Biennial report North Carolina Department of Agriculture

              THE LIBRARY OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF
NORTH CAROLINA
THE COLLECTION OF
NORTH CAROLINL^NA
C63O.6
N8a
1970/72
UNIVERSITY OF N.C. AT CHAPEL HILL
00033953785
FOR USE ONLY IN
THE NORTH CAROLINA COLLECTION
Form No. A-368
Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2011 with funding from
Ensuring Democracy through Digital Access (NC-LSTA)
http://www.archive.org/details/biennialagric19701972nc
biennial report
north Carolina
department of agriculture
1970-1972
^
biennial report
north Carolina
department of agriculture
1970-1972
James a. graham, commissioner
John I. reitzel, deputy
f. carlyle teague, editor
raleigh, n. c.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Board of Agriculture 3
Letter of Transmittal 4
General Administration 7
Board Meeting Highlights 10
Personnel 18
Publications Division 19
Credit Union Division 21
Office of Fiscal Management and Administrative Services ... 25
Personnel 26
Accounts 27
Farmers Market 39
The State Fair 42
Office of Agribusiness and Public Services 45
Personnel 46
Food Distribution Division 51
Markets Division 60
Museum of Natural History 91
Research Stations Division 100
Soil Testing Division 116
Statistics Division 120
State Warehouse Fund 124
Office of Consumer Services 127
Personnel 128
Chemistry Division 137
Dairy Division 158
Entomology Division 162
Seed Testing Division 175
Structural Pest Control Division 179
Veterinary Division ^ 184
Weights and Measures Division 196
Gasoline and Oil Inspection Division 197
V
NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF AGRICULTURE /"//jf "^^^
June 30, 1972
James A. Graham, Commissioner
Ex-Offic io Ch a irm an
F. Carlyle Teague, Secretar-y
^ Atwell Alexander James L. Sutherland Fred N. Colvard
Stony Point Laurinburg Jefferson
Claude T. Hall
Roxboro
George P. Kittrell Charles F. Phillips
Coraptahc Thomasville
I. Hawley Poole
West End
Henry Gray Shelton David Townsend, Jr.
Speed Roivland
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL
November 15, 1972
To his Excellency
ROBERT SCOTT, Governor
Raleigh, North Carolina
Dear Governor Scott:
In compliance with Article III, Section 7 of the Constitution,
I herewith submit the report of the Commissioner of Agriculture
for the biennium 1970-1972.
Respectfully yours,
JAMES A. GRAHAM
Commissioner
::90tfS\..
James A. Graham
Commissioner of Agriculture
John L. Reitzel
Deputy Commissioner of Agriculture
BIENNIAL REPORT
OF THE
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
By James A. Graham
Corrimissioner of Aginculture
The 1970-72 biennium has been a busy and important one for
the North Carolina Department of Agriculture.
In addition to the agricultural and consumer services programs
which have been carried out by the department for many years,
other new fields were entered.
Among the most important was the passage of the pesticide
use law in 1971. This important legislation is a complement to the
registration laws administered in the past by the Analytical
Division.
Under the new pesticide board, the department has broad
responsibility to control the use of pesticides in the state. The
work of this area is just beginning to move and will be very im-portant
in the future.
The public has become increasingly aware of the activity of
the department in consumer services areas and as they do, the
requirements have increased. This is to the advantage of the
public and the effectiveness of the programs.
It is the fond hope of the department that its activity can gear
itself to meet the changing needs of the state and constantly strive
to do the kind of job needed in all areas of responsibility.
As has been the case in much of state government, the NCDA
has shifted personnel and positions to best get the job done.
In the process of this reorganization, the 1971 General Assembly
found that the administration of state chartered credit unions
could be best handled under the new Department of Commerce.
The Credit Union Division has operated as a part of the NCDA
since its conception in the early 1900's. Legislation originally
introduced by John Sprunt Hill was designed to provide farmers
with reasonable financing. Today, however, credit unions are in
far greater use by non-farmers.
Added to the department's responsibilities is the North Caro-lina
Rural Rehabilitation Corporation. This organization finances
rural undertakings and enterprises through low interest loans. It
will be administered by the controller through the Office of Fiscal
Management.
8 N. C. Department of Agriculture
Internal reorganization was implemented in the spring of 1972.
Effective July 1, 1972 three new offices were established which
will oversee the duties of similar divisions. The Office of Agri-
Business and Public Service headed by an assistant commissioner
administers the Divisions of Food Distribution, Markets, Museum,
Research Stations, Soil Testing, Statistics and Warehouse. The
Office of Fiscal Management headed by the controller adminis-ters
the Divisions of Administrative Services, Farmers Market,
Rural Rehabilitation Corporation and the State Fair. The Office
of Consumer Services headed by an assistant commissioner
administers the Divisions of Analytical Chemistry, Dairy, Ento-mology,
Seed Testing, Structural Pest Control, Veterinary and
Weights and Measures.
The two assistant commissioners and the controller report to
the deputy commissioner who in turn reports to the Commissioner
of Agriculture.
This was followed in June, 1972 with a complete reorganization
of the Markets Division.
Personnel Changes
Several important personnel changes were affected during the
biennium.
Dr. James A. Bell, DVM was named State Supervisor of Meat
and Poultry Inspection following the resignation of Dr. R. R.
Miller, DVM. Dr. Bell had served as assistant supervisor since
April 1969.
Following the retirement of the late Cecil D. Thomas, Pat H.
Kelley was appointed Director of Research Stations. Kelley joined
the department in 1968.
W. V. Didawick retired as director of the Credit Union Division
after sixteen years of service. Joseph M. Jones, an eleven year
veteran with the division, succeeded him.
Agricultural Hall of Fame
The Agricultural Hall of Fame was dedicated February 23,
1967. This is an enshrinement honoring those who made out-standing
contributions to North Carolina agriculture during their
lifetimes.
On March 5, 1971 Alonzo Clay Edwards was enshrined. The
ceremony was held in the Hall of Fame Room located in the Agri-culture
Building.
Report for 1970-1972
—
Administrative 9
Edwards was a farmer and was instrumental in formulating
and steering numerous agricultural organizations to success.
Some of the more noteworthy were the Farm Bureau, Tobacco
Associates, the FCX, the 4-H Development Fund and the ASCS.
Commissioner of Agriculture's 4-H Award
The special award which was announced last biennium by
Commissioner Graham, the Agriculture Commissioner's 4-H
Award was continued.
The large impressive trophy is presented annually to the most
outstanding 4-H club boy in North Carolina.
The presentation was made during the State 4-H Club Congress
in July 1971 to Ronnie Armstrong of Tyrrell County. The recipient
in 1972 was David Palmer of Haywood County. Their names were
engraved on the large trophy and each received a small replica
to keep permanently.
State Board of Agriculture
The Board of Agriculture is the regulatory and policy making
body of the Department of Agriculture. Its membership currently,
and by long tradition, represents the finest kind of intelligent
agricultural leadership and dedicated public service.
The Board consists of ten members appointed by the Governor
for six-year terms of office. However, the law provides for stag-gered
terms, so that not all expire at one time, and requires that
the members shall be active farmers representing the major sec-tions
and types of agriculture in the state.
The multiplying problems of progress place commensurately
heavier burdens upon this Board. Regulatory provisions on which
they must pass increase in complexity and in number. The Board
members are all busy farmers and businessmen, active in many
civic affairs at community and state levels. Except for a nominal
pay for days actually in session or traveling on business for the
Board, their only compensation is the knowledge that they are
serving their state and their nation. Yet they give without stint
of their time and talents to the business of the Board not only in
formal sessions but in travel and other activities to further the
interests of the Department and North Carolina Agriculture.
During this biennium, the Board has spent 13 days in full
sessions. For many of the members this means from one and one-half
to two days away from their farms and businesses; and a
number of meetings have necessarily had to be held during their
10 N. C. Department of Agriculture
busiest season. In addition, members have had to spend time on
special committees appointed to work out details of transactions
to present recommendations to the full Board.
The following summary of matters brought before the Board
during the biennium gives some idea of the multitude and variety
of decisions which must be made by the Board of Agriculture.
This brief outline can give no real indication of how knotty and
time consuming are many of the matters on which they must act.
HIGHLIGHTS OF BOARD MEETINGS
1970-1972 Biennium
October 15, 1970
J. Atwell Alexander, G. E. Fisher, Claude T. Hall, George P. Kittrell, Charles
E. Phillips, Heywy Gray Shelton, James L. Sutherland, David Toivnsend, Jr.
Approved changes in seed corn regulations for 1971 sale to provide that
cytoplasm, identity must be shown on the label as a precaution against Race
"T," Southern Corn Blight.
Approved the 1969-70 NCDA audit.
Approved one year lease of six units at State Farmers Market to Mac's
Produce for $900.
Recommended to Council of State that 200 ft. right-of-way on Piedmont
Research Station be granted to Duke Power Company. State will receive
$8,079 from easement.
Recommended to Council of State that easement be granted to Highway
Commission on the Peanut Belt Research Station for $3,100.
Recommended purchase 25 acres adjacent to Rocky Mount Research Station
presently leased to John L. Wiggins on condition Wiggins some day sells his
farm. Action was taken subject to approval Attorney General, Property
Control Division and Council of State.
Approved referendum to be held December 4, 1970 for promotional purposes
by N.C. Apple Grower's Association, Inc.
November 9, 1970
J. Atwell Alexander, Claude T. Hall, Guy E. Fisher, George P. Kittrell, Charles
F. Phillips, J. H. Poole, Henry Gray Shelton, James L. Sutherland, David
Townsend, Jr., Fred N. Colvard.
In public hearing, suspended for one year registration of all economic poisons
manufactured by Sudbury Laboratories, Inc., Sudbury, Mass. due to company's
failure to properly register their products according to North Carolina law.
Amended regulations governing Beverage, Beverage Materials and Bottling
Plants to require use of 1/10 of 1 percent, sodium benzoate as preservative,
provided its presence and function is shown on the label.
Report for 1970-1972
—
Administrative 11
Heard reports on and discussed continued use of the pesticide parathion.
Urged voluntary limitation of parathion mixtures with other pesticides.
Amended regulations of the Vegetable Plant Law so that proper people
might be held responsible for substandard or mislabeled vegetable plants, as
to variety.
Approved a three year lease of four units at the State Farmers Market to
Dixon Tom-A-Toe Co. of Raleigh. Rent $450 a month.
Held public hearing to consider amending regulations to allow number four
cucumbers. The pi'oposal was defeated.
Voted to allow N.C. State Fair Manager Art Pitzer to continue, at his
discretion, to handle the fair and rental fees. He was instructed to consult the
legal staff and personnel to update system of charges for rental of facilities.
Board voted to suspend automobile racing at the State Fairgrounds.
February 15, 1971
J. Atwell Alexander, G. E. Fisher, Claude T. Hall, George P. Kittrell, Charles
F. Phillips, Heiwy G)'ay Shelto)i, James L. Siithe)iand, David Townsend, Jr.
Authorized the Commissioner of Agriculture and the State Warehouse Super-intendent,
with the advice of the Attorney General's office, the State Auditor
and others, to take feasible steps to implement the requirements of the
insurance company and suggestions of the State Auditor pertaining to
Southeastern Farmers Grain Storage Association in Warsaw.
Adopted Federal Regulations as regulations of the N.C. Meat Inspection
Service.
Requested the N.C. General Assembly amend the state's meat inspection laws
to remove the $2000 exemption.
Amended the quarantined areas for fire ant, witchweed, soybean cyst nema-tode
and white-fringe beetle.
Amended fertilizer rules and regulations to allow the sale of the following
bag weights of fertilizer: 200 lbs., 167 lbs., 125 lbs., 100 lbs., 80 lbs., and
manufacturers choice under 80 lbs.
Amended Chapter XXII, Section 22-35 of the N.C. Feed Rules and Regulations
to allow non-protein nitrogen in feed for cattle, sheep and goats as an
acceptable source.
Amended Chapter XXII, Section 22-4 of the N.C. Feed Rules and Regulations
concerning labeling of complete Daily Feed or Complete Dairy Ration.
Upon recommendation of Eugene White of the Property Control Section, the
Board reduced to cost to Duke Power Company for an easement on the
Piedmont Research Station from $8,079 to $5,600.
Accepted a bid of $2,740 by E. Leland English, Jr. to rent the Willard
Research Station for the crop year 1971.
Instructed N.C. State Fair Manager Art Pitzer and Joe Murnick, representa-tive
of ELCAR to investigate costs and possibilities of repairs to the fair-ground
race track for the purpose of holding NASCAR sanctioned auto
racing.
12 N. C. Department of Agriculture
Endorsed proposed legislation to lengthen permits for wide equipment on
public roads from six months to one year.
March 29, 1971
J. Atwell Alexander, G. E. Fisher, Claude T. Hall, George P. Kittrell, Charles
F. Phillips, J. Hawley Poole, Hervy Gray Shelton, James L. Southerland.
Heard report on hog cholera situation and proposed legislation to be intro-duced
to the 1971 General Assembly by Dr. T. F. Zweigart, state veterinarian.
Following a public hearing, amended seed law to allow sale of soybean seeds
for one year that germinate between 60 and 69 percent provided they are
properly labeled.
Endorsed proposed legislation to be presented to the 1971 General Assembly:
To limit N.C. Handlers Act to fruits and vegetables. To change potato law
making it unlawful to plant seed potatoes which do not meet standards for
certified or U.S. No. 1. Also endorsed proposed legislation to close several
loop holes in seed law.
Following a report by Mr. Joe Murnick of ELCAR, Board voted that no auto
racing be held at State Fairgrounds this year.
Passed a resolution requesting the governor to leave the Credit Union
Division in the NCDA.
May 26, 1971
G. E. Fisher, G. P. Kittrell, J. H. Poole, H. G. Shelton, J. L. Sutherland,
D. Townsend, Jr.
Discussed current situation pertaining to the Farmers Grain Elevator in
Warsaw.
Unanimously voted to pay a claim with 6 percent interest against the Farmers
Grain Elevator in Warsaw and the State Warehouse System to A. C.
Lockamy.
Voted to empower subcommittee of the N.C. Board of Agriculture, assigried
to the Warehouse System, to act for the Board on additional claims against
the Warehouse System.
June 21, 1971
J. Atwell Alexander, G. E. Fisher, Claude T. Hall, George P. Kittrell, Charles
F. Phillips, J. Hawley Poole, He^iry Gray Shelton, James L. Sutherland,
David Townsend, Jr.
Voted to enter into a cooperative agreement with the USDA, Agricultural
Research Plant Protection Division which provide for the protection of crops
against insects and disease.
Held public hearing to amend North Carolina's quarantine area for the sweet
potato weevil. Amendment adopted.
Held public hearing on 1971-72 Fertilizer Grade List. Approved ratio 4-1-3
with a minimum grade of 12-3-9; approved ratio 2-0-1 with a minimum grade
of 14-0-7; rejected approval of ratios 9-1-1 with a minimum grade of 18-2-2;
3-4-1 with minimum grade 2-12-3 and 4-0-1 with minimum grade of 16-0-4.
Report for 1970-1972
—
Administrative 13
Rejected proposal by O.M. Scott Company to allow specialty fertilizer-pesticide
mixtures to be sold in any size packages.
Approved fertilizer grade list as amended.
Approved proposal to require industry requests for fertilizer grade changes
to be submitted to the Commissioner of Agriculture by May 1 of each year.
Held public hearing and voted to require that custom mixed fertilizers come
under all the requirements of the law^.
Due to the interest of N.C. State University in revising the fertilizer law,
the Board adopted a resolution requesting NCSU to study and report their
findings to the Board of Agriculture.
Agreed to set July 1, 1972 as cut-off date for sale of 4-9-3 fertilizer.
Approved audit of 1970 North Carolina State Fair.
Adopted a resolution in support of William Parham, warehouse superinten-dent
in legal action brought against him and the NCDA by Branch Banking
and Trust Company, relative to the Farmers Grain Elevator in Warsaw.
October 4-5, 1971
J. Atwell Alexander, H. G. Sheltoyi, C. T. Hall, J. L. Sutherland, G. P. Kittrell,
G. E. Fisher, David Toivnsend, Jr., Charles F. Phillips.
Held a public hearing and voted to amend seed regulations, particularly as
they apply to corn.
Passed a resolution requesting the U.S. Secretary of Agriculture and the
President of the United States to declare those counties growing corn,
peanuts and soybeans, and in the path of Hurricane Ginger, a disaster area.
Held public hearing and amended the definition of lowfat milk to bring it
into agreement with the U.S. Public Health Service Grade A, Pasteurized
Milk Ordinance.
Modified definition of fortified skim milk.
Recommended additional study for sale of non-dairy products to be used as a
substitute for soft ice cream mix.
Approved request by Mac's Produce to lease six locations at Farmers Market
at $150 each.
Approved demolition of two dwellings and a tobacco barn at the Oxford
Research Station.
Granted easement to the Duplin Watershed Improvement Commission for
flood control at the old research station.
Approved sale and demolition of nine old buildings on the new research
station at Clinton.
Approved request by state veterinarian to charge horse owners for lab tests
to detect equine infectious anemia (swamp fever); $5 for state owners and
$10 for out-of-state.
14 N. C. Department of Agriculture
Approved recommendation to submit the name of the late Dr. Hal J. Rollins,
DVM, to the Capital Building Authority and the Governor for naming the
new animal disease diagnostic laboratory.
Agreed to renew the lease of the Pate-Darby Company on present terms for
two months. At the end of that period, the Board would review their request
for a three year lease at existing rent of $125 per month rather than $150.
Agreed to make no payments in the Southeastern Grain case until all claims
had been settled in court.
October 5, 1971
Deferred action on making the Willard Station an equestrian park until
additional studies could be made.
Officially observed National Bread Week during meeting.
Approved referendum for promotional assessment.
Authorized the N.C. State Fair manager to approve the architectural design
for the exhibit building and the first choice of location be north of Dorton
Arena; second choice, the farm machinery area.
November 15, 1971
J. Atwell Alexander, H. G. Shelton, C. T. Hall, G. P. Kittrell, G. E. Fisher,
C. F. Phillips, J. H. Poole.
Approved revision of the regulations governing canned dog food.
Revised Food regulation to bring into agreement with the Meat and Poultry
Inspection Law.
Approved registration of a one percent parathion-fungicide dust mixture for
use on tobacco plant beds.
Made tomato plant quarantine permanent to control potato virus Y disease
on tobacco plants.
Approved a reciprocal agreement on nursery fees with Michigan and
Nebraska.
Approved leasing of four units at the Farmers Market to the Pate-Darby Co.
at $150 a month. Approved lease of space to Ford's Produce Company at $150
per unit, per month.
Delayed action on raising the rent for Dorton Arena.
January 31, 1972
J. A. Alexander, H. G. Shelton, C. T. Hall, J. L. Sutherland, J. H. Poole,
G. P. Kittrell, G. E. Fisher, C. F. Phillips, David Townsend, Jr., Millard Rich,
Jr., Attorney.
Held a public hearing and rejected a proposal to add a fourth grade size for
cucumbers. Existing regulations are to remain the same.
Approved emergency hog cholera regulations issued earlier by the N.C.
Commissioner of Agriculture.
Report for 1970-1972
—
Administrative 15
Approved request by the Cattlemen's and Pork Producers Associations to
hold a joint six year referendum for assessment on market hogs and cattle
for promotional purposes.
Voted to delay action on disposition of the Willard Research Farm. Also
voted to lease the buildings and land for one year.
Approved a six year referendum for the Peach Growers Society, Inc. to pro-vide
a peach tree assessment for promotional purposes.
Authorized Alex Lewis, controller, NCDA, permission to sign documents for
Property Control in the absence of the Commissioner of Agriculture.
The Controller was given permission to turn the remainder of the Old
Piedmont Research Station over to Property Control for sale by bid.
Agreed to extend loan payments on Warehouses under the State Warehouse
System as requested by the state superintendent.
Gave state warehouse superintendent permission to allow Property Control
to make available for sale property in Albemarle on North and Depot Streets.
The controller was instructed to inform the Pate-Darby Company to sign a
contract within 30 days agreeing to the new rent at the Farmers Market or to
vacate the premises.
March 8, 1972
J. A. Alexander, G. E. Fisher, G. P. Kittrell, J. Hawley Poole, J. L. Suthe)'la)ul,
Fred Colvard, Claude T. Hall, Charles F. Phillips, H. G. Sheltoii, David
Townsend, Jr.
Approved proposal allowing soybean seeds for sale in 1972 that germinate
between 60 and 69 percent if properly labeled.
Approved North Carolina State Fair projects as submitted.
Approved increase in rental fee for all users of Dorton Arena from $250 to
$400 per night.
Gave permission to the Food Distribution Division director to request Prop-erty
Control to negotiate the purchase of a warehouse in Asheville.
Board was briefed on latest hog cholera developments.
June 14-15, 1972
J. A. Alexander, H. G. Shelton, C. T. Hall, J. H. Poole, G. P. Kittrell, G. E.
Fisher, C. F. Phillips, David Townsend, Jr.
During public hearing: for the 1972-73 fertilizer grade list, voted to delete
Section 8-30.1 of fertilizer regulations, eliminating magnesium requirement.
Voted to request the 1973 Legislature to delete the sulfur tolerance maximum
and the magnesium oxide requirement from the Fertilizer Law.
Accepted the 1972-73 fertilizer grade list as presented except for the addition
of 15-10-10, the specialty fertilizer grade list as a category and the deletion
of 4-9-3.
16 N. C. Department of Agriculture
Deferred action on impregnation of fertilizers with the pesticides, Treflan
and Balan, until the State Pesticide Board studied the proposal. Commissioner
appointed representatives of agriculture to serve on a joint committee with
pesticide representatives.
Removed requirements for annual renewal of employee health certificates in
bakery and bottling regulations.
Approved new regulations regarding the white fringed beetle, witchweed and
the soybean cyst nematode.
Agreed to allow the state warehouses to phase into the federal system at the
appropriate time.
Approved a resolution in remembrance of the late Cecil Thomas, director of
research stations.
June 15, 1972
Authorized the director of food distribution to request the assistance of the
Department of Administration in preliminary negotiations for a proposed
warehouse in Salisbury.
Approved emergency hog cholera regulations issued by the N.C. Commis-sioner
of Agriculture.
Approved regulations for the North Carolina State Fair.
Authorized the appraisal of the Willard Research Station and thereafter put
it up for bid.
Employee of the Month
1970 i
July—Dr. T. B. Ryan, Director of Livestock and Poultry Disease
Diagnostic Labs.
August—James R. Stevens, Chief Feed, Fertilizer and Pesticide
Inspection Supervisor
September—William A. Wilder, Jr., Assistant Director, Markets
Division
October—Raleigh T. (Hobo) Daniels, Assistant Director Food
Distribution
November—Sam Rand, Personnel Director, Cooperative Inspec-tion
Service, Markets Division
December—William H. (Mike) Perry, Liquid Fertilizer Specialist,
Weights & Measures
1971
January—Mrs. Geneva Hunt, Secretary, Diagnostic Laboratory
February—Fred P. Nooe, Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Inspector,
Analytical Division
Report for 1970-1972
—
Administrative 17
March—Elaine Harvell, Home Economist, Markets Division
April—Marion L. Kinlaw, Supervisor of Weights & Measures,
Gasoline & Oil
May—Henry Hall, Stock Clerk
June—M. G. McKenzie, Seed Inspector, Seed Laboratory
July—Eugene T. Upchurch, Curator of Education, N.C. Museum
of Natural History
August—W. V. Didawick, State Administrator of Credit Unions
September—William M. Palmer, Curator of Vertebrates, N.C.
Museum of Natural History
October—Daniel E. (Ed) Wester, Grain Marketing Specialist
November—T. E. Carriker, Jr., Food, Drug and Cosmetic Inspec-tor,
Analytical Division
December—F. Carlyle Teague, Director, Publications Division
1972
January—Wilbur S. Brannan, Head of Regulatory Section,
Markets Division
February—Roxie R. Siler, Asst. Area Supv., Poultry Insp. Serv.
March—Mrs. Peggy Smith, Cashier, Accounts Division
April—B. C. Langston, Head Market News Service
May—Thomas E. Grumpier, Livestock Inspector, Veterinary
Division
June—Mrs. Betty Griffin, Secretary to Pesticide Chemist
Employee of Year
1970—Dr. E. W. Constable, State Chemist, retired
1971—Dr. T. F. Zweigart, State Veterinarian
18 N. C. Department of Agriculture
PERSONNEL
of the
STATE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
James A. Graham, Commissioiie)-
GENERAL ADMINISTRATION
Administration
John L. Reitzel Deputy Commissioner
William G. Parham, Jr Assistant Commissioner
William A. Wilder, Jr Assistant Commissioner
Hazel I. Horner Stenographer III
Virginia P. Johnson Administrative Secretary
Linda L. Sears Stenographer II
Deborah T. Sorrell Stenographer III
Publicity and Publications
F. Carlyle Teague Information & Communication
Specialist III
James F. Devine Information & Comnuoiication
Specialist II
Judy Larrison Court Reporter II
Bettye T. Rogers Clerk II
Willie L. Smith Addressing Equipment Operator
Louise T. White Stenographer II
Custodial
James J. Holiday Stock Clerk I
Robert Harris Stock Clerk II
PUBLICATIONS
F. Carlyle Teague
Director
Communications today are vital to any organization, public
or private. Therefore, for the North Carolina Department of
Agriculture to function, it is imperative for the Publications
Division to disseminate information accurately and with dispatch.
For the department to serve the people of North Carolina, the
public must be kept informed of the latest developments for which
the NCDA is responsible.
Agriculture and the consumer are the prime responsibilities of
the multi-faceted department. To reach them, virtually every
available medium is utilized. This is accomplished through press
releases, feature articles, interviews, news conferences, the bulle-tin
series and this Biennial Report.
Along with the service to the public media the division pub-lishes
the Agricultural Review. This tabloid serves the farmer,
agribusiness and the consumer. Over 1,000 articles are carried
20 N. C. Department of Agriculture
annually in the twice monthly publication along with a classified
advertising section called Farm Wants.
The free want ad service is invaluable to farmers in selling
and securing agricultural supplies and livestock. It presently has
a circulation of 98,000, an increase of 7,000 over the last biennium.
The Review is free upon request to any citizen of North Carolina,
and with justification, to those outside the state.
In every phase of its work, the Publication Division's responsi-bilities
grow as demands upon the Department as a whole increase.
In addition to new programs and responsibilities placed in the
Department there are multiplying complexities within each of
these responsibilities as they relate to consumer services and
regulatory programs. These, in turn, require an ever greater
volume of work in the division's function not only as the informa-tion
office but also in its service to the Board of Agriculture.
The division provides secretarial service to the Board of Agri-culture,
the staff keeps fully informed of, not only the Department's
service and regulatory programs, but of their background as well.
This kind of knowledge of the history of Department programs,
the steps in developing regulatory measures and other such
details is essential in our work as an information division.
In addition to keeping minutes of meetings, secretarial service
to the Board include advertising and recording public hearings;
coding, printing and filing regulations as required by law; main-taining
a master set of all regulations and responsibility for revis-ing
and reprinting the various chapters from time to time. A
corollary responsibility is the printing of laws administered by
the Department, after checking them with the statute books to
embody amendments enacted from time to time by the General
Assembly.
The technical complexities involved in so many of the Depart-ment's
regulatory responsibilities have necessitated appointments
of numerous special committees to explore the needs and make
recommendation for regulatory amendments to the Board of Agri-culture.
Publications Division staff members must attend most of
these meetings to be sufficiently informed to help properly prepare
and code the regulations when presented. We must also prepare
news releases on developments, so that those concerned will be
fully informed when these matters are discussed in public
hearings.
CREDIT UNION DIVISION
Joseph M. Jones
Admhiistrator
The North Carolina Credit Union Law was enacted by the 1915
General Assembly. North Carolina was the third state in the
Union to adopt such legislation. Because its primary purpose was
to provide a way for farmers to take care of short-term credit
needs at a reasonable rate of interest through their own coopera-tive
efforts, the law designated the Department of Agriculture as
the administrative agency.
Throughout the years, the credit unions suffered because of the
lack of efficient leaders trained in business matters. Crop failures,
likewise, adversely affected the credit union movement in farm
areas, and within recent years, the federal government has
offered various forms of credit to farmers. Banks have established
fi personal loan departments and are anxious to assist farmers in
meeting their credit needs.
22 N. C. Department of Agriculture
It is not surprising, therefore, that under these circumstances
rural credit unions have declined while urban credit unions have
increased with the industrialization of the state. As of June 30,
1972, there were still 30 state-chartered rural or residential type
credit unions with total assets of 6 million dollars. We now have
223 credit unions with total assets of 196.5 million dollars belong-ing
to 230 thousand members.
This division administers the laws and regulations governing
state-chartered credit unions in North Carolina. Subchapter III
of Chapter 54 of the General Statutes places the responsibility for
chartering, examining, supervising and liquidating on this divi-sion.
Our duty is to see that statutory requirements are complied
with and interests of the depositors are protected. The examina-tions
conducted are therefore directed to a determination of the
credit unions solvency, the degrees of competence of its manage-ment
and its compliance with the laws under which it operates.
Mr. W. V. Didawick who served as Administrator of credit
unions for approximately 17 years, retired December 31, 1971.
Under his guidance and leadership credit unions in North Caro-lina
grew from 19 million in total assets with 80,000 members to
174 million in total assets and 223,000 members. I had the
privilege of working under Mr. Didawick as an examiner for 10
years until my appointment on December 1, 1971 by Commis-sioner
James A. Graham as his successor.
The State Government Reorganization Act of 1971, under
Chapter 143A-180 of the General Statutes transferred the Credit
Union Division by a type II transfer, to the newly created Depart-ment
of Commerce. This transfer was completed July 1, 1972.
Since this will be the final biennial report submitted to the
Department of Agriculture by this Division, I would just like to
say personally, that my association and acquaintances with the
people within the department has been most gratifying and re-warding.
I shall hold this remembrance to the highest esteem.
NUMBER, MEMBERSHIP, AND ASSETS
OF STATE-CHARTERED CREDIT UNIONS
hicrease
June 30, 1972 June 30, 1970 (Decrease)
Total Charters Out-standing
223 216 7
Total Members . . : 222,408* 185,365 37,043
Total Assets $196,583,960 $124,647,027 $ 71,936,933
* December 31, 1971 total members
Report for 1970-1972
—
Credit Unions 23
NORTH CAROLINA CREDIT UNIONS
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
hio'ease
Assets Juve SO, 1972 June SO, 1970 (Decrease)
Cash on Hand and in
Banks $ 5,760,115.87 $ 5,188,272.18 $ 571,843.69
Loan to Members 149,350,717.15 100,816,336.31 48,534,380.84
Investments and Bonds 37,937,112.84 17,090,008.60 20,847,104.24
Other Assets 3,536,014.46 1,552,409.81 1,983,604.65
$196,583,960.32 $124,647,026.90 $ 71,936,933.42
Liabilities
Deposits $ 5,881,928.50 $ 3,908,838.31 $ 1,973,090.19
Shares 169,885,670.38 106,390,763.92 63,494,906.46
Reserves 8,701,381.18 6,193,558.54 2,507,822.64
Undivided Earnings &
Surplus 6,331,011.44 4,473,806.50 1,857,204.94
Other Liabilities 5,783,968.82 3,680,059.63 2,103,909.19
$196,583,960.32 $124,647,026.90 $ 71,936,933.42
im
Alex M. Lewis
controller
office of fiscal management
and administrative services
farmers market
state fair
rural rehabilitation
26 N. C. Department of Agriculture
PERSONNEL
Office of Fiscal Management
And Administrative Services
Accounts
Alex M. Lewis Assistant Commissioner—CotitroUe)-
Joseph C. Allen, Jr Accountant II
Elizabeth B. Barefoot Stenographer III
Nancy A. Blinson Stenographer III
Beulah J. BUNN Accounting Clerk III
EwELL E. Evans Tax Auditor IV
LoREN L Gilbert Tax Auditor III
Mavoreen S. Hinton Accounting Clerk II
Gertrud H. Lare Personnel Assistant
Bethany A. Lewis Stenographer II
Ellen P. McGhee Stenographer II
Mary M. Macon Typist II
Becky C. Meadows Bookkeeping Machine Operator II
Elizabeth W. Mitchiner Accounting Clerk III
Phyllis P. O'Neal Accounting Clerk II
Philip K. Powell Personnel Officer II
Sarah K. Sanderson Clerk III
Peggy Y. Smith Accounting Clerk IV
Josephine W. Simmons Typist II
Lunelle Yeargan Accounting Clerk V
State Fair
Arthur K. Pitzer Manager, N. C. State Fair
George S. Barger Electrician II
Troy M. Bunn Maintenance Mechanic IV
Willie H. Bunn Maintenance Mechanic I
Frances H. Colvin Stenographer I
Carolyn M. Henry Stenographer II
Ray H. Johnson Maintenance Mechanic I
Harris L. Jones General Utility Man
Edna E. Kipp Administrative Officer I
QuiNTON Maynard Maintenayice Mechanic I
Fred M. Moore Laborer
Andrew H. Peedin Carpenter II
Stephanie W. Stephenson Accounting Clerk III
Moody E. Taylor Maintenance Mechanic I
William E. Whitaker Laborer
Earl L. Williams Maintenayice Mechanic II
Jerry E. Williams Maintenance Mechanic I
George K. Willis Storeroom Manager
Robert L. Wills Information & Communications
Specialist III
Farmers Market
Charles G. Murray Manager Farmers Market
Sandra D. Pearce Stenographer II
Report for 1970-1972
—
Accounts 27
ACCOUNTS
Alex M. Lewis
Co)it voile)-
The Central Division of Accounts and Personnel is responsible
for management and control of the fiscal and personnel affairs for
the Department of Agriculture proper and all other General Fund
and Special Fund Programs administered by the department.
Responsibilities of this division include: procurement of opera-tional
funds, procurement of operational supply requirements,
acceptance and accounting for receipts, the disbursement of funds,
budget maintenance and control, the collection of a variety of
taxes and fees and the collection of assessments for ten agricultural
promotional organizations and foundations, and personnel man-agement
and control.
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
General Fund — Code 28021
Statement of Disbursements
July 1, 1970 - June 30, 1972
Summary By Purposes
1971-72 1970-71
General Administration: $ 565,431.47 $ 469,679.48
Administration 117,881.65 109,826.84
Accounting 212,209.94 161,626.50
Publications 96,813.27 84,146.08
Custodial 13,519.89 12,689.51
Miscellaneous 125,006.72 101,390.55
jinspection and Regulation: $ 2,372,274.12 $ 2,036,397.39
Feed, Fertilizer, Insecticide Inspection . . . 102,824.93 126,706.93
Egg Inspection 84,276.24 78,899.43
Entomology Inspection 279,361.96 214,968.09
Weights and Measures Inspection 243,556.59 237,603.87
Meat and Poultry Inspection 1,662,254.40 1,378,219.07
Markets Division: $ 813,249.11 $ 788,804.01
Analytical and Regulation: $ 1,377,868.11 % 1,185,425.88
Dairy Services 189,039.96 166,591.10
Seed Testing 204,678.93 188,707.07
Analytical (Chemistry) 628,347.17 635,999.39
Soil Testing 207,805.83 194,128.32
Pesticide 147,996.22
Crop Statistics Division: $ 329,148.47 $ 290,707.30
jV^eterinaryDivision: $ 1,554,065.60 $ 1,940,868.42
Research Stations Operations: $ 1,219,177.28 $ 1,127,150.20
28 N, C. Department of Agriculture
State Museum of Natural History:
Distribution of USDA Donated Commodities:
Revolving Fund
General Program — Distribution to Needy
Families
Federal Financial Assistance Fund
Agricultural Center, Western N.C.:
Imprest Cash Fund:
Foreign Trade Development:
Structural Pest Control:
Transfer to Code 66970—Capital Improve-ments
1969:
Livestock and Poultry Disease Diagnostic
Laboratory
Transfer to 1971-72 for Deferred Obligations:
Transfer to 1972-73 for Deferred Obligations:
Total Disbursements:
$ 166,266.37 $ 143,867.15
2,385.58
426,191.17
832,280.64
3,755.36
11,175.00
14,260.08
83,857.83
26,808.41
597,222.47
464,579.49
$ 3,806.64
$ 11,650.00
$ 8,372.61
$ 77,739.27
$ 50,000.00
$ 13,077.00
$ 103,284.00
$ 9,874,670.19 $ 9,236,155.72
Summary By Objects:
1971-72 1970-71
Salaries and Wages
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express
Travel Expense
Printing and Binding
Motor Vehicle Operation
Lights, Power and Water
Repairs and Alterations
General Expense
Insurance and Bonding
Equipment
Stores for Resale
Contributions to Retirement System
Contribution to Social Security
Imprest Cash Fund
Transfer to Code 66970 — Capital Improve-ments
Salaries and Wages — Premium Payments .
Salaries and Wages — Overtime
Deferred Obligations Transferred to 1971-72
Wages for Employees Loaned
Deferred Obligations Transferred to 1972-73
TOTAL DISBURSEMENTS
$ 6,008,274.87 $ 5,298,093.91
370,538.27 336,392.67
116,522.63 98,362.38
529,159.29 470,739.95
46,248.89 57,873.54
90,765.77 95,564.56
24,176.62 19,142.08
81,616.13 64,091.71
1,417,285.45 1,815,510.22
6,478.50 5,534.35
280,725.73 217,201.93
3,910.71 1,863.72
509,262.10 447,249.56
268,487.88 233,234.42
11,175.00 11,650.00
50,000.00
1,213.70 573.72
550.19
13,077.00
4,994.46
103,284.00
$ 9,874,670.19 $ 9,236,155.72
Report for 1970-1972
—
Accounts 29
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Code 28021
Statement of Receipts
Years Ended June 30, 1972 and June 30, 1971
1971-72 1970-71
Agricultural Receipts:
Fertilizer Tax $ 406,343.95 $ 425,788.52
Feed Tax 232,055.57 235,856.79
Research Stations 327,795.97 339,353.17
Miscellaneous 488,353.30 490,602.02
Federal Funds:
Research and Marketing Act 81,302.00 77,283.00
USDA Cooperative Agreement 3,226.46 398.85
Talmadge-Aiken Act 122,706.69 93,863.42
Wholesome Meat Act 753,990.88 632,741.72
Federal Financial Assistance 793,780.43 388,575.94
USDA Cooperative Agreement
(Entomology) 10,532.39
Wholesome Poultry Products 39,359.51
Miscellaneous Receipts:
Pesticide Fees 109,987.75
Sale of Equipment 4,164.96 3,738.84
Transfers from Other Codes 31,698.75 43,152.31
Miscellaneous 141,853.89 146,135.55
Imprest Cash Redeposit 11,175.00 11,650.00
Transferred from 1969-70 for Deferred
Obligations 50,913.00
Wages for Employees Loaned 5,438.56 5,271.70
Structural Pest Receipts 73,396.00 65,118.00
Transferred from 1970-71 for Deferred
Obligations 13,077.00
TOTAL RECEIPTS $ 3,650,239.06 $ 3,010,442.83
Summary Statement of Receipts and Disbursements
1971-72 1970-71
General Fund Appropriation $ 6,538,212.00 $ 6,391,221.00
Receipts 3,650,239.06 3,010,442.83
Total Availability $10,188,451.06 $ 9,401,663.83
Disbursements 9,874,670.19 9,236,155.72
Unexpended Balance June 30 $ 313,780.87 $ 165,508.11
30 N. C. Department of Agriculture
GASOLINE AND OIL INSPECTION
General Fund Code — 12201
Summary Statement of Receipts and Disbursements
July 1, 1970 - June 30, 1972
1971-72 1970-71
General Fund Appropriation $ 177,738.00 $ 167,514.00
Receipts:
Transfer from Highway Fund 511,911.00 470,590.00
Sale of Equipment 8.00 110.86
Brought Forward from 1970-71 General
Fund Appropriation 1,600.00
Disbursements 669,539.15 611,813.81
Unexpended Balance of Appropriation $ 21,717.85 $ 26,401.05
STATE WAREHOUSE SYSTEM FUND
Special Fund — Code 28727
Statement of Changes in Cash Balance
Years Ended June 30, 1972 and June 30, 1971
1971-72 1970-71
Cash Balance — July 1 $ 18,759.87 $ 12,165.16
Supervision Collections 21,023.40 42,925.97
Fire Losses 38,634.17 4,256.92
I Repayment of Loans 50,770.00 77,820.00
Sale of U. S. Treasury Bills 520,000.00 160,000.00
Sale of Equipment 40.11
Sale of U. S. Savings Bonds 86,000.00
Disbursements i
Supervision Expenditures 49,807.11 40,196.20
Fire Losses 38,634.17 4,256.62
Purchase of U. S. Treasury Bills 619,677.80 233,995.47
Cash Balance — June 30 27,068.36 18,759.87
Loans to Warehouses 321,106.70 371,876.70
Invested in 2 V2 % U. S. Gov't. Bonds 1,500.00 240,000.00
Invested in U. S. Treasury Bills 350,000.00 87,500.00
Total Worth —June 30 $ 699,675.06 $ 718,136.57
Report for 1970-1972
—
Accounts 31
COOPERATIVE INSPECTION SERVICE
Special Fund — Code 28731
Statement of Changes in Fund Balance
Years Ended June 30, 1972 and June 30, 1971
1971-72 1970-71
Fund Balance July 1 $ 697,593.29 $ 492,485.04
Receipts 974,796.11 1,174,553.83
Disbursements 1,113,264.00 969,445.58
Fund Balance June 30 $ 559,125.40 $ 697,593.29
Fund Balance Represented by:
Treasurer's Cash $ 519,125.40 $ 657,593.29
21/2% U. S. Government Bonds 40,000.00 40,000.00
Balance As Above $ 559,125.40 $ 697,593.29
CREDIT UNION SUPERVISION
Special Fund — Code 28739
Statement of Changes in Cash Balance
Years Ended June 30, 1972 and June 30, 1971
1971-72 1970-71
Cash Balance — July 1 $ 205,186.04 $ 179,993.76
Receipts 147,391.04 156,941.15
Disbursements 352,577.08 131,748.87
Cash Balance — June 30 $ — — $ 205,186.04
N. C. STATE FAIR
Special Fund — Code 28741
Statement of Changes in Cash Balance
Years Ended June 30, 1972 and June 30. 1971
1971-72 1970-71
Fund Balance July 1 $ 480,589.13 $ 302,442.78
Receipts 928,312.16 1,010,181.83
Disbursements 1,200,745.85 832,035.48
Cash Balance June 30 $ 208,155.44 $ 480,589.13
32 N. C. Department of Agriculture
SHEEP AND WOODLAND REVOLVING FUND
Special Fund — Code 28745
Statement of Changes in Cash Balance
Years Ended June 30, 1972 and June 30, 1971
1971-72 1970-71
Cash Balance — July 1 $ 92,199.23 $ 89,662.66
Receipts 38,767.66 122,554.38
Disbursements 28,548.42 120,017.81
Cash Balance — June 30 $ 102,418.47 $ 92,199.23
SPECIAL DEPOSITORY ACCOUNT
Special Fund — Code 28751
Statement of Changes in Cash Balance
Years Ended June 30, 1972 and June 30, 1971
Cash Balance — July 1
Receipts:
Cash Bond Deposits
Surplus Commodities Revolving Fund . . .
Research and Marketing Act
Repayment of Loan to Warehouse
( Wholesome Meat Act
Talmadge-Aiken Act
Federal Financial Assistance
Egg Breaking Operation
Wholesome Poultry Products
Disbursements:
Refund of Bond Deposits $ " $ 500.00
Transfer to Code 28021:
Revolving Fund 2,385.58 26,808.41
RMA 81,302.00 77,283.00
Contingency Fund 2,000.00 10,300.00
Wholesome Meat Act 762,868.13 632,741.72
Talmadge-Aiken Act 124,050.44 93,863.42
Federal Financial Assistance . . , 793,780.43 388,575.94
Wholesome Poultry Products 39,359.51
Hall of Fame 13.31
Reimburse USDA — Cash June 30:
Federal Financial Assistance 15,267.06 235,892.58
1971-72 1970-71
190,026.80 $ 377,788.47 |
1,500.00 500.00
5,914.20 29,530.88
81,302.00 77,283.00 1
2,000.00
818,983.53 604,267.80
121,000.00 99,635.03
702,473.68 467,000.00
3,600.00
42,000.00
Cash Balance — June 30 $ 147,787.06 $ 190,026.80
Report for 1970-1972
—
Accounts 33
OPERATION OF FARMERS MARKET
Special Fund — Code 28755
Statement of Changes in Cash Balance
Years Ended June 30, 1972 and June 30, 1971
1971-72 1970-71
Cash Balance — July 1 $ 36,154.06 $ 22,982.99
Receipts 118,867.29 112,199.57
Disbursements 97,702.23 99,028.50
Cash Balance — June 30 $ 57,319.12 $ 36,154.06
CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS OF 1965
Code 66558
Statement of 1965 Capital Improvements
Years Ended June 30, 1972 and June 30, 1971
1971-72 1970-71
Appropriation $ 19,638.00
Receipts — —
Disbursements 19,492.00
Unexpended Balance of Appropriation .... $ 146.00
Unexpended Balance of Appropriation Re-verted
to General Fund 6-30-71 146.00
Balance — —
CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS OF 1967
Code 66770
Statement of 1967 Capital Improvements
Years Ended June 30, 1972 and June 30, 1971
1971-72 1970-71
Appropriation $ 163,144.07
Receipts — —
Disbursements 119,093.41
Unexpended Balance of Appropriation 3 44,050.66
Unexpended Balance of Appropriation Re-verted
to General Fund 6-30-71 44,050.66
Balance — —
34 N. C. Department of Agriculture
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Statement of 1969 Capital Improvements
From Inception Through June 30, 1972
Appropriation: $ 993,100.00
Receipts:
Sale of Land—Old Piedmont Test Farm . .
Sale of Cows, Equipment and Milk Base
—
Coastal Plain Research Station
Right-of-way, Duke Power Company
Piedmont Research Station
Insurance Settlement—Fire Damage to
Curing Barn
Sale of Land—Oxford Tobacco Research
Station
Sale of Buildings, etc.—Coastal Plain
Research Station
Lewiston By-Pass Easement—Peanut Belt
Research Station
Sale of Cattle—Mountain Research
Station
Sale of Timber—Piedmont Research
Station
Insurance Settlement—Fire Damage
—
Piedmont Research Station
Matching Funds—Regional Counties,
Western N. C
Transfer from Code 66770
Transfer from Code 28021 XVI—
Unexpended Balance (1969-70)
Transfer from Code 28741—Item Nos.
1, 12, 13, 14, 15
Total Availability
Disbursements
:
1. Repairs to Dorton Arena—State
Fairgrounds
2. Diagnostic Laboratory—Western, N. C.
3. Research Station—Southeastern, N. C.
4. Livestock and Poultry Disease
Diagnostic Laboratory, Raleigh, N. C.
6. Purchase of Land—Livestock and
Poultry Diagnostic Laboratory,
Raleigh, N. C
7. Swine Development Improvement
—
Upper Coastal Plain Research Station
8. Replacement of Burned Curing Barn
Oxford Tobacco Research Station ....
9. Replacement of Fire Damaged Equip-ment—
Piedmont Research Station . . .
10. Tobacco Evaluation Building—Oxford
Tobacco Research Station
12. Replace roof on Education Building
State Fairgrounds
13. Paving of Roadway and Parking Area —State Fairgrounds
14. Concrete Floors for Lunch Stands
State Fairgrounds
15. Metal Tool and Supply Building
—
State Fairgrounds
94,432.00
17,629.17
5,198.80
9,407.00
56,875.00
938.15
3,100.00
12,851.06
793.05
558.92
25,000.00
39,805.98
50,000.00
82,000.00
$ 1,391,689.13
$ 100,629.57
5,366.78
301,273.41
501,120.93
2,741.37
55,474.90
9,403.92
558.92
39,085.28
20,612.44
15,423.70
10,285.50
18,578.68
Report for 1970-1972
—
Accounts 35
Total Disbursements $ 1,080,555.40
Unexpended Balance June 30, 1972 ~$ 311,133.73
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Statement of 1971 Capital Improvements
From Inception Through June 30, 1972
Appropriation: $ 1,382,612.00
Receipts:
Transfer from Code 28755—Item No. 7 . . . 11,000.00
Transfer from Code 28741—Item Nos.
2, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 351,600.00
Sale of Buildings—Horticultural Crops
Research Station 4,491.92
Total Availability $ 1,749,703.92
Disbursements:
2. Events and Exhibit Building—State
Fairgrounds $ 21,270.00
3. Agronomic Services Laboratory
—
Raleigh, N. C 12,325.00
6. Sweet Potato Facility—Horticultural
Research Station—Clinton, N. C 211.75
7. Additional Toilets—State Farmers
Market 10,408.46
Total Disbursements 44,215.21
Unexpended Balance June 30. 1972 $ 1,705,488.71
AGRICULTURAL FOUNDATION ASSESSMENT
Statement of Changes in Cash Balance
Years Ended June 30, 1972 and June 30, 1971
1971-72 1970-71
Cash Balance — July 1 $ 58,612.20 $ 59,974.36
Receipts 181,179.70 186,404.76
Disbursements 187,320.78 187,766.92
Cash Balance — June 30 ~$ 52,471.12 ^ 58,612.20
36 N. C. Department of Agriculture
APPLE ASSESSMENT
Statement of Changes in Cash Balance
Years Ended June 30. 1972 and June 30, 1971
1971-72 1970-71
Cash Balance — July 1 $ 372.43 $
Receipts 34,892.45
Disbursements 34,200.00
Cash Balance — June 30 $ 1,064.88 $
CATTLE ASSESSMENT
Statement of Changes in Cash Balance
Years Ended June 30, 1972 and June 30, 1971
1971-72 1970-71
Cash Balance — July 1 $ 458.54
Receipts 22,859.65
Disbursements 23,000.00
Cash Balance — June 30 $ 318.19
COTTON ASSESSMENT
Statement of Changes in Cash Balance
Years Ended June 30, 1972 and June 30, 1971
1971-72 1970-71
Cash Balance — July 1 $ 245.82
Receipts 24,827.80
Disbursements 24,300.00
Cash Balance — June 30 $ 773.62 $
EGG ASSESSMENT
Statement of Changes in Cash Balance
Years Ended June 30, 1972 and June 30, 1971
1971-72 1970-71
Cash Balance — July 1 $ 2,683.70 $
Receipts 92,341.50
Disbursements 90,700.00
Cash Balance — June 30 $ 4,325.20 $
Report for 1970-1972
—
Accounts 37
PEACH ASSESSMENT
Statement of Change in Cash Balance
Years Ended June 30, 1972 and June 30, 1971
1971-72 1970-71
Cash Balance — July 1 $ 159.02 $ 680.79
Receipts 2,740.19 3,078.23
Disbursements 2,790.00 3,600.00
Cash Balance — June 30 ~$ 109.21 $ 159.02
PEANUT ASSESSMENT
Statement of Changes in Cash Balance
Years Ended June 30, 1972 and June 30, 1971
1971-72 1970-71
Cash Balance — July 1 $ 14,859.15 $ 590.74
Receipts 60,417.78 83,718.41
Disbursements 74,800.00 69,450.00
Cash Balance — June 30 ~$ 476.93 ^ 14,859.15
SOYBEAN ASSESSMENT
Statement of Changes in Cash Balance
Years Ended June 30, 1972 and June 30, 1971
1971-72 1970-71
Cash Balance — July 1 $ 386.61 $ 860.78
Receipts 77,894.27 80,425.83
Disbursements 78,000.00 80,900.00
Cash Balance — June 30 $ 280.88 $ 386.61
SWEET POTATO ASSESSMENT
Statement of Changes in Cash Balance
Years Ended June 30, 1972 and June 30, 1971
1971-72 1970-71
ash Balance — July 1 $ 4,694.42 $ 341.02
Receipts 27,755.95 40,853.40
Disbursements 32,300.00 36,500.00
ash Balance — June 30 $ 150.37 $ 4,694.42
38 N. C. Department of Agriculture
SWINE ASSESSMENT
Statement of Changes in Cash Balance
Years Ended June 30, 1972 and June 30, 1971
1971-72 1970-71
Cash Balance — July 1 $ 1,977.20 $ 1,104.76
Receipts 128,573.81 122,972.44
Disbursements 129,600.00 122,100.00
Cash Balance — June 30 ~~^
951.01 ~$ 1,977.20
S&
FARMERS MARKET
Charles G. Murray
Market Maiiager
During the past biennium the Market has continued its primary
purpose, serving the produce industry from producer to consumer.
Every effort has been made to expand the services by providing
broader coverage of marketing information by means of news-letters,
radio and television coverage. Demand, supply, and price
information are essential to the most efficient and effective
j marketing.
It would be most difficult to accurately appraise the importance
i and true value of the Farmers Market as it relates to the food
supply and distribution in the area served by the Market which
is essentially all of North Carolina and neighboring states.
The Market does not compete with the major chains, larger
wholesalers and brokers. It cooperates with and supplements
allied food industries. The larger chains generally buy in carlot
and trucklot quantities for distribution through their grocery
40 N. C. Department of Agriculture
stores. Operators on the Farmers Market supply many small chain
grocery stores, independent grocerymen and wholesalers. Also,
the major grocery chain stores purchase a considerable volume
from the twelve fresh produce operators on the Market. This is
especially true in cases where chain store purchases have been
delayed or rejected upon arrival account of failing to meet con-tractural
specifications.
The Market operations consists of twelve permanent or annual
wholesale fresh produce dealers who lease the forty-three whole-sale
units on an annual basis and who handle all kinds of produce
grown in the United States, and many items from eight to ten
foreign countries which are not available in our country at certain
periods. This affords our customers a wide variety of fresh produce
each month of the year at reasonable prices; a wholesale grocery
firm which supplies just about any item, except fresh, that a
groceryman may need; a restaurant to serve employees, buyers,
sellers and truckers; a lawn, garden, and nursery center, and a
fruit and vegetable broker; twenty-five shed spaces for produce
truckers who rent by the week or month; and twenty-two retail
stalls which are also rented on a weekly basis. This complex makes
the Market a complete and unique operational center for the food
industry.
Hundreds of local farmers sell on the Market annually. Sixty-three
spaces are provided for their use. They pay a nominal "gate
fee" for the use of the spaces. They sell directly from their vehicles
to the buyer who may be a housewife, a wholesale firm, or a
groceryman. This is a true tradition dating back for one hundred
or more years where the producer and buyer met face-to-face and
transacted their dealings. This is especially important for the small
growers who do not produce in sufficient quantities to justify
expensive grading and sorting and packaging equipment.
The retail operations are also a true tradition of centuries.
There are still thousands of consumers who enjoy the opportunity
and experience of shopping for fresh produce where they can visit
ten or fifteen sellers within a small area and personally handle
and select the fruit or vegetable of his or her choice. This is
evidenced by the fact that on a typical Saturday from June to
September more than 300 vehicles per hour enter the Market
between 8:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. with a peak of more than 400 per
hour during the rush hours from 10:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. This
indicates the desire for farm fresh produce for canning, freezing
and fresh consumption.
Report for 1970-1972
—
Farmers Market 41
A few facts (statistical information) are given as evidence of
the broad use of the Market:
Deliveries By Farmers
Fruits (mainly apples and peaches) 173,620 bushels
Berries 4,818 (12 pints)
Corn, dozen count 88,390
Vegetables, bunched — dozens 17,700
Vegetables, bushels 127,765
Tomatoes, 50 lb. basis 26,000
Potatoes, Irish, bushel basis 8,825
Potatoes, Sweet, bushel basis 20,830
Pecans, pounds 6,800
Cantaloupes, watermelons 659,600
Pumpkins 41,369
Received By 12 Wholesalers
5,698 Complete truck loads
9,579 Part truck loads
Note: Large quantities are also received by railroad but we
have no way to determine the volume. Also, no accurate way to
determine the volume handled by wholesale truckers who operate
seasonally and rent spaces by week or month.
THE STATE FAIR
f
, Arthur K. Pitzer
Manager
The recent biennium was a busy one for the North Carolina State
Fair and like the previous one, saw several progressive moves,
both during fairtime and year-round.
Records were established in non-fairtime use of the grounds and
buildings during both 1970 and 1971. In 1970 the grounds were
used 219 times, including 128 uses of Dorton Arena and involved
a total of just under 400,000 in attendance. The figures for the
following year were 359 total, 127 arena and 438,000 attendance.
During the first six months of 1972 the attendance figures have
already exceeded the quarter-million mark.
Fair attendance was also particularly pleasing despite incle-ment
weather during both annual events. Although there were
several cold days in 1970 and two days involving rain, 532,857
viewed the event. Profits from the 9-day run were the highest in
history, more than $216,000. Despite five days of rain in 1971,
the Fair profit was recorded at $85,000 as 484,066 were on hand.
Report for 1970-1972
—
State Fair 43
Aided by some capital improvement funds allotted by the Gen-eral
Assembly, but otherwise operating out of its own revenue the
Fairgrounds has recorded several renovations and improvements
and others are currently underway.
These and other major changes in State Fair policy have been
aided by a Fair Advisory Board established in 1971 which included
three members of the Board of Agriculture, two agricultural busi-nessmen
and the current President of the North Carolina Associa-tion
of Agricultural Fairs.
With monies alloted from the general fund, a new roof was
installed on Dorton Arena, replacing the 20-year old original
covering. Utilizing State Fair funds, a new roof was placed on the
Educational Building, two parts of a three-part fencing program
have been completed, concrete floors have been poured into the
eating stands, the roadway behind the grandstand has been paved
and the interior of the Commercial Building has been reworked
including paneling the walls.
A new tool shop was constructed and will house the Fair's
equipment and inventory system. A warehouseman has been
added to the staff.
Projects currently underway include landscaping for a perma-nent
flower show, a new children's barnyard and a permanent
building for the old farm machinery. There are also plans being
drawn for renovation of the Youth Center kitchen, the horse barns
and show rings and additional paving for arena parking.
During the past General Assembly $350,000 was extended to
the Fair for the construction of a nearly $1,000,000 events and
exhibit building. The remainder of the cost will be borne from Fair
revenue.
STATE
William G. Parham, Jr.
assistant commissioner
office of agribusiness
and public services
food distribution
markets
museum
research stations
soil testing
statistics
46 ' N. C. Department of Agriculture
PERSONNEL
Office of Agribusiness
And Public Services
Food Distribution
Jay p. Davis, Jr Commodity Distribution Director
Samuel T. Avera Commodity Distribution Representative
Linda G. Barnett Accounting Clerk I
William B. Cash Stock Clerk II
Raymond M. Chadwick Stock Clerk II
Willard B. Cobb, Jr Commodity Distribution Representative
Raleigh T. Daniel Commodity Distribution Assistant
Director
Gladys R. Dudley Stenographer III
Robert B. Dunn Administrative Officer I
Claude L. Edwards Stock Clerk II
Robert B. Godwin Cotnm.odity Distribution Representative
Catherine S. Holden Typist II
Don M. Honeycutt Stock Clerk II
James M. Hunter, Jr Warehouse Manager I
Barbara F. King Stenographer II
Cecil L. Morris Warehouse Manager I
Jerry M. Narron Commodity Distribution Representative
Geraldine p. Pearce Accounting Clerk II
Mary L. Pinkham Commodity Distribution Nutritionist
Clarence Riggsbee Heavy Truck Driver
Nellie M. Sanders Accounting Clerk II
Walter M. Sawyer Administrative Officer I
Robert P. Selman Warehouse Manager I
Ben L. Stanfiel Commodity Distribution Representative
Melba T. Wester Accounting Clerk II
Markets
Curtis F. Tarleton Director of Agricultural Marketing
Diane S. Baker Stenographer II
Wilbur S. Brannan Marketing Specialist III
Ruby P. Britt Stenographei- HI
Mildred G. Bryan Stenographer III
Jessie T. Bunn Marketing Specialist III
Charles L. Campbell, Jr Marketing Specialist IV
Eugene E. Carroll, Jr Marketing Specialist III
Shirley T. Coats Stenographer III
John H. Cyrus Marketing Sei-vices Coo)xlinator
Linda L. Davis Stenographer II
Grover H. Dean Meat Grader Supervisor
Esther P. Duncan ' Stenographer II
Charles D. Edwards Marketi)ig So-vices Coo)-di)uito)'
Charles B. Elks Marketing Specialist V
Billie a. Fuller Steuographer III
Theresa D. Hailey Stenographer II
Norwood O. Hargrove Marketing Specialist III
Elaine J. Harvell Marketing Specialist III
Glen C. Hatcher, Sr Agricultural Engineer II
Report for 1970-1972
—
Personnel 47
James F. Hockaday, Jr Marketing Specialist IV
SpuRGEON V. Hyder Marketing Specialist III
Julius P. Jenrette Marketing Specialist IV
Wallace G. Johnson Marketing Specialist IV
Jewell M. Kelley Typist I
Henry S. Kennett Marketing Specialist III
Ethel Y. Kiker Marketiyig- Specialist III
Charles B. King, Jr Agricidtural Engineer I
Katherine B. Koppen Administrative Secretary
William E. Lane Marketing Specialist IV
Bryant C. Langston, Jr Marketing Specialist IV
Glenn N. Lilley, Jr Marketing Specialist III
Staley S. Long, Jr Marketing Specialist III
Hugh B. Martin Marketing Specialist IV
Charles L Miller, Jr Marketing Specialist III
Neill a. Morrison, Jr Marketing Specialist IV
Claude L. Nelson Marketing Specialist II
Arvid T. Peak Marketing Specialist III
Glenn T. Petty Marketing Specialist III
Lois M. Pleasants Draftsman II
H. D. QUESSENBERRY Marketing Specialist IV
Samuel G. Rand Marketing Specialist IV
Larry B. Seal Marketing Specialist III
Ellis B. Shands Marketing Specialist III
Nolan D. Smith, Jr Agricultural Engineer Trainee
Charles H. Stamey Marketing Specialist II
Annie R. Strickland Stenographer II
Elizabeth L. Taylor Stenographer III
Larry E. Tetterton Marketing Service Coordinator
Euris R. Vanderford Marketing Specialist III
David S. Walker Agricultural Engineer I
James M. Warren Marketing Specialist III
Daniel E. Wester Marketing Specialist III
Jearlean 0. Wilson Stenographer II
Cooperative Inspection Service
Eugene G. Boney, Jr Marketing Specialist III
Bobby G. Byrd Meat Grader
Larry S. Deal Marketing Specialist III
William A. Edmondson Marketing Specialist III
Roland E. Hill Meat Grader
Vallie L. Holder Stenographer III
Norman L. McIver Marketing Specialist I
Helen J. Parrish Accounting Clerk II
Kenneth L. Perry Marketing Specialist II
Shirley H. Rogers Accounting Clerk II
Labin T. Woodlief Meat Grader
Egg Inspection
Bobby G. Austell Marketing Specialist I
Guy a. Cutler Marketing Specialist IV
George E. Ingram Marketing Specialist I
Wilson T. Leggett Marketing Specialist I
William H. McCullen Marketing Specialist I
Arthur C. McCurry Marketing Specialist I
Josephine H. Ruddock Steuog)-apher II
Elvis C. Wall Marketing Specialist I
48 N. C. Department of Agriculture
Museum of Natural History
William L. Hamnett Museum of Natural History Director
LuDiE V. Ashe Housekeeping Assistant Light
Robert M. Downs Natural Science Museum Curator II
Hezekiah Goodson Housekeeping Assistant
Grace R. John Stenographer 11
ExCELL J. Pharr Messenger
Rowland M. Shelley Natural Science Museum Curator II
Renaldo G. Kuhler Natural Science Museum Curator I
Charles H. Leibrandt Taxidermist
William M. Palmer Natural Science Museum Curator II
Sarah D. Prince Clerk II
Betty R. Smith Natural Science Museum Curator I
Eugene T. Upchurch Natural Science Museum Curator II
James F. Vester Cabinetmaker
Mary M. Weathers Stenographer I
Research Stations
Paton H. Kelley Agricultural Research Station Director
Elwood a. Allen Maintenance Mechanic II
Graham E. Allen Farm Worker
William H. Armwood Farm Worker
Joseph H. Arrington Farm Foreman II
Edward R. Askew Agricultural Research Technician I
Emmett K. Atwood Farm Foremayi II
Billy N. Ayscue Farm Superiyitendeyit II
Warren H. Bailey Farm Superintendent III
Wallace R. Baker, Jr Farm. Superintendent II
Robert K. Barkley Agricultural Research Assistant
Linwood Bazemore, Jr Farm Worker
George D. Betts Farm Worker
Percy L. Braswell Farm Worker
Gene Britt Agricultural Research Technician I
William K. Brock Agricultural Research Techniciaji I
Alice F. Burchfield Stenographer II
Theodore R. Burleson, Jr Agricultural Research Technician II
Connie R. Campbell Agricultural Research Technician II
James A. Chesson Laborer
James W. Comstock Agricultural Research Assistant
George E. Cowan Farm Worker
Gwendolyn K. Cox Typist II
Harvey R. Crouse Maintenance Mechanic I
Rufus Curtis Livestock Man
Bernard R. Daniel Maintenance Mechanic I
Avery J. Davis, Jr Farm Worker
Tommy H. Davis, III Farm Worker
Wallace J. Dickens Farm Superintendent II
James R. Edwards Farm Superintendent III
Roger D. Evans Farm Worker
James J. Fletcher Dairyman
Roger D. Garr Farm Worker
James W. George Agricultural Research Assistant
Billy J. Greene Farm Worker
David S. Griffin Administrative Officer II
Carl E. Haas Agricultural Research Assistant
Gilbert E. Hall, Jr Farm Foreman II
Bernice H. Harrell Stenographer II
Garfield Harris Farm Foreman II
Hiram Hawkins Laborer
Alice J. Honeycutt Stenographer III
Report for 1970-1972
—
Personnel 49
Horace G. Hudson General Utility Man
Crawford L. Hunt Laborer-
Jimmy R. Joines Agricultural Reseaich Assistant
Freddie M. Jones Farm Worker
Merle R. King Agricultural Research Technician II
Moody Knight Farm Worker
Danny B. Lambert Laborer
Ruth O. Lane Typist II
James E. Lee Farm Worker
Anne Y. Lentz Stenographer II
Robert A. Lewis Farm Foreman II
Charles H. Luton Farm Foreman II
Charles W. Lyons Laborer
Willie L. McCaden Laborer
Wilson C. McCaden Farm Worker
Hayes L. McClure Farm Foreman II
Casper D. McLamb Maintenance Mechanic I
Clyde Z. McSwain, Jr Farm Superintendent III
Patricia C. Mitchell Stenographer II
Jessie W. Morris Far7n Worker
LoNNlE Mosby, Jr Agricultural Research Assistant
Lena M. Neaves Stenographer II
Melvin L. Oliver Farin Worker
Henry F. People Farm Worker
Thomas E. Perry Farm Foreman II
Robert O. Peterson Farm Equipment Operator
George Pettiford Farm Worker
Dalbert K. Pitter Farm Worker
Ben D. Rackley Farm Worker
France D. Ray Farin Worker
Charles G. Reagan Far7n Worker
Oliver Rice Livestock Man
Leroy Rich Fa rm Worker
Alvin W. Rivenbark Livestock Man (Dai^-yman)
John D. Roten Agricultu)-al Research Assistant
Claude S. Roupe Farm Worker
John Sasser, Jr Farm Foreman II
George Severt Farm Worker
Julia L. Skinner Typist II
Homer G. Smith Livestock Man
John W. Smith Farm Superintendent II
Thilbert a. Suggs Agricultural Research Technician I
Jesse W. Sumner Farm Superintendent II
Henry M. Tallardy Clerk II
Edgar G. Tatum Farm Foreman II
Dan LaFayette Taylor Agricultural Research Technician I
James C. Taylor Farm Foreman II
Raymond E. Tew Farm Worker
John H. Thomas Maintenance Mechanic I
Levy C. Todd Farm Worker
Sammy L. Tucker Faryn Worker
Dana F. TUgman Farm Superiiitendent II
Katherine S. Waters Typist II
Lloyd Watson Farm Worker
Randolph Whitley Agricultural Research Technician I
James F. Williams Farm Worker
50 N. C. Department of Agriculture
Soil Testing
Donald W. Eaddy Soil Testing Director
Shirley S. Bowling Agncultural Chemist
Murphy H. Cain Lahoratoi-y Helper
Carolyn O. Copeland Analytical Chemist I
Ramona G. Digh Laboratory Technician
JoAnn C. Eidenberger Key Punch Operator II
Wanda K. Elayadi Typist II
Albert L. Hatfield Agronomist II
Audrey H. Hayes Cle7^k II
Carolyn C. Holt Stenographer III
Violet R. Humphries Laboratory Technician
Sarah P. Johnson Agricultural Chemist
Ruth B. Lewis Agncultural Chemist
JuANiTA U. Matthews Agricultural Chemist
Janet P. Privette Key Punch Operator II
Roger E. Sugg Agronomist I
Peggy J. Swinson Steyiographer II
Pauline N. Wilder Agricultural Chemist
Sue p. Williams Agricultural Chemist
Crop Statistics
Raymond R. Alford, Jr Office Machine Operator Supervisor
Mary S. Allen Statistical Analyst II
Betty P. Baker Statistical Aide
Phyllis L. Boykin Key Punch Operator II
Georgie T. Bynum Statistical Aide
Carolyn R. Cox Public Information Assistant
Charlie H. Cross, Jr Duplicating Unit Supervisor I
Martha F. Early Statistical Analyst III
Evelyn L. Finch Vari-Type Operator III
Kathryn H. Hicks Key Punch Operator II
William C. Hinson, Jr Agricultural Statistician
Jewell B. Hussey Statistical Analyst I
Ida L. King Statistical Aide
Minnie H. Langley Vari-Type Operator III
Wayne S. Leary Farm Census Supervisor
Florine C. Leonard Statistical Aide
James W. Lineberger, Jr Computer Programmer II
Julian K. Matthews Duplicating Equipment Operator II
Mary D. Matthews Statistical Analyst I
Anne L. Riker Key Punch Operator II
Natalie R. Shearin Statistical Aide'
Larry E. Snipes Statistician (Agriculture) GG
State Warehouse Fund
William G. Parham, Jr Warehouse System, Superintendent
Clifford J. McNeill, Jr. Warehouse Examiner
Frances L. O'Neal Stenographer III\
Marilyn M. Pate Typist Il\
FOOD DISTRIBUTION
Jay p. Davis
Director
Two hundred million pounds of food were distributed by this
division during the biennium. The wholesale value of food dis-tributed
was 72.5 million dollars. The number of persons in the
state benefiting from the use of donated foods was 1,134,001.
The Food Distribution Division, in cooperation with the United
States Department of Agriculture, administers the Food Dis-tribution
Program in this state, and it is through this program
that foods are received for distribution to eligible groups within
the state. The division has the responsibility for requisitioning,
storing, transporting, and distributing foods to all eligible groups
in the state. Eligible groups include school lunchrooms, serving
meals to children of high school grade or under; charitable insti-tutions,
such as state mental hospitals; correctional and rehabili-jtation
institutions, sanatoriums, orphanages; non-profit day care
jcenters; summer camps for boys and girls; and needy families.
jSuch food is also available for use in the event of disasters.
52 N. C. Department of Agriculture
Foods distributed under the program are acquired by the U.S.
Department of Agriculture under its price-support, surplus re-moval,
school lunch, and other food supply programs. In recent
years, emphasis has shifted from the price-support aspect of the
program to that of supplying foods to help meet the nutritional
requirements of eligible groups.
Within the framework of applicable federal legislation and
regulations, this division develops and implements policies, pro-cedures,
and regulations governing the operation of the program
within the state.
Groups Eligible To Receive USDA Donated Foods — In the
following paragraphs, we are giving a brief explanation of the
groups of eligible recipients and the plan of operation which we
use to supply food to each group.
School Lunchrooms—The Food Distribution Program is a very
important component of the National School Lunch Program,
under which nutritious meals are made available to students at a
very reasonable cost. The 28 million dollars' worth of foods dis-tributed
to lunchrooms during the biennium furnished approxi-mately
one-fourth of the total food requirement of the lunchrooms,
thus enabling them to serve well-balanced meals to children at a
cost of 35-45 cents, which is only a fraction of the value of the
lunch. Federal, state, and local funds make up almost fifty percent
of the cost of the lunch—with the 35-45 cents paid by the child
making up the difference. The contribution of donated foods to
lunchrooms also assists the lunchroom financially so that free and
reduced priced meals can be served to those children whose
families are economically unable to pay the full lunch charge.
Schools participating in the National School Lunch Program are
required to serve lunches that consist of a minimum of two ounces
of meat or protein substitute, three-fourth cup of vegetables or
fruit and vegetables, one-half pint of whole milk, bread and butter
or fortified margarine. The lunchrooms, of course, must buy
approximately three-fourths of their total requirement of food
locally and these purchases represent a very considerable market
for our local farmers, processors, and businesses. During the past
two years, lunchrooms purchased locally approximately 83 mil
lion dollars' worth of food.
Charitable Institutions — Donated foods are made available to
charitable institutions to enable them to improve the quality of
meals served to patients and residents. The financial value of the
foods also assists in the cost of meals for the patients who are
Report for 1970-1972
—
Food Distribution 53
unable to pay the charge for services provided. Recipient institu-tions
are required to maintain the normal expenditures for food
and to use the donated foods so as to improve the meals rather than
substituting USDA donated foods for foods normally purchased.
Child Care and Development Centers — Increased emphasis
has been given to providing nutritious food for such facilities as
head start programs and child care centers. The variety and
quantity of foods available for use in such institutions has in-creased
and our division has made a special effort to assure that
such foods are made available to such centers. Storage and trans-portation
is a problem with such centers since many of them are
relatively small, serving between 20 and 50 children. Child care
centers which serve children of low-income families and of work-ing
mothers are eligible to participate in the program. Other
centers which serve some or all of the children free or at a
nominal charge are also eligible.
Summer Camps — During the summer months, we provided
USDA donated foods to summer camps for boys and girls to help
assure nutritious, adequate meals. Such camps, to be eligible,
must be operated on a non-profit basis and serving children of
high school grade and under. Eligible camps include the FFA
camps, 4-H camps, camps operated by church and civic groups,
boy scout and girl scout camps, and other non-profit groups.
Camps operate over varying periods of time, extending from one
or two weeks to the entire summer.
Needy Families — During the past several years, and par-ticularly
during the biennium, there has been a tremendous in-crease
in emphasis on the foods supplied to meet the nutritional
requirements of low-income families. The number and
variety of foods has more than doubled, with the latest retail
value of foods reaching approximately $17.00 per person per
month. This compares with a retail value of $6.00 per person per
month for foods which were being distributed ten years earlier.
The 24 different foods being distributed during the biennium will,
if properly used, furnish almost 100 percent of the daily nutri-tional
requirements of a family. It is, of course, advisable that the
family supplement the foods received with such items as fresh
vegetables and fresh meats, either grown or purchased by the
family. The phase of the program dealing with needy families is
hi administered in cooperation with the boards of county commis-
,r« sioners in each county. The county social services departments
54 N. C. Department of Agriculture
receive applications and determine eligibility of the families
applying for participation in the food program. At the close of the
biennium, all one hundred counties in North Carolina were
operating a food program for needy families.
Using the Food Distribution Handbook, issued by the Food
Distribution Division, the county departments of social services
use the following criteria in determining eligibility of families:
(1) Families are eligible if they are receiving Public Assistance
Payments under one of the following Social Security cate-gories:
a. Old Age Assistance
b. Aid to Families with Dependent Children
c. Aid to the Permanently and Totally Disabled
d. Aid to the Blind
(2) Other needy families are eligible if they have an income of
less than the following amounts:
Family of one person $130.00 per month
Family of two persons 170.00 per month
Family of three persons 215.00 per month
Etc.
The second group listed above includes many low-income families
such as seasonal farm workers, part-time laborers, day laborers,
and other persons engaged in low-paying or part-time work.
Supplemental Food Program — Under this program an effort
is made to improve the nutrition of high-risk groups. These groups
are defined as: Expectant and nursing mothers and infants.
Special allocations of high protein foods are provided. This pro-gram
is operated with the cooperation of the county department
of health. The county health departments may certify for the sup-plemental
foods any mothers or infants whom they find to be in
need of additional food for medical or health reasons. No family
income requirement is used other than that health departments
may certify only those families whom they would certify for other
county health department services. This program is an effort to
assure the physical and mental development of the child during
early stages of life. Medical science has recently shown that a
good supply of food, especially protein-rich foods, is essential if the
body, particularly the brain of a child, is to develop normally. At
the end of June 1972, 28 counties were participating in the pro-gram
with applications from other counties being processed.
Report for 1970-1972
—
B'ood Distribution 55
Disaster and Emerj^ency Feedinj^ — The Food Distribution
Division has a major responsibility for providing food during
disasters resulting from flood, fire, freeze, earthquake, tornado,
hurricane, landslide, explosion, or other causes. Victims of such
disasters have first priority in the use of USDA donated foods.
Our division makes every effort to meet their food needs promptly.
The food which we have available in school lunchrooms, institu-tions,
and state warehouses is available for use in emergencies,
also the facilities of school lunchrooms and other cooperating
agencies to be able to prepare and serve the meals to disaster
victims. During the biennium, no major scale disasters have
occurred which have necessitated disaster and emergency feeding.
If such disasters do occur in the future, we have the plan and
means to provide food needs during such emergencies.
Transportation and Warehousing—The department leases and
operates state warehouses at Asheville, Salisbury, and Butner
which provide a minimum amount of storage for the program.
The majority of the foods which are distributed to schools are
shipped from the processing plant or government storage directly
to strategic points throughout the state. From these points, dis-tribution
is made from the freight car door or truck to recipient
agencies. Each school unit provides a truck for hauling the foods
from the unloading point to the school storages. The three state
warehouses are utilized chiefly for receiving, storing, and re-shipping
foods to the county distribution centers which serve
needy families and all of the institutions, except for a few very
large ones. It appears to be essential that we expand our state
warehouse facilities so that we might receive, store, and distribute
a major portion of the foods which are distributed to schools.
Currently, only emergency shipments of food are supplied from
the state warehouses to school units. The regular shipments which
are made on a quarterly or annual basis move directly to the
schools from the vendor or government storage.
Financing — Cost of the program is borne jointly by federal,
state, and county governments. The donated foods are made avail-able
to the state without charge. The storage, transportation, and
distribution within the state, however, is borne chiefly by the state
and county agencies. State funds pay for the rent and operation
of the state warehouses and for the transportation of foods from
the state warehouses to county distribution centers. State funds
are also distributed to counties to pay approximately one-half of
56 N. C. Department of Agriculture
the cost of storing and distributing of food to needy families at
the county level. Federal funds are also used to improve and
expand the distribution of foods to needy families.
Statistical Summary — Information regarding value of USDA
donated foods received in the state and the quantity distributed
to each county is given in the following summary. This informa-tion
is given in answer to many inquiries received from various
individuals in the state as well as from members of Congress.
VALUE OF USDA DONATED FOODS DISTRIBUTED
1970-72 Biennium
County
Alamance . .
Alexander .
Alleghany .
Anson
Ashe
Avery
Beaufort . . .
Bertie
Bladen . . . .
Brunswick .
Buncombe .
Burke
Cabarrus . .
Caldwell . . .
Camden . . .
Carteret . . .
Caswell . . .
Catawba . .
Chatham
Cherokee .
.
Chowan . . .
Clay
Cleveland . .
Columbus . .
Craven . . .
.
Cumberland
Currituck . .
Dare
Davidson . .
Schools
502,273
99,167
54,255
141,300
110,332
82,124
236,028
134,279
180,630
124,766
754,455
334,526
461,223
326,147
36,652
159,798
119,897
577,176
181,262
92,555
76,175
36,314
458,437
345,017
268,397
,150,218
37,802
33,586
523,448
^Charitable
Institutions
$ 9,445
11
3,574
654
226
3,048
5,182
1,593
3,431
427
55,195
125,174
13,884
4,226
1,352
770
2,533
2,542
1,014
11,338
2,287
11,043
545
7,037
Needy
Fam Hies
165,515
237,965
254,734
429,939
440,085
614,389
1,785,737
26,575
401,397
112,348
450,485
591,305
396,727
49,572
241,798
1,281,885
3,171,038
125,539
627,781
Total
677,233
337,143
312,563
141,954
540,497
525,257
855,599
135,872 I
184,061
125,193
2,595,387
486,275
475,107
731,770
149,000
611,635
711,972
579,709
183,804
489,282
125,747
279,000
459,451
356,355
1,552,569J
4,332,299
163,886
33,586
1,158,266
Report for 1970-1972
—
Food Distribution 57
County
Davie
Duplin
Durham
Edgecombe
Forsyth
Franklin . . . .
Gaston
Gates
Graham
Granville . . . .
Greene
Guilford
Halifax
Harnett
Haywood . . . .
Henderson . . .
Hertford
Hoke
Hyde
Iredell
Jackson
Johnston . . . .
Jones
Lee
Lenoir
Lincoln
Macon
Madison
Martin
McDowell . . .
Mecklenburg .
Mitchell
Montgomery
Moore
Nash
New Hanover
Northampton
Onslow
* Charitable ** Needy
>ols I)istiti(tiotis Families Total
119,336 — — 119,336
238,513 9,560 845,897 1,093,970
664,049 24,290 — 688,339
269,497 45 — 269,542
1,099,977 40,916 — 1,140,893
143,832 58 — 143,890
772,979 9,702 1,549,112 2,331,793
56,973 56 337,076 394,105
37,005 14 184,004 221,023
199,376 95,082 — 294,458
99,876 1,871 — 101,747
1,306,045 37,894 3,496,029 4,839,968
355,399 39 130,477 485,915
284,071 333 — 284,404
242,037 4,240 895,123 1,141,400
221,790 10,871 402,687 635,348
123,996 21 1,222,169 1,346,186
128,828 34,540 565,062 728,430
34,045 1,077 483,603 518,725
393,669 6,485 — 400,154
100,675 439 412,487 513,601
365,013 5,113 — 370,126
71,856 — 725,597 797,453
178,095 1,248 — 179,343
311,715 92,840 — 404,555
190,539 687 — 191,226
108,664 722 285,330 394,716
81,894 — 876,632 958,526
164,032 11,807 — 175,839
161,438 2,468 — 163,906
1,722,954 59,388 5,993,080 7,775,422
79,807 161 646,498 726,466
142,769 157 — 142,926
198,217 18,458 — 216,675
423,737 12,801 — 436,538
377,930 2,908 — 380,838
170,255 19 52,514 222,788
326,206 2,839 595,740 924,785
58 N. C. Department of Agriculture
County Schools
* Charitable
Institutions
** Needy
Families Total
Orange 224,477 18,623 128,664
Pamlico 60,056 3,091 251,642
Pasquotank 125,896 — 594,596
Pender 122,262 2,353 497,759
Perquimans 46,501 — 336,331
Person 176,759 474 —
Pitt 391,850 4,500 —
Polk 60,169 2,080 —
Randolph 401,529 — 420,650
Richmond 197,040 29,828 —
Robeson 674,526 6,120 —
Rockingham 409,734 3,589 —
Rowan 449,445 3,960 763,172
Rutherford 265,838 22,706 583,943
Sampson 318,399 1,428 33,409
Scotland 172,705 17,247 —
Stanly 255,925 1,912 —
Stokes 132,898 4,532 329,747
Surry 314,674 3,312 —
Swain 38,555 4,654 387,458
Transylvania 105,667 3,764 177,563
Tyrrell 30,099 1,027 205,992
Union 337,624 3,074 —
Vance 206,787 1,160 —
Wake 1,169,784 572,016 3,425,467
Warren 116,668 6,348 —
Washington 97,157 — 730,482
Watauga 108,788 4,511 52,901
Wayne 514,589 169,977 14,398
Wilkes 274,428 2,033 834,558
Wilson 311,759 10,852 1,447,639
Yadkin 146,039 — 254,892
Yancey 75,986 611 427,817
TOTALS $27,939,941 $ 1,662,350 $43,003,011
Inv. Adj. —
* Includes Summer Camps and Child Development Centers
'=* Includes Supplemental Food Program
371,764
314,789
720,492
622,374
382,832
177,233
396,350
62,249
822,179
226,868
680,646
413,323
1,216,577
872,487
353,236 !
189,952
257,837
467,177
317,986
430,667
286,994
237,118
340,698
207,947
5,167,267
123,016 (
827,639
j
166,200
j
698,964 I
1,111,0191
1,770,250
400,931
504,414
$72,605,302
101,673
$72,503,629
Report for 1970-1972—Food Distribution 59
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( , MARKETS DIVISION
Curtis F. Tarleton
Director
As a marketing service agency primarily but also charged with
specific regulatory responsibilities, the Division of Markets strives
to "serve the producer while protecting the consumer".
Our service work takes many forms and involves a variety of
activities, all of which are intended to increase efficiency in the
marketing of farm products. Requests for these services reached
a new high during the 1970-72 biennium as farmers were again
faced with rising production costs. While our staff of experienced
specialists were able to render direct assistance in response to
many of these requests, it was necessary to again utilize mass
communication media, group meetings and specially prepared
materials to get needed and helpful information to producers, as
well as to other market interests.
We are grateful for the fact that we were adequately staffed
during the biennium to respond to requested service needs with a
Report for 1970-1972
—
Markets 61
minimum of delay. However, we were not able to perform our
regulatory responsibilities to the extent needed because of lack
of personnel assigned to this work. This was true in administering
the N. C. Egg Law, Handlers Act and the Farm Products Brand-ing
Law. Our budget request for the 1973-75 biennium includes
minimum needs for carrying on the regulatory work of the
division.
A summary of the division's activities during 1970-72 follows:
Determining and designating the official grade of farm products is one of the
primary responsibilities of the Markets Division.
Livestock
(Market Development)
Livestock, which is an excellent enterprise for increasing farm
income both in part-time and full-time farming operations, has
become one of the major sources of farm income in North Carolina.
This state now ranks eleventh in pork production and is becoming
more important each year in the production of feeder cattle.
To provide market service assistance to the state's livestock
industry during the biennium, division specialists strived to help
all segments of the industry. For producers, this meant buying
or selling by private treaty or collectively in special pools or sales.
For the livestock auction market, it meant planning sales, con-signing
livestock, grading and grouping for sales, contacting
buyers and assisting with sales. For packers and producers, it
meant procurement of livestock for slaughter.
62 N. C. Department of Agriculture
Feeder Pigs
Graded Quality Sales
Total Head
Marketed
Place of Sale Dunng Biennium
Hillsborough 57,358
Greensboro 60,573
Fayetteville 38,141
Wallace, Chadbourn 113,403
Norwood 32,331
Statesville 61,801
Rich Square 18,386
Asheville 5,906
Total 387,899
Non-Graded Quality Sales
Rocky Mount and Dunn 367,600
Place of Sale
Greenville . . .
Swan Quarter
Monroe
Roxboro ....
Total
Graded Market Hog Sales
No. of Sales
100
53
102
45
300
A^o. of Head
37,321
24,135
49,598
16,581
127,635
During this biennium swine marketing took on a whole new
perspective. Feeder pigs, for example, now are sold to feed-lot
operators in North Carolina and several other states without the
buyer's appraisal before they buy. This is done by means of a
telephone auction, and on the basis of the respect buyers have for
the grades applied to the pigs by our specialists. In 1970-1972 a
total of 339 graded quality feeder pig sales were held at eight
locations in which 387,899 pigs were sold to feed-lots in eight
states. Value of these pigs was in excess of $12 million. The effect
of the graded sales can be multiplied many times because prices
paid at the sales influenced prices farmers received for pigs sold
on their farms.
Since June 1970 swine marketing specialists have assisted
farmers in marketing 127,635 market hogs on a grade basis. This
Report for 1970-1972
—
Markets 63
method of marketing was established through the cooperation of
the North Carolina Farm Bureau. In July 1970 grading was being
done at three locations and a fourth location was added at Roxboro
in October of that year. Grading is proving to be a necessary tool
for the improvement of hogs throughout this state.
Swine marketing specialists served as official judges for fourteen
North Carolina Junior Livestock Shows during the biennium and
assisted at seven other junior shows. Eight Junior Livestock
Judging Contests were conducted for 4-H and F.F.A. members.
Efforts being spent at these shows are aimed at improving market
hogs and developing swine producers for tomorrow.
Our swine specialists have worked in conjunction with the
North Carolina Pork Producers' Association to promote purebred
sales, feeder pig sales, market hog shows and carcass events. Joint
demonstrations were held to show consumers and producers the
correlation between live hogs and pork cuts.
Through the efforts of these specialists, the market for breeding
stock has been expanded beyond the boundaries of our country.
Several North Carolina produced hogs have found their way to
homes in several foreign countries, with other export orders in
the making for other countries abroad.
More than 300 farmers were assisted in purchasing herd boars
and replacement gilts in an effort to improve the quality of pigs
and hogs being marketed in North Carolina. Purebred breeders
were assisted in holding 22 private sales, 9 state sales, 2 all-breed
sales and 2 national type conference sales.
Events such as swine shows, fairs, grading demonstrations,
conferences, tours, field days, and other educational meetings were
conducted by or participated in by our specialists. Efforts were
concentrated on improving quality and expanding markets for
North Carolina grown pigs and pork.
There was a noticeable increase in feeder calf production in
;North Carolina during the biennium. And with this came an
increase in demand for our feeder calves and feeder cattle, both
yearling steers and spring stockers over a much wider area of the
country. North Carolina feeder cattle brought the highest prices
in the fall of 1971 and spring of 1972 since the special graded sales
were started in the early 1950's.
During the biennium, our specialists in cooperation with the
N. C. Cattlemen's Association, Extension livestock specialists, and
the North Carolina Feeder Cattle Committee, scheduled 80 special
feeder cattle sales, selling 85,398 head of feeder calves, yearling
steers and spring stocker cattle for $15,038,324.56.
64 N. C. Department of Agriculture
Ki)id of Sale No. of Sales No. of Head Total Dollars
Feeder Calf 43 43,430 $ 6,658,089.20
Yearling Steers . . 22 26,752 5,575,459.71
Spring Stockers . . 15 15,216 2,804,775.65
Total 80 85,398 $ 15,038,324.56
This is the first biennium that total numbers of cattle did not
show a material increase; yet total dollars increased. Prices
were good and more contracting or direct sales were made than
usual. The volume in state graded sales has attracted buyers from
midwestern, northwestern and southeastern points of the United
States, and they have done some country buying to their advan-tage,
but this tends to happen on a rising market.
Specialists assisted livestock markets with eight graded sales
during the biennium that were not included in the special state
sponsored sales, selling over 6,000 cattle. Over 25,000 cattle were
inspected on farms and advised as to how and when to market.
Feeders were helped in selling 1,665 fat cattle direct to packing
plants. More cattle feeders are shifting to grain on grass finishing
and silage to reduce feed costs.
Specialists assisted with 53 purebred cattle sales, grading,
judging, etc., but more important, helping producers pick breed-ing
stock, bulls and females to help improve the quality of our
commercial cattle. The production of quality feeder cattle is the
real future of the beef cattle business in North Carolina. We
definitely have a good feeder cattle marketing program.
Sheep numbers continued to decline during this period. The
lack of numbers creates definite marketing problems. During this
biennium, 10 lamb pools were held, selling 2,964 sheep and lambs,
,;
for a total of $70,835. The lambs were graded and sold to packers
outside the state, with one packing company in the state killing a
limited number, mostly off season lambs. During 1971 a coopera-tive
was formed among Virginia, West Virginia and North Caro-lina
interests to grade on farms and market lambs by telephone
auction. This is helping a few large producers and has helped the
price farmers receive for lambs.
Four wool pools were sold during the biennium, involving
160,025 pounds, which sold for $58,157. The wool was offered
for sale on a bid basis and collected and classed by personnel of
the section, working with North Carolina State University Exten-sion
personnel.
Report for 1970-1972
—
Markets 65
A total of 920 replacement ewes and 16 purebred rams were
purchased and placed with producers. A properly managed flock
of sheep is still a very profitable livestock enterprise. The trend
is toward larger flocks, with the small farm flock of 10 to 20 ewes
going out.
One specialist of this section was assigned to serve as Horse
Specialist on a part-time basis. Among the main activities he
carried out were conducting the 1971 Horse and Pony Survey,
organizing the N. C. Department of Agriculture Horse Advisory
Committee, writing a promotion booklet in cooperation with the
Department of Natural and Economic Resources, serving on the
Program Committee for the N. C. State University Horse Science
Conference, organizing the North Carolina Horse Council as well
as serving as an ex-officio director for this council.
Considerable time was devoted to the different horse shows and
breed organizations throughout the state that were planning
improvement of facilities for special horse events. As superinten-dent
of the 1972 N. C. State Fair Horse Show, he helped reorganize
and set up the event with new facilities and prospects for the most
outstanding horse show ever held at the North Carolina State
Fair. He also organized a Horse Show Committee composed of
individuals from across the state representing the various breeds
of horses and ponies to serve the State Fair show. He is serving
as manager and co-chairman for the 1972 Southern States Morgan
Horse Show which will host approximately 250 horses from 15
states here in North Carolina. He has also assisted North Carolina
State University by serving as a judge for various 4-H horse
demonstrations and shows.
Livestock
(Grading and Regulatory)
This section is responsible for certifying the quality and cut-ability
grade of beef, veal and lamb, and denoting the official
federal grades on these products.
Working through a cooperative agreement between the North
Carolina and U. S. Departments of Agriculture, four state special-ists,
licensed as USDA Meat Graders, graded carcass beef, veal
ei and lamb in 9 federal and state inspected plants. A total of 52,193
arcasses of beef weighing 31,474,477 pounds, 149 carcasses of
eii|veal weighing 26,437 pounds, and 248 carcasses of lamb weighing
2,375 pounds were graded during the biennium.
66 N. C. Department of Agriculture
This section also graded and certified 7,577,007 pounds of meat
and meat food products to state and federal institutions, using
state specifications from the Meat and Poultry Specification
Manual for North Carolina Institutions and using I.M.P.S.
Specifications on all Federal Institutions. This acceptance work
was performed in 26 state and federal plants for 20 state institu-tions,
8 city and county school systems and 10 federal institutions.
Poultry and Eggs
(Market Development)
North Carolina ranks third in the nation in the production of
turkeys, fourth in broilers, and fourth in eggs. Income from poul-try
decreased eight percent from 1969 to 1971, but production
continued to increase in North Carolina's second largest agricul-tural
industry. The combined income from poultry during 1971
was $306,603,000, down from $332,990,000 in 1969.
The 1971 production of eggs in North Carolina was 3,597,-
000,000, an increase of 5.6 percent over 1969. The income of $117
million showed a decline of $10 million, as compared to 1969. The
average sale price per dozen in 1971 was 39.6 cents, as compared
to 47.5 cents in 1967, thus, explaining the revenue loss of $10
million to the state.
Turkey production in North Carolina during 1971 amounted to
10,469,000 from which a record income of $41,771,000 was
realized. Turkeys were the only segment of the poultry industry
in which the income increased over the 1969 totals.
The production of broilers in 1971 increased 9 million head over
1969 while income decreased $11 million to $147,630,000. Broilers
still rank second only to tobacco in agricultural income for North
Carolina.
Increased production of broilers and eggs has had a disastrous i
effect on the individual producer and total poultry economy of this-:
state. The inability of industry management to produce in line
with demand for the product is a national as well as state problem.
The industry has made concerted efforts to regulate production,;
but to no avail. Thus, a turn to more automation and labor
reduction in efforts to reduce cost.
Our poultry and egg specialists have worked closely with indus-try
during the biennium, as is indicated by the 859 assistance
visits during the period. The problem in industry receiving the
most attention was the PCB contamination of broilers and eggs
There are no figures available to estimate the dollar loss to
Report for 1970-1972
—
Markets 67
industry resulting from PCB contamination of fish meal used in
poultry feed. Specialists from this section worked closely with
USDA, FDA. and the State Chemist in an effort to locate, test,
destroy, and/or clear all affected products.
In addition to PCB contamination, more sensitive test equip-ment
and environmental concerns necessitated extremely close
checks of feed ingredients for residues. Equipment was designed
and installed in several poultry plants to clean feathers from
coops to prevent littering along streets and highways.
Assistance was provided to the Central Distribution Food
Center of N. C. Prison Department to develop new specifications
for egg products and turkeys to more nearly meet the needs of
using units.
All egg grading for the N. C. Random Sample Test was handled
by the specialists in Poultry & Eggs. Assistance was also supplied
to N. C. State University in the area of feed sample collections for
residue testing.
Personnel set up and conducted food preparation (poultry &
eggs) demonstrations at the N. C. State Fair. These demonstra-tions
in the food kitchen were conducted in cooperation with the
promotion section and the various trade associations.
A number of feasibility studies were conducted varying from
changing from a one shift to a multiple shift plant, to a complete
layout, equipping and staffing a proposed plant with revenue
estimates for the first year of operation.
Classes were conducted on poultry and eggs for home economics
students at both high school and college levels.
Personnel of this section served as instructors at the South-eastern
Egg Quality Schools in Lexington, Kentucky and Athens,
Georgia. There was continued cooperation with all related poultry
associations and service organizations, both in North Carolina
and throughout the Southeast.
Poultry and Eggs
(Grading and Regulatory)
The Poultry and Egg Grading Section is operated under a
ooperative agreement with the State and Federal Government
ind is responsible for the official grading of poultry, shell eggs
* md egg products in North Carolina. Primarily, the activities per-
*^' brmed by this section are in the following areas: plants through-mtthe
state having resident graders; fee grading, service rendered
gg> o firms or individuals desiring the service other than on a
t(
68 N. C. Department of Agriculture
resident basis; Veterans Administration; military installations;
school lunch program; service to state institutions; supermarket
quality checks; and Mandatory Egg Products Inspection Act.
Presently the grading service employs 13 licensed poultry
graders, 12 shell egg licensed grades, and 4 egg product inspectors.
Additionally, there are 3 relief graders licensed in each of the
products. This personnel is stationed in 20 plants in the state that
subscribe to the grading service. Each plant under contract
operates under strict sanitation requirements, thus assuring the
consumer of a better product; a product that is processed, graded,
and packaged in accordance with all state and federal regulations.
Marketing efficiency of the various products is increased by the
proper certification of class, condition, and quality.
During the biennium, visits were made on a regular basis to
give all possible assistance to each plant. Equipment and facilities
were surveyed and technical assistance given when needed. Addi-tionally,
visits were made to plants considering the installation
of the grading service and suggestions made for improvements
which would enable them to conform with requirements as stated
in the USDA regulations.
Following are figures showing the volume of products graded
for this biennium in comparison with the previous biennium:
1968-70 1970-72 Percent
' Biennium Biennium Increase
Shell Eggs (Dozens) 90,027,650 95,488,830 6
Frozen Eggs (Pounds) 12,270,569 15,479,389 26
Chickens (Pounds) 579,869,418 589,607,200 2
Turkeys (Pounds) 200,528,262 247,402,982 23
Egg Law
Education was the key to success with the North Carolina Egg
Law during the last biennium. Specialists, working with the law,
worked closely with the egg industry to improve egg quality,
educate the consumer, and enforce the law justly and fairly.
{
Progress was made as can be seen from the decrease in violations.
Fiscal year 1971 showed 17.6% violations while fiscal year 1972
showed 14.7%
.
Work was begun in cooperation with the U. S. Department of
Agriculture on the Egg Products Inspection Act. All egg products
plants operating under the North Carolina Egg Law were visited
and notified as to the requirements of the Act. Several follow-up
Report for 1970-1972
—
Markets 69
The N.C. Egg Law requires inspection of eggs offered for sale at the retail level.
visits were made to assure compliance. All egg products plants
now produce pasteurized egg products under supervision of an
inspector.
To coordinate a closer working relationship with producers and
processors, visits were made to retail stores with producers and
processors so they could observe and compare their egg quality at
the production and processing level.
Our goal has been to improve and promote egg quality and
markets in North Carolina. In order to do this we have worked
closely with other departments of state government to acquaint
them with the benefits of the law. Close contact was maintained
with industry members by attending professional meetings of the
industry.
Administration of the Egg Law involved visits to 18,740 retail
facilities during the biennium. Personnel visited and worked with
1,166 producers and distributors in an effort to correct producer
and distributor violations. Hearings were held with 15 violators
in an effort to secure compliance without court action. The depart-ment
brought one court case against a persistent violator during
the biennium.
70 N. C. Department of Agriculture
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Report for 1970-72
—
Markets 71
Tobacco
Functions of the Tobacco Section during the 1970-72 biennium
were divided into two major categories: Statutory compliance
related to tobacco marketing; and services to improve quality and
marketing efficiency.
Under Chapter 106 of the General Statutes, the Commissioner
of Agriculture is held responsible for certain functions related to
the marketing of flue-cured and burley tobacco in North Carolina.
These responsibilities were delegated to the Tobacco Section. As
required by law, certified leaf sale reports were collected each
month during the marketing season from each of the approxi-mately
200 auction warehouses that operated in North Carolina
during the biennium. This data was recorded in a permanent
ledger as required, and from this record a summary sales report
by markets was prepared and distributed to news media and a
circularized mailing list each month during the marketing season.
At the end of each marketing season of the 1970-1972 biennium,
annual issues of the North Carolina Tobacco Report bulletins
were prepared. This bulletin, which contains one of the largest
accumulations of pertinent tobacco information, was distributed
upon request to about 6,000 individuals, agencies and firms
throughout the tobacco and other related industries.
As required by law, a summary report was also prepared each
year for the N. C. Department of Revenue. This report shows
volume of sales for each of the 200 warehouses in the state accord-ing
to counties and markets. This data is used by the Revenue
Department as a basis for establishing privilege license tax for
each warehouse operator according to volume of sales. Spot
checks were also made during the flue-cured and burley marketing
seasons relative to warehouse charges, which are established by
law, and other minor regulations pertaining to the marketing of
tobacco.
Through the AMA service program, several areas of work were
pursued during the biennium to improve marketable quality of
tobacco and efficiency in marketing. Among these were:
1. Chemical Residues — The Tobacco Section, in conjunction
with the pesticide section of the Chemistry Division, and in co-operation
with N. C. State University and the Tobacco Grower
Information Committee, helped to bring about noticeable progress
during the 1970-72 biennium in reducing residue levels of DDT
and TDK on leaf tobacco. The results of industry-wide sampling
of the 1971 crop of flue-cured tobacco showed that these pesticide
levels had been reduced from an average of 37 parts per million
72 N. C. Department of Agriculture
in 1968 to an average of 3.8 parts per million in 1971 — a reduc-tion
of 90 percent. However, further efforts are essential in order
to meet the standard of 0.1 parts per million established by our
number one foreign customer, West Germany.
2. Foreign Matter and Uniformity of Grades — Efforts to im-prove
uniformity of grades and market acceptability of flue-cured
and burley tobacco was also given priority during the last bien-nium.
Through the use of mass news media and through group
meetings, most tobacco growers in North Carolina were reached
in a continuing effort to assist them in doing a better job of pre-paring
their tobacco for market. Through this broad contact,
growers were urged to remove foreign matter from all tobacco
and to make grade more uniform by culling out undesirable leaves
so as to better meet market demands and at the same time increase
returns to growers. Based on reliable reports, there was a decrease
in the amount of foreign matter found in buying companies pur-chases
during the 1971 season.
3. Current Market Situation Outlook — In cooperation with
vo-ag teachers. Extension Service, farm organizations, and
through mass news media, a continuing program to keep flue-cured
and burley growers informed of the current tobacco situa-tion
and market outlook was carried out during the winter and
spring months each year. This kept growers informed of the ever
changing tobacco situation, and gave them an opportunity to
adjust to meet the situation at hand.
4. Cooperation with ARS-USDA Research Program — A close
working relationship was maintained with the USDA market
mechanization research program and assistance was given ware-housemen
in applying approved practices to bring about a more
orderly marketing situation. These practices, such as scheduling
of farmer's tobacco to warehouse, and the use of mechanical
means of moving tobacco on and off of sales floor, has resulted in
more orderly marketing in firms where they are being used.
5. Packaging of Loose Leaf Flue-Cured Tobacco — Tobacco
marketing specialists continued to cooperate with N. C. State
University in long range industry programs to develop more
efficient means of packaging loose leaf tobacco.
6. Assistance was given the Industry Flue-Cured Marketing
Committee in working out market schedules and in dealing with
problems that arose in North Carolina markets during the 1970-
1972 seasons. Markets in various belts were assisted in making
application of schedules adopted by the marketing committee.
7. Early in 1972, NCDA tobacco marketing specialists out-lined
an industry wide program to curb the spread of the tobacco
Report for 1970-1972
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Markets 73
moth and cigarette beetle in cured tobacco leaving the farmer's
packhouse and entering the market. One phase of this program
will be implemented by the buying companies prior to the 1972
marketing season. Efforts will be continued in this project.
Cotton
During this biennium the Cotton Section gave assistance to
cotton ginners under the following categories: cotton gin work,
cotton quality improvement, cotton ginner group activities, cotton
ginner information programs, cotton gin and cotton mill environ-mental
control programs, cotton marketing programs, occupa-tional
health and safety programs, and cotton storage programs.
Over the last two years the marketing of North Carolina cotton
has shifted from a buyers market to a sellers market. This shift
reflects the disappearance of large government stock of cotton due
to a reduction of the cotton allotments for domestic consumption
and poor growing seasons over parts of the cotton belt.
As a natural function of supply and demand, the price of cotton
has risen dramatically. This price should remain high for the
next few years due to the cotton acreage control program for
domestic consumption which carries a price support payment.
Acreage for export and acreage planted above allotment do not
carry a price support payment. World stocks, while shrinking,
have not disappeared to the point of driving world prices up to be
attractive to North Carolina producers yet. Other domestic occur-rences,
if they continue as they are headed, could cause the
availability of additional markets both domestic and foreign.
Poor weather conditions in North Carolina have caused a reduc-tion
in the potential harvest of cotton. The price level though has
held enthusiasm high. The acreage shift from smaller producers
to larger producers has continued and has caused a shifting of
ginning services and a reallocation of the resources. This is due to
the combination of smaller units forming high capacity facilities
with other smaller units who are going out of business due to lack
of potential.
Ecological concern has had its effect on the handling of gin
trash and motes. To arrive at proper and adequate controls, it
was necessary to educate the pure environmentalists concerning
the methods and equipment used in ginning that could not be
adopted to the spectrum of control equipment already available.
The use of small diameter cyclones is proving successful and
providing adequate control. Assistance has been given in registra-tion
in addition to engineering assistance in proper control
equipment.
74 N. C. Department of Agriculture
Training has been provided in OSHA (Occupational Health
and Safety Act) requirements. This consisted of three schools for
owners, managers and operating personnel. Specialist attended
the instructors school in OSHA.
The weekly cotton report was published during the ginning
season. During the last two seasons, the testing work was done at
Clemson and published each Friday. Supervision and coordination
was exercised as needed in this work.
Quality control under the Hi IQ program was continued and has
contributed to the increased price received by North Carolina
farmers.
Fruits and Vegetables
(Market Development)
Interest in fruit and vegetable production continues to increase
among North Carolina farmers. This is due in part to their
attempts to find income sources to replace that lost from acreage
reductions of their normal cash crops. It is due also to a continu-ing
interest on the part of the buyers both within and outside the
state to purchase more of their fruit and vegetable needs in North
Carolina.
As a result of this trend, our marketing specialists in these com-modities
found it necessary to broaden their base of service assist-ance
as more and more requests were made for their services.
This was particularly true of the numerous firms who sought
assistance in locating producers interested in producing one or
more of these commodities on a contractual basis. Requests in
this area of service reached an all-time high during the 1970-72
biennium.
The increase in production for fresh market also brought greater
demands for marketing assistance. Much of this was channeled
toward bringing buyer and seller together and in advising on the
use of those marketing practices that would help the farmer realize
maximum returns. A total of 140 different buyers and processing
firms were contacted during the biennium by our specialists as '
they sought to help move the state's production through the best
market outlets possible. In addition to contacting these buyers,
our specialists assisted them with such things as setting up buying
locations, transportation arrangements, official grading, setting up
handling equipment and numerous other problems that arise in
the marketing of fresh fruits and vegetables.
To aid individual producers as much as possible, personal on-farm
visits were made to the extent that time and resources would
permit. As a supplement to these visits, our specialists conducted
Report for 1970-1972
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Markets 75
320 conferences and meetings with growers, grower groups, pro-cessors
and buyers to discuss the marketing of these commodities.
In addition, they appeared on 28 radio and television programs to
pass on timely information about marketing specific crops.
These specialists, working in cooperation with the division's
promotion specialists and with individual commodity organiza-tions
sought additional outlets for North Carolina apples in
Alabama; North Carolina blueberries in Louisiana and North
Carolina sweet potatoes in Florida and Georgia. This involved
personal visits to the major chain store buyers and independent
buyers in these states, and providing them with specific informa-tion
regarding purchase of these products. As a means of acquaint-ing
other buyers with the availability of fresh fruit and vegetable
supplies in the state, our specialists prepared a bulletin giving
information on each crop relative to quantity, dates of harvest,
location, etc. These were distributed to approximately 1000 buyers
throughout the nation.
Again, in cooperation with the Promotion Section and with
Research and Extension personnel at N. C. State University, our
specialists assisted in developing a new package for marketing
North Carolina blueberries and also assisted in test marketing
the berries in the new containers in each of the two years of the
biennium. The new package was designed to reduce labor costs for
the grower by providing a package that could be packed mechanic-ally
and one that would give the berries a longer shelf life in the
store.
During the biennium there were approximately 51,000,000 pack-ages
of fresh fruits and vegetables sold commercially by North
Carolina farmers for a cash value of approximately $128,000,000.
The average acreage each year of these fresh market fruit and
vegetable crops for which marketing assistance was available was
as follows: sweet potatoes, 23,000; Irish potatoes, 14,700; peppers,
8,100; tomatoes, 2,800; strawberries, 1,900; blueberries, 5,000;
snap beans, 9,100; cabbage, 6,500; sweet corn, 5,200; cucumbers,
6,200; watermelons, 8,200; cantaloupes, 2,100 and other vege-tables,
4,200. In addition, services were available in marketing
4,000,000 bushels of apples and 640,000 bushels of peaches.
Another important source of income to North Carolina farmers
was provided through contractural production of fruits and vege-tables.
This acreage amounted to approximately 53,000 each year
of the biennium. The crops and acreages of each were: pickle
cucumbers, 31,000; sweet potatoes, 5,000; Irish potatoes, 9,000;
snap beans, 2,000; blueberries, 700; cabbage, 500; peppers, 3,500;
pumpkins, 385; others, 700.
76 N. C. Department of Agriculture
Exhibits such as this help keep the public aware of the variety and quality of
North Carolina food products.
Fruits and Vegetables
(Grading and Regulatory)
The work of this section, known throughout the fruit and
vegetable trade as the Cooperative Inspection Service, involves
determining and certifying the official grade of all fruits, vege-tables
and peanuts. It is carried on under a cooperative agreement
with the U. S. Department of Agriculture and its services are
available to producers, shippers, brokers, state institutions, mili-tary
installations and receivers throughout the state. It is a self-supporting
program financed through appropriate fees charged to
the persons or firms who request the service. It is also one of the
oldest services rendered by the division as North Carolina was one
of the first states to provide this service.
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Markets 77
The 1970-72 biennium was the most productive one the service
has experienced with personnel requirements ranging from a small
number during the winter months to 50 or more in the early
summer and up to more than 300 during the late summer and
early fall months.
The seasonal nature of the work necessitated conducting numer-ous
training classes for new personnel and refresher courses for
persons with previous inspection experience. These courses were
necessary because accuracy is essential in determining the grade
of a product and impartial application of the standards.
The standardization and inspection programs are the kind of
services that improve the performance of the entire marketing
system in ways that do not always meet the producer's or con-sumer's
eye. They benefit both producer and consumer.
The producer and shipper want to know the grade of their
product before it is shipped to a distant market. The consumer
can buy with confidence when she selects her produce by a stand-ard
quality designation. The rapid increase in consumer size
containers makes the use of official USDA grades and standards
more important. Consistently uniform quality means repeat pur-chases
by the consumer, which ultimately results in increased
sales by the producer.
As previously mentioned, this service is provided to the receiv-ing
market trade in North Carolina as it is provided to producers
and shippers of fresh fruits, vegetables and peanuts. We have
permanent offices located in Asheville, Charlotte, Raleigh and
Williamston which are staffed with some of our most experienced
inspectors. Any interested party who so desires can contact any
of these offices for an official USDA inspection.
The following statistical summary is given to show the scope,
activity and volume of fruits, vegetables and peanuts graded and
certified as to meeting official U. S. Grade Standards:
Pounds inspected at processing plants
Pounds inspected at shipping point
. 95,865,140
.493,810,104
.791,864,000
. 2,051,377
1,575
. 9,199,036
45
222
439
Pounds of farmer stock peanuts graded
Packages graded at auction markets
Carlots inspected for receivers
Pounds inspected for state and federal agencies
Number of training classes conducted
Number of new inspectors trained
Number of inspectors given refresher courses .
.
78 N. C. Department of Agriculture
Contract, Branding and Seed Potato Laws
The Handlers Act is a law designed to protect producers who
enter into written contracts with persons or firms to produce
fruits and vegetables at a stated price against unfair and illegal
practices by the handlers. The buyer must have his contract
approved, furnish a satisfactory bond as evidence of his ability to
carry out his financial obligations to the producers, and obtain a
written permit from the Commissioner of Agriculture before
entering into such contracts.
During the past biennium there were 60 permits issued to
handlers who contracted for approximately 53,000 acres of pickling
cucumbers, 5,000 acres of green beans, 3,000 acres of peppers, plus
several thousand acres of other vegetables such as squash, peas,
sweet potatoes, cabbage, carrots, tomatoes and okra grown under
contract in North Carolina. There were also in excess of 26,000
tons of fruit purchased on buying contacts. The buyers operated
325 receiving stations annually for the purpose of receiving and
shipping produce under contract.
This service is of direct benefit to the producer and it insures
the processor of an adequate supply of fruits and vegetables. In
the long run, the consumer is benefited due to planned production
based on supply and demand.
The Branding Law is designed to protect the consumers against
deceptive packing and labeling of fruits and vegetables. North
Carolina apple and peach growers and shippers recognized the
value of accurate and true labeling and asked for and received a
token appropriation for the enforcement of our branding and
labeling law. This service began in 1967, working primarily with
the growers and shippers. During the past biennium most of this
work has been focused toward wholesale and retail outlets and
has shown excellent results. Inspectors check to see that the
containers are properly marked as to name and address, (including
zip code), variety, size, volume or count, and grade. Grade mark-ings
apply to apples only. Effective July 1, 1972, all closed apple
containers must bear the applicable U. S. Grade. State grades do
not meet the marking requirements. They also check for deceptive
packing, determining if the face, top layer, or exposed portion of
the contents is representative of the remaining portion of the
receptacle, and if they meet the grade as marked. This law applies
to all apples and peaches packed for sale, offered for sale, or sold
in this state, regardless of state or origin.
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Markets 79
The Seed Potato Law is designed to protect North Carolina
producers against inferior seed potatoes shipped into this state
for propagation purposes. Eight to ten inspectors are assigned
to this work during the period when seed stock is arriving in the
potato areas. They check each lot to make sure they are certified
and meet the grade standards set forth in the law. Attempts are
made each year to bring seed potatoes into the state for propaga-tion
purposes which do not meet the requirements of our Seed
Potato Law. Our services are most helpful to producers and dealers
receiving seed which has been frozen en route. During the past
biennium, our inspectors checked 36,819,100 pounds of seed of
which 1,693,800 pounds were rejected for vario