Geologic map of the Siler City northeast 7.5-minute quadrangle, Chatham County, North Carolina

SilerCityNE7.5-minuteQuadrangle,OpenFileReport2015-02 NorthCarolinaDepartmentofEnvironmentandNaturalResources ThisGeologicmapwasfundedinpartbytheUSGSNationalCooperativeGeologicMappingProgram NorthCarolinaGeologicalSurveyDivsionofEnergy,Mineral,andLandResources OpenFileReport2015-02TracyE.Davis,DivisionDirector KennethB.Taylor,StateGeologist DESCRIPTIONOFMAPUNITS EXPLANATIONOFMAPSYMBOLS Pre-MesozoiccrystalinerocksintheSilerCityNortheastQuadranglearepartoftheredefinedHycoArc(Hibbardetal.,2013)withintheNeoproterozoicto CONTACTS,FAULTSANDOTHERFEATURES CambrianCarolinaterrane(Hibbardetal.,2002;andHibbardetal.,2006).Intheregionofthemaparea,theCarolinaterranecanbeseparatedintotwo ZhabltCORRELATION lithotectonicunits:1)theHycoArcand2)theAaronFormationoftheredefinedVirgilinasequence(Hibbardetal.,2013).TheHycoArcconsistsofthe Lithologiccontacts-Distributionandconcentrationofstructuralsymbolsindicatesdegreeofreliability.OFMAPUNITS HycoFormationwhichincludeca. to633M (Wortman al. Bowman, metamorphosedlayeredvolcaniclastic Availablagedates(Wortman al. Bradleyand members(inwith adlockandL 612 ,2000; 2010;BradleyandMiler,il201) 201)eta Qal a luvium Inferredcontact Inferredbritlefault;dotedwhereconcealed rocksandplutonicrocks.630M615 ,2000; M indicatetheHycoFormationmaybedividedintolowerfmagmatism.InnortheasternChathamCounty,HycoFormation andassociatedWestFarringtonpluton.TheAaronFormation(2001 (ca. ete er, Zhablt a)andupper(ca. unitsareintrudedbythe M a)579M apparentinterveninghiatuso2006)EastFarringtonpluton metamorphosedlayeredvolcaniclasticrockswithyoungestdetrital formal) Zhel Qal an Concealedcontact Interpretedfoldhingeoflarge-scaleanticline;questionmarkwhereexistenceisquestionable; a(T notca. oewy, presentinthemaparea)consistso Jd andPolock,2007,respectively). f zirconsofca.578and588Ma(Samsonetal., Zhe/pl dotedwhereconcealed;arrowindicatesdirectionofplunge Gradationalcontact-inferred diab Jd ase Neoproterozoic Mesozoic Quaternary Interpretedfoldhingeoflarge-scalesyncline;TheHycoArcandVirgilinaFormationlithologieswerefoldedandsubjectedtolowgrademetamorphismduringtheca.578to554Ma(Polock,2007) Zhablt Incrosssection, questionmarkwhereexistenceisquestionable; Zhime/pl Zhe/pl Qal Zhdlt(u) gradationalcontact-inferredVirgilinadeformation(GloverandSinha,1973;HarrisandGlover,1985;HarrisandGlover,1988;andHibbardandSamson,1995).Inthemaparea, dotedwhereconcealed;arrowindicates MetamorphicRocks primarylayeringofHycoFormationlithologiesisinterpretedtorangefromshalowlytosteeplydippingduetoopentoisoclinalfoldsthatarelocaly directionofplunge Incrosssection,foldformlinesHycoFormation-uppermember(informal) overturnedtothesoutheast. Jd Inferreddiabasedike;dotedwhereconcealed.Incrosssection,inferredaxialtraceMapunitsofmetavolcanicandmetavolcaniclasticrocksincludevariouslithologiesthatwhengroupedtogetherareinterpretedtoindicategeneral Lineargeomorphicfeatureinterpretedoflarge-scalefold metamorphosedplutonicrocks fromhilshadeLiDAR-originuncertain basalticlavas(withtuffsorconglomerates)units(Zhabl,ZhabltandZhablc)areinterpretedtorepresenteruptionofintermediatetomaficlavaflowsand A A' Crosssectionline Qalcontact associatedpyroclasticand/orepiclasticdeposits.Theepiclastic/pyroclastic(Zhe/plandZhime/pl)unitsareinterpretedtorepresentdepositionfromthe Zdi erosionofdormantandactivevolcanichighlands.Someofthemetavolcaniclasticunitswithinthemapareadisplaylithologicrelationshipssimilartodated Zhablc Zhime/pl QalunitspresentinnorthernOrangeandDurhamCounties.Duetothesesimilarities,themetavolcanicandmetavolcaniclasticunitshavebeententatively Stationlocation separatedintoupperandlowerportionsoftheHycoFormation;geochronologicdatainthemapareaareneededtoconfirmthisinterpretation. ca.613and614Ma(W ortmanetal.,2000) environmentsofdeposition.Thedaciticlavasandtuffsunit(Zhdlt)isinterpretedtorepresentdaciticdomesandproximalpyroclastics.Theandesiticto Diabasestationlocation metamorphosedvolcaniclasticsedimentaryand pyroclasticrocksca.612-616Ma(W ortmanetal., ThemapareaislocatedimmediatelynorthofthestudyareaofGreenetal.(1982),Abdelzahir(1978),andGreen(1977).Theirstudiesdocumentedthe 2000;Bowman,2010;andBradleyandMiller,201) Stationlocationwithconspicuousamounts presenceofanoverlappingseriesofmetavolcanicandmetavolcaniclasticlithologiessourcedfromdistinctareas.TheSilerCityNortheastareaisthe ofquartzcobblesand/orboulders sourceareaforaportionofthelithologiesidentifiedintheirstudies.ThesouthernportionofthequadrangleincludeslithologiescorrelativetoGreenetal. Zhe* Zhat(u) (1982)unitsAandB. Quartzdaciteporphyryboulders A Zhablc Zhdlt(u) Abundantevidenceofbritlefaultingattheoutcropscaleaswelaslarge-scalelineaments(asinterpretedfromhilshadeLiDARdata)arepresentinthe aultingandlineamentsareinterpretedtobeassociatedwithMesozoicextension.TheCol structure(Reinemund,1955) Stratigraphicrelationsuncertain PLANARFEATURES maparea.Thebritleflocatedimmediatelysoutheasto crystalinerocksoverprintedbycompl Zhablc oncross�, ftheSilerCityNortheastQuadrangle,isaconstrictionzoneintheDeepRbritlefaulting.DikesofJurassicdiabaseintrudethecrystalinerocks iverM esozoicbasinandischaracterizedbythemaparea.Quaternaryaluviumis Zhime/pl Jd Zhdlt(u) Zhdlt(u) (Formultipleobservationsatonelocality,symbolsarejoinedatthe"tail"endsofthestrikelines)of Zhime/pl Zhabl Zhel ex Zhablt-dcp Zhqdp Qal presentinmostmajordrainages. 65 Strikeanddipofprimarybeddingand/orlayering Strikeanddipofcleavage(multipleobservationsatone 84 Zhablc Zhe/pl 69 location) Zhablt Zhdlt(u) Zhe/pl Zhadlt(u) 74 Alpre-Mesozoicrocksinthemapareahavebeenmetamorphosedtoatleastthechloritezoneofthegreenschistmetamorphicfacies.Manyoftherocks Strikeanddipofprimarybeddingand/orlayering 26 76 (multipleobservationsatonelocation) Strikeanddipof displayaweaktostrongmetamorphicfoliation.Althoughsubjectedtometamorphism,therocksretainrelictigneous,pyroclastic,andsedimentarytextures Zhablc Zhe/pl andstructuresthatalowfortheidentificationofprotolithrocks.Assuch,theprefix�meta�isnotincludedinthenomenclatureofthepre-Mesozoicrocks inclinedjointsurf ace 88 Strikeanddipofinclinedjointsurface(multipleobservationsatonelocation)Strikeanddipofprimaryvolcanic compactionand/orweldingfoliation 73 75 describedinthequadrangle.Jurassicdiabasedikesareunmetamorphosed. EqualAreaSchmidtNetProjections andRoseDiagram PlotsandcalculationscreatedusingStereonetv.8.6.0basedonAlmendingeretal.(2013)andCardozoandAlmendinger(2013) EqualAreaSchmidtNetProjectionofContouredPolestoFoliationandCleavageContourInterval=2sigmaN=544 EqualAreaSchmidtNetProjectionof ContouredPolestoPrimaryBedding,Layering, Contour andWeldingIntervalCompaction/Foliation =2sigmaN=46 UnidirectionalRoseDiagramofJointsN=447OuterCircle=8%Meanvector=8.5degreesMaxvalue=7.6%between331degreesand340degrees N.C. ThenomenclatureoftheInternationalUnionofGeologicalSciencessubcommissiononigneousandvolcanicrocks(IUGS)afterLeMaitre(2002)isusedin classificationandnamingoftheunits.Theclassificationandnamingoftherocksisbasedonrelictigneoustextures,modalmineralassemblages,or Zhime/plnormalizedmineralassemblageswhenwhole-rockgeochemicaldataareavailable.PyroclasticrockterminologyfolowsthatofFisherandSchminke Zhe/pl Zhdlt(u) (1984). D ZhablQal U SedimentaryUnits Zhablc Zhablc QalZhablc Qal�Alluvium:Unconsolidatedpoorlysortedandstratifieddepositsofangulartosubroundedclay,silt,sandandgravel-tocobble-sizedclasts,instream JdQal Zhdlt(u) drainages.Mayincludepointbars,terracesandnaturalleveesalonglargerstreamfloodplains.StructuralmeasurementsdepictedonthemapwithinQal Zhime/plrepresentoutcropsofcrystalinerockinlierssurroundedbyaluvium. Zhabl Zhabl D Zhime/plIntrusiveandMetaintrusiveUnits U Jd�Diabase:Blacktogreenish-black,fine-tomedium-grained;dense,consistsprimarilyofplagioclase,augiteandlocalyolivine.Occursasdikesupto QalJd 100ftwide.Diabasetypicalyoccursasspheriodalyweatheredboulderswithagrayish-brownweatheringrind.Redstationlocationindicatesoutcroporbouldersofdiabase. Zhabl Zhqdp-Quartzdaciteporphyry:Micro-granitictoporphyriticwithaphaniticgroundmassandsub-toeuhedralphenocrysts(2-6mm)ofwhitetosalmon Zhe/pl Zhqdp plagioclaseandgraytodarkgray(beta-)quartz;phenocryststypicalyconstitute20to25%oftherock.Maylocalyhavefine-grainedintrusivetexture. Qal QalInterpretedaseitherlavaflowsorshalowintrusivespossiblyassociatedwithdomes.Presentasbouldersinthenortheastofquadrangleandasalessthan Jd Zhablc 6inchwidedikeatonestation.SimilartoquartzdaciteporphyryunitwithintheBynumQuadrangle(Bradleyetal.,2013). QalZhablt-dcp Zdi�Diorite:Mesocratic(CI~50),greenish-graytograyish-green,fine-tomedium-grained,hypidiomorphicgranulardiorite.Majormineralsinclude Jd Zdi plagioclaseandamphibole.Plagioclasecrystalsaretypicalysericitizedandsaussuritized.Amphibolesaretypicalyalteredtochloriteandactinolite masses. Zhime/pl Zhime/pl MetavolcanicandMetavolcaniclasticUnitsHycoFormation-UpperPortion Qal Jd Zhat(u)�Alteredtuffs:Verylightgraytolightgreenishgray(whitishinareas)withredandyelowmotling,alteredvolcaniclasticrocks.Alteration Jd Zhat(u) consistsofsilicified,sericitizedandpyrophylitizedrock.Sericitephylite,podsofpyrophylite,andquartz+phyrophyliterockalwithlessthan1mmto2 Zhabl Jd mmdiameterweatheredsulfidesarecommon.Relictlithicclastsandkaolinitizedfeldsparcrystalshardsarevisibleinsomeexposures.Relictstructures areobliteratedinheavilyalteredrocks.M apareacontainsboulders(uptoseveralfeetindiameter)andoutcropofmassivemilkyquartzandquartz+ sericiterock. Jd Zhablc Jd Zhablc Qal Zhe*-EpiclasticrocksoftheSouthernChathamCountyarea:Grayish-greentogreen,localywithdistinctivereddish-grayormaroontolavender Qal Qal Zhe* coloration,siltstones,sandstones,conglomeraticsandstone,andconglomeraticsiltstone(graywacke).Siltstonesarelocalyphylitic.Siltstonestypicalydisplaybeddingrangingfrommm-scaleupto10cm,beddinglayerstraceableforseveralfeetlocaly,mayexhibitsoftsedimentdeformation.Localytuffaceouswitharelictvitrictexture.Localycontaininterbeddedintermediatetomaficlavas.Conglomeratesandconglomeraticsandstonestypicalycontainroundedtoangularclasts.Depositioninterpretedasdistalfromvolcaniccenter.MaybecorrelativetoGreenetal.(1982)unitB�FelsicGraywacke JdUnit. Zhe/pl Zhel-Epiclasticrocksandlavas:Conglomerate,conglomeraticsandstone,sandstone,siltstoneandmudstone.SiltstonesandmudstonestypicalyZhel Zdi displaybeddingrangingfrommm-scaleupto10cm,beddinglayerstraceableforseveralfeetlocaly,mayexhibitsoftsedimentdeformation.Localytuffaceouswitharelictvitrictexture.Localycontaininterbeddeddacitictobasalticlavas.Conglomeratesandconglomeraticsandstonestypicalycontain subroundedtoangularclastsofdaciteinaclasticmatrix.Depositioninterpretedasdistalfromvolcaniccenter,indeepwater(?),andviaturbiditeflows. Zhdlt(u) Zhime/pl-Mixedintermediatetomaficepiclastic-pyroclasticrockswithinterlayeredintermediatetomaficlavas:Grayish-greentogreen,localy Zhime/pl withdistinctivereddish-grayormaroontolavendercoloration;conglomerate,conglomeraticsandstone,sandstone,siltstoneandmudstone.Lithologiesarelocalybedded;localytuffaceouswithacryptocrystaline-likegroundmass.Siltstonesarelocalyphylitic.LocalycontaininterbeddedintermediatetomaficlavasidenticaltoZhablt,Zhabl,andZhablcunits.Containslesseramountsoffine-tocoarsetuffandlapilituffwithacryptocrystaline-likegroundmass.Pyroclastics,lavas,andepiclasticsaremainlyintermediatetomaficincomposition.Minordaciticlavasandtuffspresent.Silicifiedand/orsericitizedaltered Zhat(u)rocksimilartoZhatunitarelocalypresent.Conglomeratesandconglomeraticsandstonestypicalycontainsubroundedtoangularclastsofandesiteand Zhime/pl basaltinaclasticmatrix.Generalyinterpretedtohavebeendepositedproximaltoactiveintermediatetomaficcompositionvolcaniccentersand/orrecord Zhadlt(u)theerosionofproximalintermediatetomaficcompositionvolcaniccentersaftercessationofactivevolcanism.MayberelatedtoGreenetal.(1982)unitC �IntermediatetoMaficVolcanicsandGraywacke. Zhime/pl Zhabl Zhe/pl-Mixedepiclastic-pyroclasticrockswithinterlayereddaciticlavas:Grayish-greentogreenish-gray,localywithdistinctivereddish-grayor Zhe/pl maroontolavendercoloration;conglomerate,conglomeraticsandstone,sandstone,siltstoneandmudstone.Lithologiesarelocalybedded;localytuffaceouswithacryptocrystaline-likegroundmass.Siltstonesarelocalyphylitic.LocalycontaininterbeddeddaciticlavasidenticaltoZhdltunit.Containslesseramountsoffine-tocoarsetuffandlapilituffwithacryptocrystaline-likegroundmass.Pyroclastics,lavas,andepiclasticsaremainlyfelsicincomposition.M inorandesitictobasalticlavasandtuffspresent.Silicifiedand/orsericitizedalteredrocksimilartoZhatunitarelocalypresent.Conglomeratesandconglomeraticsandstonestypicalycontainsubroundedtoangularclastsofdaciteinaclasticmatrix.PortionsoftheZhe/plunitareinterpretedtohavebeendepositedproximaltoactivevolcaniccentersrepresentedbytheZhdltunitbutarealsointerpretedtorecordtheerosionof proximalvolcaniccentersaftercessationofactivevolcanism.MaybecorrelativetoGreenetal.(1982)unitA�LowerFelsicVolcanics. Qal Zhdlt(u)�DaciticlavasandtuffsoftheupperportionoftheHycoFormation:Greenish-graytodarkgray,siliceous,aphaniticdacite,porphyritic Zhdlt(u) dacitewithplagioclasephenocrysts,andflowbandeddacite.Dacitewithhyaloclastictexturesiscommon.Weldedandnon-weldedtuffsassociatedwiththelavasinclude:greenish-graytograyish-green,finetuff,coarseplagioclasecrystaltuffandlapilituff.Localy,interlayersofimmatureconglomerateand conglomeraticsandstonewithabundantdaciteclastsarepresent.Thedacitesareinterpretedtohavebeencoherentextrusivesorveryshalowintrusions associatedwithdomeformation.Thetuffsareinterpretedasepisodicpyroclasticflowdeposits,airfaltuffsorreworkedtuffsgeneratedduringformationofdacitedomes.TheunitoccursasmapscalepodssurroundedbyclasticrocksofZhe/plunit.Wortmanetal.(2000)reporta615.7+3.7/-1.9MaU-Pbzircon Jd dateforadacitictufffromtheunitintheRougemontquadrangle. Jd Zhe* Zhime/pl Zhadlt(u)�AndesitictodaciticlavasandtuffsoftheupperportionoftheHycoFormation:Blacktodarkgray,gray-greentogreen;aphanitic Zhe* Zhadlt(u) andesitetodaciteandporphyriticandesitetodacitewithplagioclasephenocrysts.Hyaloclastictexturesarecommon.Interlayeredwiththelavasaregraytoblack,weldedandnon-welded,coarsetuff,lapilituff,andtuffbreccia.Rocksinterpretedasandesiteshavedistinctinteriorweatheringrindoflightbrownto grayandfreshsurfacesexhibitnon-vitricliketexturesincontrasttodacites. Zhe* Zhablt�Andesitictobasalticlavasandtuffs:Green,gray-green,gray,darkgrayandblack;typicalyunfoliated,amygdaloidal,plagioclaseporphyritic,Zhablt amphibole/pyroxeneporphyriticandaphanitic;andesitictobasalticlavasandshalowintrusions.Hyaloclastictextureiscommonandimpartsafragmental texturesimilartoalithictuffonsomeoutcrops.LocalyinterlayeredwithpyroclasticrocksandmetasedimentaryrocksidenticaltotheZhe/plandZhime/pl units. Zhabl-Andesitictobasalticlavas: Green,gray-green,gray,darkgrayandblack;typicalyunfoliated,amygdaloidal,plagioclaseporphyritic, Zhabl amphibole/pyroxeneporphyriticandaphanitic,andesitictobasalticlavasandshalowintrusions.Hyaloclastictextureiscommonandimpartsafragmental textureonsomeoutcropsandboulders.Conglomeraticrockscontainingangularclastsofandesiteand/orbasaltoccurlocalyandareinterpretedas resedimentedhyaloclastite. Zhablc-Andesitictobasalticlavasandconglomerate:Green,gray-green,gray,darkgrayandblack;typicalyunfoliated,amygdaloidal,plagioclaseZhablc porphyritic,amphibole/pyroxeneporphyriticandaphanitic;andesitictobasalticlavasandshalowintrusions.Hyaloclastictextureiscommonandimpartsafragmentaltextureonsomeoutcropsandfloatboulders.Interlayersofconglomeraticrockscontainingangularclastsofandesiteand/orbasaltarecommon andareinterpretedasresedimentedhyaloclastite.LocalyinterlayeredwithpyroclasticrocksandmetasedimentaryrocksidenticaltotheZhime/plunits. Zhablt-dcp�AndesitetobasaltporphyryoftheDryCreekarea:Distinctive,greentodarkgreen,andesiteporphyrywithaphaniticgroundmassand Zhablt-dcp euhedralphenocrysts(upto10mm)ofgreenish-whiteplagioclase;phenocryststypicalyconstitute20to50%oftherock;localalignmentofplagioclase;lesserpyroxene/amphibolephenocrysts.Greentodarkgreenbasaltporphyrywithabundantpyroxene(alteredtoamphibole)phenocrystswithminor plagioclasephenocrysts.Andesiteandbasaltporphyrieslocalyamygdaloidal(upto2cm),amygdulesincludecalcite,quartz,chlorite,andepidote.Same asDryCreekPorphyrycomplexofHauck(1977). RivesChapel Carolina DewitA ChurchRd. HilRd. Rocky NCHwy902 Smithd. Bear R River Creek Qal Qal Zhime/pl Jd Zhime/pl 0' Zdi 685' Zhime/pl ZhablZhabl Zhime/pl Zhabl Zhablc Zhime/pl Zhime/pl Jd-1315' ZhablcZhime/pl Zhime/pl Zhablc Zhablc Zhe/pl Zhe/pl Zhe/pl -3315' crosssectionscale-1:24000 noverticalexaggeration ResearchsupportedbytheU.S.GeologicalSurvey,NationalCooperativeGeologicM appingProgram,underUSGS GeologicMapoftheSilerCityNortheast7.5-minuteQuadrangle,ChathamCounty,NorthCarolina awardnumberG14AC00230.Thismapandexplanatory informationissubmitedforpublicationwiththe ByunderstandingthattheUnitedStatesGovernmentis authorizedtoreproduceanddistributereprintsfor HeatherD.Hanna,PhilipJ.Bradley,andRandyBechtel governmentaluse.Theviewsandconclusionscontainedinthisdocumentarethoseoftheauthorsandshouldnotbe GeologicdatacolectedfromJuly2014throughMay2015.interpretedasnecessarilyrepresentingtheofficialpolicies, Mappreparation,digitalcartographyandeditingby eitherexpressorimplied,oftheU.S.Government. 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Wortman,G.L.,Samson,S.D.,andHibbard,J.P.,2000,PreciseU-Pbzirconconstraintsontheearliestmagmatichistoryofthe Carolinaterrane,JournalofGeology,v.108,pp.321-338. A' TRAVERSEMAP Hilshadederivedfroma20footLiDARdigitalelevation model.Redandbluelinesshowpathsoffieldtraverses. PitsboroGoldstonRd. A' 685' 0' Zhe/pl -1315' -3315' bycar byfoot BasemapisfromUSGS2013GeoPDFoftheSilerCityNE7.5-minutequadrangle.Airphoto,mapcolarandselectfeaturesremoved.BoundsofGeoPDFbasedon7.5-minutegridprojectioninUTM17S;NorthAmericanDatumof1983(NAD83). ThisisanOpen-FileM ap.Ithasbeenreviewedinternalyfor conformitywithNorthCarolinaGeologicalSurveymappingstandardsandwiththeNorthAmericanStratigraphicCode.FurtherrevisionsorcorrectionstothisOpenFilemapmayoccur. ScanwithsmartphoneforlinktoGeoPDFofmap.ThirdpartyApprequired.