i ■ ;...'. ..•,,'<. ptlll o white salisbury n c.....tck8day dbcembeh 5 1826 vol vii m 889 to manure il well bm likewise to pul vetise i bv reilerated ploughing and bar rowing if the same process were adop led here no duilbl some o lhe grasses would euosv io much advantage : and in ibis belief theory is supported by facts notwithstanding the almost iiiicxum pled drought l the past summer sever al trass lots iu this vicinity bore a lolera blv good crop anil if you should inquire what preparation ihev received irom the plough and harrow and with manure and compare the statement wills some courses ol preparation for a similar crop which arc recommended and practised by northern fanners the difference would perhaps surprize vou and vou would be willing to ascribe our failure at lc.i-.ta nnn li io imperfect tilth as to the inhu ence of an ungenlal climate this ra nice bnvs vci can be adopted only by farmers who cultivate grain ex clnsively and reir live stock on plantations where cotton is cxten sivcly cultivated there is no leisure al ihe proper seasons for lhe pursuit of such a system oilier means therefore nmsi be resulted to by lhc planter lo invigorate his giound ; and happily he is not desti tutc of resources if he shall bui dulv ap preciale and properly manage lhe oil i of his crops and other substances easily available il has been shown by the in telligent and lone experienced author ol ai-.itor nuw no more lhal corn besides affording a plenteous and wholesome nutriment to man anil domestic animals likewise returns io the soil mure suslc nar.ee than any olher crop every pan which is not used as food may be conver ted into manure by a liule trouble we wii take it for granted lhal evei v pl.ntet keeps a sufficient s'ock of cuttle for the supply of his family in hose nicies they afford fur his comfort humanity and in tcrest both reipiiic that ihey should be pruned nnd fed in ihis climate ordinarily at least four months in the year muiiog ibis time of course much manure nnv be accumulated in the pens and ir ibe barn yard and stables if .. due quantity of provender shall have been s.orcd up for their use should be dispensed with pucli i con siller all lhe inteiioi fences which usually are found dividing and subdividing plan t.iiions exiept sui h as separate permanent pasture or the luls abnu the homestead from adjacent cultivated fields the practice of using hubble and stall fields for pastures dtiringtbc ruiinnn and fall probably introduced i u.e fa many division fences a sve irequenilv see deforming ihe besuiy of a hn fami : and il is so general ihat i shall probably encounter in censuring it thi adverse opinion of some planters of regulation us i know sin h who stiil ucthers bill mil withstanding the increasing cavity ol limber wbu li alone sboul admonish ihem of its ilisadv in e s.aie of things wc cannot doubt its ex is'clire il has been induced by lhe operation of slave laboui and the prevalence ol ihc . uitmus system of ugriculiuic which ch.r.eteri.rd all and continues io cha a terise a greal portion of ihc southern suite such and even worse is the in evitable fate of all the coiton and tobacco country especially where a sparse popu lain n and i im ei ca bom market tend io darken tbe pi lure of futurity t anil unless a tilneli change obtains in our y:tein of husbandry wc shall be driven by due necessity to forsake the land ol nur fathers and lhe scenes ol early and happy associations to seek a kinder soil ic is im perhaps brhuul us an aged parent l'he sail historian oi ihe pensive plain to us pertains the pleasing task nf co operating wiih other societies to remove mm he science and practice oi sgricul hue be prejudii cs ul defects whici nrc i nriiis wilh improvement j to collect md diiseminnte useful facts ; to aid in introducing bv our example a be ter sys rm nnd thus to sou ihr " hastening ills whih impend nm iclivr land we undertook ibe business unassisted and spontaneously i i now since out legislature has proffered her parental care lo luster tbe infant societies of lho slate and stimulated 5 we 0u;d.l lo be bv lhe success which has rronued the ef foi s of some others we shall be unjust to out selves cruel lo our posterity and suffei our association o cxpiie or to favifstii covning & co i ism rcoeived hs he late arrivals iln * i mual fall shocv of british india french and domestic r .,, , f the ',.', stern ' arolinian are s i i de limn 1 except at the option , mm until ii arrearag i are paid ar ti ., menli will be inserted at fifty centd i.ietinlie first insertion and twenty-fivei lef.er a.ldre md lu tl.e k.ditnr nu.t bej '.. i.l.n by m:r conns comprising a v ry extensive ulortment and for ale bs th package or piece 1 reasonable terms ' hailetlon ' a 11 ibm dissolution ol cojmrtnfership ililf copartnehhlrft liererlafdre e.isiii.r m i , i n c under thi fn-nof ' oimtr and wilton and in cheraw under be firm of wilton and ' enner are by on mutual consent ihiadav diwolved l'he biisincs ol ihef'lii.ilei ton concern nil be attended tn by ii iv hon oer 1 and the atr.i s ofthe chei sw estsblishmi nt will be closed by william j wllwini lowborn ihos indebted lo thai concern ure desired 1 make li idi.te pay nl . nd for which pur poseb tho parties have compclertl powers ill niiy iv conner the injury resulting 1mm ibis practice is in ii operslion something like in in direcl las ; whilst the advantages th,ugh less permanont are more obvious initio thriving condition of our entile und r are ihu ic.l into ihe delusion ol pi ifi ting .. sis - rn which piocu.es l.c moil iuiiiii.li .'. profit regardless of iis ulti ma - injury ■*. field ot luxuriant cr.di griss i3 so templing ui.it few ..... ahstain from id ling ih-ir collie j..v ii il a division fence enables them o .'..-.., b prone ing in ad ii ii li-bj 1 on o co ion ii lhen we find the temptation irresiati hie although we ale i unvoiced of its in jurlous tendency w should al nine in crease th • imtai tl by removing he fenci which protects whati insvnig in the adjoining field for the practice of keeping cattle in hie fields late in the fall or duringthe whole winicr ihc same ix use cannol be offered vet we freq.;:n'ly see them wandering among naked corn sulks searching in vain lor a sc mv subsistence tramping the giound so kid as in lender it impervious to the tain and frost of winter ; and al last turned oul in the spiing miserable victims of famine to perish in a bog » hi her they are attracted by ine nnusual sight o a lew ill's of grass to consummate the cou.se ol folly thr fields thus ii lhe firsi place robbed of ihc verdure which nature de signed to restore in si.n.e dcgiec their ilost strength nnd next ti mped so hard as it br impcnctrablo c he plough arc left untouched bv ihat valuable nnplc mr.nl till planting time arrives : then as nothing « a done in due season every thing iiuisl 0c lone in ., lis . ibere is no time foi flusiiing with a two-horse plough nut a single horse bar shear or sliov.-l plough completes ihe preparation by throwing two or at best tbice furrows logetber and hie planting follows midst clods wilh scarcely loose soil enough to cover tbe corn address end before the lio,ian agricultural socle , at iis annual meeting in sal'ibbury on the november 1856 by maj joun ba.nn icrstary ofthe society wm 1 wii son v - to 11 ', 41 4x1 notice rimfcaiibteriberwill row c thc tin <■ ■:■ i orocerj and . mmit.ion bimhm in cheraw inin own name and foi hi a count ai i ut ion market i'reel . where ' -.-......'. to .. ceo i.k nana suppli of ',„:.,,. ,,.•!,' i in auxiliary to agricultural soeie iic american farmer a paper pub il ai baltimore by jno.s skinner esq ivedly occupies a pre eminent rank uf ibis paper in ■.: i they extend over rnlctlcracv ti . lo rural affairs series u ■ l,|.'...srr : become useful ti.n'.ributions ploughman who wit i . llatuie she i.-li .■. .: ill fall ana win.vr gooiia whi li hi ill be prepared lo sell al r ' cu prices for eash or country produce irvm i 11 il min ' '.' ■ i i".'fv * i s\v\u of js'ottvi-catoviaa lotifiir to ciironr the imhsrilti.ai of tha iiim..ui i noilt'1 i'.kllux is'a linger out a few years of obscurity and uselessness some may ascribe lhe increasing rmi geniion from this slate lo the enticements nf an exuberant soil to the restlessness of man or to thr all subduing passu n avarice : these doubtless have ihelr influ once ; bul to a tempi to trace the over fl wing current lo hese sources alone would he i . a \ an ignorance of tho moral sentiments oi m in no : look si the sad spectacles in your streets lhc half-clad families that croud youi ro.nls thr children reckless of their fate following wi '. youthful met limciit the mou.ulul footstrps of ihcir parent ask ihe hoary headed sue 20 oco t>ot.t,&.hs braving •■• commence in hillsborough on the he monday in ■ v - ____■ s**.l]el 1 . j m ijh j . '^| mm •.■">______________________________] i k immm 40 i ■ h *■ gso.ooo 10,00a 5,000 2,000 3,000 iinl 5,000 3.600 4,0,10 2 00 5 00 jo.uoo ". 10 the ni to point ii defects our bugrest ihcir remedies i common and sinking v"7 '■ ullure of tliis part of the be m ntioned lhe great and timber in making un m r ■!..-, mdihealmosl total inat hi . manures and lo a rotation ol i'ii.ii system of farming only can n^fcrt which extracts frum ibe i i]u.litily produce of yielding without mode of elteciing ibis j'.uin nl the aglicul iuu , methods have been i una who have devo - nn in lo sub nil linn of ial nr grasses from deteriorating w',i manure bul 1 i >', 1 that not m has mm^zxz x induced ihem whole rucli land manure la indispensable i lbuii ivbicb'.i vet in rood bean i bjj^is little doubt of lhe truth of for ibis suggestion 1 pre mk,riginaliiy ; mv object is inerr ubviale or 0 ions to modify an ob in whicli is use illy made lo il vin our climate is not favorable lo mentioning ihe ground on v id ,, ii dicjted biui ciiuiuc i l.ss congenial to the humid atmosphere ,. t . ui u.i irniabb i epprnr in me lhe difference 10 hk.liru liasl.ceii.iiu.h cxaggel'u uiif.li experiment : a field oiii.inally fertile is f mill tubal cotioo h-ir^k i till ii will nu i . f i i i would propose the following plan which is cheap and simple and proluhli ha already been lamiliar to many of you ctamlnduetdhlnitii the vfli/e ol lifer to yoiiu i'm-es > j us t iels i i 10 fi to o land uf strangers rending ihr 14,001 blanks s ■•' i dollar is 11 430 lie of early friendship and forsaking he a - «< "•'' blank '■'.'• '*'*' • scenes uf youthful endearments and wj^l-wj zzz zzla num above all the spot consecraied bv ibe ,.' ,„. .,__,___[ „;„,,,. win el 1 il t'.'/ti ashes of iiii kioslic.l h ill ll vnu noihor ih t he adhered toil wilh an infaiiiated i stationary prima follow , attechment till p-vertj deprived him oh the last oiiawn ricki l on rm his last servant and affection for hi krtt day will bo entitled to a i'nzo el r*x progeny compelled him to go in quest l vhi-diuv 500 u more fruitlul soil to some of the trilui j fnurtn , u j jo i tarles of the great father of waters kfthday ' s00 let us lhen this day renew our pledges sixth lay *«* to support with redoubled energy the seven idsy 00 cause of rrlcul.ur.1 improvement tol jsg coniribuie ou iftms lo stay the waves ol , i | m |, vi j o emigration by inn during an smellora eleventh day l.'oo ting system of husbandry and thus con twelfth day 1,000 veiling he progressive picture ofdil.oi !™^" n hd.y 1.000 ilaiion and decay which our ... a . togh j *££*$** g tocxh.bii into a rich anil cheerlul land _, xt , t i v , s.ooo scape into a home which will bc lhe re j seventeenth dav i 000 „„, i undue nib lav s0.00o of love ofjov of pe.ee nd plenty where ! i*h ; res of h-rn w»w £ *• h.el supporting and supported poli,h'.l friend "" ' yjj * j and dear rclaiion nongie min du ■ |) , ya ,,. ,„ ,,,. a „,- ,,„. hu[ik , i - maternal instruction ufi ihe completion ol the drawing object tha man is happy who i.taught 7azz777zzzzzzz.z z z from the cradle nothing which he mult .„ mp |,,„„, „, the drawing will be i idored inlearn wlien hc comes io riper years ( , forfeited to the ui i iln it is die bubv nonsense ol the nursery ol i ' klllt.''«n™..i.»t lhc liai.v nonscn ililuborough april 182o u-n enters into the character 01 tne _ mun | but when so g oil and wise a j n „. ._,,,,, r thi north carolina public being as a well educaied nv ther pre l re.nect'ully invited to th lor k n k scheme si.ie over i,e incipient stage ? i in z;zzzzzzz7z'7'7!.z'zzz rant thought the child is lur on in the h „.„, mv ,„„„. ,.,„ .„._ .,.,■„., ur ce hiol road ol knowledge and w.s.lom nil name alone nf th gc-nilei has i„,,y b true ihat there have been opinio^et „ comm^une^.n c num men who have ovetcome a li.ul inl.int m |||( . ,.,;,.„,.., „.-„,, v _„_._, ;, ,. ,,, i i , , i„t n ur j bill they have been lew : a ll « i wa the historic eaning of i lh z j , fa fubleofhercnles strangling the python f . hi r ui , , ., .. ,,,,,, ,, in the cradle the tale of the nur.e rv prated by nflectionntc ignorance v xx\x jvo.u'e are the worst ol serpents they reach nsino a ■''••"»"']" >' h ' zzz'zzz ihe heart and the brain in ihe lirilaby nnd leave their poison lorever i o r , forward i k s il ... .... .. out hy overcome ihese evils is worthy ol an ,„„,, ,,„«,, by note of band ipothetli the minstrel of every xz^zzzzzzzzz age have sung the power the charms jfy ml „, , ..,.,. . and the character ol wo k st rc.wvr.n til m -. the icidbil i ihr has '....!, ,...., s v n,i .,(,. 4.4 if practicable have your rowpens on a level site convenient lo thc barn ; iu hcsc sheds mav be i reeled of forks ant pules covered or thatched cither wilh strasv or com tops to protect the cattle from the severity of winter convenient to the pens put up fodder house as bey are called in the usual way for saving tops and shucks und let all the shucks lops and if practicable lhc stalks be hauled j hither previous to penning ihe cattle in lhe fall haul in leaves and other trash till a thick layer is formed over the ground ; and at intervals during lhe win | ler when other operation are suspended by bad weather continue hauling in leaves and oilier litter sufficient lo absurd ' the water in the pens which renders lhe | cuttle uncomfortable the dry leaves from the woods arc worthless of ihem selves but they are capable ol absorbing muchi and thus preserve ihe soluble part ofthe manure which would otherwise be j to those who pursue this miserable system if system it con be called the past season afforded a salutary admoni tion i torn which had linen planted in the islovt-nlt manner described soon lus i.s i health bur , whilsl lhal which wa plan ei in ground thai had been flushed in the fall or winter continued growing and notwithstanding the sevrriiy of the drought produced a pretty good crop there nie oilier objection to division lence : they require much timber and time to make rails for them lo haul and pin ihem up and annually some addiiiou of lime to repair iheni and clean oul their corners ; bcsiiics depriving us of the use ofthe ground they cover and . space on each side which is inaccessible to the plough and is usually occupied by briare weed and bushc in thc spring previous to turning out j ihe cattle thc lliati i may bc thrown from [ lhc sheds and mingled wiih lhe other manure ; or il may bc reserved lu be bet ler rotted by fall any one who hud never tried ibis melhod would be surprized bi the quand iy of compost manure that might bc ihu cull : lot during wlmei i have made one experiment of ibe kind ; and although i was done under great disadvantages ibe result wbs en coiiraging und juslifie iis recommends ' u ,, i ml eis i s t..n seed ate ly sumc j said io be a good manure i never tried iheni ex lusivelyi bul from ihe hide observation 1 base had ol ihem arc inclined to think their fertili t zing effects are loo evanescent to be val uable by themselves bul il mixed with i ihei nutter and permitted to ferment i they might perhaps be more durable im their benefits lf the time annually consumed by sum useless objects were devoid lo the col lection of m.nure and turning undei with the plough grass weeds and stub ble we should derive irom 0111 land more null profit and al lhe same lime enhance its value f i'll ii manured old is more produnive than newly cleared giound i well eslab lisoed ; and ii i equally clear ib.it lhl formei - cultivated iih less labour and i ss injury iu tools :— yet wiih these facts before us too l.miv persist in the miserable practice ol wearing out one field and dialing another i a practice which has impoverished and imost do populated much of the once fairest re cious ol the old southern suite and the effects ol which are forcibly lllnstrbled hv iho cheapness ol land inbome dismcts 1 which wcr once a iconic as garden \ writer in slate numbei ul the amer ' i „ i parmer stairs thut w.ibin 20 miles of baltimore the 3d city in the union in any due lion a farm of from 80 to loo acres of land with all necessary building can be bought far from 400 to r500 ! when wc consider the many local ad vantages of such a situation and ns ea«y communication with a number oi good market near ut hand the btbtemeiil seems inc edible ; yel if wc . xlend oul kyieff o be c.'.'se which prujui.d such a wood ashes i un excellent maii'ive on some soils acltng boil iiiiliiuiii illy and chymfeally very considerable quand lies might be annually collected on our plantations for nrgroe unl'iss strictly watched and prohibited consume much wood even during the summer months i ihlnk it would be richly wc/ih the ex m,,i this capal monuum villi ibe plough and harrow suws ll wilh small grain and grass seed ihe consequence follows tbui be scarcely derive from lhe crop of grain a return cl seed and lho glass doe not vegelalc at alii or i.liuol up a lew scattered clusters where per chance the decaying ol a slump haslefia rich mould a pregnant bill neglected bint with a martyr blood i pen b 10 erect stone or brick pens for the reception of the ashes coin enienl lo lhe kitchen and negro hou bui this manure like thai of the s lable.i i more i frequently a nuisance than a source of profit to the planter ; the me is permitted j to deface ills yards with unsightly heaps ; j ibe other io lie corrodii.ig the walls of his barn or stables instead of enriching ins impoverished fields auxiliary io the manuring system al'.unntcess.ry fences l tier voice the pan mi's heart bus heel li her spiril glossed n haul fn id her courage ire 1 ..: '<">.: i thecspllvc broodiiiu o'ei lib do m i herfsith die fallen t and vcd i uor love ihe tyrant's fury braved bul it is only 1 moral and chris tinn philosopher who placrt her n di vinity i-i thi nursery ttalatc i.v u>m mfttftftn nlum i.'k'ii oul lell.1 .. > i on tin dan ol ii w c • 1 ljl 1 jiowsn county dec'd i de ' - lebted in nl late mak in men and ii who han lain . requeued lo bring ll ard i i i biijenl i,i ih legal time oi ' t ""■" i be pled in ba ollbei i cry a ll jon i ../ mockcjdle .'...' ml '-*'• s m such an experiment would be absurd in • be most favoured grass region of the north even there under the admitted btl vantage of climate in preparing a piece ol land for grass which is intended toproducr ll crop foi i be sci lhc and the n lobe i ed i-uu . il.cy dixiait neco dj