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CHILD ACCOUNTING AND SCHOOL ATTENDANCE
THE LIBRARY OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF
NORTH CAROLINA
THE COLLECTION OF
NORTH CAROLINIANA
Cp379.23
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CHILD ACCOUNTING
]
AND
SCHOOL ATTENDANCE
NORTH CAROLINA PUBLIC SCHOOLS
PUBLICATION NO. 333
CHILD ACCOUNTING
AND
SCHOOL ATTENDANCE
Issued by the State Superintendent of Public Instruction,
Raleigh, N. C.
Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2011 with funding from
Ensuring Democracy through Digital Access (NC-LSTA)
http://www.archive.org/details/childaccountings1960nort
FOREWORD
Because general education is essential to the welfare of the
State, a law has been enacted by the North Carolina General
Assembly making school attendance compulsory for all children
between the ages of seven and sixteen. The State Board of Edu-cation
has been authorized to prepare such rules and regulations
as may be necessary for the proper enforcement of this law. The
State Board is also clothed with the authority to adopt rules
and regulations for taking a complete census and for keeping a
continuous census of the school population. These rules and regu-lations
are included as a part of this publication.
This bulletin also includes many other matters concerning
child accounting and school attendance, as indicated in the Con-tents.
Insofar as possible these various matters are attuned to
the legal aspects of school attendance and to the procedures for
complying with the law. It will be noted that each member of
the professional staff has a responsibility in school attendance.
Where attendance workers or visiting teachers are employed,
they of course have as their primary duty that of helping parents
understand their responsibility in accordance with the law and
with the regulations of the State Board of Education, the op-portunities
which the schools offer to the children of the State,
and the importance of schools to our American way of life.
Where no attendance worker is employed, the superintendent of
public welfare is charged with the enforcement of the com-pulsory
school attendance law. It is hoped that resort to
law enforcement in order to maintain regular school attendance
will not be necessary, but rather that all parents will want their
children to receive as good an education as can be provided.
As we work together to achieve better schools, let us be mind-ful
of the importance of regular school attendance.
State Superintendent of Public Instruction
July 7, 1960
<k
CONTENTS
I. Child Accounting Factors Page
A Continuous Census . 5
Enumeration Procedure 5
Those Entitled to Attend School 7
Entrance Age 8
Immunizations 8
Kindergartens 9
Private Schools 9
Assignment and Enrollment 9
Transportation . 9
Records and Reports 10
II. Compulsory School Attendance
Historical 12
Rules and Regulations 13
III. Child Labor Provisions
Age and Hour Requirements 23
Street Trades 24
Other Provisions 25
IV. Child Adjustment Services
School Attendance Workers 27
Public Welfare Services—, ___
,
28
School Health Services _. 30
Education for Exceptional Children _. 31
Guidance Services 32
V. Appendix
Laws _ 34
Child Accounting Forms 47
I. CHILD ACCOUNTING FACTORS
A CONTINUOUS CENSUS
An accurate and complete census of all school age children is
essential to the administration and operation of an efficient
school system. On the accuracy of the count of those eligible
to attend the public schools depends the potential school size
and a knowledge of grade distribution, including especially the
number of school beginners. Information learned by the census
also includes the number of physically and mentally handicapped
and a record of those attending private schools. With the in-formation
thus obtained, boards of education and other school
authorities are able to determine whether the schools are dis-charging
their responsibility according to law and whether
parents and guardians are complying with the compulsory at-tendance
law.
The Constitution of North Carolina (Art. IX, sec. 2) author-izes
the General Assembly to provide for "a general and uniform
system of public schools, wherein tuition shall be free of charge
to all the children of the State between the ages of six and
twenty-one years." The school census, therefore, if it comes with-in
the scope of this provision and if it is to enable school authori-ties
to exercise their full responsibilities, must include all chil-dren
between the ages specified. It must include not only those
children who attend public schools, but also those who attend
or express an intent to attend non-public schools. It must in-clude
those who have graduated from high school, those who
have dropped out of school after reaching their sixteenth birth-day,
those who are employed or who are attending college, and
those who are deaf, blind, crippled, or have been properly exempt-ed
from school, or who are in orphanages or other institutions.
ENUMERATION PROCEDURE
North Carolina law (sec. 115-161) authorizes the State Board
of Education to adopt such rules and regulations as may be nec-essary
for taking a complete census of the school population and
for installing and keeping in the office of the county and city
superintendent in each school administrative unit of the State
a continuous census of the school population.
In compliance with this authority, the following procedure
has been adopted
:
1. The superintendent as head of the county or city adminis-trative
unit is responsible for keeping the continuous census in
compliance with the law.
a. He may delegate this duty to the attendance worker, or
otherwise instruct teachers and principals as to the pro-cedure
for obtaining an accurate and complete census at
the beginning of each school year and for keeping this
census continuous by monthly corrections during the school
term.
b. He shall provide teachers and principals with forms
upon which all census data shall be entered, and from which
basic data relative to making various required reports may
be obtained.
2. The principal, or head teacher, shall keep a card file of all
children in the district over which he has jurisdiction. A sum-mary
of this file shall be filed with the superintendent.
a. A census card shall be available prior to school opening
during each year for each child between the ages of six
and twenty-one years. The file shall include children who
will be eligible to enter first grade the ensuing school year.
b. The census card may be provided by the school board,
or it may be the form printed and purchased from the
State Department of Public Instruction. (See Appendix.)
c. The information on the card shall include the full name
of the child, date of birth, age, sex, race, place of residence,
name and address of parent or guardian, and such other
information as may be necessary.
3. '/The cost of taking and keeping the census shall be includ-ed
in the budget and shall be paid out of the current expense
fund." (Sec. 115-161.)
4. "If any parent, guardian, or other person having the cus-tody
of a child, refuses to give any properly authorized census
taker the necessary information to enable such person to obtain
an accurate and correct census, or shall knowingly and wilfully
make any false statement relative to the age or the mental or
physical condition of any child, he shall be deemed guilty of a
misdemeanor and upon conviction shall be fined not to exceed
twenty-five dollars ($25.00) or imprisoned not to exceed thirty
days, in the discretion of the court." (Sec. 115-161.)
5. As an aid in the administration of the compulsory school
attendance law and in order to secure better school attendance
throughout the State, the attendance officer, or other person re-sponsible
for the enforcement of the law, shall be furnished
with a complete census file.
THOSE ENTITLED TO ATTEND SCHOOL
All children of the State between the ages of six and 'twenty-one
years, in accordance with law, are entitled to attend the
public schools. This age provision is modified in the case of
children entering school their first year by section 115-162 of
the General Statutes; and in the case of persons over 21 years
of age, who have not completed a standard high school course
of study or who desire to study vocational subjects, by section
115-1. (See 2 below for exception.)
"Unless otherwise assigned by the county or city board of
education (see "Assignment" below), the following pupils are
entitled to attend the schools in the district or attendance area
in which they reside
:
"1. All pupils of the district or attendance area Who have
not completed the prescribed course for graduation in the high
school.
"2. All pupils whose parents have recently moved into the
unit, district, or attendance area for the purpose of making
their legal residence in the same." Where a particular child who
will not pass the sixth anniversary of his birth prior to October
16 has been attending school in another state in accordance with
the laws or regulations of the school authorities of such state
before moving to and becoming a resident of North Carolina,
such child shall be eligible for enrollment in this State.
"3. Any pupil or pupils living with either father, mother or
guardian who has made his or her permanent home within the
district." (Sec. 115-163.)
4. "Children living in and cared for by an institution estab-lished
or incorporated for the purpose of rearing and caring
for orphan children shall be considered legal residents of the
administrative unit in which the institution is located, and a
part or all of said children shall be permitted to attend the public
school or schools of their administrative unit." (Permissive
only.) (Sec. 115-164.)
5. "Every deaf and every blind child of sound mind in North
Carolina who shall be qualified for admission into a State school
for the deaf or the blind shall attend a school for the deaf or the
blind for a term of nine months each year between the ages of
six and eighteen years." (See Sec. 115-172.)
6. "A child afflicted by mental or physical incapacity, or by
such nervous disorders as to make it either impossible for such
child to profit by instruction given in the public schools or im-practicable
for the teacher to properly instruct the normal pupils
of the school, shall not be permitted (italics ours) to enroll or
attend the public schools of the State." (Sec. 115-165.) (See
sections 115-200 and 115-296.)
ENTRANCE AGE
"Children to be entitled to enrollment in the public schools for
the school year 1955-1956, and each year thereafter, must have
passed the sixth anniversary of their birth before October first
of the year in which they enroll, and must enroll during the first
month of the school year." The State Board of Education in
accordance with law has changed the above dates to October 16.
Exception is made in case of children enrolled in school in an-other
state before moving to North Carolina. (Section 115-162.)
IMMUNIZATIONS
"All children in North Carolina are required to be immunized
against diphtheria, tetanus, and whooping cough before reach-ing
the age of one year and are required to be immunized against
smallpox before attending any public, private, or parochial
school." (Sec. 130-87.)
No principal shall permit any child to enter a public, private
or parochial school without the certificate provided for (by the
State Board of Health), or some other evidence of immunization
against smallpox, diphtheria, tetanus, and whooping cough.
(Sec. 130-90.) This requirement does not apply: (a) If the
physician certifies that a preparation required to be administer-ed
is detrimental to the child's health, or (b) if the parents or
guardian of such child are bona fide members of a recognized
religious organization whose teachings are contrary to the prac-tices
required for immunization. (Sec. 130-92.)
KINDERGARTENS
Under the law (Sec. 115-38) kindergartens may be established
as a part of the public school system when a special tax is voted
in a special election for that purpose.
PRIVATE SCHOOLS
The provisions of the compulsory attendance law apply to all
private schools receiving and instructing such chhildren. (Sec.
115-166.) (See also Sections 115-255-257 for attendance at non-public
schools.)
ASSIGNMENT AND ENROLLMENT
"Each county and city board of education is hereby authorized
and directed to provide for the assignment to a public school of
each child residing within the administrative unit who is quali-fied
under the laws of this State for admission to a public school."
(Sec. 115-176.)
TRANSPORTATION
"Each county board of education, and each city board of edu-cation
is hereby authorized, but is not required, to acquire, own
and operate school buses for the transportation of pupils enrolled
in the public schools of such county or city administrative unit
and of persons employed in the operation of such schools. . .
."
(Sec. 115-180.)
Public school buses may be used for the following purposes
only
:
1. For the transportation of pupils enrolled in and employees
in the operation of the school to which such bus is assigned . . .
limited to transportation to and from such school for the regu-larly
organized school day, and from and to the points designated
by the principal of the school to which such bus is assigned, for
the receiving and discharging of passengers. The board shall
not be required to transport pupils living within one and one-half
miles of the school in which such pupil is enrolled. (Sec. 115-
183.)
2. For transporting ill or injured pupils or employees requir-ing
immediate medical attention and other persons to accompany
such ill or injured person to a doctor or hospital for medical
treatment. (Sec. 115-183.)
3. For the transportation of pupils and teachers on necessary
field trips to and from demonstration projects carried on in con-nection
with courses in agriculture, home economics, and other
vocational subjects. (Sec. 115-183.)
4. For the transportation of pupils and teachers to health
clinics. (Sec. 115-183.)
5. For the transportation of pupils and teachers to concerts
given by the North Carolina Symphony Orchestra. (Sec. 115-
183.)
6. For the evacuation of pupils and other school employees
for civil defense purposes. The principal of the school shall
assign pupils and employees who may be transported. (Sec.
115-183.)
RECORDS AND REPORTS
A system of records and reports is essential to proper child
accounting and pupil personnel work. In North Carolina a num-ber
of such record and report forms have been devised for this
purpose
:
1. The Census Card. (Discussed on p. 47.)
2. The Register. There are two State types—Elementary and
High School. They are alike in many respects. Instructions for
keeping the register are printed on the inside cover pages of
each type. Unless these instructions are carefuly followed by
the teacher, the data as to school attendance will not be true. It
is essential, therefore, that every teacher follow the same pro-cedure
in order that such records will be uniform for the State
as a whole.
3. Teacher's Monthly Grade Report. Sheets (blue) in suf-ficient
quantity have been printed as a part of the register.
These reports should be completed and filed with the principal
at the end of each school month.
4. Principal's Monthly Report. Each school principal shall
file with the superintendent a report showing various facts as
to school attendance as required. The Teacher's Monthly Grade
Report and Census Summary are used as a basis for compiling
this principal's report. The State form is furnished to superin-tendents
for distribution to principals.
10
5. Teacher's Yearly Grade Report. This form is also included
as a part of the register and instructions for making it are con-tained,
therein. It should be filed promptly at the close of the
year with the principal.
7. Principal's Final Report. Information for making this re-port
is compiled from the Teacher's Yearly Grade Reports and
from other sources available to the principals. It should be filed
promptly at the close of the school year with the superintendent
of schools.
8. Statistical Report. This report, made in the office of the
superintendent (county and city), is a tabulation of the data
contained in the Principal's Final Reports and of other informa-tion
which is available from other records in the superintend-ent's
office. A summary of the tabulated data by schools consti-tutes
the official record of the administrative unit for the school
year. The Statistical Report is filed with the State Superintend-ent
of Public Instruction.
9. North Carolina Cumulative Record, Grades 1-12. This form
has been devised for keeping certain data concerning each child
from his school entrance, grade by grade, until his withdrawal or
graduation from high school. It is a folder type form. Directions
for its use are contained in a separate publication, A Manual of
Directions for Using the North Carolina Cumulative Record.
The forms are printed and sold to the local units by the State
Department of Public Instruction.
10. North Carolina Cumulative Record, Grades 1-12 (Work
Sheet, printed on bond paper.) A duplicate copy of the Cumu-lative
Record should be sent to the principal of the school to
which a pupil has transferred.
11
II. COMPULSORY SCHOOL ATTENDANCE
HISTORICAL
In the early decades of the history of public education in the
State, the establishment and support of the free public school
system was the main concern of those in authority. Providing
school buildings and teachers for those who wanted an education
was the primary goal. The question of compulsory school at-tendance
did not arise until the beginning of the present century.
Upon taking office in 1902, State Superintendent J. Y. Joyner
called attention to poor school attendance; but at that time he
advocated better attendance by attraction and persuasion only,
except in some mill and factory districts where because of ex-tremely
poor situations he advocated "legislation looking to com-pelling
these children to attend the schools while in session."
There is no record of any such law being enacted as a result of
Superintendent Joyner's recommendation, except what he called
a "mild compulsory attendance law" which was passed by the
General Assembly of 1903 for Macon County.
Thinking that other counties would follow the lead of Macon
by having special laws passed governing compulsory attend-ance,
Superintendent Joyner did not advocate a State-wide law
until 1907, when he proposed "reasonably, conservative compul-sory
laws." A law applying to children between the ages of
eight and fourteen was enacted as a result of this recommenda-tion,
but its enforcement was made optional with the local com-munity
or county.
It was not until 1913 that the first State-wide compulsory
attendance law was enacted. This law applied to all children
between eight and twelve years of age during the period school
was in session. In 1917 the upper age limit was raised to four-teen
years. In 1921 the minimum age was lowered to the present
seven years. And the General Assembly of 1945 raised the upper
limit to fifteen years for the school term 1945-46 and to sixteen
years thereafter.
With certain exceptions (See exceptions below), the naw now
provides for compulsory attendance in school of all children
between the ages of seven and sixteen for the duration of the
school term. Under the law (G. S. 115-166 to 115-175), the
12
State Board of Education is authorized "to formulate such rules
and regulations as may be necessary for the proper enforcement"
of the compulsory attendance law.
Rules and Regulations
(Adopted originally by the State Board of Education, Feb-ruary
24, 1944; revised and re-adopted March 4, 1954; revised
and re-adopted July 7, 1960.)
AGES, SCHOOLS, OFFICERS
1. Ages. In accordance with law, every child "between the
ages of seven and sixteen," that is, a child who has reached his
seventh birthday but not his sixteenth birthday, shall be required
to attend school continuously for the period of time the public
school shall be in session.
2. Exceptions. Compulsory attendance "shall not apply with
respect to any child when the board of education of the admin-istrative
unit in which the child resides finds that:
"(1) Such child is now assigned against the wishes of his
parent or guardian, or person standing in loco par-entis
to such child, to a public school attended by a
child of another race and it is not reasonable and
practicable to reassign such child to a public school
not attended by a child of another race; and
"(2) It is not reasonable and practicable for such child to
attend a private nonsectarian school, as defined in
article 35 of this chapter." (G. S. 115-166.)
3. Schools. Schools shall be defined as follows:
(1) A public school is one established, maintained, and
operated by a county or city board of education ap-pointed
or elected by law.
(2) A private (non-public) school is one not established,
maintained, and operated by a county or city board of
education appointed or elected by law. These are gen-erally
of two types
:
(a) Sectarian school, one whose operation is control-ed
directly or indirectly by any church or sec-tarian
body or by any individual or individuals
acting on behalf of a church or sectarian body.
13
(b) Nonsectarian school, for purposes of Art. 35 is one
"whose operation is not controlled directly or in-directly
by any church or sectarian body or by any
individual or individuals acting on behalf of a
church or sectarian body." (G. S. 115-275)
4. Records and reports. "All private schools receiving and
instructing children of a compulsory attendance age shall be
required to keep such records of attendance and render such
reports of the attendance of such children and maintain such
minimum curriculum standards as are required of public schools
. . . and extend for at least as long a term." (G. S. 115-166)
5. Attendance officer. Except where a special attendance of-ficer
is employed under the provisions of G. S. 115-168, the
county superintendent of public welfare shall be the chief school
attendance officer provided for by law and is charged with the
duty of investigating and prosecuting all violations of the com-pulsory
attendance law. The reports of teachers (Form C5)
shall provide the attendance officer with the necessary informa-tion
upon which to proceed in the enforcement of the law.
WHEN ABSENCES MAY BE EXCUSED
G. S. 115-166 of the compulsory attendance law provides that
"The principal, superintendent or teacher who is in charge of
such school shall have the right to excuse a child temporarily
from attendance on account of sickness, distance of residence
from bus route or school, or other unavoidable cause which does
not constitute truancy as defined by the State Board of Educa-tion."
The following shall constitute valid conditions for excused
absences due to temporary non-attendance
:
1. Illness of the child when substantiated by a physicians'
certificate or other satisfactory evidence of illness. If the prin-cipal
is not satisfied that the reputed illness is sufficient cause
for absence, he shall report the case to the county health officer
for final decision.
2. Illness in the home when it is apparent that the child's
services are needed or wherever there may be danger of spread-ing
a contagious disease.
3. Death in the immediate family.
14
4. Quarantine, which is understood to mean isolation by order
of the local health officer or by the State Board of Health.
5. Physical incapacity, which is interpreted to mean physical
defects making it difficult for the child to attend school, or which
render the instruction of the child impracticable in any other
than a special class or a special school. Any child excused for
this reason shall be reported in writing to the superintendent
of public welfare and to the school attendance officer. (G. S. 115-
165.)
6. Mental incapacity as defined in G. S. 115-165. Any children
excused for this reason shall be reported in writing to the super-intendent
of public welfare.
7. Severe weather which may be dangerous to the health or
safety of the child in transit to and from school.
8. Distance from the school if the child resides two and one-half
miles or more by the nearest route of travel from the child's
residence to an established school or bus route.
Note : The present law on State transportation of pupils pro-vides
that the bus route shall come within one mile of the child
unless road or other conditions make it inadvisable.
9. The completion of the course of study of the public school
to which the child is assigned although said child may not have
reached his sixteenth birthday.
10. Immediate demands of the farm or home in certain sea-sons
of the year in the several sections of the State. (Sec. 115-
167). Since the conditions in different parts of the State vary,
the State Board of Education authorizes county and city boards
of education to excuse temporary non-attendance in any par-ticular
administrative unit where the agricultural conditions are
such as to show a reasonable need for the services of the
child, under the following conditions
:
a. When it is apparent that the demands of the farm are suf-ficient
enough to require the immediate services of the
child, and when it is apparent that sufficient assistance to
meet these demands is not available and cannot be secured.
b. When it is apparent that the demands of the home, due to
sickness or other causes, are such as to require the im-mediate
assistance of any child, and when it is apparent
that immediate assistance is not otherwise available in the
home and cannot be secured.
15
(See suggested procedure for requiring written excuses in
complying with this condition under "Rules of Procedure in Law
Enforcement" below.)
WHEN ABSENCES MAY NOT BE EXCUSED
Absences from school of children between the ages of 7 and
16 may not be excused for the following causes:
1. Truancy. Truancy is defined to mean a child's willful ab-sence
from school without the knowledge of the parent, or a
child's absence from school without cause with the knowledge
of the parent. The school should cooperate in every way possi-ble
with the parent to prevent or correct truancy, and the neces-sity
for assuming this responsibility should be impressed upon
the parent. If the child persists willfully in absenting himself
from school, the teacher shall report the absence to the principal
who in turn shall report it to the attendance officer.
2. Other Unlawful Absences. Parents who refuse to comply
with the health regulations of a community, such as compulsory
vaccination, thereby causing a child to be excluded from the
school, or parents who permit a child to stay at home or to be
employed in any way contrary to the Child Welfare Law (Chap-ter
110 of the General Statutes) , shall be responsible for the non-attendance
of the child.
SUSPENSION OR DISMISSAL
When the teacher finds that the conduct of a pupil is such as
to merit either suspension or dismissal, he shall report the child
to the principal. If, after investigation, the principal deems
suspension or dismissal advisable, he shall make the appropriate
order and report such suspension or dismissal to the superin-tendent,
to the attendance officer, and to the superintendent of
public welfare as chief probation officer. (See suggested form
in Appendix.)
The attendance officer may, depending upon the seriousness
of the case, carry the child before the judge of the juvenile court
having jurisdiction in the matter. A copy of the notice of sus-pension
or dismissal will be accepted by the attendance officer,
the superintendent of public welfare, and the juvenile court as
information either to assist with plans for a child who is already
an active case or to hold as a record in readiness whenever out-side
help is requested.
16
The principal may reinstate a pupil before the suspension
period ends if it is at all evident that the child may be helped by
this action. A reinstatement should be allowed when the princi-pal
and/or the juvenile court deem it to be in the child's best
interest. Any suspension or dismissal in excess of ten school
days and any suspension or dismissal denying a pupil the right
to attend school during the last ten school days of the school year
shall be subject to the approval of the county or city superin-tendent.
(G. S. 115-147.)
RULES OF PROCEDURE IN LAW ENFORCEMENT
Duties of Teachers
The teacher is the key person in the enforcement of the com-pulsory
attendance law. It shall be his duty
:
1. To inform pupils and parents of the value and importance
of regular school attendance.
a. By classroom activities
b. By assembly programs
c. By programs and announcements at parent-teacher as-sociation
and teachers' meetings
d. By visits and talks with individual parents or guardians
e. By written material (printed or mimeographed)
f. By developing public sentiment in the community for
regular school attendance
2. To ascertain the cause of non-attendance and thus de-termine
when an absence is excused or unexcused in the legal
sense. See pages 14-16 and G. S. 115-167.)
a. Written Excuses. The practice of requiring written
excuses is recommended as a means of obtaining in-formation
as to the cause of absences. However, when
the teacher obtains knowledge through another means
that the cause of an absence is lawful under these Rules
and Regulations and a written excuse is not provided,
such absences should not be reported as "unlawful."
Each child should be instructed to bring from the par-ent
a written excuse, stating the cause of absence, on
the first day after having been absent.
In the case of Rule 10 under "When Absences May Be
Excused" applying to absences due to demands of the
17
farm or home, the following procedure should be fol-lowed
:
(1) The parent should make request for the child's ab-sence
to the teacher, stating the approximate num-ber
of days of anticipated absence and the pur-poses
for absence. This should be made several
days prior to the intended period of absence.
(2) The teacher should refer this request to the prin-cipal
who in turn should request the attendance
officer (or superintendent of public welfare) to
investigate the demands of the farm of the parent
concerned.
(3) After investigation the attendance officer (or su-perintendent
of public welfare) should report his
findings to the principal.
(4) On the basis of this report and such other facts as
he may have, the principal should approve or dis-approve
the request for the pupils' absence, and
notify the parent and teacher.
b. Notice of absence. In case the teacher has not received
a written excuse or has not learned the cause of the
child's absence from any other source, a written in-quiry,
or "Notice of Absence," shall be sent to the par-ent
or guardian requesting an excuse and stating that
if a satisfactory excuse is not provided, the child will
be reported to the attendance officer for violation of
the Compulsory Attendance Lav/.
Note: A printed form, Notice of Absence, Form C3,
may be secured from the principal of the school. (See
Appendix, p. 48.)
c. Report to principal. In case no reply is received from
this Notice within a reasonable time, not exceeding 5
days, and the child has not returned to school, the
teacher shall report the child to the principal. (Report
of Unlawful Absence form shall be used; see Appen-dix,
p. 49.)
Duties of Principals
The principal, as executive officer of the school, shall have the
following responsibilities for the enforcement of the Compulsory
Attendance Law and the Rules and Regulations adopted by the
State Board of Education
:
18
1. He shall, in so far as it relates to his activities, utilize the
means outlined under 1 as to duties of teachers to inform
pupils, parents, and teachers as to their respective duties
in regard to school attendance. He shall also perform his
duties as specified in 2,a above.
2. He shall keep a supply of each of the prescribed forms on
hand for use by himself and the teachers working under
his supervision. These forms should be secured from the
superintendent.
3. He shall report, on the forms prescribed, cases of unlawful
absence to the attendance officer. When the principal re-ceives
a report from the teacher that a child is (or was)
unlawfully absent from school, he shall report the child's
absence to the attendance officer on the form provided for
that purpose (Form C5). He shall give the information
in detail as indicated on the form concerning each child
reported. He shall prepare such reports on unlawful ab-sence
in duplicate, sending both copies to the attendance
officer. When circumstances seem to warrant, the princi-pal
should confer with the attendance officer concerning
each particular case, giving additional facts surrounding
each violation of the law which are indicated on the form.
(See "Duties of Attendance Officers" below.)
4. He shall report, on the forms prescribed, all cases of sus-pension
or dismissal to the attendance officer and to the
superintendent. (See 4 under "Duties of Superintend-ents.")
5. In case a child or parent is reported to the juvenile court
for failure of the child to attend school and the principal
is called as a witness, it shall be the principal's duty to
appear when so called at the time and place specified, and
have with him the teacher's report of unlawful absence
(Form C5). The teacher also may be called as a witness.
6. A request by a parent for reinstatement of a pupil from
suspension or dismissal shall be made to the principal. If
the case is one that has not been reported to the juvenile
court and the principal decides reinstatement should be
made, he shall report reinstatement to the attendance
officer. If, on the other hand, the case has been reported
to the juvenile court for decision, the principal or attend-ance
officer should refer the request for reinstatement to
19
that court. The court should report its decision to the
principal and attendance officer.
7. He shall report to the welfare superintendent the "School
Record," Form D. L. 4, of any child who expects to enter
employment following the close of the school term.
Duties of Superintendents
The superintendent of the county or city administrative unit
shall assume the responsibility for creating and encouraging
public sentiment favorable to the enforcement of the Compul-sory
Attendance Law.
1. Through tecahers meetings, parent-teacher association
meetings, newspapers, periodical releases, and other media,
he shall keep the public informed about the value, impor-tance
and necessity of regular school attendance ; and he
shall advise principals and teachers as to their duties and
responsibilities in respect to the enforcement of the law
and in building up public sentiment for regular school
attendance.
2. He shall arrange with the attendance officer or superin-tendent
of public welfare for meetings with teachers and
principals for discussions concerning school attendance
and the enforcement of the Compulsory Attendance Law.
Participation in such meetings by the judge of the juvenile
court is also recommended.
3. He shall endeavor to obtain cooperation among all concern-ed—
pupils, parents, teachers, principals, attendance offi-cers,
and court officials—in the administration of the law.
4. He shall provide such forms and materials as are necessary
for the administration of the law and of the Rules and
Regulations of the State Board of Education, and distribute
these materials to the school principals.
Note: Notice of Absence and Report of Unlawful Ab-sence
forms may be obtained from the State Superintend-ent
of Public Instruction. The superintendent may, how-ever,
devise any form that may better fit the needs of his
unit. This may be necessary in case a special attendance
officer is employed. A letter or statement to principals
and teachers at the beginning of the year, in which atten-tion
is called to the law and with the suggestion that a
statement be prepared and distributed to the children for
the parents, is especially desirable.
20
Duties of Attendance (or Welfare) Officers
The attendance officer shall, under the law, "investigate and
prosecute all violators" of the Compulsory Attendance Law:
1. Investigation or study. Upon receiving from the principal
a report of unlawful absence, suspension or dismissal, or
request for absence under rule 10, the attendance officer
(or superintendent of public welfare in case no special at-tendance
officer is employed) shall investigate the condi-tions
surrounding the causes of absence or proposed ab-sences
of each case. In so far as practicable, the investiga-tion
should be done by personal visit.
a. Indigency. Indigency shall not be a lawful excuse for
absence from school. In case absence is due to indigen-cy,
the attendance officer should inquire into the matter
and bring it to the attention of the department of pub-lic
welfare.
b. Truancy and parental indifference. In case a personal
visit is not feasible, a personal letter should be sent to
the parent in which attention is called: (1) to the
child's being reported for unlawful absence; (2) to the
failure of the parent to render a valid excuse to the
teacher for the child's non-attendance; and (3) a warn-ing
that unless the child returns to school immediately,
or a satisfactory excuse is rendered to the principal and
attendance officer as to why the child is or was not in
school, that under the Compulsory Attendance Law the
parent will be prosecuted, or in the case of truancy, that
the child will be carried before the judge of the juvenile
court.
2. Prosecution. If no satisfactory excuse is furnished by the
parent at the time of a personal visit, or if following a let-ter
the parent shall fail within a reasonable time (to be
stipulated in the letter of notification) to furnish a satis-factory
excuse as to the child's absence, then the attend-ance
officer shall cause a warrant to be issued against the
parent charging a violation of the Compulsory Attendance
Law. If from the investigation, truancy has been de-termined
as the cause of a child's absence, then the attend-ance
officer shall file a petition and cause a summons to be
issued by the court, requiring the parent to bring the child
before the juvenile court judge upon a certain day for a
21
hearing. The testimony of the attendance officer shall be
admitted as evidence in each case.
3. Report to 'principal. The attendance officer shall report to
the principal the results of the investigation, or prosecu-tion,
in case there is any, of each case reported to him. The
duplicate copy of the report of the unlawful absence to the
attendance officer shall be used for this purpose. The
original copy properly filled out shall be retained in the
files of the attendance officer as his official record on the
case.
4. Other Duties: (See "School Attendance Workers," pp. 27-
28.)
PENALTY FOR LAW VIOLATION
"Any parent, guardian or other person violating the provisions
of this article shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon con-viction
shall be liable to a fine of not less than five dollars ($5.00)
nor more than twenty-five dollars ($$25.00), and upon failure
to pay such fine, the said parent, guardian or other person shall
be imprisoned not exceeding thirty days in the county jail."
(G. S. 115-169.)
22
III. CHILD LABOR PROVISIONS
(North Carolina Department of Labor, Labor Building,
Raleigh, N. C.)
AGE AND HOUR REQUIREMENTS
Minimum age .
16 in any factory at any time or in any gainful occupation
during school hours.
14 in nonfactory employment outside school hours.
Exempted from all provisions of the child-labor laws : Farm
work and domestic work performed under the direction or au-thority
of minor's parent or guardian.
(See also Street Trades and Hazardous Occupations Prohibited
by State Law and Federal Fair Labor Standards Act.)
Certificates
Employment certificates : Required for employment of minors
under 18 in any gainful occupation, except farm work and domes-tic
work performed under the direction or authority of minor's
parent or guardian. Physician's certificate of physical fitness
required. No educational requirements, but school record re-quired.
Issuing officer may refuse to issue certificate if best
interest of minor will be served by such refusal. Promise of
employment required.
Proof of age certificates for minors 18 and over: Issued on re-quest
for minors between 18 and 21.
Employment and age certificate issued by : County superin-tendent
of public welfare under conditions prescribed by State
Department of Labor.
Hours
8-hour day, 40-hour week, 6-day week, for children under 16
in any gainful occupation, except farm work and domestic work
performed under the direction or authority of minor's parent
or guardian.
Combined hours of work and hours in school for children under
16 employed outside school hours shall not exceed 8 a day.
23
9-hour day, 48-hour week, 6-day week, for minors between
16 and 18 in any gainful occupation, except farm work and do-mestic
work performed under the direction or authority of
minor's parent or guardian.
Telegraph messenger boys are excepted from the 6-day week
in towns where a full-time service is not maintained on Sunday,
and may work 7 days a week but not more than 2 hours on
Sunday.
Night work.
Prohibited from 6 p.m. to 7 a.m. for minors under 16 in any
gainful occupation, except farm work and domestic work per-formed
under the direction or authority of minor's parents or
guardian.
Prohibited for boys between 16 and 18 from 12 midnight to
6 a.m. in any gainful occupation, except farm work and domestic
work performed under the direction or authority of minor's par-ent
or guardian, and except work until 1 a.m. as messengers.
(Employment of girls under 18 as messengers entirely prohibit-ed.)
Prohibited for girls between 16 and 18 from 9 p.m. to 6 a.m.
in any gainful occupation, except farm work and domestic work
performed under the direction or authority of minor's parent or
guardian, and except that girls 17 years of age may be employed
until 10 :30 p.m. as ticket takers, concession attendants, and
cashiers in motion picture theaters under such rules and regula-tions
as the Commissioner of Labor may prescribe.
STREET TRADES
Minimum age
Girls 18, boys 14, in distributing, selling, exposing or offering
for sale newspapers, magazines, periodicals, candies, drinks,
peanuts, or other merchandise, in any street or public place, or
working as bootblack, in any street or public place, except boys
12 or over employed outside school hours on certificate from
Department of Labor in the sale or distribution of newspapers,
magazines, or periodicals where not more than 75 customers are
served in 1 day.
Hours
10-hour week, for boys between 12 and 14 attending school
and working outside school hours in sale or distribution of news-
24
papers, magazines, or periodicals to not more than 75 customers
in any 1 clay.
8-hour day (including time spent in school), 40-hour week,
6-day week, for boys between 14 and 16 in any of the street trades
for which the minimum age is 14, except that boys distributing
newspapers, magazines, or periodicals on fixed routes may work
7 days a week (between 5 a.m. and 8 p.m.) for not more than
4 hours a day, or 24 hours a week.
Night work
Prohibited from 7 p.m. to 6 a.m. for boys between 12 and 14
attending school and working outside school hours in sale or
distribution of newspapers, magazines, or periodicals to not
more than 75 customers in any 1 day.
Prohibited from 7 p.m. to 6 a.m. for boys between 14 and 16
and from 12 midnight to 6 a.m. for boys between 16 and 18 in
any of the street trades for which the minimum age is 14, escept
that boys distributing newspapers, magazines, or periodicals
7 days a week on fixed routes are prohibited from work from
8 p.m. to 5 a.m.
Employment certificates
Required for all boys under 18. Where the relationship of
employer and employee does not exist between the minor and
the supplier of the merchandise that the minor sells, parents or
guardians are required to obtain employment certificate.
OTHER PROVISIONS
Meal period.
y2 hour required for children under 16.
y2 hour required for any retail or wholesale mercantile estab-lishment
or other business where any females are employed in
the capacity of clerks or salesladies, or waitresses or other em-ployees
of public eating places, except bookkeepers, cashiers, or
office assistants, and except establishments employing less than
three persons.
Hazardous occupations prohibited.
Under 16 in a comprehensive list of specified hazardous occu-pations.
(See also Minimum age.)
Under 18 in a limited list of hazardous occupations.
25
Under 18 in any place of employment or occupation declared
hazardous by the Department of Labor.
Agency authorized to enforce child-labor law.
Department of Labor, Raleigh.
Status of illegally employed minors under the Workmen's
Compensation Act.
Illegally employed minors are covered by the compensation
act and receive the same compensation is if legally employed.
26
IV. CHILD ADJUSTMENT SERVICES
SCHOOL ATTENDANCE WORKERS
Some school units, in accordance with permissive legislation,
employ school attendance workers. In those units which do not
employ attendance workers, the county superintendent of public
welfare in accordance with the law is "charged with the duty
of investigating and prosecuting all violators of the compulsory
attendance law." This particular duty is only part of the work
of an attendance worker, and consequently many pupil-person-nel
services are not provided to the schools.
Attendance Work.
There are in general two aspects of attendance work
:
1. Preventive measures. In the main the work in this area
belongs to the superintendent, supervisor, principal and
teacher. However, there are individual instances where
the cooperation of the visiting teacher, or attendance work-er,
is required in order to make such measures effective.
2. Corrective measures. Such measures as are necessary
should be taken to remedy conditions which are deterrent
to the child's normal development and to his regular at-tendance
at school. These are largely the duties of the at-tendance
worker.
In the case of the compulsory attendance law, corrective meas-ures
include investigating and prosecuting violators of the law.
(See Rules of Procedure, Attendance Officer, p. 21.)
Qualifications.
The attendance worker, or "visiting teacher," should be a ma-ture
person, one who has good judgment and the ability to
analyze a situation carefully before he acts or suggests action.
He should be a college graduate, with some training in pupil-personnel
services and related areas. Note. The State Advisory
Council on Teacher Education is studying "the entire question of
visiting teachers," with a view of making recommendation con-cerning
certification of "visiting teachers."
27
He should have had some experience in school work. A knowl-edge
of the school and what it is trying to do—its place in the
community—is desirable.
He should have an understanding of boys and girls, and their
parents.
He should approach each problem with sympathy and with an
attitude of helpfulness.
He should be firm, where the situation demands it, and apply
the remedy best suited to each particular case in accordance
with human understanding as well as the law.
He should dispatch his duties with promptness.
Above all, he should remember that enforcement of the law is
a small part of his duty with respect to school attendance.
Suggested Duties.
Some of the duties that should be assigned to the attendance
worker are as follows
:
Visit schools and homes.
Assist teachers in keeping up-to-date census.
Make investigations as to physical and mental disabilities of
children.
Assist in securing regular attendance of those of both compul-sory
and noncompulsory attendance ages.
Investigate maladjustments.
Investigate absences of those coming within compulsory
attendance ages and make reports to principal of school concern-ing
such investigations.
Work with other agencies in enforcement of compulsory at-tendance
law—welfare, health, juvenile courts, etc.
Investigate and prosecute violators of the compulsory attend-ance
law. (See Rules of Procedure, Duties of Attendance Offi-cers,
for further duties.)
PUBLIC WELFARE SERVICES
Section 115-168 of the General Statutes provides for the em-ployment
of special attendance officers. The Attorney General
has ruled that where such officers have not been employed in
accordance with this or any local statute "the County Super-intendent
of Public Welfare would still be charged with the duty
of investigating and prosecuting all violators of the compulsory
attendance law."
In county and city units which have not employed attendance
workers, the county superintendent of public welfare performs
28
the duties imposed upon attendance officers as specified in other
sections of this publication.
There are many services available through county depart-ments
of public welfare which will enable the children needing
these services to benefit more fully from their school experience
as well as contribute to regular school attendance. These serv-ices
include:
1. Carrying out legal responsibility in cooperation with the
schools and the State Board of Public Welfare in determin-ing
mental incapacity of children unable to benefit from
the regular school program. (See Appendix, G. S. Section
115-165.)
2. Providing psychological services to individual children re-ferred
for clinical service.
3. Cooperating with the juvenile courts in providing services
to children with special problems, including behavior dif-ficulties.
4. Cooperating with the courts in determining legal custody
or guardianship of children.
5. Issuing employment certificates to minors in keeping with
the child labor laws.
6. Providing financial assistance when need exists.
7. Certifying for school health program.
8. Certifying and referring for special services, such as crip-pled
children service, orthopedic clinics, eye clinics, Cere-bral
Palsy Hospital, and other medical and hospitalization
needs.
9. Providing case work service in connection with problems
of family relations.
10. Providing service to children needing care and protection
through adoption, foster home care, specialized institution-al
placements, and other social services appropriate to
meet the needs of the individual child.
It is the right of every child to have the benefit of education
and training. It is also the right of each child to have guidance
from parents or guardian in realizing this benefit. Many chil-dren
are out of school because of individual or family maladjust-ments.
Unlawful absence from school is an indication of break-down
in guidance or of economic or other problems in the home
29
and should receive early and prompt attention. Departments of
public welfare offer casework services to families and children
with problems and thus help families and children in realizing a
better adjustment. The services of the welfare departments are
important in achieving and maintaining regular school attend-ance.
SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES
The good health of school children is a prerequisite to regular
school attendance. Poor health in the form of sickness, ranging
from bad colds to serious illness, is a deterrent not only to regu-lar
school attendance but also is often a cause of failure in school,
sometimes resulting ultimately in final withdrawal.
The State Board of Health through its local health depart-ments
has long recognized the problem of community health
—
contagious diseases, immunizations, quarantine, etc.—and its
work in this area has contributed to better community health
and improved school attendance. A School Health Program is
administered jointly by the State Board of Health and the State
Department of Public Instruction.
This Program at present covers the whole State in the promo-tion
of five areas of school health
:
1. Health and safety instruction to:
a. Develop good health habits and attitudes.
b. Teach the facts needed in regard to health and disease.
2. Healthful school living (physical and mental environment).
3. Health service, including identification and correction of
physical defects. More specifically, school health services
have the following major purposes :
a. Protection of the child against health hazards at school.
b. Health appraisal of all pupils, including teacher obser-vation
and screening, nurse inspection, and health ex-aminations
by physicians and dentists.
c. Correction of remediable defects through the family
and family physician and help in living effectively with
non-corrective defects.
d. Prompt and proper care of emergency illnesses and ac-cidents.
e. Adjustment of the school program to meet the needs of
children with defects that cannot be corrected.
30
f. Assisting in determining the content of health instruc-tion
as it relates to a particular group of children.
g. Providing information for individual health guidance,
h. Education of pupils and parents regarding available
health resources and their use.
4. Physical education in grades 1-12.
5. Athletics.
School and health department personnel work cooperatively
in making health appraisals and in follow-up work. Children
are first screened for deviations from normal by teachers who
refer those suspected of needing some service to the nurse.
Those children who appear to need further attention are referred
to the health director, or their parents are advised to take their
children to the family physician or dentist for further advice
and/or for service if needed.
If the parents cannot afford to pay for the services needed,
they may apply for aid from the school health funds mentioned
below, or they may seek aid from the State Commission for the
Blind, Crippled Children's Division of the State Board of Health,
Division of Vocational Rehabilitation of the State Department
of Public Instruction, the local welfare department, or from some
other local organization or agency.
An annual appropriation has been made to the State Board
of Education in implementing the School Health Program. School
health funds are allocated to local school administrative units on
the basis of 35 cents per pupil in average daily membership plus
$750 per county. According to law
:
a. 90 per cent of the funds may be spent only for diagnosis
and the correction of chronic remediable defects.
b. 10 per cent may be spent for case finding, health education
and follow-up.
c. Funds for correction of defects must be spent according to
a State-wide uniform schedule of fees and cost.
d. Welfare Department certification as to financial need of
parents is required except for dental services costing less
than ten dollars.
EDUCATION FOR EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN
A program of education for exceptional children has been
provided in the State Department of Public Instruction. (Sec.
115-200 General Statutes.)
31
This program includes the promotion, operation, and super-vision
of special courses of instruction for handicapped, crippled,
and other classes of individuals requiring special type instruc-tion.
"Handicapped" has been denned to mean "any educable
child or youth between the ages of six and twenty-one years,
inclusive, having a physical and /or mental disability which
makes regular school room activities impractical or impossible,
and children having need for special educational services."
Special education services are now being provided as follows
:
1. Classes for educable mentally retarded children, with the
curriculum planned and adjusted to meet the needs of each indi-vidual
child.
2. Speech correction, with a speech therapist working on an
itinerant basis, meeting two or three times a week with children
who stutter, or have delayed speech or articulation problems.
3. Classes for severely crippled children, with the children
being brought into specially equipped classrooms.
4. Classes for the bedbound, with a teacher visiting the chil-dren
in the homes and using the school-to-home teaching device,
are being carried out on an experimental basis in local communi-ties
with funds from local sources.
5. Classes for visually handicapped children whose vision is
too poor to read regular textbooks and who need bold-type books.
6. Individual instruction in speech voice training, lip read-ing,
and auditory training for children who are hard of hearing.
The 1957 General Assembly enacted legislation to establish a
program of training for trainable mentally handicapped children
of school age. To carry out the provisions of this act, an ap-propriation
of $165,000.00 for each fiscal year of the biennium
was made to the State Board of Education to be allocated to
local boards of education on a per capita basis not to exceed $300
per fiscal year for each eligible child enrolled in programs op-erated
by local boards of education.
GUIDANCE SERVICES
The school's guidance service is aimed at assisting pupils in
making the best possible adjustment in all areas of living. Thus
it has a direct bearing on the attendance problem. Good attend-
32
ance, good citizenship, and wholesome motivation are by-prod-ucts
of good individual adjustment.
Most drop-out and attendance studies show some of the major
contributing factors of the holding power of the school to be:
the pupil's feeling of success or achievement, his sense of be-longing
in the school, his career plan, his desire to complete high
school, and his participation in school activities. Counseling and
guidance services in the school are designed to assist with these
and other student needs.
Some general aims of counseling and guidance services are:
To help the pupil to become orientated to the school.
To help him understand himself and his environment and to
make satisfying personal and social adjustments.
To help him know himself and his potentialities and to set
goals and make plans in harmony with his needs and abilities.
To arouse in him ambitions within his reach and to encourage
him to make maximum use of whatever abilities he may possess.
To encourage and assist him in selecting worthwhile in-school
and out-of-school activities in relation to his interests, needs and
abilities.
To assist him in identifying problems contributing to his dis-satisfactions
and in finding solutions to such problems.
Guidance services should be thought of as organized activities
designed to give systematic aid to pupils in making wise choices
and satisfactory adjustments to various types of problems which
they meet—educational, vocational, health, personal and social.
The heart of the guidance program is counseling, that service
by which students are given individual assistance in identifying,
undertaking and solving their problems, whether they be educa-tional,
vocational, or personal in nature. Every school should
make some provision for counseling, either by having a trained
professional counselor or teacher-counselors.
33
V. APPENDIX
LAWS FROM THE GENERAL STATUTES OF
NORTH CAROLINA
SUBCHAPTER VII. EMPLOYEES
Article 17
Principals' and Teachers' Employment and Contracts
115-147. Power to suspend or dismiss pupils.—A district
principal, or a building principal, shall have authority to sus-pend
or dismiss any pupil who wilfully and persistently violates
the rules of the school or who may be guilty of immoral or dis-reputable
conduct, or who may be a menace to the school: Pro-vided,
any suspension or dismissal in excess of ten school days
and any suspension or dismissal denying a pupil the right to
attend school during the last ten school days of the school year
shall be subject to the approval of the county or city superin-tendent.
Every suspension or dismissal for cause shall be re-ported
at once to the superintendent and to the attendance offi-cer,
who shall investigate the cause and deal with the offender
in accordance with rules governing the attendance of children
in school. (1955, c. 1372, art. 17, s. 5; 1959, c. 573, s. 12.)
SUBCHAPTER VII. PUPILS
Article 19
Census, Admissions and Attendance
115-161. Continuous school census.—The State Board of
Education shall adopt such rules and regulations as may be
necessary for taking a complete census of the school population
and for installing and keeping in the office of the county and
city superintendent in each school administrative unit of the
State a continuous census of the school population. The cost of
taking and keeping the census shall be included in the budget and
shall be paid out of the current expense fund. If any parent,
guardian, or other person having the custody of a child, refuses
to give any properly authorized census taker the necessary in-formation
to enable such person to obtain an accurate and cor-rect
census, or shall knowingly and wilfully make any false
34
statement relative to the age or the mental or physical condition
of any child, he shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and
upon conviction shall be fined not to exceed twenty-five dollars
($25.00) or imprisoned not to exceed thirty days, in the discre-tion
of the court. (1955, c. 1372, art. 19, s. 1.)
115-162. Age requirement and time of enrollment.—Children
to be entitled to enrollment in the public schools for the school
year 1955-1956, and each year thereafter, must have passed the
sixth anniversary of their birth before October first of the year
in which they enroll, and must enroll during the first month of
the school year : Provided, that if a particular child has already
been attending school in another state in accordance with the
laws or regulations of the school authorities of such state before
moving to and becoming a resident of North Carolina, such child
will be eligible for enrollment in the schools of this State regard-less
of whether such child has passed the sixth anniversary of
his birth before October first. The State Board of Education is
hereby authorized and empowered, in its discretion, to change
the above dates of October first. The principal of any public
school shall have the authority to require the parents of any
child presented for admission for the first time to such school
to furnish a certified copy of the birth certificate of such child,
which shall be furnished without charge by the register of
deeds of the county having on file the record of the birth of such
child, or other satisfactory evidence of date of birth. (1955, c.
1372, art. 19, s. 2.)
115-163. Pupils residing in school district shall have advan-tages
of public schools.—All pupils residing in a school district
or attendance area, and who have not been removed from school
for cause, shall be entitled to all the privileges and advantages
of the public schools of such district or attendance area in such
school buildings to which they are assigned by county and city
boards of education : Provided, that wherever pupils from non-tax
units, districts, or attendance areas, are assigned to a school
in a tax unit, district, or attendance area, the assignment shall
be for only the current school year, unless satisfactory agree-ments
are reached between all units, districts, or attendance
areas concerned : Provided, further, that pupils residing in one
administrative unit may be assigned either with or without the
payment of tuition to a school located in another administrative
unit upon such terms and conditions as may be agreed in writing
35
between the boards of education of the administrative units in-volved
and entered upon the official records of such boards
Provided, further, that the assignment of pupils living in one
administrative unit or district to a school located in another
administrative unit or district, either with or without the pay-ment
of tuition, shall have no effect upon the right of the admin-istrative
unit or district to which said pupils are assigned to
levy and collect any supplemental tax heretofore or hereafter
voted in such administrative unit or district: Provided, fur-ther,
the boards of education of adjacent administrative units
may operate schools in adjacent units upon written agreements
between the respective boards of education and approval by the
county commissioners and the State Board of Education.
Unless otherwise assigned by the county or city board of edu-cation,
the following pupils are entitled to attend the schools in
the district or attendance area in which they reside
:
1. All pupils of the district or attendance area who have not
completed the prescribed course for graduation in the high
school.
2. All pupils whose parents have recently moved into the unit,
district, or attendance area for the purpose of making their legal
residence in the same.
3. Any pupil or pupils living with either father, mother or
guardian who has made his or her permanent home within the
district. (1955, c. 1372, art. 19, s. 3.)
State Board No Longer Has Au- the authority formerly vested in it
thority to Assign Children from One to assign children from one admin-
Unit to Another.—By virtue of the istrative unit or district to another
comprehensive rewriting of this for the school term. In re Assign-chapter
by ch. 1372, Sess. Laws of ment of School Children, 242 N. C.
1955, the State Board no longer has 500. 87 S. E. (2d) 911 (1955).
115-164. Children at orphanages permitted to attend public
schools.—Children living in and cared for and supported by an
institution established or incorporated for the purpose of rearing
and caring for orphan children shall be considered legal residents
of the administrative unit in which the institution is located,
and a part or all of said orphan children shall be permitted to
attend the public school or schools of their administrative unit
:
Provided, that the provisions of this section shall be permissive
only, and shall not be mandatory. (1955, c. 1372, art. 19, s. 4.)
36
Failure of Purpose of Trust.—
A
orphan children through high school
trust fund created by will for the without charge under the provisions
purpose of educating through high of a statute similar to this section,
school a girl inmate of an orphan since the statute made the payment
asylum to be chosen by the board of for the education of the children in
trustees from time to time did not orphan asylums permissive only,
fall into the residuary clause for fail- Humphrey v. Board of Trustees. 203
ure of the purpose of the trust on N. C. 201, 165 S. E. 547 (1932).
the ground that the State educated
115-165. Children not entitled to attend public schools.—
A
child afflicted by mental or physical incapacity, or by such nerv-ous
disorders as to make it either impossible for such child to
profit by instruction given in the public schools or impracticable
for the teacher to properly instruct the normal pupils of the
school, shall not be permitted to enroll or attend the public
schools of the State.
In case such child is presented for enrollment in the public
schools, it shall be the duty of the principal of the school to re-port
the case to the county superintendent of public welfare, and
it shall be his duty to report all such cases to the State Board of
Public Welfare. Whereupon said Board shall make, or cause to
be made by qualified psychologists or medical authorities, an
examination to ascertain the mental and physical incapacity of
said child and report the same to the county or city superintend-ent
of schools concerned. Such examination shall determine
whether said child can profit mentally by attending the public
schools and whether his physical capacities are such that he can
attend school without disturbing the orderly procedure of a nor-mal
classroom and the report shall so state. Upon receipt of said
report the county or city superintendent of schools is hereby
authorized to exclude said child from the public schools. In all
such cases in which a child is excluded from schools, a complete
record of the transaction shall be filed in the office of the county
or city superintendent and shall be available to the parties con-cerned.
If the parent or guardian of such a child persists in
forcing his attendance after such report has determined that he
should not attend the public schools, he shall be guilty of a mis-demeanor
and upon conviction shall be punished in the discretion
of the court. (1955, c. 1372, art. 19, s. 5.)
37
Article 20
General Compulsory Attendance Law
115-166. Parent or guardian required to keep child in school;
exceptions.—Every parent, guardian or other person in this
State having charge or control of a child between the ages of
seven and sixteen years shall cause such child to attend school
continuously for a period equal to the time which the public
school to which the child is assigned and in which he is enrolled
shall be in session; provided, this requirement shall not apply
with respect to any child when the board of education of the ad-ministrative
unit in which the child resides find that:
"(1) Such child is now assigned against the wishes of his
parent or guardian, or person standing in loco parentis
to such child, to a public school attended by a child of
another race and it is not reasonable and practicable to
reassign such child to a public school not attended by a
child of another race; and
"(2) It is not reasonable and practicable for such child to at-tend
a private nonsectarian school." (Sec. 115-166.)
The principal, superintendent, or teacher who is in charge of
such school shall have the right to excuse a child temporarily
from attendance on account of sickness, distance of residence
from bus route or school, or other unavoidable cause which does
not constitute truancy as defined by the State Board of Educa-tion.
The term "school" as used herein is defined to embrace
all public schools and such private schools as have tutors or
teachers and curricula that are approved by the county or city
superintendent of schools or the State Board of Education.
All private schools receiving and instructing children of a
compulsory school age shall be required to keep such records of
attendance and render such reports of the attendance of such
children and maintain such minimum curriculum standards as
are required of public schools ; and attendance upon such schools,
if the school or tutor refuses or neglects to keep such records
or to render such reports, shall not be accepted in lieu of attend-ance
upon the public school of the district to which the child
shall be assigned : Provided, that instruction in a private school
or by private tutor shall not be regarded as meeting the require-ments
of the law unless the courses of instruction run concur-rently
with the term of the public school in the district and ex-
38
tend for at least as long a term.
1956, Ex. Sess., c. 5.)
Editor's Note.—The 1956 amend-ment
added the proviso to the first
paragraph.
Sufficiency of Indictment.—For a
conviction of failure to keep chil-dren
in school it is necessary for the
indictment to allege, and the State
offer evidence tending to show, not
only that the parent or guardian of
the children within the prescribed
age had failed or refused to send
them to the public school within the
district, but also that such child or
children had not been sent to attend
school periodically for a period equal
to the time which they reside shall
be in session. State v. Johnson, 188
N. C. 591, 125 S. E. 183 (1924).
Same — Private Schools.—An in-dictment
charging a parent with un-lawful
and willfully failing to cause
his children, between the ages of 8
and 14 years, to attend the public
schools of the district of his and the
children's residence, as required by
the statute, is defective in not ob-
(1955, c. 1372, art. 20, s. 1;
serving the distinction that the par-ent,
having the custody of his chil-dren,
may have them attend private
schools for the required period, and
no conviction may be had under the
charge set out in the indictment.
State v. Lewis, 194 N. C. 620, 140 S.
E. 434 (1927).
Same—Burden Not on Parent.
—
Where the indictment is defective in
failing to charge that a parent or
guardian had also failed to send the
child or children to another than the
district school, etc., under the provi-sions
of the statute, and the State
offers no evidence in respect to it, it
is not required that the parent or
guardian offer evidence to show that
he had complied with the proviso of
the statute; and an instruction of
the court to the jury placing the bur-den
upon the defendant to so show
is reversible error. State v. John-son,
188 N. C. 591, 125 S. E. 183
(1924).
115-167. State Board of Education to make rules and regula-tions
; method of enforcement.—It shall be the duty of the State
Board of Education to formulate such rules and regulations as
may be necessary for the proper enforcement of the provisions
of this article. The Board shall prescribe what shall constitute
truancy, what causes may constitute legitimate excuses for tem-porary
nonattendance due to physical or mental inability to
attend, and under what circumstances teachers, principals, or
superintendents may excuse pupils for nonattendance due to
immediate demands of the farm or the home in certain seasons
of the year in the several sections of the State. It shall be the
duty of all school officials to carry out such instructions from
the State Board of Education, and any school official failing to
carry out such instructions shall be guilty of a misdemeanor:
Provided, that the compulsory attendance law herein prescribed
shall not be in force in any city or county that has a higher com-pulsory
attendance feature than that provided herein. (1955,
c. 1372, art. 20, s. 2.)
39
115-168. Attendance officer; reports; prosecutions.—The
State Superintendent of Public Instruction shall prepare such
rules and procedure and furnish such blanks for teachers and
other school officials as may be necessary for reporting each
case of truancy or lack of attendance to the attendance officer
of the respective administrative units. Such rules shall provide,
among other things, for a notification in writing to the person
responsible for the nonattendance of any child, that the case is
to be reported to the attendance officer of the administrative
unit unless the law is complied with immediately. County or
city boards of education may employ special attendance officers
to be paid from funds provided in the current expense fund bud-get
of such administrative unit and such officers shall have full
authority to report and swear to the necessary criminal warrants
for violations of this article : Provided, that in any unit where
a special attendance officer is employed, the duties of attendance
officer or truant officer as provided by law shall, insofar as they
relate to such unit, be transferred from the county superintend-ent
of public welfare to the special attendance officer of said
unit. (1955, c. 1372, art. 20, s. 3; 1957, c. 600.)
Local Modification.—Graham: 1957, tence the words "report and swear
c. 261. to the necessary criminal warrants
Editor's Note.—The 1957 amend- for" for the words "prosecute for."
ment substituted in the last sen-
115-169. Violation of law; penalty.—Any parent, guardian or
other person violating the provisions of this article shall be
guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall be liable to
a fine of not less than five dollars ($5.00) nor more than twenty-five
dollars ($25.00), and upon failure to pay such fine, the said
parent, guardian or other person shall be imprisoned not exceed-ing
thirty days in the county jail. (1955, c. 1372, art. 20, s. 4.)
115-170. Investigation and prosecution by welfare superin-tendent
or attendance officer.—The county superintendent of
public welfare, or school attendance officer, or truant officer
provided for by law, shall investigate and prosecute all violators
of the provisions of this article. The reports of unlawful absence
required to be made by teachers and principals to the attendance
officer shall, in his hands, in case of any prosecution, constitute
prima facie evidence of the violation of this article and the
burden of proof shall be upon the defendant to show the lawful
attendance of the child or children upon an authorized school.
(1955, c. 1372, art. 20, s. 5.)
40
115-171. Investigation as to indigency of child.—If affidavit
shall be made by the parent of a child or by any other person
that any child between the ages of seven and sixteen years is not
able to attend school by reason of necessity to work or labor for
the support of itself or the support of the family, then the at-tendance
officer shall diligently inquire into the matter and bring
it to the attention of some court allowed by law to act as a
juvenile court, and said court shall proceed to find whether as
matter of fact such parents, or persons standing in loco parentis,
are unable to send said child to school for the term of compul-sory
attendance for the reasons given. If the court shall find,
after careful investigation, that the parents have made or are
making bona fide effort to comply with the compulsory attend-ance
law, and by reason of illness, lack of earning capacity, or
any other cause which the court may deem valid and sufficient,
are unable to send said child to school, then the court shall find
and state what help is needed for the family to enable the at-tendance
law to be complied with. The court shall transmit its
findings to the superintendent of public welfare of the county
or city in which the case may arise for such welfare officer's
consideration and action. (1955, c. 1372, art. 20. s. 6.)
115-172. Deaf and blind children to attend school; age
limits; minimum attendance.—Every deaf and every blind
child of sound mind in North Carolina who shall be qualified for
admission into a State school for the deaf or the blind shall
attend a school for the deaf or the blind for a term of nine
months each year between the ages of six and eighteen years.
Parents, guardians, or custodians of every such blind or deaf
child between the ages of six and eighteen years shall send, or
cause to be sent, such child to some school for instruction of the
blind or deaf as herein provided : Provided, that the board of
directors of any school for the blind or deaf may exempt any
such child from attendance at any session during any year, and
, may discharge from their custody any such blind or deaf child
whenever such discharge seems necessary or proper. Whenever
a blind or deaf child shall reach the age of eighteen years and
still unable to become self-supporting because of his defects,
such child shall continue in said school until he reaches the age
of twenty-one, unless he becomes self-supporting sooner. (1955,
c. 1372, art. 20, s. 7.)
115-173. Parents, etc., failing to send deaf child to school
guilty of misdemeanor; proviso.—The parents, guardians, or
41
custodians of any deaf children between the ages of six and
eighteen years failing to send such deaf child or children to some
school for instruction, as provided herein, shall be guilty of a
misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall be fined or imprisoned,
at the discretion of the court, for each year said deaf child is
kept out of school, between the ages herein provided : Provided,
that this section shall not apply or be enforced against the par-ent,
guardian, or custodian of any deaf child until such time as
the superintendent of any school for the instruction of the deaf,
by and with the approval of the executive committee of such
institution, shall in his and their discretion serve written notice
on such parent, guardian, or custodian, directing that such child
be sent to the institution whereof they have charge. (1955, c.
1372, art. 20, s. 8.)
115-174. Parents, etc., failing to send blind child to school
guilty of misdemeanor, provisos.—The parents, guardians, or
custodians of any blind child or children between the ages of
six and eighteen years failing to send such child or children to
some school for the instruction of the blind shall be guilty of a
misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall be fined or imprisoned,
at the discretion of the court, for each year that such child or
children shall be kept out of school between the ages specified.
Provided, (1) that this section not be enforced against the par-ents,
guardians, or custodians of any blind child until such time
as the authorities of some school for the instruction of the blind
shall serve written notice on such parents, guardians, or cus-todians
directing that such child be sent to the school whereof
they have charge; and (2) that the authorities of the State
School for the Blind and the Deaf shall not be compelled to retain
in their custody or under their instruction any incorrigible per-son
or persons of confirmed immoral habits. (1955, c. 1372, art.
20, s. 9.)
115-175. Superintendent to report defective children.—It
shall be the duty of the county and city superintendents to report
through proper legal channels, the names and addresses of par-ents,
guardians, or custodians of deaf, mute, blind and feeble-minded
children to the principal of the institution provided for
each. (1955, c. 1372, art. 20, s. 10.)
42
Article 21
Assignment and Enrollment of Pupils
115-176. Authority to provide for assignment and enrollment
of pupils; rules and regulations.—Each county and city board
of education is hereby authorized and directed to provide for the
assignment to a public school of each child residing within the
administrative unit who is qualified under the laws of this State
for admission to a public school. Except as otherwise provided
in this article, the authority of each board of education in the
matter of assignment of children to the public schools shall be
full and complete, and its decision as to the assignment of any
child to any school shall be final. A child residing in one admin-istrative
unit may be assigned either with or without the pay-ment
of tuition to a public school located in another administra-tive
unit upon such terms and conditions as may be agreed in
writing between the boards of education of the administrative
units involved and entered upon the official records of such
boards. No child shall be enrolled in or permitted to attend any
public school other than the public school to which the child has
been assigned by the appropriate board of education. In exer-cising
the authority conferred by this section, each county and
city board of education shall make assignments of pupils to pub-lic
schools so as to provide for the orderly and efficient admin-istration
of the public schools, and provide for the effective in-struction,
health, safety, and general welfare of the pupils. Each
board of education may adopt such reasonable rules and regula-tions
as in the opinion of the board are necessary in the adminis-tration
of this article. (1955, c. 366, s. 1; 1956, Ex. Sess., c. 7.,
s. 1.)
Editor's Note.—The 1956 amend- Administrative Remedy Must Be
ment rewrote this section, making it Exhausted. — The administrative
applicable to the assignment of pu- remedy provided by this article for
pils and to rules and regulations. persons who feel that they have not
Constitutionality.—The standards been assigned to the schools that
set forth in 115-177 as it stood before they are entitled to attend must be
the 1956 amendment thereto, which exhausted before the federal courts
standards were the same as those will give relief. Carson v. Board of
now set forth in the next to the last Education, 227 F. (2d) 789 (1955);
sentence of this section, were not on Carson v. Warlick, 238 F. (2d) 724
their face insufficient to sustain the (1956).
exercise of the administrative pow- Quoted in Joyner v. McDowell
er conferred. Carson v. Warlick, 238 County Board of Education, 244 N.
F. (2d) 724 (1956). C. 164, 92 S. F. (2d) 724 (1956).
43
115-177. Methods of giving notice in making assignments of
pupils.—In exercising the authority conferred by 115-176, each
county or city board of education may, in making assignments
of pupils, give individual written notice of assignment, on each
pupil's report card or by written notice by any other feasible
means, to the parent or guardian of each child or the person
standing in loco parentis to the child, or may give notice of
assignment of groups or categories of pupils by publication at
least two times in some newspaper having general circulation in
the administrative unit. (1955, c. 366, s. 2; 1956, Ex. Sess., c. 7,
s. 2.)
Editor's Note.—The 1956 amend- thority tor efficient administration
ment rewrote this section which and instruction, etc.
formerly related to exercise of au-
115-178. Application for reassignment ; notice of disapproval
;
hearing before board.—The parent or guardian of any child, or
the person standing in loco parentis to any child, who is dissatis-fied
with the assignment made by a board of education may,
within ten (10) days after notification of the assignment, or
the last publication thereof, apply in writing to the board of
education for the reassignment of the child to a different public
school. Application for reassignment shall be made on forms pre-scribed
by the board of education pursuant to rules and regula-tions
adopted by the board of education. If the application for re-assignment
is disapproved, the board of education shall give no-tice
to the applicant by registered mail, and the applicant may
within five (5) days after receipt of such, notice apply to the
board for a hearing, and shall be entitled to a prompt and fair
hearing on the question of reassignment of such child to a differ-ent
school. A majority of the board shall be a quorum for the pur-pose
of holding such hearing and passing upon application for re-asignment,
and the decision of a majority of the members present
at the hearing shall be the decision of the board. If, at the hearing,
the board shall find that the child is entitled to be reassigned
to such school, or if the board shall find that the reassignment
of the child to such school will be for the best interests of the
child, and will not interfere with the proper administration of
the school, or with the proper instruction of the pupils there
enrolled, and will not endanger the health or safety of the chil-dren
there enrolled, the board shall direct that the child be
reassigned to and admitted to such school. The board shall
render prompt decision upon the hearing, and notice of the
44
decision shall be given to the applicant by registered mail. (1955,
c. 366, s. 3; 1956, Ex. Sess., c. 7, s. 3.)
Editor's Note.—The 1956 amend-ment
rewrote this section which
formerly related to hearing before
board upon denial of application for
enrollment.
Right of Parent to Apply for En-rollment
of Child in School.—The
provisions of this section authorize
the parent to apply to the appropriate
public school official for the enroll-ment
of his child or children by
name in any public school within
the county or city administrative
unit in which such child or children
reside. But such parent is not au-thorized
to apply for admission of
any child or children other than his
own, unless he is the guardian of
such child or children or stands in
loco parentis to such child or chil-dren.
Joyner v. McDowell County
Board of Education, 244 N. C. 164, 92
S. E. (2d) 795 (1956).
Quoted in Carson v. Warlick, 238
F. (2d) 724 (1956).
115-179. Appeal from decision of board.—Any person ag-grieved
by the final order of the county or city board of educa-tion
may at any time within ten (10) days from the date of such
order appeal therefrom to the superior court of the county in
which such administrative school unit or some part thereof is
located. Upon such appeal, the matter shall be heard de novo
in the superior court before a jury in the same manner as civil
actions are tried and disposed of therein. The record on appeal
to the superior court shall consist of a true copy of the applica-tion
and decision of the board, duly certified by the secretary of
such board. If the decision of the court be that the order of the
county or city board of education shall be set aside, then the
court shall enter its order so providing and adjudging that such
child is entitled to attend the school as claimed by the appellant,
or such other school as the court may find such child is entitled
to attend, and in such case such child shall be admitted to such
school by the county or city board of education concerned. From
the judgment of the superior court an appeal may be taken
by any interested party or by the board to the Supreme Court
in the same manner as other appeals are taken from judgments
of such court in civil actions. (1955, c. 366, s. 4.)
Appeal Must Be Prosecuted in Be-half
of Child by Interested Parent.
—
An appeal to the superior court from
the denial of an application made by
any parent, guardian or person stand-ing
in loco parentis to any child or
children for the admission of such
child or children to a particular
school, must be presented in behalf of
the child or children by the interested
parent, guardian or person standing
in loco parentis to such child or chil-dren
respectively and not collectively.
Joyner v. McDowell County Board of
45
Education, 244 N. C. 164, 92 S. E.
(2d) 795 (1956).
Application for Mandamus Requir-ing
Integration of Negro Pupils Not
Authorized.—An application for man-damus,
requiring the immediate in-tegration
of all Negro pupils resid-ing
in the administrative unit, is
neither contemplated nor authorized
by this section. Joyner v. McDowell
County Board of Education, 244 N.
C. 164, 92 S. E. (2d) 795 (1956).
Right to Pursue Remedies for De-nial
of Constitutional Rights in Fed-eral
Courts.—The appeals in the
courts which this article provides
are judicial, not administrative, rem-edies,
and after administrative rem-edies
before the school boards have
been exhausted, judicial remedies for
denial of constitutional rights may
be pursued at once in the federal
courts without pursuing State court
remedies. Carson v. Warlick, 238 F.
(2d) 724 (1956).
46
CHILD ACCOUNTING FORMS
1. Census Card
INDIVIDUAL SCHOOL CENSUS CARD
(Last Name (First Name) (Middle Name)
Date of Birth:
Year Month Day Birthplace Boy Girl Race
Address: (In pencil) City County
Is child deaf? Blind? Crippled? .
Feebleminded?
How was date of birth fixed: Birth certificate?
Bible record? Parent's statement? Other.
Other helpful information :
(Parent's or guardian's signature)
DIRECTIONS
There should be one card for each child between the ages of 6 and 21.
Indicate, age, race, sex, and deaf, crippled or feebleminded by X mark.
Write date in figures as 1954-6-2 (June 2, 1954). When a child moves
teacher will write on back of card to what town, district or county
to which he goes or from which he comes and send a duplicate of the
card to the superintendent. As soon as he is six years old make out dupli-cate
cards for him and send one to the superintendent. When a child dies,
note fact of death on card and send to superintendent. In the case of
revised cards the superintendent will send a duplicate to the superintendent
into whose city or county the child goes. If the child is not in public school,
indicate what school he attends. A Summary Card is available for reporting
census figures to the superintendent.
47
2. Notice of Absence
Form C3
NOTICE OF ABSENCE
(Teacher's Notice to Parent or Guardian)
19
Mr. :
You are hereby notified that your child, ....,
age years, was absent from school on ___19
The Compulsory Attendance Law makes it necessary for you
to give an excuse for this absence. You may use the other side
of this form for writing this excuse. Unless there is a good rea-son
for continued absence, the child should be returned to school
immediately.
Failure to give the required excuse will be considered as evi-dence
in the violation of the Compulsory Attendance Law, and
make it necessary that the absence of your child be reported to
the Attendance Officer for his attention and investigation.
Very truly yours,
Teacher
Note: The Rules and Regulations governing the Compulsory Attendance
Law require that the teacher shall send a written or printed notice to every
parent or other person whose child has been absent, unless satisfactory
excuse for such absence has already been rendered. If no satisfactory excuse
is obtained, then the child shall be reported to the principal, who will in
turn report him to the attendance officer as having violated the Compul-sory
Attendance Law.
3. Report of Unlawful Absence—Form C5
The teacher shall use this form in reporting to the principal
the name of any child who has been or is unlawfully absent.
Upon receipt of a report from the teacher giving the name of a
pupil who has been absent unlawfully the principal shall, upon
being satisfied that such pupil has been or is now unlawfully
absent, report same with such additional information requested
on this form to the attendance officer of his administrative unit.
Use a separate form for each child so reported.
48
Form C5
REPORT OF UNLAWFUL ABSENCE
(Individual Pupil, Age 7-15 years, Inclusive)
Date 19
To Attendance Officer: I
~~~
7rT m 7k 7 hereby report the pupil named Name of Pupil Absent J r c r
hereon as having violated the
Age ... Grade Race Compulsory Attendance Law.
School Signed:
Days Absent (Unexcused) Approved:
Days Absent Address
Absence Due to: Parental Indifference Truancy Poverty
Date Notice Sent
Name of Parent or Guardian
Teacher.
Principal.
Address
(Detail of Instructions, as to roads, community, etc., as to locating home)
(Over)
(Reverse)
Date 19 __
To the Principal:
On 19 I investigated the unlawful ab-sence
of the pupil named on the other side of this report and
am giving the following results and comments
:
Signed
Attendance Officer
Note: The reverse side of this report should be prepared in duplicate and
both copies given or sent to the attendance officer. After investigation or
prosecution the attendance officer will complete this side and return the
duplicate to the principal, keeping the original for his files.
49
4. School Record—Form D.L.4.
Two weeks previous to the close of the school term the teacher
or principal shall read and explain the child labor law and rulings
of the Department of Labor to the pupils. Opportunity shall then
be given to those expecting to enter employment to make their
desire known to the teacher or principal. Those wishing to enter
employment will be furnished with a school record of evidence.
The evidence secured upon this school record of evidence will be
considered by the Superintendent of Public Welfare or authorized
agent of the Department of Labor in issuing a child labor cer-tificate
in accordance with the provisions of the Child Welfare
Law. (Chapter 110, N. C. Code.)
Form D. L. 4
N. C. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Superintendent of Welfare
School Record
This will certify that I I I
Name of Minor Age Sex Color
Address „
Street City or Town County
has completed the grade in school,
according to the school records of the
Name of School
in —
City or Town (County)
School official
Signature
Date 19
Official Title
36M—4-43
C-51-52
50
5. Suggested Form for Suspension or Dismissal
REPORT OF SUSPENSION OR DISMISSAL
(Individual Pupil, Age 7-15 Years, Inclusive)
Date 19^
To Attendance Officer : I hereby report the pupil named be-low
as having been suspended, dismissed (Strike out one.)
(Name of Pupil)
Age Grade Race School
Effective date of suspension or dismissal: 19.
End of suspension or dismissal period: 19.
Reason for suspension or dismissal:
Signed
(Principal)
Approved:
( *Superintendent
)
Name of parent or guardian
Address :
cc: Superintendent of Public Welfare
Judge of Juvenile Court
*Any suspension or dismissal in excess of ten days or during the last ten days of school must
be approved by the superintendent.
51
UNIVERSITY OF N.C. AT CHAPEL HILL
00034026189
FOR USE ONLY IN
THE NORTH CAROLINA COLLECTION
Form No. A-368, Rev. 8/95
*£Z
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\f