Carolina Watchman

              v i hi of the watchman subscription per year two dollars payable in dvance bal if not paid in advance two dollars * j fifty cts will be charged . dte r t isem__nts inserted at 1 for the first and 25 els for each subsequent insertion court orders chirged .,-' .,,,,. , t , liigher lhan these rates ,_ liberal deduc tion !■> chose ho advertise by the vear . , ,., us ro the v litors musl be post paid oix)mal history north carolina furr.is-ii "■ ' j charles campbell esq for the raleigh register historical sketches by col guilford dudley *** antique motions of lhe manual exercise 81 ihen practised in order to put them into die attitude for filing ; several fagots charged with combustible matter and lighted were hurled by some dexterous hands lo ihe top i the column which soon kindled into a blaze and as soon as the fire and black condensed smoke occasioned by the lar began to ascend which seemed almost to reach lhe clouds the troops with iheir officers at their proper posts were ordered lo fire a volley with blank cart ridges feu de joie fashion from tijzht to left and from left lo right uttering lond huzza at eveiy volley and ihis firing was kepi up until lhe pyramid gradually burnt down dripping he ta i in profusion from barrel lo barrel un til il descended lo the ground where spread ing itself in streams over a large surface lasl of all caught in a blaze which ascended as at the top on a heavy column nf fire and black 6 ome of perhaps 30 or 40 feet diameter to a great height as before and at lasl consumed il ; wan ol more fuel whilst these sports un rej icinga were going forward on the lawn the uier-'hatits and others of lhe more wealthy and hospitable inhabitants had provided some {]),,.- and barrels of rum and other spirits which tvere deposited on lhe firsl parade ground with one end upward aud the heading knocked ou ; lo which place the troops were ihen marched f owed by the numerous spectators all shouting and huzzaing lill they reached lhe spot barbacued meats and other viands were also prepared in greal abundance and every body who chose feasted and all upon free cost this pleasing and alluring exercise of feast ing and merriment being over every body retired lo iheir houses in town and country titter a joyous day spent as above described without any iiot r lumuli bui all in good humor with : ihi-mselv s and the world thus much lor lhe damp v and its repeal [ liaw already old the reader how the duke of graltoit as prime minister and charles xownshend the new chancellor of the ex j cb.qiem came into power now immediately procured lhe passage of a bill for granting new dmio in ihe colonies lo wil : on glass paper painte'v colors and lea the heal ol opposi tion wliici ion subsided upon the repeal of lhe formpi imposl was now revived with addition al ardour by lhe mime principle exhibited in its new fulfil as might have been expected lhe new duties gave iise to a second associa lion ... suspending importations lo british maiiuf_e.fi res i niibrmity in this measure was promoted by the massachusetts assftnbly n_e a livity and persevering firmness exeiled lb marked displeasu f the crown they h'ere ordered lo res ind iheir resolutions and . 00 i hei efusal weie dissolved during lhe administration of gnvembr try on in north carolina a splendid place for his residence was begun in newl-errr ihe seal of the royal government in lhat province the im of ._:.'. k)i current money equal to (>_,- ! was voted by the house of i.ir gesses ">■■ that esiabli iiuient in the lirst in stance chit sum being gradually expended and the building unfinished another call was made an the house of burgesses at iheir nexl session for a new appropriation which wiih some difficulty was obtained perhaps t the amount of 6000 more aud the work progress ed but even this additional sum was i und insufficient for s splended a building with all its offices and governor tryon with the as sistance ofthe influence of his council always obedienl to lhe wishes of ibe governor and lhe mandates of lhe crown who jointly consli titled the upper branch of the provincial gov ernment obtained from time to lime new grants until ihe sums amounted lo £ 10.000 or 100.000 dollars — an immense sum for north carolina lo raise a lhat early period which though ex tensive as to its let tilery was nevertheless deemed the pooiest province except georgia in british america tins enermous sum ap propriated for the accommodation of one man a creature of the crown and his family ex toiled i degrees from the people ( _ hilst many weallhy and virtuous subjects lived in tene menls not costing 1600 created many mur niurin and much discontent throughout the province especially among her hardy sons from hillsborough as far as her settlements extended lo lhe west ; whilst lhe people below who possessed of mere wealth and a consider able black population were better able to pay exorbitant taxes quietly acquiesced under these oppressions to add lo these discontents the people in ihe upper districts loudly complained of oppressions in another form arising from ih ' corruption and laxity ofthe royal government & s exercised iu this province as all appoint ments to office emanated from the governor aa the king's substitute he was in the habit she ill in lhe different counties ho if they were not already his servile crea . were mosi likely lo become so in order retain an office the gift of lhe royal substi tale and that without taking sufficient security il any for lhe faithful discharge ol lhe duties of m ollice and or his punctuality in account ing at lhe treasury office for the public taxes ind other fees always collected by him and besides making other alledged exactions nol warranted by him of his own accord it so appened as might have been expected lhat any of ihese sheriffs puffed up by the pride °> office.and the temptation of extravagantly s i'uiil ring what was not iheir own often led and absconded with what of the public m "" h yihat remained in their hands these la ies once collected already because lhe pro cial government could not do without its manual revenues were again levied and ex ' orle l from the people and that through the neg gence o r misrule of the governor another b r evar.ce also these hardy people loudly com plained of was the exhorbitant and illegal fees he clerks of lhe courts and the lawyers exact irom those whose misfortune it was lo be in 0 vp d in law-suits which is not paid without a sure to be levied and collected by execu n without the smallest chance of escape un *->$ they evented it by force of arms ; and j men driven to despair by the acts of these sensed knaves and oppressors at last had re urse lo acts of resistance and violence the ' the carolina watchman bruner & james ) editors 4 proprietors $ " ke " a x "* _ ) new series do this axd liberty is safe ' '. __» *___-»_« ejeu'l harrison \ volume v number 4g j salisbury n c thursday march 22 1849 dernier resort of lhe oppressed everywhere this al lust after a forbearance of three or four years brought about ihat state of insurrection which in north carolina wa so emphatical ly call j ihe regulation these reg ulators as they styled lhem_eli.es everywhere apprehended the obnoxious sheriffs clerks of courts and lawyers some of whom they se vet civ chastised with slripes and otherwise maltreated in many places such for instance as louisburg and hillsl.oro and oilier town ; ihe splendid houses built by lhe lawyers out of the proceeds ol iheir unlawful gains were ei ther demolished or partly torn down and de faced i.y these infuriated regulators and their tenant forced lo fly lo a pla.e of safely out of iheir reach to escape personal vengeance courts were broken up by them and all law proceedings at least for a lime interrupted — this was lhe commencement of ihat insurree lion in norih carolina known as the regula tion and lhe number ofthe insurgents was daily increasing in an alarming amount in this stale ol things vet nor tryon who was an eng lishmau and bred to arms and who il is be lieved was a colonol in the british guard thought proper lo call out lhe militia ofthe low er couniry and beat up for volunteers many of whi tn of iim firsl families joined his standard meantime the regulators were embodyi.o 1 themselves under iheir leader herman ffus bands win had long been a conspicuous mem ber ofthe house of burgesses and was a man of strong natural lalenis their place of ren dezvous was on the upper side of the big al lamauce lhe principal branch of haw river about twenty two miles above hillsborough — their numbers were estimated at 5009 at last governor tryon wiih 2 or 3000 militia and volunteers ihe latter acting as cavalry wiih iliree or four small held pieces about the ! 5ih of may 1771 approximated the insurgent j army a disposition lor battle was soon made j on both ides and powder and ball were to de cide the hazardous and dotibiful contest the regulators although a brave and hardy people were nevertheless very deficient in nol j tibialis to direct iheir course and skilful olli j cms lo lead them into bailie and knew but lit • lie of military discipline and tacticks and her ; man husbands before mentioned was nothing al home but a plain farmer was their com i maiider-iu-chiel whilst col builer a brave man and llie most capable perhaps of the two j was iheir second in coinmad the battle com ; menced aud was conducted with spirit on l.oih j sides while lhe issue was for some time doubt fill at la>t disorder which was to have been ; expected found its way into the ranks of the j regulators nor was ihis all the cannot ufl he royal army played incessantly upon ihem and did great execution not one nan among ihem in all pro ability ever having heard the | discahrge of a piece of artillery before this created a panick which terribly increased their contusion and a reheat or rather a flight en sued many were killed and wounded and ma ny more were made prisoners among them was col butler and several other leadinu char acters but herman husbands made his es ca and fled lolhe back part of pennsylvania from whence he had emigrated lo north caro lina and was never more seen there but his influence was not lost he soon became a , member of ihe legislature of his native state and so continued for many years and a er j wards it is believed was a delegate to con gress governor tryon after his victory held a court martial for the trial of his prisoners and by martial law hanged on a gihbel six of the most obnoxious characters among them col butler issued his proclamation requiring those who fled as well as those who remained on the ground and were captured lo repair lo lhe roy al standard and lake ihe oath of all giance to his majesty ur suffer the penalty of death lortrea soti and have their estates confiscated this requisition was pretty generally complied wiih and among those who made iheir apperance for lhai purpose was included the iioie.l col , pyle of orange or chatham and of whom i shall have occasion to speak hereafter and ihese people generally remained faithful after waids to lhe royal cause and were a severe annoyance of lhe good people of north caroli na dm ing the period of our revolutionary stiug gle tryon after this victory having forced the submission of these impatient and deluded men and having re-established the civil authority in hillsborough and other places where it had been resisted marched back lo lhe low coun try and discharged ihem such was lhe eclat lhe governor derived from the succces of this short campaign both in lhe province and in england lhat in the course of tbe year 1771 or the beginning ol lhe next he was translated by lhe ministry from the gov ernment of north carolina to that of the rich commercial province of new york a much more handsome sinecure lhan the former as probably his salary was doubled if not trebled iu this post he was found when the american war broke out and in which he continued un til its close in the commencement ofthe sum mer of 1779 he was despatched from the city of new york by ihe commander-in-chief of the british forces upon au expedition lo con nect icnt " accompanied bv lhe numerous force and escorted by admiral collier ; he landed at easl haven then visited new haven fairlield and noi walk in each of which places he ex hibited lhe most barbarous scenes of plunder and conflagialion insult and devastation — no object being too valuable none too contempti ble to save it from his destructive grasp no building was sufficiently sacred lo protect it from the torch what was spared by one ot his parties in lhe morning was by anoiher de strove in : kc evening — till satiated with re venge and plunder lhe expediiilioii returned lo new york crowned wiih lhe laurels of a ma rauder and au incendiary to be continued at a meeting ofthe board of regpnts on wednesday last vice president fill more ex officio a regent was unanimous ly elected chancellor of the smithsonian institution in the place ot vice president dallas whose term had expired turnpike roads 1 to the honorable the general assembly rf the state of north carolina : i<>r petitioners citizens of cald well county would respectfully bring to your notice the propriety and necessity of aiding us in the construction of a road leading from lhe town of lenoir to the state line in the direction of jonesboro tennessee : — a subject of deep and abi ding interest to us and of still greater im portance to a large section of country west and north west of us embracing the highlands of cale'well and ashe coun ties ; and a small portion ofthe county of yancey here is an area targe enough at least for one new county distant from any courthouse and almost uninhabited excepting the valley of watauga inter spersed with large valleys which togeth er with the high but even surface of the mountains are covered with a soil as good as could be desired an area unsurpass ed by any mountain region on earth of equal extent for health beauty and fer tility and the only reason why it has ne ver been more unproved is its being des titute ofa market and the ordinary facil ities of intercourse so essential to its pros perity and the moral and intellectual ad vancement of any community ; conse quently it has heretofore been unapprecia ted and almost unknown within the limits of this territory is an exhausiible supply ofthe cranberry iron ore much the finest in the slate perhaps the best in the world three forges are : already in successful operation and much of the iron manufactured is transported to the counties of ashe and caldwell by dragging it part ofthe way on pathways across the mountains and large quantities of irish potatoes corn salt and plaster of paris are carried on roads almost im ! passible and bartered or sold at a sacri fice ol half their value looking at our central position in the western end ofthe state possessing na turally much the nearest and best connex ion with tennessee and the west we should be astonished that the subject has been so long overlooked but for the fact lhat between wilkesboro and morganton ! a distance of fi . ty miles along the blue . ridge there was no court house town un , til this county was established this road will be remarkably straight for a mountainous country with the great advantage over any other route of avoid ing lhe great stone mountain on the north and the great linville range on the south bolh presenting for many miles effectual barriers to a first rate road from our courthouse to robert moody's on the waters of the yadkin a distance of about 9 miles there is already a tolera ble road which may be easily reduced al most to a level passing through the war rior gap and the valley of lhe yadkin fa vorably known to many as the " happy valley thence to the top of the blue ridge in the green settlement a dis ; tance not exceeding nine miles ; the as cent between the waters of yadkin and catawba rivers is very gradual anil easy from ihis point on the blue ridge to the stale line at or near cranberry forge a distance of about twenty-one or twenty two miles crossing the valley of watau ga and passing through or near to the large valley commonly called the " big bottoms of elk the only difficulty pre sented is a narrow range of mountains dividing the waters of elk and watauga which will be easily passed by one of the low gaps in the same from the state line to jonesboro a distance of about thirty or thirty one miles and to other points in tennessee there are already tol erable roads which will no doubt be great ly improved by the citizens of that state by the above estimate the whole dis tance from lenoir to joneshoro will be about seventy miles and about fifty miles less than by any other route or road that will be of any importance to the state at large the road crossing linville moun tain and running up toe river in the coun ty of yancey the only exception to this statement in regard to distance owing to the great difficulties in crossing linville mountain and blue ridge has failed to answer any valuable purpose except to the counties of burke and yancey for whose benefit it was chiefly designed viewing this subject in a more impor tant light we hope the legislature will consider this road as part of a great tho roughfare between fayetteville and cum berland gap and provide that the great western turnpike if constructed make as near approach to lenoir as practicable with a view to a proper connexion ol the two roads the citizens of the northern counties ascending the yadkin river to the valley by a grade easily rendered almost level by following the banks ofthe river will find this the shortest and best road to the west while the middle and southern coun ties would be equally benefitted for situ ated as our courthouse is at the south western extremity of the brushy range the road from this place to fayelleville could be made almost a direct line by a grade equal to any in the state possess ing also the great advantage of being well watered by small streams and avoi ding the necessity of expensive bridges which i.s also one of the great advantages in that part ofthe road west of us the estimate of distance already made [ will not be materially different when con sidered witli regard lo cumberland gap as will be seen by reference to a good map and that part of the road passing through the mountains unlike most moun tain roads will he supplied at all points wiih an abundance of agricultural pro ductions passing too in near vicinity to the blow ing rock grandfather roan yellow hanging rock and beach mountains easy access will be had to tht most lovely anil picaresque mountain see n rv in ibe slate not surpassed by any in the united states where our fellow citizens of the lower counties who now spend their summers in either states might resort for health and pleasure more profitably to all p r ti.s will the state suffer this important and interesting portion of her domain to re main longer a wilderness yielding little prospect to the slate or her citizens when by one good thoroughfare it would by its increased value becorffe a considerable source of revenue ? with due deference we hope not especially as we are asking aid for a portion of our slate which has never we believe received an appropria tion from the legislature or is likely to be directly or materially benefitted by any other scheme of internal improvement although an equal proportion of their cost must necessarily be paid hy us in conclusion we ask lhat an accurate survey of said road be made by five in telligent commissioners and also an ap i propriation of ten thousand dollars to ; be expended between the yadkin valley and the state line in such manner as the : legislature may provide if this is not granted we ask secondly an appropria tion equal to the amount expended in cash \ and labor by county courts and individ uals in the construction of said road not less than five thousand dollars if this be deemed inexpedient we ask ; thirdly a charter with liberal provisions ; a capital of ten thousand dollars and a pledge that the state take one half or one third ofthe stock if necessary all which respectfully submitted by your petition ers ocp this petition was unanimously signed by the grand jurors of caldwell and by many ofthe most respectable cit j izens of that county the washington correspondent of the philadelphia north american says — the new arrangement of the cabinet is entirely satisfactory and will be received with as much favor as lhe original pro gramme the transfer of mr preston to lhe navy department was in accordance with his own wishes and the appoint ment of mr reverdy johnson as attorney general i.s a compliment to his eminent legal abilities the propiiety and force of which lhe country will acknowledge with out a dissenting opinion the same letter referring to the closing proceedings of congress says — towards the close of the session of the senate an incident occurred which de serves particular nolice mr polk was notified through the ordinary committee about six o'clock lhat the chamber hav ing discharged its duties was prepared ' to adjourn instead of communicating an appropriate answer several message were transmitted and the senate retired into executive session — two nomina tions of justices of the peace were sub mitted aud upon objection being made were laid aside then a nomination in favor of mr han negan as minister plenipotentiary to ber lin was introduced this being the real object while the others were only tbe pre text for the executive session thesame point was raised in opposition and it was urged that the congress had expired and with it the power ofthe president to ap point ltrgent appeals were employed by the friends of mr polk and hannegan was confirmed seven hours after the re cent incumbent had ceased to be presi dent ! i do not desire to disparage or censure the recipient of this executive bounty but the act is oue which under the cir cumstances should invoke the indigna tion of the whole country ; the more so be cause mr polk with his characteristic hypocricy had maintained in the early part of the night that he had no power to sign bills or make nominations after 12 oclock it must be obvious to every one who will think of the matter for a moment that it has been impossible since the ap pointment of the new cabinet for the president to hold such consultation as is necessary to the preparation of any busi ness to lay before the senate as yet ; es pecially whilst the doors not ofthe presi dential mansion onlv but those of the heads of departments are thronged by congratulating friends and gentlemen who are candidates for office if not for them selves for their friends in consequence of this state of things the senate having on meeting yesterday no business requi ring its consideration adjourned over to monday next — nat int central rail road the numbers of carlton na iii the man who owns and colli rates a farm in the neighborhood of a pnpu :> city enjoys more favorable opportunities for supporting a family and enlarging his property than one who lives at a distance from a numerous and busy population or far back in the interior of a country it is because tbe productions of his farm and his garden have fair and prompt market with no delay of payment this acts as a stimuloas to his exertions he is en couraged to fertilize his grounds to prac tise the best modes of cultivation to he economical of his time and not to be sparing of his toil his trees are well se lected his orchards flourish his meadows are luxuriant and he is no less particular in the quality of his grains roots and ve getables he is so habitually iu good spi rits from knowing no necessity or debt by unembarrassed command of his af fairs and by a regular growth of his pros pects for himself and his children that bis labours instead of being oppressive are prosecuted with renewed interest whil he looks forward to their speedy and cer tain reward it is no wonder then that such portion of our country as an in the vicinity of a dense and active pop i.iou should be remarkable for the prosperity of their inhabitants the distant farmer shows his sense of this and of his own disadvantages while in cutting down the timber that encumbers his lands and which is to be burned in heap 1 *, as being only in his way he remarks that were these masses of wood in certain situations instead of causing bim so mu-.m usele-s labour they would speedily augment his fortune what is heresaidof the farmer or planter is no less applicable to all sorts of business mines of iron coal or lead could they all be situated and worked near to seaport towns or large cities or even very populous parts of the country are more valuable lhan when remote from the prompt opportunities of sale the advantages of all sorts of manufactories are estimable by the same considerations let us then suppose a farm a workshop or a mine with all iis means of being wrought situated two hundred miles from tin sea to be taken up and put down again a lew miles from a commercial city tbe land which before such a change sold for three dollars would now sell for fifteen perhaps thirty or fifty dollars per acre the reason obviously i.s that in its new situaiion it has all the opportunities of a quick convenient and ready money market it would be a matter of small consideration lhat the land at present was in an inferior state of cultivation there is no danger that it would not soon become rich in these new circumstances it would every year grow more fertile un der the increased alacrity ingenuity and management of the owner if it were not subject by some peculiar properties to invincible sterility he would think but little of its former unproductive condition all this is evidently not less true of the mine or lhe workshop such a case can only be imagined and it is for the sake of illustration alone that it has been supposed but lo prepare the way definitely for the use ot this example let me repeat what is it that causes the difference between tbe value of lhe farm and all its productions in the one situa tion and in the other ? it is in their dis tance from market all that we have supposed is the annihilation of distance if the necessity of so long a transportation did not exist the farm that is two hundred miles from the seaport town would be at once as valuable in every respect as if it were within one mile of it with us in north carolina the one would be more highly prized than the other because it would unite the same opportunities of market and the same profits on every thing sold with the circumstance of living in a heal hy country is there no way of annihilating distance not in reality dir in all ihat the farmer would ask i mean its effects upon his opportunities . are there no means of reducing th ; r.eat distances to almost nothing with re_>p ct to the disadvantage to which they subject him ? the answer plainly is that it can be done by a canal or a rail road it may at first seem strange and extravagant to speak of annihilating distance between , two places it is important however that we should become familiar with those modes which facilities in travelling and conveyance propose for doing this \ ou are in new-haven and you have busi ness which calls you to the city of new york which is eighty five miles distant you go to the steamboat in the evening at six o'clock and step into it when bedtime comes you lie down and sleep on as good a bed as you want and the next morning vou awake at four o'clock with the intelligence that all you have to do is to step out of the boat into the city at tpnj to vour business and then return home again by the same means what great difference it may be asked is there so far as yourself alone are concerned between taking up your house in new haven and selling il down at the city of new york and lh«-n returning it again to its proper pi ce . is there any thing vir luallv incorrect in say ing that tiie distance between vour own house and new _. ork has been removed as the practical pur ; poses ot business ? a person may now ! travel by steamboat and stage from nor folk to philadelphia in thirty six hours ' though the distance between ihese places is three hundred and fifty mil s by such methods of travelling as were once prac tised at lhe tate of forty miles a day he must have required nine days to accom plish if when eve say that by lhe im proved methods of travelling the di.-tancc bas been annihilated there is no longer that objectionable appearance <;.» mystery or magic which might at first have oc curred lo our apprehension let it not be thought thai the expei.se of such travelling bas been studiously kept oat of view the exposition is for the purpose of distinctly showing what is meant when by certain modes of con veyance distance is said to be annihila ted the passage from yw haven lo new \ ork must cost three dollars for the distance of eighty live miles and that between norfolk and philadelphia must cost twelve every thing in lhe latter in stance being found to the traveller thro lhe distance of three hundred and ti miles but where men go such distance on business it is really so great . nrivi lege to effect their objects on thos erms and in most casts tbey gain so much by it in the end that the expense is more than compensated by tbe advantages — when ihey travel for pleasure wfl shall scarcely deny tbat their remuneration is greatly enhanced or at least that it is a matter which ought to have no influence on the subject a merchant in norfolk for we do well to illustrate by fact reads in tbe new .. per that ibreedays afterward there to be sold at auction i niladel hia a huge quantity of goods or proper n which he feels inten s.ed in the last thir six hours before the time of sale ne tass the city defrays til the ex - ( f his passage with t ive dollai 3 his p ; bases and p --. v proli s by them to the amount of some hu ireds or even thousands the cos c travelling it is presumed w tild no i nger be named und the d tance bepv en philadelphia and his own residence he will con nt to say has been reduced to little r nothing bv the facilities of the pas 1 _ travelling recently 0.1 the x iork canal from albany to lake ei n dis tance of thr hundred and si y three miles 1 fell into con 1 lion with a man by the name of hooj . . . ps westward in the same packet boat he was one of your plain substantial sensible men a good far r wholly of a practical charac ter on the soundness of whose opinions and the correctness of v lose statements it was easy to see that reliance was to be placed said he i live some distance up the country along this can '. d have been down lo schenectady to market i took down five hundred and twenty six barrels of flour in a boat which cost a bout two hundred and fifty dollars it was done by two men and iwo horses and the whole trip will be completed in eight days had i done this by our old method with waggons and horses along our turnpike roads the samp thing would have requir ed fifty men filly waggons and a hundred horses for sixteen days it might be left for any one to estimate the comparative cost ol transportation up on a barrel of flour by he two methods but let us stop to consider intelligently the particulars of this example for ns a fact it is of no small importance in de terming the merits of canals or rail wa.s and common roads let us admit for the sake of comparison ihat one boat is as expensive in the building and main tenance as three waggons and ibis will be a liberal allowance to the disadvan tage of the boats and in favour of land carriage it will then be true fiom tbe preceding statement lhat one horse by means ofthe canal performs the work of fifty horses upon a road one man the work of twenty iis'c and one waggon ve ry nearly as much as seventeen waggon nor is tbis the full account ofthe niatti .: for the man horse and waggoi o that in one day which the twenty live men fifty horses and seventeen waggons do in iwo days now if we suppose the day's work ofthe man to be one dollar that of the horse half a dollar and the waggon to be worth fifty cents a day the value of the work done by the three united i two dollars a day and the value of lhe work done by the twenty live men fifty horse and seventeen waggons in one day will be fifty eight dollars and a i all or one hundred and se"venl 1 dollars in two days to display t 1 is more clearly we iall set down the two comparative statements with numbers 1 man 1 00 1 horse v 1 waggon 50 for one lay 2 00 t is shows the expense of conveyance pon a canal for . e day to bi lw ■ l iars while tht co * upon . new urk turnpike road is as folio - . 25 men 25 ' • 50 horses 2 - i 17 wagg t.i 8 50 i-l this being doubled for two days r.iak - 117 * it is hoped the re >'•* " the ego listn somen nes resorted 1 _ ii .. bought portam lo build ur opinions r.d iews ihe bun-union of facts : nod tbe writer « lo be hel.l personal responsible tnilli of ihe cir_i_mstat.ee here pre .. ian case cannot be ii.is-_.auwl for 11 was noted down on paper at lhe time with repetili tn f the waggons here spoke d of were two horse waggon n has mr commonly uard in that and other parts of tbe northern eountrj : hut oae of idem carri at lear im barrels <■! flour i'li di'-y ' a!l t,j 0 " beir improved roads