i , i i j»__-»--»-»m i i -___<__» fern oi l!»e watchman r y ar two oji.i.atts — priva in bat it n t paid i'i advance two doli.-irs j , will be charged at 1 for the first and 25 cts ..'.-•.] i-:ii insertion court orders charged hin th e rates a liberal deduc i advertise by lhe year ..- e litors m ist be postpaid li x a watchman tiesda etesuc haecfl 7 acahubria settlement — we suppose ...,,, is not a state or county in the i fi nal throughout as it regards the jili and character of the population jot to have within its bounds a nook corner which is made the subject of i .... and ridicule by that portion which . itself more highly favored — however censurable this disposition a __ nens p ' ''' *~ n''v^r'he!ess true and \ ..- trivial circumstances generally i giver to his state of things as does the i los foolish occurrences serve among chil to procure lor them the queer nick i lsnies with which they are so frequently b-jubbid uiul which often stick to them ' igh lhe greater part of life i [. v - t'tibmbria is the name of a i settlement in rowan a few miles east of his town how the name originated or irbatit mean if it means any thing fff are unable to say rut by this name ' .. the settlement been known since our i ; and by the manner of its i vie in certain sections it is regarded in a i-n.*-e ; and the man who hails i tom that region is sometimes " without jonor except " in his own country having had occasion lo travel almost ill over this section of rowan within a i few months past we had a fair opportu i tv to become pretty well acquainted it and in justice to calaubria we • say that she presents more signs of nfort and independence than we had i iy idea of finding the people are a 2 du straight forward unpretending folk i ho make their own bread and meat in ibandance and wear the fleece of their : own flocks manufactured into clothing by ' ;'.. r own wives and daughters the . ... ,..*. are better than we expected to see . udeven in a better state of cultivation ; ,. v have numerous and extensive mead i v which yield plenty of good hay ; and jmosl every tenth man has a grist mill hey raise generally no more cotton than j , lev can consume in their families for j j niier clothing c grain and hay are ' i chief productions of their farms their i ick ofall kind fair will and especially i . * ' < ir liois'-s which are always fat and , i eck and are never called upon to lav : i it 1 1 1 «- power of tlieir muscles without | ring on their owners decided benefit j i t the information of our brethren of the press who may wish to have their pa * known in this section of our county nd also for the sake of the good people i ( . h.ibi i.i we would mention that a post office was established in lhe neigh bodioo.l last fall bearing the same name ler lhe management of mr s peeler lice is situated on the bringle ferry ' . «\ road about seven miles east of tv ing had occasion to visit other sec ' * of our couniy recently with which ft were not before very well acquainted temaytake occasion at our leisure to of tbrin also j---w_gm«gr«yr-rr i~j-.-mi*i^-,mu\a^-um-a*->-*-b9-*i i nati i the 24th ultimo death of ex-president warns the venerable patriot and statesman john qcixcy adams expired at the capi tol lasl evening a little alter seven o'clock he lingered to all appearance insensible and unconscious from the period of his 1 w:ick on monday until an hour after sun i ft last evening when he gently breathed last and his spirit returned to god ' io gave i h is not lor us to pro ince the eulogy ol one soeminent.and *> honorably and constantly associated all that was exalted in his country's story from the very foundation of the wernment to the present time that ■"* will be fittingly discharged by more tompetcm and more appropriate hands * will suffice for this brief notice to say w few men have filled a larger space or l-'ed a more important part in th great i affairs of their country that few we commanded a higher admiration for ties or won a wider respect i'or un bering integrity and a rigid adherence :':^ liews of duty his domestic cha i uas not less bright than his public as truly above all praise and all pfoach tneral honors to mr adams lie usual hour of meeting of the o houses of congress yesterday a full lance of members and crowded au j*"ces attested the deep interest ofthe which called the two houses to r i1'-1 • testimonials of their profound t1 for ihe memory of the hon john ms who breathed his last on . c din-r evening and whose mortal j1',,1s>'tt ay within the walls of the j e house of representatives as as house was called to order i ts-ht1 r1 a dat ttvt 4 ii 7 a tr j l tvt _ uiii ualtulli^a w a i lrilyl al , bruner & james i editors &■ proprietors ( k"r * v!zc "'" *" t j kii.er.s new series do this avd liberty is s_f v 1'l gen i harrison £ number 4 of volume iv salisbury n c thursday march 9 1848 the speaker the hon r c winthrop rose and in a feeling and affecting man ner addressed the house as follows : gentlemen of the ii of representatives of the u s : it has been thought fit that the chair should announce officially to the house an even already known to the members individually an which has filled all our beans wiih sadness a seat on this lloor has been vacated towards which our eyes have been accus tomed to turn wiih no common interest a voice litis been hushed forever in this hall to which all ears have been wont to listen with profound reverence a venerable form has faded from our sight around which we have daily clus tered with an affectionate regard a name has been stricken from the roll of the living statesmen of our land which has been associated lor more than hall a century with the highest civil service and the loftiest civil renown on monday the 21st inst john quincy adams sunk in his seat in presence of us all by a sudden illness horn which he never recovered ; and he died in the speaker's room at a quarter past seven o'clock last evening wiih the officers of the house and the delegation of his own massachusetts around him \\ hatever advanced age long experi ence great ability vast learning accumu lated public honors a spotless private cha racter and a firm religious faith could do to render any one an object of interest respect and admiration they had done for ibis distinguished person ; and inter est respect and admiration are but feeble terms to express the feelings with which the members ol this house and the peo ple of the country have long regarded him after a life of eighty years devoted from iis earliest maturity to the public service he has at length gone to his rest il has been privileged to die at his post to fall while in lhe discharge of his du ties ; to expire beneath lhe roof of the capitol ; and to have his last scene asso cialed forever in history with the birth day of that illustrious patriot whose just discernment brought him first into service of his country the close of such a life under such circumstances is not an event for unmin gled emotions we cannot find it in our hearts to regret lhai he has died as he has died he himself could have desired no oilier end " this is the end of earth were his last words uttered on the day on which he fell but we might almost hear him exclaiming as he left us — iu a language hardly less familiar to him than his native tongue — hoc e.sl nimirum niagis fcliciter tie vita migrare qunm mini it is i'or others to suggest what honors shall lie paid to his memory no acts of ours are necessary to his fame but it may be due to ourselves and to the coun try that the national sense of his charac ter and services should be fitly commem orated when lhe speaker concluded — mr hudson of massachuseits rose and addressed the house as follows mr speaker : i rise with no ordinary emotion to perform a painful duty which litis been assigned me by my colleagues growing out of an event which litis recent ly occurred in the midst ol us the an nouncement of which litis just been made by the chair my late venerable col league is no more ! a great and good man has fallen ! lie has been stricken down in the midst of us while in the dis charge of his public duties one whose public sei vices are coeval with the estab lishment of our government — one who has come down to us from past genera tions and of whom it might almost be said that he was living in the midst of posteri ty an example to us and to those who come after us has ceased from his labors and gone to his reward the peculiar circumstances of his death are known i0 every member of this house and are cal culated to make a deep and lasting im pression the weigh so heavily upon my own mind and feelings that i am al most inclined to believe that silence is the most appropriate token of our grief and the most suitable tribute to his memory john quincy adams was born on the 11th day of july 17(37 in that part of braintree massachusetts which was sub sequently incorporated into a town by the name of quincy and hence was in the eighty-flrst year of his age in 1778 when he was but eleven years of age he ac companied his father john adams to france who was sent with benjamin franklin and arthur lee as commis sioners to the court of versailles after remaining in france about 18 months during which time he applied himself closely to the study of the french and latin languages he returned to his own country in august 1779 in november of the same year his father was again dis patched to europe for the discharge of diplomatic services and took his son john quincy wiih him at paris he was put to school and when in 1780 john adams removed to holland his son enjoyed the advantages of the public school at am sterdam and afterwards of the university at leyden francis dana who accom panied john adams as secretary lo the embassy received in 1781 the appoint ment of minister plenipotentiary to rus sia and took john quincy adams then iourteen years of age with him as his pri vale secretary here be remained till october 1782 when he left mr dana at st petersburgh and returned through ; sweden denmark hamburg and bre men to holland where he remained some months till bis lather took him to paris at the time of the signing of the treaty ol peace in 1783 from that time till 1785 he was with his father in england hol land and france daring the whole of which period he was a close student at tbe age of eighteen at his own re quest his father permitted him to rei urn to massachusetts where he entered har vard university arid was graduated in 1787 wiih distinguished honors soon al ter leaving college he entered the cilice of the cele-hrated theophilus parsons af terwards chief justice of massachusetts where he remained the usual period of three years in the study ofthe law when he entered the profession and established himself at boston in 1794 gen washington appointed him resident minister to the united neth erlands from that period till 1801 he was in europe employed in diplomatic business and as a public minister in hol land england and prussia just as gen washington was retiring from office he appointed mr adams minister plenipoten | i tiary to the court of portugal while on ' i his way to lisbon he received a new com mission changing his destination to ber lin during his residence of about three years and a half at berlin he concluded an important commercial treaty with prussia — thus accomplishing the object of i bis mission he was recalled near the \ close of his father's administration and arrived in his native country in septem j ber 1801 in 1802 he was chosen by the boston i district to the senate of massachusetts and soon after was elected by the legis lature a senator in congress for six years ; from march 3 1803 he remained in the senate of the united states until 1808 when he resigned while in the senate he received the appointment of professor of rhetoric in harvard university an of fice which he filled wiih distinguished ability . in 1809 he was appointed by president madison envoy extraordinary and minis ; ter plenipotentiary to the court of russia where he rendered ihe most important ser ; vices to his country by his influence with that court he induced russia to of fer her mediation between great britain and the uniied states in the war of | 1812 ; and when the proper time had ar 1 rived he was placed by president madi : son at the head of five distinguished com missioners to negotiate a treaty of peace which was concluded at ghent in 1814 mr adams was then associated with mr ; clay and mr gallatin to negotiate a corn commercial convention with great brit ain and was forthwith appointed minister plenipotentiary to the court of st james while in europe in 181 1 he received the appointment of associate justice ot lhe supreme court of the united states which he declined afier remaining in'england till the close of president madison's administration he was called home and placed by president monroe at the head ofthe department of state where he remained eight years in 18-25 he was chosen by the house of representatives president of the united stales for the term of four years on leaving tin presidency in 1829 he relum ed to his native place in""massachoseits and in 1821 he was elected a member of ihis house and by the free suffrages of the people litis been continued in tliat of iice to ihe day ol his dealh this is but a hasty and imperfect enu meration of the public stations which have been filled by my late lamented colleague oi the manner in which he hasdischarg ; ed these public trusts it is not necessary for me to speak suffice it to say that his long eventful life has been devoted to the public service and the ability and fidelity with which he has discharged every duty are known and acknowledged throughout he nation his lame is also blended with his country's history that it will live when all the frail monuments of art shall have crumbled into dust by his death the coun try has lost a pure patriot science an ar il nt votary and the cause of human free dom a devoted friend but it is not as a public man merely ihat we are to contemplate mr adams — in private walks of life " where tired dis simulation drops the mask and man ap pears as he really is we find in him all those silent and social virtues which adorn the character his ardent love of justice his inflexible regard for truth his stern de votion to the cause of civil and religious liberty were blended with meekness so briety and charity but the crowning glory of his character was his devotion to the cause of his redeemer to that cause he was publicly dedica ted on the second day ol his earthly exist ence and throughout a jong life he man ifested a firm belief in divine revelation and a calm trust in that being who rules among the nations and spreads the mantle of his love over his dependant children but he is gone the places that have known him will now know him no more forever this instance of mortality at once so peculiar and so painful admon ishes us of the uncertainty of life and teaches us so to number our days that we may apply our hearts unto wisdom v o tender to his afflicted family our heartfelt sympathy and assure them that a nation's tears will be mingled with theirs and while we look for consolation to the wisdom and goodness of an over-ruling providence we would affectionately com mend them to that gracious being who has revealed himself as the father of the fatherless and the widow's god and friend mr hudson concluded by offering the following resolutions : resolved that diis house lias h«*ard wiih lh deepest sensibility of the death in this cap itol of john quixcv adams a member of ihe house from the state of massachusetts resolved thai as a testimony of respect for the memory of this distinguished statesman the . officers and members of the house will wear the usual badge nf mourning and attend the fu neral in this hail on saturday next at twelve o'clock resolved that a committee be appointed lo superintend the funeral solemnities resolved that the proceedings of this house in relation to the death of john quincy adams he communicated to the family of the deceased by ihe clerk resolved that this house as a furlher mark of respect tor the memory of the deceased d adjourn to saturday next the day appointed lor the funeral several other members spoke in high terms of the virtues of the deceased in the senate mr davis senator from mas sachusetts announced to that body the . death of mr adams and spoke of him in the highest terms ; as also mr denton after passing the usual complimentary i resolutions the senate immediately ad ! journed _______________________________ ______ —_—_—_, _______ i from the baltimore american the great taylor meeting in new york the new york courier of wednesday has a detailed account of lhe '* independent meeting of lhe friends of gen taylor held in that city ■■ on tuesday evening the hon judah ham mond presided assisted by forty-four vice pre sidents the courier says that military hall in lhe bowery — the building in which the meeting was organized — was so crowded lha another meeting was formed in lhe stieet of which a sydney doaue esq was chosen president the speakers at the street meetiag were g a halsey esq col bruen and oth ers soon after the organization of the meeting in the hall an address was read by james a van allen esq amid frequent bursts of applause the closing paragraph of the address is in ihese words : we do therefore nominate zichary taylor the hero of buena vista as our candidate for , lhe presidency ; — and we call upon the inde pedendenl electors of all parties upon all who regard lhe good of the couniry as paramount lo all schemes for party success to join the . ranks of lhe people's party and to rally lo the suppoit of the peoples candidate a w claxson jr esq offered the follow ing preamble and resolutions which after speeches had been made by ihe hon w m cost johnson of maryland and col baker of illinois were adopted without a dissenting voice : whereas the peculiar state of our national affairs being ihat the highest interest ol the people require ihat the ollice of chief magis trate shall be filled iiy a man of unquestionable integrity and freedom from all sectional pre judices and partizan obligations : and ihat since the last presidential election many unlocked for evenls of great national importance have had the effect lo destroy lhe old party distinctions which then divided the people and to create lhe necessity for new men and new measures ; and that lhe people of all parties and of every section ofthe country have manifested by un mistakable indication a desire lo place a man in the presidential chair who shall be the pres ident for the nation not the mere tool of a par ly ; therefore resolved that gen zaebary taylor we hail ihe man for the crisis and the favorite of the people that we have entire confidence in his honesty pat riot isn and ability and therefore earnestly recommend him to lhe people of this state and of lhe united slates for lhe of flee of president resolved thai gen taylor is entitled to the gratitude and highest gifts of the people of the united slates for the renown which he has , confered upon the american name by lhe gab lantrv prudence humanity and eminent wis dom displayed by him in leading our army from victory to victory resolved that the conslant successes which have attended every engagement of our army with the mexicans are owing as much lo the spiiit given lo our soldiers and the fear inlused into the enemy by lhe first distinguished achiev ments of our troops under lhe lead of gen lay lor as to their own bravery and induniilable perseverance resolved that it is not for his great milila ry talents alone that the people have selected general taylor as the man of iheir choice tbr lhe next president but because he has display ed those high and noble qualities of head and heart which win the love and confidence ofthe people and give ihe best assurances of his ca paciiy to fill the duties ofthe office to which we desire to see him elevated with honor to himself and benefit to the nation resolved that a committee of ten be op pointed by lhe chairman of this meeting u transmit lo gen taylor a copy of these reso lutions and preamble and to communicate to him the wishes of this meeting henry clay in new york an immense ma-s meeting f the friends ol mr clay was held at castle gardes new york on thursday night henry grinnell pre sided assisted l.y a number of vice piesidents and addresses were d livered by messrs hone hoxie selden greely and others mr hone in opening lhe meeting said : — phil inq i he object ol the meeting lo night is i our brother whigs throughout the union know how h a*,er sua here j he rf ot sew lork when meetings oi our fellow citizens arc called together we are not to be lold ih.it it was unparalleled impudence to object lo lhe nomination of gen taylor now we do ob ject to bis nomination we do not object to the man \\ e objeel lo him because we think we have a belter man l it should be consid ered otherwise we ail stand pledged and i pledge myself that when fairly represented by a proper convention and a proper organiza tion if the decision should l.e otherwise we will stand by ii cheers if that decision should be i.m our candidate so much lhe better — but if lor genera taylor i pledge myself iu ad vance to support him the following resolutions were adopted : whereas the near approach ol the lime when lhe people of lhe united slates wiil he called upon to elect a new president renders it proper that they should meet in their primary assemblies to confer with each other compare opinions aud preferences and give utterance lo their honest convictions therefore it is resolved that we the whigs of the citv oi new york regard henry clay of ken lucky as the most eminent champion ot our cherished principles ; we confide in him as a statesman admire bim as a patriot and love hirn as a man and believe him the finest ofall men to lead ihe whig array in the great con test now swiftly approaching resolved that lhe public life and services of henry clay dining lhe last half century and we trust not yet near their termiaauou afford to the poor and friendless youth of america a most cheerful encouragement and striking example ; and we point lhe young men of our land to that lite antl to that universal respect and general admiration with which our great leader is now regarded as affording the fullest evidence ibat virtue and irue patriotism although ihey not always ensure success and raise lo lhe most exalted station are not yet certain lo be re warded wiih that which gives lo success iis highest zest and to station its only just value resolved thai in war and in peace in congress and in the cabinet as a debater and a diplomatist henry clay has for the last thir ty years stood unsurpassed among the stales men of america and we cannot understand how any man should be willing to vote lor any whig as a whig vet be unwilling to vole lor henry clay resolved that lhe whigs of new york are neither afraid nor ashamed lo avow full ihe principles and objects f..r which ihey have so ardently and untiringly struggled and while ihey desire success in die ensuing contest they would value it mainly as an evidence ofthe ad vance ol popular intelligence with regard to public policy and lhe science of government and as affording them opportunity to give prac tical efficacy to their cherished arms and con victions resolved that lhe eminent and arduous ex ertions *.! henry clay iu behalf of the greal cause of human liberty throughout the world — his early and powerful advocacy of a public recognition of the independence oi i greece and of lhe south american republic — his thrilling appeals to bis country men in behalf of the star ving people of unhappy ireland and lhe well known generosity and magnanimity ol his na ture give him strong claims to the affection and gratitude of our fellow citizens who have fled fiom despotism and want iu europe to lib erty and plenty in america and we have rea son to believe that those claims wiil not be dis regarded in ibe coming contest resolved that we regard the late speech of mr clay at lexington in exposure to ibe causes character and objects of lhe present war on mexico as among lhe noblest and most patriotic efforts of tbe real and true man who ' would rather be right than be pre sident resolved that the simple lactthat the hon e-ii expression of convictions adverse to the justice and o lhe further prosecution ot this war on mexican soil is denounced as unpatriotic and censurable tends to exhibit iu a strong light lhe icompatibilily of aggressive war wiih the preservation of human freedom and we do most earnestly trust that our country will never engage in another war of invasion and conquest resolved that while henry clay is em phatically our choice for next president a we believe he is that of a majority of the people of lhe union and we mean to do all in our power lo secure his nomination we yet avow our un equivocal intention to await and be governed by ihe choice of ihe whig national conven tion ; and we a-k in common justice that the friends of other whig candidates shall meet us in a kindred spii it resolved that we earnestly request the whi-js of this state to meet in lhe several cities and towns without delay and express lhe pre ferences of a candidate f*.r lhe presidency and we recommend ihat in selectien of delegates to the national convention the respective con gresional di-uicts should give a decided ex pression cf their preference bktting.-a georgia negro was riding a mule along and came to a bridge when the mule stopped -- i'll bet you a quarter said jack l*ll make you go ober dis bridge and with that he slruck the mule over lhe ears which made him nod his head suddenly u you take de bet den said lhe negro and contrived io get the stubborn mule over the bridge '• i won dat quarter an how said jack but how will you get your money ?" said a man who had been close by unperceived u to-morrow said jack *■• massa gib me a dollar to get corn and i takes de quarter out the cast iron plow a bill has recently passed the senate of the united states and is now pending in the house of representatives to extend the patent of jetliro wood for seven years which he obtained in 1311 and renewed in 1819 claiming to bare invented the cast iron plowshare this bill proposes to grant to the heirs ol jethro wood the priveiege of exacting fifty cents from the manufacturer lor every cast iron plow made in the united sates for seven vears after tbe passage ofthe said bill as tin re are about four millions of far mers and planters at present in the uni ted states as each w id require on an average at least one plow every tour years bis priveiege would be worth half million of dollars annually all of which would be taken from i be harj earnings of the farmer and planter and wbat makes the mattter more unjust is lhai the inter feres ofthe heirs of wood have been pur chased for a mere song : thus nearly the whole benefit of it will in ore to a'com pany of greedy speculators but jethro wood as 1 shall proceed to show was not tin original inventor of um cast iron plowshare nor did he ever im prove the plow in the slightest decree be was consequently entitled to no merit in this tbing and much less lo a patent : ami bad the tact been known bv ihe com missioner of patents in im 1 be would not bave granted bim one or renewed it in 1819 neither would t united states court bave confirmed him in it after it had been granted ll.e cast lon plowshare was invented by robert ransom of ipswich england and he obtained a patent l.r it in 17 twenty-nine years before jethro wood ob tained bis the cast iron plow with the share and mould board in two parts was kept for sale by peter t cut tenius in this city as early as 1800 : and in use in this neighborhood jethro wood undoubtedly obtained bis knowledge ol the cast iroii share from one or the oilier of ihese for tbe cast iron plow as a whole and in separate parts will he found ligured and described in almost every encyclopedia and work on agricultural implements published in great jjritian since 1790 these works soon found their way into the united states and it can be proved by the testimony of the intimate iriends of jeihro wood that he was familiar with these publications the history ofthe cast iron plow and improvements are simply this james small a scotchman constructed a cast lion plow on true mechanical principles as early as 1740 and was ibe first inventor of the cast-iron share in 17s5 an english farmer in tbe couniy of suffolk invented the cast iron land side shortly after so that as early as 1790 the cast iron plow complete in three distinct parts was well known and in u**e in great britain and ligured and described in near ly every work of any value since publish ed on tbe subject of plows and agricultu ral implements without any knowledge of these im provements of tbe ca-t iron plow in en gland charles newbold ol new jersey aboui the year 1790 took up the plow with a view of improving it in tin united states on the 17th of june 1797 be ob tained a patent for t cast iron plow skeleton in one piece complete subse quently be mule bis plow - \\ ith a cast-iron mould board and laml side and attached a wrought iron share lo ir shortlv after this ik siill often sp '.<■ of farther impro ving bis plow by substituting the cast iron share hut having spent upwards of 830 000 in bis improvements and efforts to in troduce it into use in tin united states and elsewhere be got discouraged and gave up the business peter t curtenius as stated above kept the cast iron plow lor sale iu this city tbe share ami mot hoards in sepa rate parts as early as 1800 wbo was j the manulacturer of these i am unable to | learn in iso i think david peacock of new jersey obtained a patent for a plow ihe i mould board and of east iron [ and in separate pai - treof wrought iron steel-edged h mr new bold's plow in part and or the privi of which be ],;*.. i i :;. j in 1>1 1 jethro \ a patent for a plow tbe mould board land-side and share in three pans ai iron he was familiar with newbold's and pea cock's plows and his was a bungling im itation of theirs and nol near so perfect in form and construction as ibe old roth erham plow which bad been iii use in great britain upwards of seventy years before ever woo i obtained bis patent it is said that lb cast iron plow in three parts viz : mould board land side and share was in u in virginia previ ous to l'-h and that wood was aware of it with these facts before ihem lhe puh lic will now see bow great an injustice it would be for congress to extend the pa tent of jethro wood and give his heirs or rather a company of greedy speculators the privilege for seven years of exacting fifty cents per plow from every one enga ged in their manufacture i hope these facts will be widely dis seminated by the press throughout the united states : h>r the hard working far mers an i planners ought lo !><• inmmedi atelv apprized of what so vitally concerns them as the bill is still pending before the house til representatives let ail those opposed io injustice and special privileges lake pains to cail ibe attention of every member to the subject so that the iniqui tous measure mav be defeated a ii allev a letter from washington in the phil n american av — m mr clay ■ i i risil pbila phia dorinir lhe ensuing week and fier remain in there lor ei_;'it or ten days will wend his way homeward by balliin • :.*. resting at pius burg to comply with an engagement