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http://www.archive.org/details/biennialconserv19441946
ELEVENTH BIENNIAL REPORT
OF
THE DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION
AND DEVELOPMENT
OF THE
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
BIENNIUM ENDING JUNE 30, 1946
BOARD OF CONSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT
Governor R. Gregg Cherry, Chairman Raleigh
J. L. Horne, Vice Chairman _ Rocky Mount
Charles S. Allen Durham
J. Wilbur Bunn Raleigh
Oscar P. Breece Fayetteville
K. Clyde Council Wananish
R. Floyd Crouse Sparta
W. J. Damtoft.... Canton
Percy B. Ferebee Andrews
A. H. GuiON Charlotte
W. Roy Hampton Plymouth
Robert W. Proctor* Marion
Eric W. RoDCERst Scotland Neck
Miles J. Smith Salisbury
D. M. Stafford Pomona
A. K. WiNGET Albemarle
R. Bruce Etheridge, Director Raleigh
* Succeeded Dr. J. D. Rudisill, deceased.
t Succeeded J. R. Wollett, deceased.
D
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL
Raleigh, N. C.
October 15, 1946
To His Excellency, Hon. R. Gregg Cherry
Governor of North Carolina
Sir:
In accordance with Section 11, Chapter 122, Public Laws of 1925,
and by direction of the Board of Conservation and Development, I
have the pleasure of submitting herewith the Eleventh Report of the
Department of Conservation and Development for the biennium end-ing
June 30, 1946.
There are shown in this report a review of the activities of the
Department during the last two-year period and a financial statement
for the biennium.
Respectfully submitted,
R. Bruce Etheridge,
Director.
lo
3n iHemoriam
During the biennium, two valued members of the Board
of Conservation and Development have passed on to the
Great Beyond.
Dr. J. D. Rudisill, of Lenoir, died on July 29, 1945, and
J. R. WoUett, of Littleton, on June 26, 1946.
Dr. Rudisill served on the Committees on Game and
Inland Fisheries and State Advertising; and Mr. WoUett
was a member of the Committees on Forestry, Game and
Inland Fisheries, and Commercial Fisheries.
Both of the members exhibited a keen interest in the
activities of the Board and Department and devoted freely
their time and attention toward the cause of helping to
make the State a better and more prosperous place in
which to live.
Dr. Rudisill was succeeded by Robert W. Proctor, of
Marion, and Eric W. Rodgers, of Scotland Neck was ap-pointed
to fill the unexpired term of Mr. WoUett.
DEPARTMENT PERSONNEL AND
PRINCIPAL OFFICERS
(As of June 30, 1946)
ADMINISTRATIVE
R. Bruce Etheridge, Director
Paul Kelly, Assistant Director
W. Ray Bishop, Chief Auditor
Mrs. Etoyal P. Hobbie, Senior Accounting Clerk
EuLA Lincoln, Senior Accounting Clerk
EvELYNE Yelverton, Senior Stenographer-Clerk
Margaret Scott, Senior Stenographer-Clerk
Nell Wellons, Senior Stenographer-Clerk
L. W. BuNN, Principal General Clerk
Mrs. Annie W. Ragland, Junior General Clerk
DIVISION OF COMMERCIAL FISHERIES
Capt. John A. Nelson, Commissioner
D. M. Davis, Assistant Commissioner
Thos. a. Basnight, Assistant Commissioner
N. R. Webb, Principal Accounting Clerk
N. McKeithan Caldwell, District Sanitarian
Mary E. Willis, Senior Stenographer-Clerk
DIVISION OF COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY
Paul Kelly, Industrial Engineer
Philip Schwartz, Industrial Analyst
Marshall L. Shepherd, Assistant Industrial Engineer
W. C. Lehew, Assistant Industrial Engineer
Mary Lee Cowper, Senior Stenographer-Clerk
Marie Lamm, Junior Stenographer-Clerk
DIVISION OF FORESTRY AND PARKS
W. K. Beichler, State Forester
F. H. Claridge, Assistant Forester (Management)
J. R. Spratt, Assistant Forester (Fire Control)
Thomas W. Morse, Superintendent of State Parks
P. W. Tillman, Chief Forest Inspector
W. J. Clark, Forest Inspector
^irjf^Ci.
Roger D. Huff, Management Forester (in cooperation with
U. S. Forest Service)
Charlie C. Stott, Assistant Superintendent of State Parks
P. A. Griffiths, Management Assistant
R. D. MoRiN, Jr., Management Assistant
H. G. BoLiCK, Landscape Engineer
Archie B. Smith, Equipment Supervisor
M. M. Carstarphen, Law Enforcement Ranger
Mrs. Grace W. Prevost, Senior Accounting Clerk
Mrs. Edna J. Almand, Senior Stenographer-Clerk
Mrs. Mabel D. Young, Senior Stenographer-Clerk
Evelyn Sanders, Senior Stenographer-Clerk
Mrs. W. Frank Bell, Senior Accounting Clerk
Hattie Barnes, Senior Stenographer-Clerk
Mrs. Phyllis Probst, Junior Stenographer-Clerk
Mrs. J. W. McIntosh, Junior Accounting Clerk
Martha Mayo, Junior Stenographer-Clerk
DISTRICT FORESTERS
B. H. Corpening, Asheville
James A. Pippin, Rockingham James B. Hubbard, Elizabeth City
David J. Martz, Rocky Mount W. L. Brewer, Jr., Whiteville
Charles C. Pettit, Jr., Sylva
ASSISTANT DISTRICT FORESTERS
Charles M. Hartsock, Jr., Benjamin R. Harley, Fayetteville
Elizabeth City Spencer L. Wilson, New Bern
FOREST NURSERY FORESTERS
Frank J. Miller, Clayton Nursery
STATE FOREST SUPERVISORS
Eric Ericson, Elizabethtown
Thomas C. Ellis, State Forest Ranger
DISTRICT FOREST RANGERS
T. E. Begley, Asheville T. R. McMillan, Fayetteville i
E. P. Simmons, Lenoir H. S. Morrisette, Elizabeth City
A. D. Williams, Lenoir LaRue McQueen, Whiteville
N. T. Faulkner, Rockingham William S. Edmunds, Whiteville |
F. L. Hooker, New Bern Mack Ashe, Sylva i
L. W. Davis, New Bern E. C. Ferebee, New Bern
\
DISTRICT OFFICE STENOGRAPHER-CLERKS
Elizabeth Wilson, Asheville Mrs. Rosa K. Staley, Rocky
Mrs. Mary P. Clark, Lenoir Mount
Mrs. Rachel Covington, Anna Campbell, Fayetteville
Rockingham Elizabeth Harrell, Elizabeth City
Julia Weskitt, New Bern Cecile Brown, Whiteville I
Carolyn Lewis, Sylva
STATE PARK SUPERINTENDENTS
J. W. KisTLER, Crabtree Creek
STATE PARK RANGERS
Ray M. Sisk, Cliffs of the Neuse
STATE PARK WARDENS
Jesse Long, Fort Macon Grady L. Mills, Morrow Mountain
J. W. King, Crabtree Creek Charlie J. Mills, Morrow
Thomas E. Slater, Crabtree Creek Mountain
Carl R. Flinchum, Hanging Rock John R. Wilson, Mt. Mitchell
James W. Speer, Hanging Rock Thomas F. Davenport, Pettigrew
Clarine Brisson, Senior Stenographer-Clerk
FOREST NURSERYMEN
Moody M. Clemmons, Clayton Nursery
Harry Clemmons, Clayton Nursery
Pelzie Hamilton, Holmes Nursery
DIVISION OF GAME AND INLAND FISHERIES
John D. Findlay, Commissioner
Margaret C. McLean, Senior Stenographer-Clerk
BiLLiE McConnell, Senior Stenographer-Clerk
FISCAL AND PROPERTY
Lindsey B. Hopkins, Associate Engineer
Mrs. Esther C. Williamson, Senior Accounting Clerk
Mrs. Mattie R. Keys, Senior Accounting Clerk
Mary Weathers, Senior Stenographer-Clerk
PROTECTION
C. D. KiRKPATRicK, Chief of Law Enforcement
Mrs. Gertrude L. Deaton, Senior Stenographer-Clerk
E. p. Keen, Law Enforceraent Supervisor
Tom L. Rollins, Law Enforcement Supervisor
Robert F. Logan, Law Enforcement Supervisor
E. L. Nicholson, Law Enforcement Supervisor
J. Harold King, Law Enforcement Supervisor
FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
Willis King, Principal Biologist
Mrs. Grace Byrd, Senior Stenographer-Clerk
Arthur R. Shields, Senior Biologist
Ed E. Hueske, Junior Biologist
FEDERAL AID IN WILDLIFE RESTORATION
Dennis Hart, Coordinator
Elsie Proctor, Senior Stenographer-Clerk
W. E. McCoNNAUGHEY, Jr., Project Leader
W. B. RoBBiNS, Project Leader
W. L. Hamnett, Project Leader
Robert J. Wheeler, Jr., Project Leader
Fred Mahan, Project Leader
EDUCATION
Thomas H. Walker, Senior Publicity Specialist
Jewell Eatman, Publicity Clerk
MANAGEMENT AREAS AND REFUGES
R. B. Armfield, Supervisor
DIVISION OF MINERAL RESOURCES
Jasper L. Stuckey, State Geologist
Thomas G. Murdoch, Assistant State Geologist
Philip N. Sales, Senior Chemist
E. WiLLARD Berry, Associate Geologist (part time)
Jane Anderson, Senior Stenographer-Clerk
DIVISION OF STATE ADVERTISING
W. p. Sharpe, Manager
John G. Hemmer, Senior Publicity Specialist
E. Carl Sink, Senior Publicity Specialist
Louise Mish, Senior Stenographer-Clerk
Lucille White, Junior Stenographer-Clerk
Mrs. Irma Barbour, Typist-Clerk
DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES AND ENGINEERING
W. H. Riley, Principal Engineer
F. E. Day, Associate Engineer
Raleigh T. Daniel, Chemist
Sallaine Sledge, Junior Stenographer-Clerk
REPORT OF DIRECTOR
Conditions with extraordinary variations have been confronted
during the period covered by this report. During the earlier months,
a two-front war, taxing to the limit our resources, both human and
natural, was in progress.
Later in the biennium, Germany and Japan capitulated to the United
States and her allies. Thus, war and reconversion conditions were con-fronted
during the biennium. Because our resources were devoted so
thoroughly to war purposes, the problems of reconversion were more
complex.
With the conclusion of war, an opportunity for service, perhaps
never equalled in our State, presented itself to the Department of
Conservation and Development.
The demand of the times for an aggressive conservation program
not only offers wider opportunity for service but is a challenge to
our vision and energies. We cannot, therefore, stand still in our activi-ties
if we accept the challenge to help build a more prosperous com-monwealth
and speed our people along the path of progress.
War requirements drew heavily upon our natural resources; and,
if we do not put constructive measures in force, the productivity of
some of these resources may be impaired for the future and our
people may be deprived of the full use and enjoyment of our abundant
raw materials. On the other hand, new channels for utilization of
our natural resources have been pointed out during these strenuous
times and we would be neglectful of our heritage should we fail
to pick up these new ideas and follow them through.
PERSONNEL
Through most of the biennium sufficient personnel was not avail-able
to carry on in the most effective manner all of the functions of
the Department. Even the limited personnel underwent repeated
changes.
In spite of the handicaps of limited personnel and scarce materials,
the Department takes pride in the fact that it was able to continue
all of its essential services and functions without break. This was
only possible through the willingness of the staff to take on extra
duties and responsibilities.
Personnel problems began to relax around the middle of 1945
with the gradual release of some of the Department staff from mili-tary
service. By the end of the report biennium virtually all of
those on leave had returned and once again filled their former posi-tions.
At the same time additional help was becoming available,
although not all of the shortage had been relieved.
Of major significance among the changes in the executive and
technical force of the Department was the retirement of J, S. Holmes
10
on May 20, 1946, as State Forester. Mr. Holmes was a pioneer not
only in forestry work in the State but in the entire field of conservation.
Since June 1, 1909, Mr. Holmes had directed North Carolina's for-estry
program. His service as State Forester, or equivalent position,
outdates the creation of the Department by about 16 years. During
these years, Mr. Holmes has carried a heavy load and often the results
of his efforts were not immediately apparent. However, within the
last few years, many of the policies and achievements toward which
he labored have become actualities.
For some years, Mr. Holmes considered retirement or a less strenu-ous
assignment, but through loyalty to the cause to which he had
devoted such a large portion of his life, he remained on the job. At
his request, on February 1, 1945, he relinquished the office of State
Forester and became Associate State Forester. William K. Beichler,
who began his service with the Department as District Forester at
Asheville on July 1, 1927, and who had been promoted through
various grades, succeeded Mr. Holmes as State Forester.
Mr. Holmes has made a substantial contribution to the welfare and
advancement of the State. It is my privilege, as Director of this De-partment,
to give expression to a debt of gratitude to Mr. Holmes for
his long devotion to duty and the outstanding service he has rendered
the State.
BUDGET
The last year of this biennium was the first year of the biennial
appropriation period. For this reason, the financial statement in this
report covers one year each in two appropriation bienniums.
The unexpended balance for the latter year of the biennium (1945-
46) was probably the largest in the history of the Department. This
balance grew primarily out of the fact that the staff of the Depart-ment
was unusually short and because of the scarcity of supplies and
equipment. For this reason, many of the activities of the Department
were curtailed sharply.
Because of limited personnel, it has not been possible during the
last several years to proceed on schedule with various features of
our program. For this reason, the demand for services and improve-ments
in the future will be heavier.
The Democratic party, in its platform adopted at the State Con-vention
in 1946, called for increased emphasis on the conservation
of the resources of North Carolina. The platform had the following
to say on this subject: "North Carolina is richly endowed with natural
resources. Wise State policy calls for their protection against selfish
spoilation and for their constructive use in serving the needs of the
people. We commend what the State Department of Conservation
and Development is doing to promote the sound utilization of our
natural resources and to prevent unwise exploitation. There must be
further expansion in the indispensable activities of this State agency.
The State is not now making adequate provisions for the existing
State Parks and for the establishment of new State Parks. We endorse
more generous support of the State Park system which can contribute
so substantially to the health and happiness of the people. The State
11
of North Carolina has a material financial interest in the travel indus-try.
Money spent to attract tourists to North Carolina is returned
manyfold in gasoline and sales tax revenues and in increased patronage
for thousands of business establishments. The travel industry deserves
the fullest support of the State. Flood control, reforestation, and power
development should be encouraged in the State."
DIVISION ACTIVITIES
A portion of this report is devoted to the activities of each of the
seven divisions of the Department. Therefore, this section summarizes
only some of the more important activities and accomplishments of
each.
Commercial Fisheries: From the standpoint of financial return to
the fishermen, the past biennium has probably been the most fruitful
in the history of the State. This was in spite of a slight drop in the
catch of food fish, oysters, clams, and soft shell crabs. Total value
of all water products to the fishermen during 1944-46 was $14,287,030,
in comparison with $10,294,710 for the preceding two-year period.
In July, 1945, the Board of Conservation and Development pro-posed
that efforts be made to acquire the Coast Guard Section Base
near Morehead City, formerly known as Camp Glenn, for the use
of the Division of Commercial Fisheries. Action was immediately
started toward this end, and by the close of the biennium the State's
priority stood first and there were strong indications that the property
might be obtained, if means for its purchase can be found.
There has been a strong belief in the Department and Board for
some time that the program of the Division of Commercial Fisheries
should be broadened to include additional constructive features look-ing
toward the expansion of the yield from commercial fishing. Here-tofore,
means to do little else than to protect the industry by regu-lations
have been available, with the exception of some oyster planting
and the establishment of an oyster experimental farm. If the Section
Base can be acquired and other means made available, the facilities
there will house the administrative force of the Division and furnish
some of the facilities necessary to establish research and educational
activities.
One of the greatest needs of the industry has been additional refrig-eration
facilities, and the Department has worked for years to remedy
this situation. Some years ago, it induced the Emergency Relief Ad-ministration
to establish the North Carolina Fisheries, Inc., with
facilities at various points on the coast but with the principal plant
at Morehead City. When this organization was liquidated, some of the
facilities at the Morehead City plant were diverted to other uses.
However, the main facilities have now been acquired by a company
which will operate them as a seafood plant.
During the biennium, the Division of Commercial Fisheries and
Commerce and Industry, in cooperation with other agencies, assisted
in the establishment of the Beaufort Quick Freezing Company. Besides
helping to relieve the ice shortage, the new company will market
12
processed seafoods and will also furnish additional storage Capacity
to help care for periodic gluts. Limited icing and storage facilities
have, from year to year, resulted in severe wastage in fish. The new
developments are, therefore, among the most significant accomplish-ments
in recent years in behalf of the industry and fishermen.
Commerce and Industry: The past two years have been among the
busiest and most strenuous in the history of the Division. Although
a number of prospects for industrial development was anticipated,
they exceeded by a wide margin these expectations. The problem of
handling this large number of prospects was accentuated by the lack
of trained and experienced personnel.
A new phase of industrial development in the form of the Rural
Industries program was launched during the biennium. This movement
has as its prime objective the establishment of a larger number of
small manufacturing plants, located in rural areas, utilizing nearby
raw materials and rural labor, and financed by local capital.
The program also seeks to claim for the farmer and producer of
raw materials a larger share of the return from the consumer goods
through the processing of their products. It is intended, in addition,
to help balance and diversify the industrial structure of the State.
In the fall of 1945, Governor R. Gregg Cherry appointed a Com-mittee
on Rural Industries, consisting of more than 100 of the leading
citizens of the State, and a meeting of this group was held in Raleigh
in November of that year to plan a course of action. This group recom-mended
a series of district meetings for the purpose of explaining the
program and putting the plan into effect. Administration was assigned
to the Division of Commerce and Industry and the program will be
launched formally as soon as the necessary personnel can be procured.
During the biennium, the Division has worked with more industrial
prospects for the State than in any similar period. The movement
toward decentralization of industry which has been forecast over a
period of years seemed to gain full momentum. Added to this trend
was the demand for additional facilities for the manufacture of new
or improved products developed during the last several years and
for filling the backlog of orders which developed during the years of
shortages.
It should be realized that competition for these industries among
the states is keener at this time than ever before. While it is not proper
to say that our Division of Commerce and Industry is specifically
responsible for the location of any definite number of new industries
in North Carolina, it has had a direct hand in many of these; has co-operated
with other agencies in securing others; and has indirectly
contributed to others. It is known definitely that some of the new
plants locating in the State would have gone elsewhere had not the
State's facilities been presented by the Division.
The fact that the State advertising program, particularly the indus-trial
phase, was continued throughout the war, has helped to center
attention on North Carolina's industrial opportunities. These advertise-ments
were prepared and placed under the direction of the Division
of Commerce and Industry.
13
Forestry: While the total forest area under fii-e protection increased
approximately 167,000 acres over the previous biennium, primary
emphasis was placed on increasing the efficiency of the organization
and intensifying protection. Sixty-three counties are now cooperating
in fire protection, a net gain of two over June 30, 1944.
It is significant that thirty-seven counties, with approximately
4,000,000 acres of forest lands now have no organized fire protection.
Because it is doubtful whether more complete and effective fire con-trol
can be had under the present system, the problem of whether
the State should assume a much larger obligation in this connection
must now be faced. That the State should do so is the general opinion
among those who have studied the situation closely and budget requests
this fall will probably follow this pattern.
Improvement in the fire detection and reporting system has been
accomplished during the biennium, as is also the case with fire control
and suppression methods. These factors, according to the records, are
being steadily reflected in more effective fire protection, the basic
requirement in our forestry program.
The Division is also pushing, to the full extent of its facilities, sound
management practices which have as their ultimate goal the treatment
of the forests as a crop which will be perpetually productive under
proper handling.
Large areas of forest lands in the State had become unproductive
because of unwise handling and should be reforested by planting.
The Forestry Division foresees a substantial increase in interest in
the planting of these idle acres and also predicts a demand for plant-ing
stock which will require expansion of the capacities of the State
Forest Nurseries. This need should be supplied.
Recreational requirements of the State have grown steadily during
the past several years and every indication is that they will continue
to increase. A part of this demand must be supplied by State Parks.
The fact that during June, 1946, the State Parks had more patrons
than ever before is significant.
North Carolina does not at present have an adequate State Park
system nor are those units that have been established developed to
the extent to make them most serviceable. More facilities will, of
course, provide the attractions for heavier use and greater returns
in a financial way.
The State Parks Branch of this Division's report names the Parks,
reviews the facilities available in each, and points out the needs for
further development if they are to provide the services which the
public is demanding.
Game and Inland Fisheries: During this report period there has
been a complete reorganization of the Division of Game and Inland
Fisheries under the direction of Commissioner John D. Findlay.
One of the most outstanding features of this reorganization has
been in the protector force. All protectors were put on a full-time
basis and a Chief of Law Enforcement charged solely with this feature
of the program was appointed. For enforcement purposes, the State
was divided into five divisions with a supervisor in charge of each
14
and in turn the divisions were broken down into districts, comprising
county groups. Increased mobility of the force was obtained through
the assignment of protectors to operate in the districts rather than
being confined to single counties. They work singly or in groups.
Increasing revenues made possible better compensation, although
still not adequate, for the protectors. The enforcement record speaks
for itself in the effectiveness of the organization. During the first year
of the biennium there were 472 prosecutions, with fines amounting
to $3,412 and costs, $2,447.69. Prosecutions jumped to 2,079; fines to
$14,965.76; and costs to $15,598 during the second year.
Emphasis, both in the game and inland fisheries program, has been
shifted from propagation to management, the theory being to assist
nature or to remove as many man-made obstacles as possible to the
maintenance and increase of wildlife in its natural habitat. The State's
one game farm produced and distributed 3,600 quail. Fish produced at
the hatcheries were reared to a larger size at which survival is greater.
Some 413,000 acres of Federal, State, and leased lands are now
under intensive game and fish management. On part of these areas,
public hunting and fishing were provided and on others a concerted
restocking program was carried out. Considerable deer stocking was
accomplished on some of these lands and attention was also given
to the restoration of other types of wildlife.
Game officials expect that the trend toward a larger number of
hunters and fishermen in the field this fall will continue; and if this
indication materializes, the increased collections will make possible a
still larger and more efficient program.
Unfortunately, the belief that game and inland fisheries funds are
used for purposes other than for these programs still persists in the
minds of some people. We should like to emphasize again the fact
that these funds remain intact and are spent exclusively for the game
and inland fisheries programs and for nothing else.
Mineral Resources: World War II, with a demand previously un-known
for minerals, stimulated interest in North Carolina's deposits.
As a result, the demand for information on this State's minerals in-creased
tremendously.
Fortunately, as a result of the interest of former Governor J. M.
Broughton, early in the biennium, and later Governor R. Gregg Cherry
and larger appropriations by the 1945 General Assembly, the Divi-sion
was able to increase materially its service.
Private industry, with the encouragement and active assistance of
the Department, launched systematic explorations for oil, with the
Coastal Plains being selected for these studies and drilling operations.
Two wells, one near Morehead City and the other on Cape Hatteras,
were drilled during the biennium, the former reaching a depth of
4,044 and the latter, 10,054 feet.
War-time exploration of the Cranberry iron deposits and Deep
River coal fields, which was initiated in 1943 by the Department, and
taken up by the U. S. Bureau of Mines in 1944 was continued at
intervals during the biennium. One of the results of the interest
focused on the Deep River field by geological and exploratory work
15
was the purchase of some of the best deposits by the Walter A. Bledsoe
Company, of Terre Haute, Ind., one of the larger coal mining com-panies.
This company carried on a drilling program of its own and
it has been announced that the company will begin the production
of coal.
Partly through the efforts of the State Geologist, State College and
the Tennessee Valley Authority entered into a cooperative agreement
for the establishment of a Mineral Research Laboratory at Asheville.
A new building to house the laboratory was sufficiently near completion
for the initiation of laboratory work in June 1946. The primary field
of the laboratory will be in mineral concentration and utilization, and
a full-time chemist employed by the Division has been stationed there.
The Regional Mineral Experiment Station of the U. S. Bureau of
Mines, which was announced for State College in 1944, became a
reality during the biennium with the completion of the first unit.
The General Assembly of 1945 provided a small appropriation
which made possible a renewal of cooperation with the U. S. Geological
Survey for topographic mapping, and this work was started in 1945.
State Advertising: At times during the war, there was some question
concerning the continuation of the State Advertising program, par-ticularly
the feature directed toward the travel public. The decision,
however, was that the State had too much invested in the program
to risk the breaking of its continuity and to jeopardize the effectiveness
of expenditures over a period of years. In keeping with the
national policy, however, the advertising during war years did not
suggest travel but rather reminded postwar vacationists that North
Carolina resorts would be ready to continue to serve them after hos-tilities
had ceased.
Primary stress during war years in the advertising program was
laid on the fact that North Carolina's resources, capital, and labor
were ready to be applied in an increasing degree toward the manu-facture
of the sinews of war and articles essential to the civilian
population.
Immediately after the close of the conflict, the greater share of
the advertising funds was channeled into tourist copy. The News
Branch which continued to operate on an abbreviated scale during
the war, expanded its work at the close of hostilities.
New literature was prepared for the postwar period; and, in addi-tion,
some of the earlier mailing pieces were revised and reissued.
These helped to produce record tourist expenditures for the 1946
season. It is estimated that tourists will spend approximately $175,-
000,000 in the State during the year.
A steady flow of news material and photographs has gone out of
the State News office during the biennium. The Division released 560
stories to newspapers and sent out 19,489 photographs to illustrate
these and other stories.
One of the most effective features of the operation of the News
Bureau has been in proposing and helping magazines to work out
ideas for articles and stories. In the last two-year period, materials
16
originating in the News Bureau have found their way into newspapers
throughout the nation and in some 150 magazines in this and other
countries.
Competition for the tourist trade has increased rapidly, with some
33 states adopting promotional campaigns since the North Carolina
program was started. With the country becoming steadily more travel
conscious, it is likely that competition will become even keener.
Water Resources and Engineer: The major regular activity of the
Division—stream gaging—has been carried on uninterruptedly during
the biennium with a total of 132 stations operated in cooperation with
the United States Geological Survey, the U. S. Engineers, and the
Tennessee Valley Authority.
The quality of water investigation initiated in 1943, in cooperation
with the U. S. Geological Survey, has been enlarged to meet an in-creasing
demand for this service. During the biennium, the State
Board of Health entered into this program which was then extended
to the analysis of public water supplies.
The number of calls for information on the chemical qualities of
water has been larger during the last biennium than ever before.
These requests grow out of the search on the part of manufacturers
for water supplies fitting their particular needs, and the information
provided by the laboratory has been of material value in the location
of some plants which have selected sites in the State.
A forward step toward the conservation of water resources of the
State was the passage of a bill by the General Assembly of 1945
setting up the N. C. State Stream Sanitation and Conservation Com-mittee
which was subsequently appointed by Governor R. Gregg
Cherry. The Committee is composed of 16 members, 6 representing
State agencies and 10 representing industry and municipalities.
The general purpose of this Committee is to study the waste dis-posal
situation in the State and to propose a program under which
a solution may be found to the problem. A preliminary survey has
been made as a result of arrangements between the State Board of
Health and the Engineering Experiment Station at N. C. State College,
and a report will be made to the General Assembly.
GENERAL
Resource-Use Education Commission: The problem of employing
our resources of all descriptions for the best interests of the people
is one of the most pressing and important of our time.
Governor R. Gregg Cherry, on August 8, 1945, appointed the Re-source-
Use Education Commission of the State Planning Board. Paul
Kelly, Assistant Director, was named as the representative of the
Department of Conservation and Development on this Commission.
The Commission is made up of representatives of various State
agencies, educational institutions, public schools, and organizations
concerned with education in various forms. Dr. Clyde A. Erwin, super-intendent
of public instruction, was elected chairman; Mrs. Ellen
Black Winston, vice chairman; Felix A. Grisette, secretary; and the
17
following comprise the executive committee: Dr. Gordon W. Black-well,
Dr. H. Arnold Perry, Paul Kelly, Mrs. Helen L. Macon, Dr. L. D.
Baver and Dr. James E. Shepherd.
Following a meeting of the Commission on October 5, 1945, the
executive committee has convened on several occasions. An appli-cation
has been made to the General Education Board for a grant
with which to organize and initiate the program. Various State agen-cies
are prepared to cooperate actively as soon as personnel is selected.
Governor Cherry, at the initial meeting of the group summed up the
purpose of the Commission as follows: "If we are to improve our
ways of living, we must improve the relationship between our people
and our resources. To achieve this will require an extensive program
of education about our resources, long-time planning such as the State
Planning Board is undertaking, and close cooperation among all our
public and private agencies."
Oil Exploration: Following the leasing of certain State-owned lands
in eastern North Carolina in 1944 to the Coastal Plains Company and
the Standard Oil Company, exploration of these properties for oil
was inaugurated.
By the end of this report period, two wells had been completed
and others were definitely contemplated. While the companies carry-ing
out the program have expressed some encouragement, they do
not appear to be in a position to make definite predictions. This
Department continues to be very much interested in seeing the search
carried out to a definite conclusion.
At the suggestion of the Department, the General Assembly of 1945
enacted two measures designed to protect the interests of the State
and the industry in event oil and gas are discovered.
18
APPROPRIATIONS DIVISIONS
Statements of Receipts and Disbursements
Biennium 1944-46
I. Administration:
Disbursements:
Board of Directors:
Attending Meetings
Director's Office:
Sakry—Director
Salaries and Wages—Staff
Supplies and Materials
Postage, telephone, Telegraph and Express.
Travel Expense
Printing and Binding
Repairs and Alterations
General Expense
Equipment
1,246.85
6,000.00
15,241.55
253.84
690.76
121.11
610.07
133.04
190.20
140.96
$ 2,784.85
Total
Less Receipts:
Sale of Publications
Payment from Division of Game and Inland Fisheries for Attending
Board Meetings
$ 24,628.38
400.00
S 29,679.77
158.75
750.00
Total
Appropriation.
commbbce and industry and advertising:
Commerce and Industry:
Disbursements:
Salaries and Wages
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone and Telegraph .
.
Travel Expense
Printing and Binding
Repairs and Alterations
General Expense
Motor Vehicle Operation
Equipment _-
400.00
24,228.38
S 11,122.32
236.81
2,320.23
4,073.42
483.37
Total.
Advertising:
Disbursements:
Salaries and Wages
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone and Telegraph
Travel Expense
Printing and Binding
Repairs and Alterations
Direct Advertising
350.75
507.18
10.00
$ 19, 104.
(
11,966.07
2,671.17
1,993.39
1,854.37
14,699.56
77.01
47,690.05
19
APPROPRIATIONS DIVISIONS
—
Continued
1944-45 1945-46
II. CoMMBRCE AND Inbustry ANT) Adtertisinq—Continued:
Advertising—Continued:
Disbu rsemen is—Continued:
General Expense
Equipment -.
Motor Vehicle Operation
Total
Total Commerce and Industbt and Advertising.
Less Receipts:
Sale of Publications
Appropriation.
$ 1,207,50 $ 1,944.77
74.00 288.77
610.73 381.64
i 82,843.85 9 82,682.07
101,947.93 101,577.10
177.95 165,95
s 101,769.98 % 101,411.15
III. Water Resoi'rces:
Disbursements:
Salaries and Wages
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express
Travel Expense
Printing and Binding
Motor Vehicle Operation
Repairs and Alterations
Cooperation U. S. Geological Survey
Cooperation U. S. Geological Survey-Chemical.
General Expense
Equipment
Total
Less Receipts:
Private Cooperation
Payment Board of Health-Water.
Investigation
Total
Appbopblation.
IV. Mineral Resopbces:
Disbursements:
Salaries and Wages
Supplies and Materials.
Postage, Telephone and Telegraph _.
Travel Expense
Printing and Binding
Motor Vehicle Operation
Repairs and Alterations
General Expense
Cooperation U. S. Geological Survey—Ground Water Study.
Cooperation U. S. Geological Survey—Study of Minerals
Cooperation T. V. A. Minreals Study
Cooperation U. S. Geological—Geographic
Mapping
Special Research
Motor Vehicle Exchange
Equipment
Survey of Mineral Resources
Appbopeiation.
6,246.00
237.91
64.89
639.52
64.70
564.79
65.20
10,000.00
4,000.00
2.50
S 21,885.51
652.50
652.50
21,233.01
7,616.36
87.44
220.71
703.51
1,269.10
704.37
4.25
605.89
3.000.00
2,963.62
8,160.15
236.53
63.02
751.68
70.59
834.14
264.43
10,000.00
6,500.00
40.00
704.68
27,625.22
953.40
2,500.00
2,500.00
$ 19,675.25 $ 29,120.23
3,453.40
$ 24,171.82
8,930.00
76.19
248.59
982.96
1,700.72
727.17
2.00
39.60
4,000.00
4,000.00
1,999.17
5,000.00
389.28
994.55
30.00
20
APPROPRIATIONS DIVISIONS—Continued
Forest Fiee Pjeieventton:
Disbursements:
Administration:
Salaries and Wages '
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express
-
Travel Expense
Printing and Binding
Motor Vehicle Operation
Repairs and Alterations
Equipment
Motor Vehicle Purchase
Workmen's Compensation
Emergency Salary
Insurance and Bonding
Study of Forest Utilization
Total.
CoSperutive Projects:
Salaries—Wardens and Rangers..
Wages—Towermen and Firemen.
Expenses—Fire Wardens
Fire Control Equipment
Repairs and Alterations
Lookout Towers
Telephone Lines
Buildings
Road and Fire Lines
Fire Suppression
Motor Vehicle Operation
Emergency Salary
Total.
District No. 1:
Asheville:
Salaries and Wages _..
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express.
Travel Expense..
Motor Vehicle Operation
Rents
Emergency Salary
1944-45
11,625.05
237.76
644.17
1,117.57
773.87
573.40
74.39
599.33
1,034.00
130.46
1,141.50
Total.
District No. 2-—Lenoir:
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express .
Travel Expense
Motor Vehicle Operation
Emergency Salary
Total.
1,000.00
18,951.50
87,963.15
56,658.3«
3,266.34
30,092.82
6,215.81
10,489.64
1,823.14
4,711.26
1,127.07
10,144.29
17,126.85
11,890.17
S 241,508.87
5,166.20
160.14
398.71
851.11
110.00
577.07
% 7,263.23
8 5,000.00 ? 5,840.00
158.31 128.56
365.67 258.81
928.08 1,225.73
552.00 360.00
S 7,004.06 $ 7,813.10
21
APPROPRIATIONS DIVISIONS
—
Continued
1944-45 1945-46
V. Forest Fire Prevention—Continued:
Disbursements—Continued:
District No. 3
—
Rockingham:
Salaries and Wages
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express.
Travel Expense
Motor Vehicle Opreation
Emergency Salary
Total.
District No. 4—New Bern:
Salaries and Wages.
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express.
Travel Expense
Motor Vehicle Operation
Lights
Emergency Salary
Total.
District No. 5—Rocky Mount:
Salaries and Wages
Postage, Telephone Telegraph and Express.
Travel Expense..
Motor Vehicle Operation
Lights
Emergency Salary
Total
District No. 6—FayetteciUe:
Salaries and Wages
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express.
Travel Expense
Motor Vehicle Operation
Lights
Emergency Salary.
Total
District No. 7—Elizabeth City:
Salaries and Wages
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express .
Travel Expense
Motor Vehicle Operation
Rents
Lights
Emergency Salary
Total.
4,429.55
170.98
473.99
879.04
512.71
6,466.27
4,740.00
184.14
294.05
950.79
552.00
$ 6,720.98
4,562.40
218.29
508.74
1,111.52
18.00
529.84
6,948.79
,139.24
201.10
792.75
970.50
12.00
760.93
4,815.00
124.28
467.12
916.73
286.00
552.00
7,161.13
5,150.62
218.29
489.06
1,048.77
313.10
7,219.84
6,730.00
194.90
406.85
1,800.94
17.89
430.00
9,580.58
5,092.14
234.52
566.47
1,198.37
16.95
334.00
7,442.45
7,710.00
188.24
659.57
1,223.21
12.00
430.00
10,223.02
5,972.28
224.05
499.76
1,422.17
264.00
6.12
362.73
8,751.11
22
APPROPRIATIONS DIVISIONS—Continued
1944-45 1945-46
V. FOEBST Fire Prevention—Continued:
HiaBTjBSKUEms—Continued.
District No. 8—Wilmington:
J 4,355.00
109.85
482.45
1,677.96
265.00
Total. S 6,890.26
District No. 9—Sylva:
$ 4,076.40
95.54
314.96
863.92
Rents 380.00
260.16
Total $ $ 5,990.98
Total Forest Fire Prevention. .- 8 311,901.35
$ 131,468.85
78,004.48
12,405.93
S 422,666.86
Less Receipts:
$ 163,612.32
County Cooperation .. 114,267.28
Private Cooperation 18,322.73
$ 221,879.26 $ 296,202.83
Appropriation. ... ... $ 90,022.09
1 14.93
30.00
$ 126,464.53
Supplement:
Special Emergency Fire Control:
Administration:
Travel Expense. .. S
Total $ 44.93
$ 8,652.76
261.67
1,495.33
457.60
41.18
$
Cooperative Projects:
Wages—Towermen and Firemen 1 750.00
1,42
509.17
34.45
Total. ..- S 10,908.54
S 71.26
S 1,295.04
Elizabeth City Office:
$
Total S 71.26 8
Total Special Emergency $ 11,024.73 $ 1,295.04
23
APPROPRIATIONS DIVISIONS
—
Continued
1945-46
VI. Forest Fire Prevention—Continued:
Supplement—Continued:
Emergency Fire Control:
Administration:
Salaries—Staff
Supplies and Materials
Motor Vehicle Operation
Employees War Bonus
Total
Cooperative Projects:
Wages—Towermen and Firemen,
Expenses—Fire Wardens
Fire Control Equipment.
Equipment^—Repairs
Motor Vehicle Operation
Lookout Towers
Fire Suppression
Total
Elizabeth City Office:
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express.
Motor Vehicle Operation
Rents
Lights
Total.
2,610.00
11.18
294.42
261.00
3,176.60
33,131.65
133.86
183.84
680.18
1,503.77
21.34
841.86
$ 36,496.50
$ 106.25
299.43
360.00
11.10
2,454.40
776.78
Total Emergency Fire Control
Plowing Fire Lines Private Forest Owners Cooperative Projects:
Wages—Operator, Helper
Motor Vehicle Operation
Repairs and Alterations
Equipment
$ 40,449.88
86.50
58.49
60.14
Total.
Total Disbursement —Supplement
Less Receipts:
Federal Cooperation—Special Emergency
Federal Cooperation—Emergency Fire-Control
.
Private Cooperation—Fire Lines
Total.
Appropriation.
VII. General Forestry:
Disbursements:
Salaries and Wages _.
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone and Telegraph.
Travel Expense
Printing and Binding
General Expense
Equipment
Motor Vehicle Operation
205.13
$ 51,679.74
$ 11,055.98
40,333.88
383.20
51,773.06
—93.32
4,787.00
53.41
150.20
53.21
402.60
12.43
145.75
Appropriation $ 5,604.60 % 10,975.81
4.59
372.47
$ 2,831.46
S 99.26
33.10
132.36
2,963.82
251.70
168.35
215.13
9.14
644.32
4,903.18
1,295.04
2,963.82
551.30
4,810.16
93.02
8,328.60
213.61
299.35
434.92
231.83
80.25
1,079.84
307.41
24
APPROPRIATIONS DIVISIONS—Continued
1944-45
VIII. State Forests and Parks:
Disbursements:
Salaries and Wages
Labor
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone, Telegram and Express-
Travel Expense
Printing and Binding.
Motor Vehicle Operation
Lights and Power..
Repairs and Alterations.
General Expense.
Insurance and Bonding
Equipment
Motor Vehicle Purchase
Stores for Resale
Workmen's Compensation
Building and Improvements—Neuse Cliffs..
Equipment—Morrow Mountain Park
Equipment—Pettigrew Park
Building—Pettigrew Park
Purchase of Land
Total.
Less Receipts:
Permits States Lake
Park Concessions
Equipment—Morrow Mountain.
Total Receipts.
Appropriation..
IX. Forest Management, Nurseries and Forests:
Forest Management:
Disbursements:
Salaries and Wages.
SuppMes and Materials
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express.
Travel Expense
Printing and Binding
Motor Vehicle Operation
Repairs and Alterations
Equipment
Emergency Salary
Appropriation.
Nurseries:
Disbursements:
Salaries and Wages
Labor
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone and Telegraph.
Travel Expense...
Printing and Binding
Motor Vehicle Operation
17,863.96
4,177.18
594.80
309.26
342.79
158.84
3,152.64
425.07
11,500.51
358.15
900.00
5,862.77
800.00
40.53
400.50
10,000.00
27,230.39
5,872.18
4,531.16
569.65
847.82
138.19
4,940.62
617.04
2,210.55
581.70
44.48
1,191.78
1,033.48
996.33
156.00
—7,300.00
1,482.00
—.30
4,000.00
$ 56,880.50
220.64
4,993.36
49,143.07
388.90
12,129.65
1,482.60
5,214.00
51,666.50
14,001.15
35,141.92
8,670.68
99.99
99.27
923.86
80.28
680.81
12.05
1,356.68
385.33
12,308.95
5,510.00
10,646.85
2,079.92
515.96
56.79
27.04
1,063.60
25
APPROPRIATIONS DIVISIONS—Continued
1945-46
IX. Forest Management, NrRSERiES and Tokebt—Continued:
NXJBSERIES
—
Continued:
Diibursements—Continued:
Lights and Power
Repairs and Alterations
General Expense
Equipment -
Emergency Salary
108.57
155.74
30.00
170.98
350.00
Total.
Less Receipts:
Federal Cooperation.
Sale of Seedlings
$ 2,061.00
1,151.40
J 20,715.45
$ 2,626.99
3,661.42
Total Receipts.
.Appropriation. .
State Forests:
Disbursements:
Salaries and Wages
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone and Telegraph
.
Travel Expense
Printing and Binding
Motor Vehicle Operation
Light and Power
Repairs and Alterations
Insurance and Bonding
Equipment
Marketing Timber—Bladen Lakes.
State Forest
Emergency Salary
Total.
Less Receipts:
Bladen Lakes State Forests.
Appropriation
Forest Management and Planting:
Disbursements:
Salaries and Wages
Labor
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express.
Travel Expense
Printing and Binding.
Motor Vehicle Operation
Light and Power
Repairs and Alterations
General Expense..
Insurance and Bonding
Equipment
S 6,288.41
S 14,427.04
4,320.28
320.31
165.34
161.42
35.71
3,958.45
295.52
80.67
5.00
121.79
$ 39,698.17
9,774.13
8,732.01
2,098.94
668.99
281.42
196.47
5,746.43
452.49
230.75
15.85
200.00
6,087.54
12,995.95
237.10
$ 22,697.54
$ 29,862.78
$ —7,165.24
26
APPROPRIATIONS DIVISIONS—Continued
IX. FoEEST Management, Nurseries and Forest—Continued:
Forest Management and Planting—Continued:
Disbursements—Continued:
Marketing Timber—Bladen Lakes
Drilling Well—Bladen Lakes ..-
Employees War Bonus-
Total Management, Nubseries and Forests
Less Receipts
Appropriation, Management Nurseries and Forests
Miscellaneous Accounts:
Disbursements:
Emergency Salary
(Forest Fire, Management, Nurseries and State Forests
Total
Total Disbursements. -_.
Less Total Receipts __
Total DiSBxmsEMBNTS From Appropriation
19,238.28
1,655.00
1,142.02
56,420.32
42,910.57
S 13,509.75
$ 6,391.01
18,471.24
$ 6,391.01
S 657,014.59
323,007.34
$ 334,007.25
$ 55,721.94
$ 36,151.19
$ 19,570.75
I 4,159.00
13,851.69)
$ 4,159.00
$ 735,572.18
355,692.93
$ 379,879.25
CONSTRUCTION OF SIvIALLMOUTH BASS HATCHERY
Statement of Receipts and Disbursements
Biennium 1944-46
Disbursements:
Salaries and Wages
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone and Telegraph..
Travel Expense
Motor Vehicle Operation
Rental of Equipment
Equipment
Emergency Salary
Total Expenditures From Appropriation
Tran3it!rred to Fiscal Year 1946-47
Appropriation .
PURCHASE OF TRYON'S PALACE AND
Statement of Receipts and Disbursements
Biennium 1944-46
Transferred to Fiscal Year 1946-47
Appropriation
1945-46
5,894.93
10,980.86
8.08
148.75
2,427.22
185.98
5,520.35
46.77
$ 25,212.94
$ 84,867.06
110,080.00
150,000.00
150,000.00
27
DIVISION OF GAME AND INLAND FISHERIES
SPECIAL FUNDS
Statement of Receipts and Disbursements
Biennium 1944-46
Inland Fisheries:
Disbursements:
Administration:
Salary—Supervisor
Salaries—Staff
Salaries—Wardens
Supplies and Materials.
Postage, Telephone and Telegraph.
Travel Expense...
Printing and Binding
Motor Vehicle Operation
General Expense
Legal Notices
Equipment
Motor Vehicle Exchange.
Insurance and Bonding
Total.
Morrison Hatchery:
Salaries and Wages
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express.
Travel Expense
Motor Vehicle Operation
Lights and Power
Repairs and Alterations
Equipment
Motor Vehicle Exchange
Total.
Murphy Hatchery:
Salaries and Wages.
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express..
Travel Expense
Motor Vehicle Operation
Light and Power
Repairs and Alterations
Equipment...
Motor Vehicle Exchange
Building and Improvements
Total.
Stedman Hatchery:
Salaries and Wages
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express.
Travel Expense
2,690.00
1,161.00
30,000.00
17.09
132.71
352.07
1,437.71
409.07
49.55
18.57
400.00
$ 36,667.77
3,645.00
4,051.34
48.93
40.00
465.06
98.63
10.23
8,359.19
3,185.25
3,454.85
113.87
63.48
761.40
11.58
101.76
—7.50
100.00
7,784.69
2,365.02
811.73
94.43
9.90
1,877.48
2,219.40
50,000.00
361.28
200.18
350.07
2,327.05
407.88
107.03
17.65
4.32
994.55
4,240.50
3,209.01
74.61
30.60
647.52
94.32
138.40
91.30
397.26
8,923.52
3,650.45
3,102.90
159.10
75.20
1,071.49
93.30
231.85
10.26
758.28
9,152.83
3,984.90
666.29
99.33
4.36
28
DIVISION OF GAME AND INLAND FISHERIES—Continued
1944-48
I^fLAND Fisheries—Continued:
DiSBURSBMENTS
—
Continued:
Stedman Hatchery—Continued:
Motor Vehicle Operation
Lights and Power
Repairs and Alterations
Equipment
Buildings and Improvements
-
Motor Vehicle Exchange
Total.
Roaring Gap Hatchery:
Salaries and Wages
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express.
Travel Expense
Motor Vehicle Operation
Lights and Power
Repairs and Alterations
Motor Vehicle Exchange
Total.
Marmon Hatchery:
Salaries and Wages
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express.
Travel Expense
Motor Vehicle Operation
Lights and Power
Repairs and Alterations
Equipment
Rents
Motor Vehicle Exchange..
Total % 6,311.00
Lake Mattamuskett:
Salaries and Wages
Postage, Telephone, Telegram and Express
.
Motor Vehicle Operation
Lights and Power
Rents
Total.
Miscellaneous Accounts:
Contribution Retirement System
Emergency Salary
Workmen's Compensation
Transfer to Special Funds—
Purchase and Development Lands and Waters.
Total
Total Disbursements—I^fLAND Fisheries.
554.50
428.61
261.59
42.00
12.66
$ 4,580.44
2,487.43
1,638.30
51.28
507.80
116.53
72.40
4,873.74
2,136.25
3,395.33
54.08
8.58
509.70
109.96
97.10
3.300.00
102.52
469.24
49.14
120.00
4,040.90
1,466.55
6,169.89
$ 8,473.57
$ 7,636.44
% 2,223.53
4,710.87
1,120.50
8,217.50
$ 16,272.40
$ 115,S30.SS
29
DIVISION OF GAME AND INLAND FISHERIES
—
Continued
194.W6
Inland Fisheries—Continued:
Disbursements—Continued:
Miscellaneous A ccounls—Continued:
Less Receipts:
Sale of Angler's License
Transferred from Preceding Year
Miscellaneous Receipts
Sale Boone Hatchery Property
•Total Receipts ..-
Credit Balance Forward—Inland Fisheries
Game Division:
DiahuTsementB:
Administration:
Salary—Commissioner
Salaries—Staff
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express.
Travel Expense
Motor Vehicle Operation
Repairs and Alterations
General Expense
Subscription and Dues
Equipment
Motor Vehicle Exchange.
Printing and Binding
$ 90,512.25
37,213.20
102.00
4,180.12
% 144,413.00
51,753.40
I 132,007.57 % 196,166.40
$ 51,753.40
Total.
Enforcement:
Salary—Chief
Salaries and Wages—Staff
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express.
Travel Expense
Motor Vehicle Operation
Repairs and Alterations
General Expense
Legal Costs
Subscription and Dues
Insurance and Bonding
Equipment
Rents
Motor Vehicle Exchange
Total.
Administration and Enforcement:
Salary—Commissioner
Salary and Wages—Staff
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express.
Travel Expense
Printing and Binding
5,000.00
130,564.04
436.47
1,857.21
22,160.45
2,416.69
80,635.87
5,000.00
7,084.00
92.67
475.12
1,351.01
662.96
21.07
242.83
98.90
49.44
964.80
3,839.19
19,881.99
2,970.00
125,902.63
295.54
1,799.52
35,900.17
4,821.35
29.33
20.36
126.19
2.00
835.52
498.42
351.00
2,428.90
$ 175,980.93
•Deposits During Fiscal Year.
30
DIVISION OF GAME AND INLAND FISHERIES—Continued
1944-45
Gaub Division—Continued:
Disbursements—Continued:
Administration and Enforcement—Continued:
Motor Vehicle Operation
Repairs and Alterations
General Expense
Legal Costs
Subscription and Dues
Insurance and Bonding
Equipment
Motor Vehicle Exchange
2,949.58
26.54
605.11
25.92
80.30
1,500.00
14.00
567.50
Total. S 168,203.81
Game Management:
Administration:
Salary—Supervisor
Salaries and Wages—Staff
Supplies and Materials --
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express-
Travel Expense
Motor Vehicle Operation
Repairs and Alterations
Equipment
Motor Vehicle Exchange
Total. $ 8,196.83
Game Farms:
Salaries and Wages
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express.
Travel Expense
Motor Vehicle Operation
Lights and Power
Repairs and Alterations
3,075.65
493.80
20.91
Total.
Management Areas and Refuges:
Salary—Biologist
Salaries and Wages—Staff
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express.
Travel Expense
Printing and Binding
Motor Vehicle Operation
Equipment
Rental of Dogs
Repairs
Additions and Betterments
Lights and Power..
Rents
Total 8 39,220.33
77.37
392.04
20.79
J 4,080.56
31
DIVISION OF GAME AND INLAND FISHERIES—Contmued
1944-45 945-46
Gaub Division—Continued:
DiSBUSSBMENTS
—
Continued:
Mount Mitchell Headquarters Project:
Supplies and Materials
Motor Vehicle Operation
Repairs and Alterations
Equipment
Total.
Western Refuges:
Salaries and Wages
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express.
Travel Expense
Printing and Binding.
Motor Vehicle Operation...
Motor Vehicle Exchange
Total.
Holly SheUer and Angola Project:
Salaries and Wages
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express.
Motor Vehicle Operation..
Rental of Dogs
Repairs
Additions and Betterments
Total.
Education and Training:
Salary—Supervisor...
Salaries and Wages—Staff
Supplies and Materials ..
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express.
Travel Expense
Printing and Binding
Motor Vehicle Operation...
General Expense
Equipment..
Motor Vehicle Exchange
Total.
Pittman-Rohertson Projects:
Coordinating Projects:
Salaries and Wages
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express.
Travel Expense
Motor Vehicle Operation
Equipment.
Emergency Salary...
43.85
54.71
112.70
—8.00
203.26
22,915.44
43.54
260.44
824.37
170.07
1,726.18
780.00
S 26,720.04
1,355.20
123.15
31.30
575.46
281.48
163.00
5.08
2,534.67
1,720.00
149.77
365.49
266.09
511.08
295.73
1,500.00
2,125.75
280.79
999.85
456.35
1,012.37
701.42
4.00
117.74
$ 3,308.16 8,163.07
Total.
$ 4,920.00 $ 4,718.28
47.80 55.79
42.87 31.59
293.05 318.20
398.64 600.00
17.67
444.00 120.00
t 6.164.03 $ 5,843.86
32
DIVISION OF GAME AND INLAND FISHERIES—Continued
1944-45 1945-46
GAAfE Division—Conhniied;
Disbursements—Continued:
SCS District—Cooperative Farm Game Project:
Salaries and Wages
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express.
Travel Expense
Motor Vehicle Operation
Rentals
Equipment
Emergency Salary.
$ 1,586.91 f 1,934.41
1,785.79 2,845.52
79.19 25.86
278.55 170.60
597.57 487.60
35.00
73.00
131.71 113.79
Total.
Study of Deer Management of HoUy Shelter:
Salaries and Wages
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express.
Travel Expense
Motor Vehicle Operation
Emergency Salary
Total.
Wildlife Resources Inventory
Salaries and Wages
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express.
Travel Expense
Motor Vehicle Operation
Equipment.
Emergency Salary
Total.
Stat-e-Wide Deer Trapping and Restocking Project:
Salaries and Wages
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express.
Travel Expense
Motor Vehicle Operation
Equipment
Pirchase—100 Deer
Emergency Salary
Total.
Miscellaneous Projects:
Motor Vehicle Operation (1944-45 Accounts).
Fur Resources Investigation and Survey:
Salaries and Wages
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express..
Travel Expense
4,567.72 $ 5.577.78
958.35
134.12
20.99
1.90
109.88
21.00
,346.70
371.84
12.98
24.80
744.99
90.00
I 4,591.31
885.00
5.48
3.32
138.96
18.66
,155.33
50.00
3,256.75
3,237.58
2,489.46
32.43
380.16
1.831.17
405.23
1,290.00
175.16
9,841.19
924.00
47.22
14.80
133.50
33
DIVISION OF GAME AND INLAND FISHERIES—Continued
1944-45
Game Division—Continued:
Disbursements—Continued:
Fur Resources Investigation A>n) Survey—Continued:
Motor Vehicle Operation
Equipment
Emergency Salary
Total.
Goose Creek Land Purchase:
Salaries and Wages
Supplies and Materials
Travel Expense
Motor Vehicle Operation
Workmen's Compensation
Title Abstracting and Vesting.
Purchase of Land
Employees War Bonus
Total.
Surrey of Ungranted Land:
Salaries and Wages
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express.
Travel Expense
Motor Vehicle Operation
Employees War Bonus
Total.
Vnharrie Deer Restoration:
Salaries and Wages.. -.
Supplies and Materials
Postage, Telephone, Telegraph and Express
Travel Expense...
Motor Vehicle Operation
Employees War Bonus
Total.
Total Pittman-Robertson Projects.
Bladen Lakes:
Salaries and Wages.
Dog Permits
Total.
Miscellaneous Accounts:
Motor Boats Operation
Equipment—Boats
Worlimen's Compensation
Contribution Retirement System.
519.00
166.55
79.40
197.81
53.78
260.50
8,283.76
18.00
9,578.80
2,337.20
—284.85
.25
450.35
260.02
198.00
2,960.97
2,981.50
697.82
47.25
294.62
804.76
180.00
5,005.95
S 29,522.81
$ 165.00
200.00
365.00
965.02
997.28
5,381.69
133.91
785.53
40.00
2,078.f
$ 31,389.06
986.50
1,649.87
12.10
6,335.17
34
DIVISION OF GAME AND INLAND FISHERIES—Continued
1944-45 1945-46
Game DvnsiOK—Continued:
Disbursements—Continued:
Miscellaneous Accovnts—Continued:
Emergency Salary. % 21,258.05
992.71
$ 12,724.64
(Pittman-Robertson Projects 588.95)
Transfer to Special Funds^ .-. ..
Purchase and Development Lands and Waters.. 40,699.50
Total. $ 28,602.04 $ 62,407.78
Total Disbursements S 263,540.35
S 239,349.70
86,334.77
19,308.42
595.00
511.00
6,107.89
% 349,295.20
Less Receipts:
$ 355,955.18
88,666.43
18,692.18
130.00
Miscellaneous Receipts 399.00
234.13
Total Receipts—Game .. $ 352,206.78 $ 464,076.92
Credit Balance Forward—Game $ 88,666.43
$ 123,547.97
360,666.38
$ 114,781.72
Summary Game and Fish Funds:
Total Credit Balance prom Preceding Year % 140,419.83
•Total Net Receipts .. 519,823.49
Total Net Revenue $ 484,214.35
343,794.52
$ 660,243.32
Less Total Net Disbursements 415,908.73
Total 1 140,419.83
$
% 244,334.59
Less Transfer to Special Funds:
$ 48.917.00
Total Credit Balance Forward To Secceedino Year $ 140,419.83 $ 195,417.59
PURCHASE AND DEVELOPMENT OF HUNTING AND FISHING
LANDS AND WATERS—SPECIAL FUNDS
Statement of Receipts and Disbursements
Biennium 1944-46
Disbursements:
Less Receipts:
Inland Fisheries Fund:
Fifty Cents on Each Non-resident and State License Sold $. $ 8,217.50
Game Fund:
S $ 40,699.50
% 1 48,917.00
Total Credit Balance Forward To Succeeding Year S $ 48.917.00
•Deposits during fiscal year.
DIVISION OF COMMERCIAL FISHERIES
INTRODUCTION
The livelihood of thousands of citizens and the support of their
families depend upon commercial fishing. These fishermen are assured
that the Department of Conservation and Development will give them
the fullest measure of cooperation consistent with the best interest
of all concerned. The primary purpose of the Department is to achieve
maximum production with a minimum loss to this great natural
resource. To this end, rules and regulations, based upon considered
judgment, are passed; restricted areas, that have been proved polluted
under thorough laboratory test, are set off; as large a patrol of com-mercial
waters as our means will permit is maintained; and an edu-cational
program, as personal and individual as possible, is encouraged.
However, the Department acknowledges it is not infallible and that
mistakes may be made in supervising such a large enterprise.
FOOD FISH
The quality of edible food fish produced this biennium is around
a million pounds short of that produced the previous period. This
decrease was caused by the lack of ice and adequate facilities for
handling the fish and not by their scarcity. During the fall season
of 1945 we had more fish than usual but could not market them for
the reasons stated above which forced some of the fishermen who
had made large catches of fish in their nets to turn them out alive.
It is reasonably safe to say that we shall not be handicapped this
next biennium or in the foreseeable future by the lack of ice because
our ice output has been increased appreciably and because a quick-freezing
plant at Beaufort will soon be in operation. The old N. C.
Fisheries plant at Morehead City has been sold to a Baltimore concern
and renamed the Croatan Freezing Seafood Company. This plant which
has a storage capacity of 800,000 pounds that we have never had the
advantage of before will also be available in the future for taking
care of large catches of fish. The fishermen marketed 90,717,000 pounds
of food fish at a price of $7,692,050 during this biennium as against
91,475,000 pounds the previous biennium at a price of $6,434,800.
SHRIMP
The production of shrimp this biennium was the largest known
for a like period. Large catches of shrimp were made on the inside
for the season 1945 two weeks earlier than usual and continued for
four weeks longer than usual because of favorable weather. This
activity in the ocean during 1945 was a complete failure except in
the Southport area. The shrimp catch was 9,826,810 pounds during
this biennium at a value of $1,965,362.00 to the fishermen as against
5,900,000 pounds at a value of $590,000.00 for the previous period.
35
36
MENHADEN
One of the disappointments experienced this biennium was the
failure of the out-of-State menhaden boats to fish in our waters north
of Hatteras. Previous to the war this Department collected from
$3,500.00 to $4,500.00 a year in licenses from this activity. The second
big disappointment was experienced when the weather turned bad
during the fall of 1945 at the height of the fishing season. At that
time the large menhaden were here in great schools but the few
days of bad weather drove the fish away and when the boats were
able to go to sea again fish were found only in small quantities. No
other big schools of large menhaden came into our waters during
the rest of the season; however, the few days the boats did work
in the big fish such quantities of fish were brought in that factories
were kept going night and day at full capacity. The State produced
this period 376,816,000 menhaden valued at $2,871,000.00; and mar-keted
3,768,000 gallons of oil valued at $2,072,000.00 and 27,181 tons
of scrap valued at $1,627,000.00. The nine menhaden plants in the
State, eight of which are in Carteret County and one in Brunswick,
represent an investment of $1,800,000; the boats, $2,000,000; and
nets, $150,000.
OYSTERS
The oystermen received a much better price for their oysters per
bushel during this biennium than ever before. Largely for this reason,
more men and many more boats were engaged in this activity than
ever before in the history of the industry. The Department did every-thing
it could with the means in hand to keep a close supervision
over this activity, especially in enforcing the cull law and the size
of power boats engaged in dredging. The production was 721,689
bushels of oysters this biennium valued at $1,082,534 as against 752,268
bushels for the past biennium valued at $752,268. This production
does not take into consideration the oysters that were used for home
consumption and those that were produced on private oyster beds.
A bushel of oysters is five pecks instead of four as in other measures.
CLAMS
The output of clams this biennium was 60,814 bushels valued at
$121,628 as against 75,431 bushels valued at $150,862 for the previous
period. This decrease was not due to the lack of clams but because
of lack of markets. One of the largest clam dealers was not able to
operate this past season because the nationally known canning com-pany
which bought his output was not able to get cans to pack the
clams. This report does not take into consideration the clams that
were used for home consumption.
ESCALLOPS
There was a production of 3,211 gallons of escallops valued at
$12,844 compared with 2,000 gallons at a value of $4,000 last bi-
3T.
ennium. More escallops than for years were available. Nineteen years
ago escalloping was one of our main fisheries but after the eel grass
disappeared all along the coast the production of escallops stopped
completely. The grass is still very scarce and some of the soft crab
dealers have to order their grass from Crisfield, Maryland to use in
packing their crabs.
CRABS
Within the past few years the hard crab has been much more
important to the State and the crabbers than the soft crab from a
revenue standpoint. Many more citizens were engaged in the industry
and they were more widely distributed. There have been twelve new
hard crab packing plants built this biennium in Dare, Beaufort,
Pamlico and Carteret counties—the areas where this industry is most
active. Production of soft crabs was 69,056 dozen, valued at $138,112,
compared with 76,420 dozen, valued at $114,630, the previous period.
We produced 10,100,000 pounds of hard crabs, valued at $404,000,
this biennium as against 10,000,000 pounds, valued at $400,000, the
previous period.
REPORT OF DISTRICT SANITARIAN
Captain John A. Nelson,
Fisheries Commissioner
Morehead City, N. C.
Dear Captain Nelson:
It is a pleasure to submit this brief report of the various activities
conducted by the office of Shellfish Sanitation during the biennium
ending June 30, 1946.
During this biennium there were 1,184 sanitary inspections made
of the 198 shellfish plants. Samples of shellfish growing waters col-lected
and subjected to bacteriological examinations totaled more than
3,300. Detailed plans for 44 new shellfish plants were prepared and
furnished without charge.
North Carolina shellfish industries made great strides during the
biennium. In spite of the shortage of building material and essential
equipment 22 new shucking plants were built at a cost of $58,000,
increasing the number of plants certified to 48. Twelve new shellstock
plants were built at a cost of $6,000, bringing the total number of
shellstock dealers to 130. Twelve new crab meat plants, valued at
$27,000, were built. In addition to the expenditures for new plants
of all types, approximately $32,000 was spent in enlarging or repair-ing
old plants.
The cooperative attitude of most shellfish dealers has demonstrated
that they have apparently begun to recognize sanitation as an eco-nomic
necessity. They have responded admirably to the U. S. Public
Health Service's elevation of minimum sanitary requirements. They
have learned that quality of product is essential to financial success;
I have learned that financial success for the producer is also essential
38
for best sanitation. Plants nov/ rate favorably with the best in the
nation. The weakest link in the production chain has been the acute
shortage of willing and competent workers. However, in spite of the
many factors retarding production, North Carolina shellfish catchers
and shippers enjoyed the most successful seasons in many years.
More than a thousand plant employees were provided with well
paying jobs.
Due largely to the highly perishable quality of crab meat and
shucked oysters, maximum production has neither been attained nor
sought. The bulk of shellfish shipments is consigned to northern mar-kets
already flooded. Bad roads from plants to main highways cause
long delays in shipments to markets. Several new quick-freeze plants
are now under construction; perhaps they will furnish the solution
to this problem. There is definite need for development of markets
within this State. Steps should be taken to acquaint the buying public
of the high sanitary quality of North Carolina shellfish.
In cooperation with the Division of Commercial Fisheries of the
N. C. Department of Conservation and Development, and the U. S.
Public Health Service, the State Board of Health completed extensive
sanitary and bacteriological surveys of the following shellfish pro-ducing
waters: Shallow Bag Bay and Croatan Sound in Dare County;
Core Sound, Newport River, Taylor's Creek, Bogue Sound and Oyster
Creek in Carteret County; White Oak River, Queen Creek, New River,
Stump Sound and Barlow Creek in Onslow County.
As a result of the surveys, the taking of clams and oysters from
several thousand acres of productive bottoms has been restricted.
Closed areas were marked and suitable posters prepared and dis-tributed.
Constant supervision over the patrolling of restricted shell-fish
areas had been maintained, resulting in the apprehension of
several persons observed taking clams or oysters from polluted waters.
However, the addition of one or more shallow draft boats for patrolling
restricted shellfish waters is recommended as the present territories
restricted are too extensive to be ' amply covered by the boats now
available for this purpose. The abnormally large concentration of
military and civilian personnel in the coastal areas has multiplied the
sewage pollution of coastal waters. Sewerage treatment facilities in
many of eastern communities are dangerously inadequate, hence
not only has a public health hazard been created but shellfishermen
have been deprived of many acres of clam and oyster bottoms.
In concluding this report, I wish to express my , appreciation for
the complete cooperation and assistance you and the members of your
staff have extended me and my co-workers in the performance of
our duties.
Respectfully submitted,
N. McKeithen Caldwell,
Shellfish Sanitarian,
N. C. State Board of Health
39
DIAMOND-BACK TERRAPIN
Large quantities of diamond-back terrapin are in our waters, but
they are not caught because there is no market for them. The Federal
Laboratory at Pivers Island liberated 8,500 young terrapin in our
sounds and bays during this biennium.
PATROL BOATS
Since the last report the John A. Nelson has been returned to us
by the Coast Guard and has been sold. We now have the Hatteras
which is stationed at Morehead City; the Albemarle, at Edenton;
Croatan and Pungo, at Manteo; Ocracoke, at Belhaven; Neuse, at
New Bern; and the speed boat, Atlantic, at Morehead City. The U. S.
Public Health Service has restricted territory for shellfish and the
Atlantic patrols the territory around Morehead City, Beaufort and
in Bogue Sound. We have bought a new boat which is now in New
Bern having the house put on it. We hope to have this 46-foot boat,
which is known as a Coresounder, ready by the first of the year for
patrolling oyster grounds in Pamlico Sound. When this boat has been
put in commission, our patrol enforcement services should be much
more satisfactory.
40
KIND, QUANTITY AND VALUE OF FISH TAKEN IN WATERS OF
NORTH CAROLINA
For the Period July 1944 to June 30, 1946
Kind of Fish No. Pounds Value
Spotted Trout
Gray Trout
Sea Mullet
Blue Fish
Mullet
Croakers
Spots
Hog Fish.
Mackerel
Shad
Herring
Butters
Carp
Rock or Striped Bass.
Flounders
Puppy Drum
White Perch
Cats
Eels..
Jack
Pike
Pompano
Channel Bass
Sheephead
,500,000
,300,000
800,000
,000,000
,500,000
,000,000
,500,000
900,000
800,000
,800,000
,000,000
,200,000
,200,000
900,000
,300,000
700,000
800,000
700,000
100,000
500,000
40.000
15,000
150,000
12,000
Total Food Fish.
Shrimp
Menhaden (No. Fish).
90,717,000
.9,826,810
376,816,000
Total Value Fin Fish.
875,000.00
,476,000.00
48,000.00
120,000.00
780,000.00
600,000.00
870,000.00
54,000.00
120,000.00
720,000.00
900,000.00
72,000.00
144,000.00
225,000.00
345,000.00
84,000.00
96,000.00
84,000.00
12,000.00
50,000.00
4,000.00
3,750.00
7,500.00
1,800.00
7,692,050.00
1,965,362.00
2,871,000.00
$12,528,412.00
Shellfish
Oysters
Clams
Soft Shell Crabs.
Escallops
Hard Crabs
721,689 (bushels) $1,082,534.00
60,814 (bushek) 121,628.00
69,056 (dozen) 138,112.00
3,211 (gaUons) 12,344.00
10,100,000 (pounds) 404,000.00
Total Value Shellfish $1,758,618.00
Totals
Value of Fin Fish $12,528,412.00
Value of Shellfish. 1,758,618.00
Total Value Water Products. $14,287,030.00
41
STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS OF THE
DIVISION OF COMMERCIAL FISHERIES, DEPARTMENT
OF CONSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT
For Biennium 1944-45—1945-46
1945-46
Administration and INSPECTIO^f:
Commissioner's Salary
Salaries and Wages—Staff
Supplies
Postage, Telephone and Telegram.
Travel Expense
Printing and Binding
Motor Vehicle Operation
Office Rent
Insurance and Bonding
Equipment
Other Sources
4,200.00
17,024.60
163.90
398.43
506.45
399.09
2,837.25
1,000.00
79.12
4,800.00
19,858.00
102.01
305.33
601.35
408.40
3,280.21
1,066.67
47.60
100.00
43.50
Total,
Pperation Patrol Boats:
Salaries and Wages
Supplies
Gas and Oils
Equipment
Subsistence
Docks and Warehouses
Marking Fishing Limits
Fire Insurance—Patrol Boats
Repairs Boat Hatteras
Purchase of Boat ($3,250. hull—$8,998. transfer).
Total
$ 26,608.84
12,261.00
4,213.35
1,956.48
3,891.52
1,547.20
2,638.00
328.43
198.50
90.00
8,602.79
$ 30,613.07
16,362.50
4,878.20
2,782.54
5,294.82
500.00
3,632.00
390.00
285.55
139.17
12,148.00
Shellfish Sanitation:
Supplies and Materials.
Equipment ,
$ 35,727.27
125.74
12.50
$ 46,412.78
90.88
25.58
Total.
Dtster Demonstration Farm:
Salaries and Wages
Supplies.
Insurance and Bonding
Subsistence
138.24
1,200.00
146.70
13.50
240.00
116.46
$ 1,380.00
241.50
240.00
Total.
Employees War Bonus..
-
Emergency Salary
1,600.20
2,618.00
1,861.50
2,714.45
Total Expenditures.
Less Receipts
$ 66,692.55
43,567.19
? 81,718.26
65,439.89
Appbopbiation. $ 23,125.36 $ 16,278.37
42
STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS—Continued
1944-45 1945-46
Receipts:
Food Fish Licenses and Taxes
Oyster Licenses and Taxes
Escallop Licenses and Taxes
Clam Licenses and Taxes
Crab Licenses and Taxes
Menhaden Licenses
Power Boat Licenses
Other Sources
Allocation from Navy—Hatteras.
Alloeation from Navy—Nelson...
Sale of boat Nelson
$ 7,993.01
8,739.68
1,580.53
4,024.37
15,188.00
452.50
3,228.85
2,360.25
16,839.37
15,806.20
180.55
1,646.58
5,329.54
10,511.50
357.50
2,620.65
Total. $ 43,567.19
8,998.00
3,150.00
$ 65,439.
DIVISION OF COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY
The biennium covered by this report presented far beyond the
ordinary assortment of circumstances with attending variety of prob-lems.
During the early part of the two-year period the country was
engaged in warfare, and with the termination of the conflict the post-war
period was entered.
Naturally, these changing conditions affected vitally the course of
industry which ranged from all-out war production, the first steps
in reconversion, and civilian production. Even during the latter
months of the war, when there was a decreasing demand for war
materials and the cancellation of orders began, industry speeded up
plans for reconversion.
At the beginning of 1945, activities of the special Committee on
War Industrial Coordination were terminated with the completion
of a program designed to help manufacturers switch into war pro-duction.
This Committee, through Secretary J. E. Coad, assisted many
industries in bridging the gap between their normal operations and
conversion into the production of materials of war. As the production
of all except the most essential consumer items was stopped, it was
necessary for the best interests of the country and the workers to
switch this capacity into more vital production. It was in helping to
speed this transition that the most valuable service of the committee
was rendered.
Members of the Committee on War Industrial Coordination served
on a voluntary basis and they deserve the gratitude of the State. Mr.
Coad resigned as secretary of the group at the beginning of 1945 to
enter private business.
PERSONNEL
Employment of an adequate staff was one of the primary problems
of the Division during the biennium, and at no time during this period
was it possible to assemble a complete organization. Because of
scarcity of qualified personnel, it was necessary in the previous bi-ennium
to employ a part-time industrial engineer. The Division
obtained the services of R. W. Redwine, representative of Eastman,
Scott and Company, which handles the State advertising account.
Mr. Redwine went back to full-time with the agency after serving
through the most pressing war emergency period.
In November, 1945, W. C. Lehew, an engineer with considerable
experience in industry, personnel management, sales, and advertising
was employed as assistant industrial engineer and worked through
i the rest of the biennium. Mr. Lehew, however, plans to enter business
I for himself soon after the close of the biennium.
I
M. L. Shepherd, who was released from the army as lieutenant-
I
colonel, came with the Division as assistant industrial engineer in
March 1946. Mr. Shepherd was on the faculty and the administrative
43
44
staff of N. C. State College for a number of years before entering the
service. He is a graduate engineer and has done post-graduate work in
administrative engineering.
One of the most pressing problems at the close of the biennium
was that of finding a suitable stafif to carry on the Rural Industries
promotional program. A fuller account of this activity will be given
in another part of this report.
GENERAL ACTIVITIES
Glesinger Report: Dr. Egon Glesinger, a forest economist with
considerable European background, was employed early in 1945 to
make a study of forest conditions in the State from the viewpoint
of proposing a long-time utilization program, particularly from the
standpoint of utilizing parts of the tree that heretofore have been
wasted.
Dr. Glesinger completed his study late in 1944 and his report was
issued early in 1945. This report intensified interest in the further
development of wood-using industries and it is believed that it will
play an important part in future developments. The study was made
possible through the particular interest of Governor Broughton and
funds made available by Henry Wilson, Morganton furniture manu-facturer.
Analytical and General Activities: Because of the large number of
industrial prospects which have been served during these two years,
the amount of general long-range research has been limited. The time
spent with individual prospects is often duplicated or surpassed by
research to fit the individual requirements. The requests on the part
of the industrialists range from the simple to the intricate and involved.
As an example, a large metal working company initiated a study
of sites in connection with expansion plans. A representative of the
company was taken on a tour of inspection through a considerable
part of the State. On his departure, the engineer left a questionnaire
which he stated would govern, to a considerable extent along with
his personal observations, the final decision of the company.
Questions propounded by the company covered six pages and the
Division was requested to fill out one for each of several communi-ties.
The answers involved the expenditure of a number of days on
each. In addition, the engineer suggested that a brochure for each
community would be helpful and go a long way toward determining
upon a site. It happens that there was not an active Chamber of
Commerce in any of the towns receiving major consideration and
the duty of providing the information devolved largely upon the
Division. The time of one man for more than a week was required to
fill this demand. More than the normal amount of attention was devoted
to this prospect because the industry would be particularly desirable
as it would help to diversify the State's industrial structure.
Industrial Directory: The Division assembled basic information for
the revision of the industrial directory printed in 1938, but with the
45
issuance of a list of manufacturers by the Department of Labor in
1944, these plans were held in abeyance.
After consultation with the Department of Labor, the Unemploy-ment
Compensation Commission, and other interested agencies, it
was decided that the Division should proceed with the revision of
its list of industries. This list will be issued in mimeographed form
by classification units. Thus sections of the list will be available for
distribution separately. More often than otherwise, only one section
of the list fills the requirement of a request.
The issuance of the directory in sections will enable the Division
to expand its service in helping to promote new outlets for North
Carolina manufactured products at a considerable saving in cost.
Guilford County Survey: In 1945, the Division cooperated with the
State Planning Board and local organizations in working out a pro-cedure
for a survey of the resources of Guilford County. This study is
contemplated as a general appraisal of the resources of the county
with the idea that it might be a model.
The Division's participation is to be the compilation of a form tor
information on industries of the county and assistance in analyzing
data gathered in the study for the purpose of stimulating further
utilization of raw materials for manufacturing processes.
Literature: Although general plans have been made for a brochure
on industrial advantages and opportunities in the State, it has not
been practical to complete the undertaking.
One member of the staff devoted considerable attention to the
compilation of materials for the proposed booklet but, after this
engineer left the employment of the Department, facilities to complete
the work have not been available.
Municipal Data: The compilation of basic data by towns which was
started last biennium has been continued. This is carried on as a part-time
job with the office force shifting into this activity during slack
periods. A special sheet was devised for the purpose. These data are
for ready office reference and preliminary information for prospects.
Market Data: Considerable time is devoted in the Division to activi-ties
directed toward the expansion of markets for North Carolina
products. New outlets for North Carolina's manufactured products
and raw materials are being constantly found as a result of informa-tion
furnished through the Division.
A six-month sample of inquiries and their subjects which were
answered by the Division is as follows: Textile, 17; Timber Resources,
129; Plant Location, 77; Furniture and Finished Wood Products, 16;
Wearing Apparel, 6; Dinnerware and Pottery, 28; General, 67; Lumber,
10; Poultry, 1; Agricultural Products, 7; Silver, 2; Transportation, 2;
Tobacco, 2; Pickle, 2; Paper, 1; Catnip, 1; Canneries, 1; Brick and
Clay, 1; Food, 1; Drugs, 1; Mining, 1; Labor, 1; Minerals, 2; Iron, 3;
Fertilizer, 1; Peanut, 2; Soy Beans, 1; Electricity, 1; Chemicals, 3;
Flax, 1; and Plastics, 1. These and others totaled 398. Most of the
inquiries could not be answered by simple, readily available facts
46
but required research and frequent contacts with other sources to
supplement data in our files.
Service to Veterans: Every effort has been made in the Division
to give the maximum service to veterans who need assistance in
setting up their own business or manufacturing plant.
The calls for this service were particularly numerous during the
latter part of 1945 and early in 1946 as large numbers were being
released from the armed forces and were planning new ventures.
Many veterans called in person at the Department in quest of ideas
for new lines of endeavor and for information which would help them
get started in business. In one six-month period, 47 veterans were
assisted.
North Carolina Forest Resources Appraisal: The Division of Com-merce
and Industry, in its efforts to promote sound development of
the forest resources, joined other agencies in the prosecution of this
study in March of 1945. The appraisal was made under the direction
of the American Forestry Association with this Division, the Division
of Forestry, and the School of Forestry of N. C. State College coop-erating.
It is contemplated that county data will be made available as
a result of the study.
N.E.A. Vacation Center: In the summer of 1946, the National Edu-cation
Association established a vacation center at Bryson City. This
center is one of a series planned by the N.E.A. for various sections
of the country to give teachers an opportunity to enjoy a planned
vacation at a modest cost. The center at Bryson City is the first in
the eastern part of the country. The initial number of patrons was
small but it is believed that the center will grow steadily and may
be the means of attracting additional thousands of visitors to the State
each year. There is some likelihood that another center may be estab-lished
on the coast.
A representative of this Division spent considerable time in helping
Paul H. Kinsel, head of the Travel Department of the N.E.A., to find
facilities for the center.
Rotary Headquarters: Upon receipt of a report that Rotary Inter-national
was considering moving its headquarters. Governor R. Gregg
Cherry issued a cordial invitation for the consideration of North
Carolina. The Division of Commerce and Industry followed through
by furnishing information on the State's facilities and its advantages.
However, it appears now as if the headquarters will remain in Chicago.
Industrial Building Lists: Manufacturing space has been one of the
most severe limitations to the location of industries in North Carolina
during the biennium, and the Division has exercised all the ingenuity
of which it was capable in seeking means to surmount this difficulty.
The search for existing buildings has been continuous throughout
the two-year period. At fairly frequent intervals the State is circular-ized
in an effort to locate manufacturing space. Constant contacts are
made with Chambers of Commerce and various civic groups; real
47
estate agencies are canvassed; and the cooperation of the railroads
and power companies is enlisted in locating industrial quarters.
Information assembled as a result of these efforts is tabulated at
intervals and issued in mimeographed form. These lists are circulated
among developmental agencies and sent directly to prospects. Wherever
possible, a representative of the Department inspects the buildings
and obtains a description in order that they may be presented most
effectively to the prospect.
During the biennium, the 19th in the series of available industrial
lists was issued. This particular list carried information on 47 build-ings.
Although few of the buildings were in what might be classed as
good condition and ready for immediate use, the demand is illustrated
by removal of 19 from the former list. The utility of these lists is
shown by the fact that several industries have been established as
a direct result of its circulation and others are believed to have gone
into operation as an indirect result.
Scarcity of building materials, rising costs of construction, and Fed-eral
regulations proved to be a positive check on industrial construc-tion
during the last several months. Numerous projects which had
been definitely planned were postponed. This situation is undoubtedly
an important factor in the slackening of the number of industrial
prospects near the close of the biennium.
In addition to systematic efforts to locate ready-built manufacturing
space, the Division has attempted to develop interest on the part
of community groups in erecting industrial buildings for lease to
manufacturers. It has also encouraged local groups to assist prospects
in every practical way in working out building problems. It is en-couraging
to note that some community construction enterprises have
been carried out and building funds have been raised in others. The
Division, however, does not encourage gifts or what is known in
promotional circles as "concessions" to manufacturers, but it does
aim to protect them against exploitation.
Site Studies: One of the most pressing needs of the Division is a
thorough study of plant sites in the State and the tabulation of
data on the most promising. From time to time, some of this work
has been done but there is a definite demand for a State-wide study,
listing, and tabulation of site data.
Much of the site data in the files of the Division has been assembled
in cooperation with development agencies, but more complete infor-mation
is needed. A study of this nature has been carried out in Vir-ginia,
and, as a result, the promotional agencies have been able to
present their sites more completely and effectively and with minimum
loss of time. No one can tell exactly the effect this has had in bringing
more industries but it is undoubtedly good salesmanship which must
inevitably bring results.
The Division is constantly seeking further cooperation from other
agencies which are concerned in the development of the State in
assembling site information. It is believed that at least one of these
proposals will bear fruit within the next several months in the form
of a field survey in one section of the State.
48
PLANT LOCATIONS
Realizing that intelligent and well-guided industrial promotion rests
partly on a knowledge of what is being accomplished, the Division
in 1945 set about to list, tabulate and classify new and projected
industries and expansions. This undertaking was carried out for the
calendar year 1945 and for the first half of 1946.
This survey indicates that the rate of industrial expansion, im-mediately
preceding and following the termination of hostilities in
World War II was greater than for any similar period on record.
Following is a summary of industrial progress during 1945 and the
first six months of 1946:
NEW AND PROPOSED INDUSTRIES—1945
Industry Number
Approx.
Invest.
Approx.
No. Workers
Approx.
Annual
Payrolls
Textile Mill Products
Food and Kindred Products
Furniture and Finished Lumber Products-,.
Stone, Clay and Glass Products
Paper and Allied Products
Lumber and Timber Basic Products
Chemicals and Allied Products
Nonferrous Metals and Their Products
Machinery, Except Electrical
Tobacco Manufacture --.
Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries
—
Total—New Industries
34,500,000
5,350,000
2,500,000
750,000
2,250,000
750,000
500,000
350,000
300,000
20,000
390,000
9,200
2,190
1,500
450
750
900
400
175
185
40
380
11.500,000
3,095,000
1,800,000
305,000
1,500,000
825,000
600,000
365,000
300,000
60,500
550,000
225 $ 47,660,000 16,165 $ 20,930,500
NEW AND PROPOSED EXPANSIONS—1945
Industry Number
Approx.
Invest.
Approx.
No. Workers
Approx.
Annual
Payrolls
Textile Mill Products
Food and Kindred Products
Furniture and Finished Lumber Products.
Paper and Allied Products
Chemicals and Allied Products -.-
Machinery, Except Electrical
Tobacco Manufacture
Stone, Clay and Glass Products
Electrical Machinery
Iron and Steel and Their Products
Automobiles and Automotive Equipment
-
Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries..
Total—Expansions.
Grand Total..
162
387
24,000,000
1,350,000
1,750,000
6,500,000
500,000
125,000
450,000
125,000
65,000
50,000
35,000
1,600,000
36,530,000
84,210,000
12,000
590
1,300
2,250
650
200
300
50
50
150
15
1,150
15,000,000
835,000
1,750,000
4,270,000
950,000
350,000
450,000
34,000
120,000
280,000
30,000
1,750,000
18,705
34,870
$ 25,569,000
$ 46,499,500
49
NEW AND PROPOSED INDUSTRIES
First six months of 1946
Industry Number
Approx.
Invest.
Approx.
No. Workers
Approx.
Annual
Payrolls
Textile Mill Products
Furniture and Finished Lumber Products...
Apparel and Other Finished Products
Food and Kindred Products
Stone, Clay and Glass Products
Chemicals and Allied Products
Lumber and Timber Basic Products
Machinery, Except Electrical
Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries
Total—New Industries
11,500,000
425,000
840,000
2,025,000
319,500
840,000
200,000
30,000
13,180,000
181 S 29,359,500
5,250
570
1,950
480
170
700
120
23
7,755
17,018
8,325,000
830,000
3,500,000
700,000
275,000
1,030,000
175,000
45,000
14,534,000
$ 29,414,000
NEW AND PROPOSED EXPANSIONS
First six months of 1946
Industry Number
Approx.
Invest.
Approx.
No. Workers
Approx.
Annual
Payrolls
Textile Mill Products .
.
66
13
5
4
3
2
7
$ 27,500,000
1,225,000
387,000
2,000,000
75,000
100,000
1,845,000
10,000
390
210
150
35
250
585
$ 15,860,000
570,000
306,000
195,000
55,000
442,000
1,097,000
Total—-Expansions. 100
281
$ 33,132,000
S 62,491,500
11,620
28,638
$ 18,525,000
Grand Total. $ 47,939.000
Total Fob 18 Months From Janu-ary
1, 1945 TO July 1, 1946—New
Industries and Expansions 668 % 146,701,500 63,508 $ 94,438,500
Because the location of an industry is seldom, if ever, the accom-plishment
of any individual or single agency, no attempt has been
made to claim definite responsibility on the part of this Division for
any specific number of new plants. It is known that the Division
has made direct contributions to the location of many of these new
plants and indirectly to others. Assistance is constantly being extended
to other agencies in working with their prospects, and conversely
others repeatedly assist us.
The number of concerns interested in locations during the report
period has, no doubt, been the largest since the establishment of the
50
Division. This naturally means that the time required in direct and
indirect contacts has been greater than before. The major activity
of our staff has been in working with prospects, leaving little time
for general planning and long-range promotion.
From all appearances, major attention must be given to working
with prospects during the next few years. At the same time, increasing
thought will be devoted to long-range planning and promotion, par-ticularly
with the objective of seeking greater diversijBcation of the
State's economic structure.
There should be no slackening of the State's effort to attract in-dustry.
Competition is keen between the various commonwealths for
new manufacturing and commercial concerns, and an effective pro-gram
will guide many to this State which would otherwise locate
elsewhere. If the resources of more than one state are approximately
equal, an effective presentation may clinch the deal for the particular
one which goes out to accomplish this result.
Mineral Industries: Particular attention was focused throughout the
war on increased utilization of North Carolina's varied mineral re-sources.
The Division of Commerce and Industry teamed with the
Division of Mineral Resources in seeking more thorough exploration
of the State's mineral deposits and their utilization.
Consistently during the past several years, these Divisions have
urged the utilization of the millions of tons of olivine as a source of
metallic magnesium. Opportunities in this field were repeatedly
brought to the attention of governmental officials and private capital
during the war, and it is hoped that these efforts may bear fruit
in the future. One of the deterring factors was the lack of a proven,
economical recovery process. As a result of quickened interest in
this mineral, two processes which have wide promise have been
worked out. One of these has gone through the pilot stage and it is
believed that its feasibility has been satisfactorily demonstrated.
One of the most constructive results of the mineral program has
been deeper interest of the U. S. Bureau of Mines in North Carolina.
RURAL INDUSTRIES
The trend of industrial development in the State during past several
years has been primarily toward those counties which are already
most heavily industrialized. This naturally means that many of the
counties are receiving only indirect benefits from new payrolls, addi-tional
outlets for raw materials, and operating profits.
Recent studies reveal that 95 per cent of the industry of North
Carolina is west of Raleigh. Ten counties provide almost half the
industrial employment and these counties contain only about 21 per
cent of the State's population. Three classes of industry, textiles, to-bacco,
and wood products, furnish employment to about 85 per cent
of the industrially employed in the State.
These factors emphasize the need for more industrial development
in other counties. Economists and public leaders in the State point
51
out that the increasing mechanization of farms will release large
numbers of workers to industry in the future. Most of these will be
forced to migrate to find work if nearby employment is not provided.
These conditions emphasize the need of a program which will
encourage and assist in the establishment of small manufacturing
units located in rural areas, utilizing nearby raw materials, and
financed by local capital. Dr. Clarence Poe, editor of the Progressive
Farmer, has been a leader in this movement.
In the latter part of 1945, Governor R. Gregg Cherry appointed a
general committee on Rural Industries, and a meeting of the group
was called in Raleigh in November of that year. A plan of procedure,
calling for 11 district meetings scattered throughout the State was
mapped out at the Raleigh conference and an Operating Committee
w^as appointed. This committee consists of the following: Dr. L. D.
Baver, chairman; Paul Kelly, secretary; Felix A. Grisette, Randall
B. Etheridge, Dan E. Stewart, Dr. Clarence Poe, T. A. Rochelle, Dr.
I. O. Schaub, T. E. Browne.
Administration of the program was subsequently placed under the
Division of Commerce and Industry. Although some progress had
been made by the end of the biennium, the program had not gotten
into full swing, pending the employment of a staff. Because the
success of the program depends, to a considerable extent, on the
caliber of individuals employed to carry it on, the Division is pro-ceeding
carefully in their selection.
However, in spite of the shortage of help, some definite steps have
been taken. Under the direction of the Operating Committee, plans
have been made for the 11 district meetings; subject matter to be
covered has been outlined; and speakers have been tentatively selected.
One of the most constructive contributions to the program to date
has been the preparation of a manuscript by W. A. Smith and R. E.
Hertzler, of The Southeastern Forest Experiment Station on the "Pre-servative
Treatment of Fence Posts." This was published as Resource-
Industry Series No. 1 of the Division. The response was most pleasing
as indicated by widespread requests for copies, and comments from
many sources. Within sixty days after it became available, some
three out of four thousand copies of the publication had been dis-tributed.
The most pleasing result of the appearance of the booklet is the
fact that it has created considerable interest in the possibilities as
outlined. Several individuals have undertaken further studies of the
opportunity outlined in the booklet and some have indicated plans
for the construction of plants. There are no records in the Depart-ment
of the prior existence of any plants of the nature suggested
although there are some larger plants for the treatment of telephone
and power poles, etc.
At the close of the biennium, several persons were under consid-eration
for the rural industries staff and it is hoped that the program
may be in full swing before the end of 1946. Present plans are to
complete the series of meetings before the close of the year.
DIVISION OF FORESTRY AND PARKS
The end of World War II and the upsurge of interest in all phases
of forestry and State park development has challenged this Division
to meet the demands of the citizens of the State. The place of the
basic resources of timber and timberland in the economy of the State
has reached a peak heretofore unequalled. Timberland owners com-posed
of farmers, pulp and paper companies, lumber companies and
investment forest land owners are expecting better forest fire control
and better forest management. These vitally interested individuals
and other farseeing citizens are looking to the State for leadership
and assistance. The State park system must be enlarged and developed
to meet the pressure of a greatly increased use of presently inadequate
facilities. The report on State parks in the following pages is an
indication of the importance of this activity of the State government.
Personnel. With the continuing absence of some of the key men
of the Division, due to the war, it was urgent that the services of
John S. Holmes as State Forester be continued as long as feasible.
Mr. Holmes had been in immediate charge of the State's Forestry
work in this Department and in its predecessor departments since
June 1, 1909. However, in order to lessen the strain of administrative
work, and at his own request, on February 1, 1945, the Board
authorized a change in his status from State Forester to Associate
State Forester. Effective on the same date William K. Beichler was
appointed to the position as State Forester. Beichler had joined the
Department July 1, 1927, as District Forester at Asheville, having
previously served with the U. S. Forest Service in western North
Carolina, and in Minnesota, and with the Maryland State Forest
Service. At the time of this appointment as State Forester, Beichler
had served since March 1, 1942, as Assistant State Forester in charge
of Forest Fire Control.
During the biennium, personnel losses in the Division, especially
with respect to technical foresters, were serious; replacements, again
particularly of technical personnel, were almost impossible during that
war period. The low ebb in the employment of technical foresters
by the State Forest Service over the past ten or fifteen years was
reached in the spring of 1945. At that time the entire State Forest
Service included only four technical foresters in the Raleigh ofl&ce
and two in the field force (the field force representing seven district
offices, two forest nurseries and one State forest).
The end of the war permitted the return of T. W. Morse in October
1945, J. R. Spratt in November 1945, and F. H. Claridge in January
1946. These men assumed positions in charge of the Branches of State
Parks, Forest Fire Control, and Forest Management, respectively.
On March 1, 1946, W. L. Beasley, Jr., formerly employed with the
Division as Associate Forester, returned after four years in the Army.
52
53
The establishment of a much needed Branch of Information and Edu-cation
in the Division had been postponed during his absence. He was
assigned as Assistant Forester in charge of this new work; unfortu-nately,
however, he resigned after two months to accept a position in
private industry at a considerably better salary.
On June 15, 1946, Mrs. Edna J. Almand resigned as secretary to
the State Forester.
During the period between October 1, 1945, and June 30, 1946,
technical foresters again became available, as a result of the end of
the war. During that period we were able to employ technical District
Foresters and Assistant District Foresters to the extent of our author-ized
budget (District Foresters in eight of the nine district offices,
and Assistant District Foresters in three district offices). This total
includes the return of former District Forester B. H. Corpening from
army service in Europe to our Asheville District office; he was the
last of our men to return from the armed services. However, the
MEMBERS OF DIVISION OF FORESTRY AND PARKS
IN ARMED SERVICES 1940-46
Name
Entered On Returned to Major Field
Active Duty Dept.ofC&D of Service
Remarks
Wm. L. Beasley, Jr.._ March 4, 1942,
Private, U. S. Army
March 1, 1946
Captain, U. S. Army
European Theatre
M. M. Carstarphen.. Oct. 26, 1943
Sp(Fireman) 3rd CI.
Aug. 19, 1944
Sp(Fireman) 3rd CI.
Newport, R. L
F. H. Claridge Nov. 10, 1940, (1 yr) Jan. 16, 1946, Camp Plauche, Army Commendation
RecaUed Mar. 7, 1942 Lt. Col., U. S. Army New Orleans, La. Ribbon
Captain, U. S. Army
B. H. Corpening Nov. 29, 1942 July 1, 1946 European Theatre Battlefield
Private, U. S. Army 1st Lt., U. S. Army Commission
Wm.S. Edmunds.-.. Sept. 1, 1942 Jan. 1, 1946 A. A. F. Fort Bragg
Private, U. S. Army Captain, U. S. Army and Shepard Field
Thomas C.EUis Dec. 9, 1942
Private, U. S. Army
April 1, 1946
Technician 5th Gr.
U. S. Army
Ft. Ord
Jesse Long. June 28, 1944 Feb. 1, 1946 Camp Bradford
Apprentice Seaman Seaman 1st. Class .Amphibious
U. S. Navy U. S. Navy Training Base
Thomas W. Morse. .
.
Mar. 7, 1944 Oct. 1, 1945 Naval Training
Apprentice Seaman Boatswains Mate Station, Norfolk
U. S. Navy 2nd CI.—U. S. Navy Operating Base
C. C. Stott Mar. 9, 1941 Jan. 1, 1941 N. C. State CoUege
1st Lt., U. S. Army Major, U. S. Army Hdqtrs. 2nd Army
Memphis, Tenn.
James R. Speer Sept. 29, 1942
Private, U. S. Army
Mar. 1, 1946
Technician 4th Gr.
U. S. Army
Pacific Theatre
J. R. Spratt Feb. 1, 1943
Lt. (j. g.) U. S. Navy
Nov. 16, 1945
Lt. (Sr. gr.)
Pacific Theatre
U. S. Navy
R. L. Westerfield Sept. 30, 1943
Priyate, U. S. Army
Nov. 7, 1945
Tech. Sergeant
U. S. Army
European Theatre
54
great expansion in the use of foresters by private forest products
industries, together with the much higher salary range offered by
such industries and by the Federal Government, made it impossible
for us to keep these men. During that same nine months' period, as
well as during the several months immediately following the end
of the biennium, we experienced a great turnover in this technical
personnel; at least five of the newly returned foresters resigned after
short service to accept much higher salaries elsewhere.
As is indicated above in regard to the number of District Foresters,
the number of District Offices was increased from seven to nine,
resulting from legislative authority effective July 1, 1945. The two
new offices were established in the fall of 1945, in Sylva in Jackson
County and Whiteville in Columbus County.
Legislation. Little change was made in forestry legislation by the
General Assembly of 1945. The chief gain was in the increase of funds
allotted to forest fire control. The increase of $72,239 annually over
the previous biennium indicates a demand by the public for State-wide
protection. The use of this fund is reported elsewhere.
Chapter 1035 Session Laws of 1945. To encourage the establishment
of school practice forests in connection with Vocational Agricultural
Schools. In order to encourage the study of woodland management
as a regular feature in Vocational Agricultural Schools, Represent-atives
Whitfield and Askew introduced a Bill and secured the enact-ment
of this measure. It authorizes the acquisition by gift, purchase
or lease for not less than 20 years of a parcel of woodland or open
land suitable for forest planting, to be handled by the school in
accordance with plans approved by some available publicly employed
forester. This law provides a legal and suitable method of acquiring
small school forests for educational purposes and calls the attention
of the public to a valuable educational feature which already was
legal but has heretofore been practiced only to a very limited extent.
It was to facilitate the use of such school forests that Circular No. 28,
"Practical Forest Management in Vocational Agricultural Schools," by
J. S. Holmes, was prepared and printed.
Chapter 407 Session Laws of 1945. This, the only other legal enact-ment
dealing with the work of the Division of Forestry, is an amend-ment
to Chapter 113, Section 34, General Statutes, repealing the
exception to that measure which exempted Stokes County from the
operation of the eminent domain proceedings for acquisition of land.
By this measure the Act of 1941 becomes applicable to the whole
State.
Temporary Forest Survey Commission. In order to secure advance
study by a representative group of legislators, so that the General
Assembly of 1947 could have first hand information on the condition
and needs of our forests, this measure was enacted. It provides for the
appointment of a commission of two Senators and three Represent-atives
"to prepare a report" designed as a guide for any legislation
55
the commission may deem necessary to place the forests of this State
on a sound sustained yield basis.
Gov. Cherry subsequently appointed the following commission:
Senator Ryan McBryde of Hoke
Senator Carroll P. Rogers of Polk
Representative E. S. Askew of Pamlico, Chairman
Representative William F. Marshall of Stokes
Representative Wilbur H. Currie of Moore
This commission up to July 1946 has held two meetings in the
office of the Department of Conservation and Development which by
the law is required to furnish such help to the commission as it may
be able to supply.
Cutting Practices
In October of 1944, at the invitation of President Korstian of the
N. C. Forestry Association, a representative group of Foresters, both
privately employed and publicly employed, met in Asheville to con-sider
possible State legislation regarding forest cutting practices. The
group agreed upon and drew up a tentative bill for this purpose,
which was to be kept available in case the 1945 General Assembly
indicated a desire to enact this type of legislation. A called meeting
of the Forestry Association was held in Raleigh in February 1945, to
discuss the matter. Sentiment at that meeting and also among key
members of the Legislature indicated that there was insufficient public
demand for this type legislation, and accordingly no such bill was
introduced in the 1945 General Assembly. The new Forestry Omnibus
Bill (H.R. 6221) introduced into Congress April 30, 1946, would place
cutting regulation, as well as a number of other activities which might
well be State functions, in the hands of the Federal government if
enacted into law.
"Cutting Practices for the Carolinas," prepared by the Appalachian
Section of the Society of American Foresters and distributed under a
cover of this Department, might well be consulted in this connection.
Study of State Forestry Administration. During 1944 the Society
of American Foresters and the Charles Lathrop Pack Forestry Foun-dation
agreed to sponsor jointly a series of surveys of State Forestry
Administration in states whose Governors should request such service.
It was most fitting that the principal organization meeting governing
this proposal was held in October of that year in Biltmore, only two
miles from Pack Square and the Pack Public Library in Asheville
which had been donated to the city of Asheville by Charles L. Pack's
father. It was equally appropriate that North Carolina became the
first State in the Union to secure benefit of this survey. At the sugges-tion
of the North Carolina Forestry Association, Governor Broughton
extended on October 7, 1944, a cordial invitation to the Society of
American Foresters to inaugurate this project in North Carolina. As
a result, the survey was begun in the State on November 10, 1944
with Alfred B. Hastings of Maryland in charge of the field work.
56
Mr. Hastings, who completed the field work in March 1945, was
eminently fitted to make this survey, having served as Assistant State
Forester in both New Hampshire and Virginia and for the past twenty
years having been connected with the Division of State Forestry of
the U. S. Forest Service.
The study was undertaken to define and establish standards neces-sary
for the efficient adrriinistration of the State's forest resources,
and to make recommendations as to how these standards may be met.
The Division of Forestry furnished all feasible assistance in the way
of information, office space, and occasional field travel to Mr. Hastings
in the conduct of his study. The final Report in mimeographed form,
as approved by the Society and the Foundation, was received by the
Governor and the Department in early October of 1945. In this same
form it was formally presented to Governor Cherry in person in his
office, and to the Board of Conservation and Development in January
of 1946. Shortly thereafter, arrangements were made by the Depart-ment
to print the Report, and the printed copies were received by
the State Forester in July of 1946. It is to be hoped that this thorough-going
survey, with its 18 specific and listed recommendations, will
enjoy the full and careful consideration of the people of the State.
It is potentially capable of resulting in great progress for North Caro-lina's
State Forestry Program.
U. S. Forest Service Forest Re-Appraisal. The Chief of the Forest
Service in his annual report for 1945 describes this extended study
as follows: "It is desirable periodically to make a comprehensive re-view
of the entire forest situation in order to appraise the condition
of the resource and its management in terms of present and future
needs." Such a reappraisal is now being made. Based on forest survey
data and on new studies, this reappraisal will cover the quantity,
quality, distribution, growth, and drain of the forest resources in the
various regions. It will reconsider future requirements and give special
attention to the adequacy of the available stand in each region to
sustain the current output of forest products and meet future pro-duction
goals. The character of forest practices during the war years,
and the extent to which forest lands are now under various degrees
of forest management, are also being examined. The reappraisal
project will also consider various physical, economic, and social
aspects of the forest situation that have a bearing on forest depletion,
forest employment, progress in good forest management, and public
forest policy."
Part of this project involved a rather extensive study of sample
counties selected as representing a small group of counties. Coopera-tion
was to be asked from a number of public agencies employing
foresters, such as the Soil Conservation Service and the Agricultural
Extension Service. The idea was to make one forester responsible
for the report on at least one sample county.
In the early summer of 1945 this Department was asked to coop-erate
by contributing some technical help in carrying out this study
57
and three men were assigned, each to one county. After a couple of
days training with E. M. Gaines, State Leader of the Reappraisal
project, each forester completed his assigned county by himself and
wrote up the report, mailing it to the Regional Office in Atlanta. This
assignment was finished before the end of July, P. A. Griffiths covering
Alamance County, Frank J. Miller working Pender, and Walter J.
Clark doing Nash County. No indication has been received as to when
the report will be available.
White Pine Blister Rust. This serious Asiatic enemy of the white
pines, introduced from Europe about the beginning of this century,
only recently invaded this State, having spread west much more
rapidly than south. It was not until the fall of 1945 that the first
diseased white pine in North Carolina was found in Ashe County,
though diseased Ribes leaves were found in Ashe, Avery, Watauga
and McDowell counties as early as 1941. While this disease is fatal
to white pine wherever it becomes established, it can be prevented
by the eradication of all Ribes (currants and gooseberries) within
900 feet of the nearest pine. This prevention work has been going
on in western North Carolina for many years, first with no State
financial allotment and then with State aid. The U. S. Division of
Plant Quarantine has led this fight, which promises to be effective.
Beginhing in 1937 the State Department of Agriculture has annually
put $5,000 into this work, the Federal Government guaranteeing to
meet this sum with an equal or greater amount.
Our District offices have been instructed to cooperate in this pro-gram,
so far as possible, especially in the inspection of white pine
plantations and proposed planting sites.
Landowners in the mountain region can still feel safe in planting
white pine for timber production, except in a few very restricted
areas where these Ribes have not yet been exterminated.
The Holmes State Forest Nursery, where the Department grows its
white pine seedlings for distribution to landowners, is outside the
danger zone yet it is regularly and carefully inspected for this and
other diseases. The State Forester, therefore, feels no hesitancy in
recommending the planting of white pine in nearly all parts of
western North Carolina.
Forest Resources Appraisal of North Carolina. This appraisal in the
words of the report is a "project of Nation-wide scope, organized by
the American Forestry Association early in 1944. It is a fact finding
survey to determine the effects of the war period upon the country's
forests productive condition and to study means of improving these
conditions."
The Board of Conservation and Development at its semiannual
meeting January 1945 gave approval to this cooperative project and
authorized the Director to furnish "whatever data and information
the Department may have which would be of value to the appraisal
project and make such contribution of time of the staff of the Depart-ment
which may be utilized to the advantage of the project without
58
detriment to the administration of the proper functions of the De-partment."
This made possible the employment of James Roberts,
Washington, D. C, as an office computer on this project for five months
at $100 per month.
The North Carolina Forest Resources Appraisal was begun in
March 1945, and the field work completed by the middle of August.
The work was undertaken as a cooperative agreement between the
North Carolina State College Division of Forestry, the American
Forestry Association and this Department. All field work and the
development of the report was done by the authors, George K. Slocum,
Associate Professor of Forestry, whose services were generously
donated to this work by State College, and Charles R. Ross, Regional
Consultant, American Forestry Association. A preliminary report on
this survey was published in American Forests for December, 1945,
and a copy of the full typewritten report was furnished this Depart-ment
in the spring of 1946.
Timber Farm,s Program. The award of the Timber Farm Certificates
to timber land owners who have accomplished outstanding results
in the practice of forestry was unavoidably curtailed during the war
due to the lack of personnel. The project jointly sponsored by the
N. C. Forestry Association and the Southern Pine Association, assisted
by the State Forester and Extension Forester and a forester from the
U. S. Forest Service, has been an excellent means of stimulating good
forestry practices. Appropriate signs are being erected on the prop-erties
of those awarded the certificates. To date the following 19
timber land owners have qualified representing a total woodland area
of 253,599 acres.
TIMBER FARMS
Name
Log Cabin Association
O.W. McManus
Ben H. Nicholson
Camp Mfg. Company.
A. M. Carpenter
Genie Shepherd
B.H.Perry
Mrs. T.B.Williams..
Lacy L. McAllister
R. L. Stowe
Rice Gwyn, Jr
Frank M. Harper
Colin G. Spencer
C. H.Goslen
R. C. Enloe
Duke Power Company.
K.Clyde Council
Dr. J. A. AUen
Riegel Paper Company
Address
Sylva. N. C.
Gibson, N. C.
Cowarts. N.C.
Franklin, Va.
Rt. 4, Durham, N. C.
Rt. 3, Durham, N. C.
Henderson, N. C.
Ridgeway, N. C.
Greensboro, N. C.
Belmont, N. C.
Longwood, N. C.
Raleigh, N. C.
Carthage, N.C.
Rt. 1, Pfafftown, N. C.
Rt. 1, Franklin, N. C.
Charlotte, N. C.
Wananish, N. C.
New London, N. C.
Bolton, N. C.
County
Jackson
Scotland
Jackson
Hertford
Durham
Durham
Franklin
Warren
Anson
Gaston
Brunswick
Wake
Moore
Forsyth
Macon
10 Counties in
western N. C.
Columbus
Stanly
Brunswick
Columbus
Acreage
887
85
21.5
6,346
100
103
1,000
25
1,000
50
2,300
45
3,727
132
147
91,534
6,000
97
140,000
59
N. C. Academy of Science. This organization has for a number of
years been much interested in the State park and public forest pro-gram
of this Department, especially from the viewpoint of maintaining
natural conditions. It has actively sought the public acquisition of
the Dismal Swamp and the "Primeval Forest" with this in mind.
Former State Forester Holmes was for several years chairman of its
Committee on Conservation. The advantage to our technical personnel
of maintaining contact with the leaders in botany and other sciences
would seem to warrant continued close affiliation with this group.
Publications. With the reduced personnel in the Division there has
been little time for investigations which are a necessary foundation
for any worthwhile publication or for the actual writing. Circulars
were, however, prepared to meet the demand for information on two
features of the work of the Division, as follows:
Cir. 26—"Forest Tree Seedlings and How to Plant Them," by
P. A. Griffiths;
Cir. 27—"Hints on Planting Dogwood," by J. S. Holmes
Information sheets have also been prepared and mimeographed for
schools and other inquirers dealing with Reforestation, Arbor Day, etc.
Bui. 46
—
The Shrubs and Woody Vines of North Carolina by Dr.
M. A. Curtis, republished in August, 1945, with a foreword which
gives the reason for making available this interesting old report after
being out of print for nearly half a century. These groups of woody
plants form an integral and often important part of our forests and
a better knowledge of them should be encouraged.
FOREST FIRE CONTROL
The forest area under protection by the State Forest Service in-creased
by approximately 166,995 acres during the period covered
by this report. As the following Progress Chart will show, this is
due primarily to an increase in the number of protected (or co-operating)
counties. Financial cooperation in fire control was con-tinued
with the Federal Government under Section 2 of the Clarke-
McNary Law, whereby Federal funds are allotted to the several states
for fire prevention based largely upon appropriations made available
within the states themselves.
It will be noted in the Progress Chart that the Federal appropria-tion
as of June 30, 1945, was considerably larger than that for the
preceding year while the State appropriation was actually slightly
less. This increase was due entirely to the fact that the over-all
Federal appropriation for the entire country was materially increased.
Also, it will be noted that for the last year of the biennium con-siderably
more State funds were available which directly resulted
in the State being able to qualify for a larger Federal allotment.
The State appropriation, under our present system of financial co-operation
with the Federal Government, counties and private land-owners,
is, therefore, the key to the financial picture.
Supervisory Personnel: As is stated early in this Division's report,
60
personnel problems were acute during this biennium. This was espe-cially
true with our technical forester personnel whose duty it is to
supervise both the Fire Control and the Forest Management programs;
it was also true with respect to the seasonal manpower we must
employ during the fire seasons such as towermen, smokechasers, and
fire crews. As the Progress Chart indicates, only one District For-ester
was left on June 30, 1945. The matter of comparative salaries
and wages for State employment and employment in private industry
and with the Federal Government is creating a continuing personnel
problem for both technical and non-technical personnel as the biennium
ends.
The District Offices as of June 30, 1946, are as follows:
District 1—Asheville District 6—Fayetteville
District 2—Lenoir District 7—Elizabeth City
District 3—Rockingham District 8—Whiteville
District 4—New Bern District 9—Sylva
District 5—Rocky Mount
As is also indicated early in this report, J. R. Spratt assumed the
position of Assistant Forester in charge of Forest Fire Control, upon
his return from Naval Service in November of 1945. P. W. Tillman,
who had acted in charge of that Branch during Spratt' s absence be-came
Chief Forest Inspector in the Fire Control Branch, and W. J.
Clark continued as Forest Inspector. Likewise, Archie B. Smith con-tinues
as Equipment and Maintenance Supervisor. Effective shortly
after the end of the biennium, M. M. Carstarphen was promoted to
the position of Law Enforcement Ranger in the Raleigh Office. This
position, authorized by the last Legislature but vacant since that time
due to personnel shortages, represents a needed supervisor of our fire
law enforcement activities throughout the State.
Present Organization: Each of the sixty-three counties under pro-tection
has a salaried full-time County Forest Warden. At the begin-ning
of the biennium eleven of these were also County Game Protectors
in their respective counties, their salaries being paid jointly by the
two Divisions of the Department. During the biennium this combina-tion
warden system was abolished and now each protected county
has