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Research Newsletter
Volume 8 2002/2003
Roanoke Colonies
Inside:
David Beers Quinn (1909-2002)
Dean of Roanoke Colonization Studies
by E. Thomson Shields, Jr., Roanoke Colonies Research Office
On March 19, 2002, David Beers Quinn passed
away at the age of 92. Quinn arguably created the
modern study of the Roanoke colonization efforts
by the English. At least as early as the publication
of Raleigh and the British Empire in 1947, he began
a long career of publishing on Roanoke coloniza-
tion-related subjects that most recently saw the
1998 publication of European Approaches to North
America, 1450-1640, a collection of his essays on
North American exploration. Quinn s legacy will
even continue with one last article to be published,
part of In Search of the Roanoke Colonies, the
forthcoming volume I have edited with Charles
Ewen. Having begun his career studying Irish
history and English colonization of Ireland, Quinn
connected that colonization effort to the wider
English attempts to set up other colonies in the
Atlantic world, then went on to become one of the
most prolific scholars on European colonization
of the New World.
Quinn s work on Roanoke colonization was
among his most important. His 1955 collection
of primary documents for the Hakluyt Society, The
Roanoke Voyages, 1584-90, continues to be the
standard edition for most of the documents. His
editing work on Roanoke colonization and other
European colonization efforts led to the
monumental five volume New American World: A
Documentary History of North America to 1612,
published in 1979. Additionally, Quinn made
available facsimile editions of many of the works
of Richard Hakluyt, including a 1968 edition of
Hakluyt s 1582 Divers Voyages, a 1965 edition of
Hakluyt s 1589 edition of The Principall
Navigations, Voiages, and Discoueries of the English
Nation, and a 1993 edition of Hakluyt s 1584
Discourse of Western Planting. Quinn was not
known just an editor. His own 1985 Set Fair for
Roanoke remains the standard history of the
Roanoke colonization efforts of the 1580s.
Several obituaries and remembrances of
Quinn have appeared since his death. Some of
those available through the world wide web are
H. G. Jones s remembrance of Quinn written
originally on the occasion of Quinn s being made
a fellow of the Society of the History of
Discoveries, as well as the obituaries from the
British newspapers the Guardian and The
Independent. Other obituaries that help provide a
richer picture of Quinn than many people may
know about are from the Times of London and the
Irish Times, both available through the
newspapers online archive sites. (See page 4 for
more information.) Additionally, William and
Mary Quarterly is planning a tribute to Quinn in
an upcoming issue.
With this issue, the
Roanoke Colonies
Research Newsletter
starts a new pub-
lishing schedule,
shifting from twice
yearly publication
to once a year.
b Review of Big Chief Elizabeth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
b The Elizabethan Gardens Turn Fifty . . . . . . . . . . . .5
b Recent Lost Colony Theories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
b Website on the Eleanore Dare Stones . . . . . . . . . . 8
b Roanoke Colonization-Related Publications . . . . 9
b Roanoke Colonization-Related News Items . . . . 11
2 Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter 8 (2002/2003)
Virginia Dare Wins Out in
Bridge Naming Debate
by Marshall P. Page
The Virginia Dare Memorial Bridge connecting Manns
Harbor and Roanoke Island opened on August 16, 2002,
when actor Andy Griffith s vintage 1935 Packard led a
local motorcade across the Croatan Sound. North
Carolina Governor Mike Easley rode alongsode Griffith
after dedicating the project in the name of the first
English born child in America. An actress portraying
Queen Elizabeth I and other cast members from The Lost
Colony were in attendance, including seven-month-old
Alyse Stewart as Virginia Dare.
The naming process engendered some local
controversy. The Roanoke Island Historical Association,
managers of The Lost Colony, petitioned Dare County
officials to honor Virginia Dare after local state Senator
Marc Basnight had previously refused the distinction.
Andy Griffith s name was also suggested for his long
time connection to the area and the state. Other names
proposed included Reginald A. Fessenden, an inventor
who was the first person to transmit music by radio
waves, sending them from Buxton to Roanoke Island in
an experiment in 1902. He was the first to transmit both
voice and music in a 1908 Christmas Eve broadcast.
Opinion supported the RIHA s recommendation of
Virginia Dare, and Dare County commissioners passed
a resolution to honor the significant place her birth
has given our area in the pages of history, which will
remain and be remembered for generations to come.
The same day that the county sent a resolution to
the Department of Transportation in favor of Virginia
Dare, the town of Manteo passed a measure nominating
Captain Richard Etheridge. After fighting in the Union s
colored infantry in the Civil War, Etheridge ran the first
African American-staffed life saving station in the
country, at Pea Island. Some Manteo officials expressed
the opinion that the Lost Colony was overused subject
matter and that heritage in other areas was being
ignored. The state DOT does not intervene in local
disputes about naming. Petitions were circulated for
The Lost Colony Today
by Marshall P. Page
The nation s premier outdoor drama has long
encountered the pressure of both keeping with tradition
while modernizing and innovating. The tenure of
directors has ranged from one to twenty years in the 65
seasons of production. Terrance Mann accepted the
reins in 2001, and expectations have grown ever since.
Mann is a Tony-nominated actor who began his career
with The Lost Colony under Joe Layton in the 1970 s. Local
historians and purists welcomed Mann s return to
Layton s traditional approach to Paul Green s script.
Mann s predecessor, Drew Scott Harris, received
some criticism for his emphasis on cultural conflict and
the human drama found in the relationship of Eleanor
Dare and John Borden. An ad campaign entitled Heroic
Hearts and History was launched showing the couple
in a passionate embrace. A kiss was added between
Eleanor and John, the historical narrator was cut, and
Roanoke Island residents scorned other innovations,
such as a comedic bear. Despite successful advertising
that drew attention from the Associated Press, National
Public Radio, and The New York Times, more than a week
of rain cancellations led to significant loss of revenue
in 2000. Harris resigned after the season closed, as did
CEO Patricia Baum Salgado. Despite her resignation,
Salgado was given credit for lowering the productions
debt from $600,000 to $200,000.
Several elements of production were altered before
the 2001 season. The role of CEO was divided into two
positions. Scott Dowd was hired as executive manager
for financial affairs and Rhoda Dresken for the position
of executive production coordinator. Dresken, familiar
to the area as Joe Layton s manager in the 70 s and 80 s,
works closely with the director on the creative side of
the play. Terrence Mann s desire was to infuse
traditional style with new production quality. William
Ivey Long and John Walker returned, bringing years of
experience in The Lost Colony and on Broadway. Long is
a Tony award-winning costume designer, recognized in
2002 by the Southeastern Theater Conference with a
Distinguished Career Award. Walker is a choreogra-
pher and formerly a New York City Opera Ballet dancer.
Mentors such as these draw local and national talent, a
balance that Mann desires. Numerous articles in the
local newspapers every spring continue to encourage
auditioning by residents of the Outer Banks. Robert
Midgette, a teacher in Manteo, has played the role of
Manteo in the play for 23 years. The 64th season was
dedicated to him in recognition of his work and
devotion. Midgette represents a proud tradition of
regional participation. Several grants in recent years
have served to augment salaries and expand casting
possibilities. Another draw for potential cast members
is the Professional Theater Workshop started by former
director Joe Layton. Guest instructors provide classes
for the cast and crew in all areas of the theater arts.
Recent changes extend across a variety of areas.
Mann has reinstalled a historical narrator into the
performance. Harris comedic bear has been cut along
with Eleanor Dare and John Borden s kiss, leaving their
love felt and not seen. Private donations were earmarked
for a new lighting system and lighting designer in order
to improve visuals. Some action scenes have been
enhanced, and new music has been added to the
prologue. New ad slogans have included When Will
and Wilderness Collide and Last Seen 1587.
Producers have shorten the run by a week at the end of
the season to accommodate the many college students
in the cast and crew, and the free Dare County preview
has been extended from one night to a full week.
See Bridge, page 6
Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter 8 (2002/2003) 3
Book Review
A Swashbuckling History
by Richard C. Taylor, East Carolina University
See History, page 6
Giles Milton. Big Chief Elizabeth: How England s Adven-
turers Gambled and Won The New World. London: Hodder
& Stoughton, 2000. Big Chief Elizabeth: The Adventures
and Fate of the First English Colonists in America. New York:
Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2000.
Just as Powhatan s men lifted their clubs to separate
John Smith s brains from his skull, the chief s beloved
daughter Pocahontas threw herself between the clubs
and their intended victim and so saved Smith s life. Only
in a popular history, where the rules of evidence and
history writing are relaxed, can this legend be repeated
uncritically. And so Giles Milton in this adventure story
aims rather for the legendary yarn, the spell-binding
epic, than the precision of academic history. Milton s
book begins, aptly enough, with a map: a circular sheet
of parchment, once belonging to the explorer Sir
Humfrey Gilbert, that represents a mid-sixteenth-
century conception of what would later be understood
as North America. It is this America of the imagination
and the dreamers and scoundrels who pursued its
treasure that the author pursues in this narrative.
The narrative takes its readers through the myriad
of misadventures and false steps that followed in the
wake of John Cabot s voyage to North America in
1497 Cabot s discovery of the continent, as Milton
puts it. The author is silent on evidence of earlier
exploration, and the objection that the savages who
lived there yes, he actually uses that term unitalicized
throughout Chapter One might also have a claim to
discovering the place is unaddressed. The unfortunate
Gilbert is the first real protagonist, or anti-hero perhaps,
of the story. From the explorer s vantage point, Milton
initiates one of the central motifs in the narrative: a kind
of adolescent fascination with prurient matters. There
is rapturous description of the garments covering the
private parts of the comely wives of the cannibal-
istic savages whom Gilbert encountered. The reader
is treated to a visual representation and vivid
description of the native people hacking corpses into
juicy gobbets and munch[ing] ravenously on arms and
legs. In the explorer s (and author s?) imagination, the
reward for surviving the monstrous beasts that stalked
America s forest was the nearly inexpressible pleasure
of half-naked indigenous women. Of course, the book
does develop an appearances versus reality theme,
of which the aforementioned Gilbert became a victim
lost at sea rather than, as poetic justice might warrant,
his becoming one of the juicy gobbets.
Several men subsequently compete for leadership
of the American project, most prominent among them
Sir Walter Ralegh. A long interpolated account of the
swashbuckling Ralegh and his flirtation with Queen
Elizabeth reviews well-mapped terrain. Ralegh s young
acquaintance, Thomas Harriot stands in sharp contrast:
a sober and physically unappealing character who
nonetheless assumes a central role in Ralegh s
colonizing ambitions. The landing in Roanoke and the
encounter with Manteo, a native of Croatoan, Milton
claims, inaugurate the myth of the noble savage.
Manteo travels to England, teaches his native tongue to
Harriot, and helps inspire further interest in colonial
exploration.
In spite of soothsayers warning of ill tidings in the
year 1585, and one of them predicting a particularly
awful year for effeminate persons and those with
venereal disease, Ralegh hired Sir Richard Grenville
(another swashbuckler a lot of buckles are swashed
in this narrative) to lead another expedition westward.
After a series of dangerous encounters with the
Spanish, the Tiger and the Elizabeth head towards the
Outer Banks. Landing on Wococon, Harriot, Grenville,
Manteo, Ralph Lane, and the artist John White encounter
the native people. White is apparently taken by the
partially exposed breasts of the women, as his water-
colors reveal. With Manteo leading the way, the group
encounters a tribe of superstitious Indians who make
a terrifying hullabaloo. Fortunately, one of the
women was virtually naked again, the author s
principle of selecting narrative detail remains
consistent. In the midst of such a scene, and in spite of
incredible hardship, Ralph Lane, appointed governor
of the settlement, attempts to erect a sandcastle.
The narrative then turns to Sir Francis Drake s
efforts to rescue the half-starved colony on Roanoke.
This section focuses on the intense rivalry between
England and Spain, personified by Drake as the piratical
nemesis of the Spanish. Harriot, meanwhile, had
returned to England, where he published A Briefe and
True Report of the New Found Land of Virginia (1588), which
reveals his apparent detestation of the aforementioned
half-naked indigenous women and the certainty that he
was apparently never going to share his eiderdown
with a shaven headed maiden. Harriot s book also
provides Milton an opportunity to range over a broad
spectrum of subjects pertinent to understanding
Elizabethan culture. There is a bit of the history of
tobacco here, then an account of widespread whoring
and drunkenness that apparently occupied the
English populace. Milton gives a housewife s day in
4 Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter 8 (2002/2003)
Corolla s horses continue to roam the Currituck shores,
providing one of the area s most popular attractions.
The Corolla Wild Horse Fund was established in 1989
in order to deal with the inevitable conflicts that arise
when a tourist population seeks out wildlife. Vehicles
struck several horses in the early 90 s, and ordinances
were passed to create public warnings such as Wild
Horse Sanctuary and Do Not Feed the Horses. A
fence from ocean to sound was erected in 1994, although
hardly impregnable, in an effort to separate the horses
from the town of Corolla. Outer Banks Conservationists,
Inc., managed the fund until 2001, when $75,000 from
New York allowed the Corolla Wild Horse Fund the
freedom to incorporate, establish an office, and hire two
part-time directors, Gene and Donna Snow. The
improvements were substantial considering the
struggle encountered when volunteers attempted to
round up rogue horses.
The Fifth Avenue source of the endowment was the
William H. Donner Foundation. Donner, who died in
1953, was an industrialist who made his fortune in steel
and tin. A descendant of Donner and a member of the
foundation s board began offering grants after hearing
about Little Red Man, a rebellious stallion who contin-
ued to escape from the refuge and return to the lawns
and trashcans of Corolla. The indefatigable Little Red
Man was eventually moved to Dews Island in Currituck
Sound with several other horses from the herd. The rest
of the herd roams some 15,000 acres of the northern
beaches of Currituck County and often cross the
Virginia state line into False Cape State Park and Back
Bay National Wildlife Refuge. The Snows are called
whenever strays show up in populated areas of Virginia
Beach. A limit of 60 horses in the herd was established
in 2000 as a result of a management plan to balance
ecological concerns. In late fall of 2001, four horses and
a mule were found shot to death, and the Wild Horse
Fund found itself in the unenviable position of offering
reward money for information. Then, in 2002, excess
horses were first put up for adoption. The price per
horse was $600 and a comfortable, caring environment.
Opinions are divided as to the origins of the horses.
Purists will argue that the term wild is inappropriate
because the once domesticated status of the herd
defines them as feral. Conservationists may wonder
how many generations must be born wild in order to
obtain the distintion of being called wild. Many
people look for the horses origin in the history of the
sixteenth-century Spanish explorers of coastal North
Carolina. Livestock would have likely accompanied the
men: cattle, sheep, pigs, and horses bred in Puerto Rico.
Some of the horses may have been abandoned while
others could have made the final leg of their journey
swimming ashore after a shipwreck. Additional possible
Where the Feral Horses Roam
complexity concerning the horses identity was fueled
by a symposium in 1993 when enthusiasts proposed
that Banker horses had developed into a new species
after several centuries of isolation. DNA tests a few years
later by Gus Cothran of the University of Kentucky
proved that such a genetic change was impossible in
that time span and found that the Banker horses were
more akin to New World breeds than the original
Spanish stock. The theory suggests that the horses were
abandoned much later than the time of the Spanish or
Roanoke colonists. However, the Corolla Wild Horse
Fund s patronage does not depend on any official
wildlife status, and the Snows will continue to champion
the herd regardless of its lineage.
David Beers Quinn:
Remembrances and Obituaries
Available Online
Professor David Quinn. The Times [London] 22 April
2002: 38. (Available for a fee online through The
Times and The Sunday Times Archive at <http://
www.newsint-archive.co.uk>.)
David Quinn, 1909-2002. ACIS [American Conference
for Irish Studies] Newsletter Fall 2002 <http://
www.acisweb.com/newf02.html>.
Dutton, David. David Quinn: Historian Who Defined
Our Role in the Discovery of America. Guardian
Unlimited [London] 6 April 2002. <http://
education.guardian.co.uk/obituary/story/
0,12212,753442,00.html>.
Irish Historian Who Investigated Exploits of British
Explorers. The Irish Times [Dublin] 13 April 2002:
16. (Available for a fee online through Ireland.com
and The Irish Times at <http://www.ireland.com/>.)
Jones, H. G. David Beers Quinn, FSHD, (1909-2002).
Terra Cognita May 2002: 1+. <http://
www.sochistdisc.org/news_letter/terra-
cognita_1.htm>. (For the original, complete
tribute, see < http://www.sochistdisc.org/fellows/
quinn.htm>.)
Ryan, A. N. Professor David Beers Quinn: Historian
of the Colonisation of America. Independent.co.uk
[London] 21 June 2002. <http://
news.independent.co.uk/people/obituaries/
story.jsp?story=307430>.
by Brad Williams and Marshall P. Page, East Carolina University
Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter 8 (2002/2003) 5
Manteo s Elizabethan Gardens celebrated its 50th
anniversary on April 21, 2001. The event attracted
capacity crowds, and for two days the grounds were
alive with the sound of music, dance, and drama.
Visitors were treated to slide shows, speeches, and a
company of costumed actors mingling with guests.
Lost Colony alumni from several states joined with
Renaissance specialists and local performers to
highlight the weekend with a seven-hour tribute. The
celebration s performance company combined the
talents of many groups under the direction of
George Trautwein and lebame houston.
Participants included students and
faculty from East Carolina
University performing high-
lights from The Taming of the
Shrew, the Craven Historical
Dancers, the Celebration
Chorus, the Outer Banks
Chamber Musicians, and
the Dare Singers. Enter-
tainment was partially
funded by the Mary Duke
Biddle Foundation, the
Outer Banks Visitors
Bureau, and Coastal
Concrete. The Elizabeth-
an Gardens Board of
Governors and the Garden
Club of North Carolina co-
sponsored the event.
Gardens chairman Lila
Schiffman and executive
director Carleton Wood were
especially pleased with atten-
dance at the free public events
on Saturday. By noon on the first
day, 2,800 people had passed through
the gatehouse to explore the 10.5 acres.
Saturday concluded with a special
Garden Club members dinner under a tent on the
Great Lawn. Period-dressed performers entertained
diners as they ate in the tradition of Elizabethan courtly
life. A tribute ceremony and brunch was held on Sunday
to honor past contributors to the success of the gardens.
Miss Barbara Hird acted as mistress of ceremonies.
The Gardens were conceived as a memorial to the
English colonists of the sixteenth century. Tourists,
nature lovers, and horticulturalists come to visit and
witness the wide variety of native and imported plants,
trees, and wildflowers. The design is not Elizabethan in
particular but rather an artistic memorial with varying
influences.
A great deal of preparation goes into the year-round
appeal of the grounds. Dogwoods and azaleas bloom
through the spring, joined later by heirloom roses, crape
myrtles, and magnolias. Hydrangeas and summer
annuals carry the garden during the peak of tourist
season. The sprawling trees are another favorite one
large old oak is believed to have been standing when
the Roanoke colonies were nearby.
The concept of the Gardens was born on a summer
night in 1950, after Sir Evelyn Wrench attended a
performance of The Lost Colony. An inspired
Wrench suggested to his companions that
an Elizabethan garden be built to
memorialize the historical events
upon which the drama was based.
The idea was presented to The
Garden Club of North Carolina,
and in the spring of 1951, the
project began. Expectations
were quickly raised when
Judge John Whitney was
persuaded to donate a
collection of ancient Italian
statuary from his Georgia
estate. Included were a foun-
tain, well s head, birdbaths,
sundials, and benches. The
Roanoke Island Historical
Association (RIHA) granted
a 99-year lease for 10.5 acres
adjoining the Waterside
Theatre. From 1951 to 1960,
when the garden formally
opened, Garden Club mem-
bers patiently gathered plants,
ornaments, and financial support.
Paul Green, creator of The Lost
Colony, contributed an impressive
statue of Virginia Dare.
The 50th anniversary celebration was
missing one invaluable part of its legacy. Louis
Midgette, Sr., superintendent of the Elizabethan
Gardens from 1958 to 1987, died on August 29, 2000.
Midgette served the Gardens in every manner possible,
from gardener to guide to director. Louis also served as
Chairman of the Dare County Board of Education for
22 years. He won the Skipper Bell Award in 1998 from
the RIHA for his outstanding support of The Lost Colony.
In a 1997 article in The Coastland Times, Midgette
commented on his devotion to the gardens: Every plant
is a memory of another wonderful person. You have to
love this place to care for it properly, and I do and I did.
Funeral services were held at the Gardens.
Elizabethan Gardens at Fifty
by Brad Williams and Marshall P. Page, East Carolina University
6 Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter 8 (2002/2003)
History continued from page 3
the life which gives prominence to jumping into bed
to make merry. He writes, Others joshed that women
existed solely for men s comfort, claiming that wives
are young men s mistresses, companions for middle age,
and old men s nurses. His appropriating and
misrepresenting this famous passage from a Bacon
essay (unattributed, of course) is a reminder why there
are rules of fair play in writing history writing and why
popular history is less useful for academic historians.
Milton s account of sixteenth-century English New
World exploration takes artistic license fictional
license essentially with conflicting sources. Scholarly
argument about what really happened is rendered
invisible, and in its place, the author spins a plausible-
seeming but essentially fictional narrative.
But if this book should be lumped with historical
fiction, the author never clearly signals where his
narrative is based on extant historical sources and when
it is purely speculative. Readers are left wondering how
much of this tale is based on what really happened,
and how much of it is a hodgepodge assembled from
Smith s diaries, Richard Hakluyt s Principal Voyages,
Thomas Harriot s Report, and centuries of myth-making
about Queen Elizabeth, Sir Walter Ralegh, and the usual
cast of heroes and villains. Not surprisingly, given the
title, King James I serves as the ultimate villain, spoiling
all the fun in 1603 and thereafter.
As a work of the historical imagination, Milton s
book leaves a great deal to be desired. The subtitle for
the book s English publication is itself problematic: did
England win the whole New World? The subtitle
altered for consumption in the United States would
seem to respond to obvious objections to the original:
The Adventures and Fate of the First English Colonists in
America. To what extent was Elizabeth a central player
in the drama Milton sets out to create? Milton tells of
Governor Ralph Lane s success in convincing the chief
Wingina to accept the Queen as Weroanza Elizabeth
of Virginia, and, of course, Elizabeth s handling of the
Spanish, her personal jealousy, and her tumultuous
relationship with Ralegh are included in the mix. But
the reader does not sense Elizabeth s centrality in this
narrative. The book is more nearly an account of
sixteenth-century English failure: the sundry factors that
led to the belatedness of the English in western
colonization. In fact, one of the difficulties this book
poses is that there is not really a narrative focal point, a
dramatic center. Rather, it is a series of loosely
connected episodes, replete with mysterious quotations
for which sources and sometimes even speakers
remain unidentified. Precise dates are seldom given, and
the reader must somehow attempt to tie together the
various voyages in the absence of clear narrative
transition.
Another expectation of academic history is that it
reveal new information, or at least a new intepretation,
of known events. If the author has made any discoveries
here or is reinterpreting history in any significant way,
he certainly does not signal this intention. In some
sense, the book seems to celebrate ancient English
colonial prejudices: Native Americans are savages
and cannibals capable of performing a terrifying
hullabaloo, the women doing so virtually naked or
with partially exposed breasts. Rotting corpses,
beheadings, and the aforementioned breasts all hold a
prominent and recurring place in Milton s narrative.
The unfortunate Thomas Ogle, a fellow traveler of
Drake s, was caught with his hose around his ankles
and two young lads in his bunk. . . After being convicted
of sodomy by his peers, Ogle cheerfully confessed the
fact and was hanged for buggery (159).
Surely there is room for page-turning histories that
draw on the imagination of the author-historian and
are freed from the constraint of footnotes. With that
loosening of scholarly restraints comes certain reason-
able expectations, however. Such a work ought to offer
a new interpretation, or at least a new slant on events
even as well known as those narrated by Giles Milton.
It might well have the novelistic pleasures of suspense
and character development. The story, here, is too
disjointed for narrative continuity, and its principal
characters step in and out of the spotlight. The author
might, instead, have taken a cue from his own title and
constructed a narrative framed by Queen Elizabeth s
point of view: the exploration as it might have seemed
from the royal perspective. As it is, the book has limited
value for historians or for general readers.
Bridge continued from page 2
both Dare and Etheridge in order to reach consensus,
and a majority still chose Virginia Dare. All towns in
Dare County adopted the original resolution with the
exception of Manteo.
The 5.2-mile bridge, the longest in the state, serves
as an alternate route for U.S. 64 to the Outer Banks,
bypassing the town of Manteo. A new Outer Banks
Visitor Center opened with the bridge on Roanoke
Island as part of the $102 million project. Hopes are
high that traffic will stimulate the beach economy.
Residents are also provided with another hurricane
evacuation route. The DOT has long-term plans to make
U.S. 64 into four lanes from Manteo to Raleigh, cutting
20 to 30 minutes off of travel time.
Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter 8 (2002/2003) 7
Two recent works have added to the discussion of the
inevitable Roanoke-colonization question, What
happened to the Lost Colony ? Lee Miller in her work
Roanoke: Solving the Mystery of the Lost Colony (London:
Jonathan Cape, 2000; New York: Arcade, 2001) and
Thomas C. Parramore in his article The Lost Colony
Found: A Documentary Perspective (North Carolina
Historical Review 78.1 [Jan. 2001]: 67-83) both reexamine
extant documentary evidence to try and pinpoint the
location to which the 1587 colonists went after leaving
Roanoke Island. While both counter the idea most
associated with the late David Beers Quinn that the
colonists traveled to their originally intended
destination near the Chesapeake Bay only to be
slaughtered by Powhatan in 1607 and while both
suggest that the colonists moved inland to the Chowan
River, their stories of the colonists are quite different
from one another.
Miller s book does, in fact, cover much more than
just where the 1587 colony went. In her work, Miller
takes a look at the entire 1587 venture. She begins by
attempting to show that this final group of colonists
may have been religious Separatists from the Church
of England (much like the Pilgrims who founded
Plymouth Plantation in 1620). Her next step is to try to
prove a conspiracy by Sir Francis Walsingham against
Sir Walter Raleigh that led to the downfall of the 1587
venture. Miller portrays Simon Fernandes as
Walsingham s accomplice in the conspiracy.
In her final chapter, Miller takes on the subject of
what happened to the Lost Colony. In two chapters of
thirty pages with ten pages of footnotes, many of them
explanatory rather than simply bibliographic, Miller
tries to show that the 1587 colonists moved from
Roanoke Island to live among the Chowanoc Indians in
the region of the Chowan River. In Miller s version of
events, the colonists are then taken captive by the
Mandoag Indians who live west of the Chowanocs,
whom she then goes on to equate with the Eno. All
together, Miller tells a lively, albeit highly speculative,
tale.
Miller has received mixed reviews for her work.
While some in the popular press have found her story
convincing, most academic reviewers have been less
enthralled. Interestingly, Parramore s review for The
North Carolina Historical Review (78.4 [Oct. 2001]: 483-
84) encapsulates the skepticism of academic reviewers.
Parramore highlights Miller s dependence on building
one assumption upon another, making her final
arguments precarious, for if one of her assumptions
fails, then the entire argument fails.
Parramore s own version of events in The Lost
Colony Found also, of necessity, involves educated
suppositions made from the extant documentary
record. In Parramore s relation of events, the colonists
removed from Roanoke Island almost immediately after
John White s departure in August of 1587. According to
Parramore, they traveled inland and settled among the
Weapemeoc Indians, who controlled the lower end of
the Chowan River. In particular, Parramore believes that
the Salmon Creek area on the western side of the
Chowan River is a likely candidate for where the colony
eventually settled.
Like Miller, Parramore must build some significant
parts of his case on speculative hypotheses. These are
truly educated guesses, but they only posit possible
solutions to the enigma of the Lost Colony. Still,
together, Miller and Parramore s works remind us that
we cannot assume that the seemingly prevailing belief
that the 1587 colonists went on to the Chesapeake Bay
area is historically certain. Any future writings about
the 1587 colony should take into account Parramore s
and, probably, even Miller s ideas to give a complete
picture of what happened.
New Ideas on the Lost Colony
By E. Thomson Shields, Jr., East Carolina University
In addition to Giles Milton s Big Chief Elizabeth, Lee
Miller s Roanoke: Solving the Mystery of the Lost Colony,
and Thomas C. Parramore s The Lost Colony
Found: A Documentary Perspective, all mentioned
elsewhere in this issue, several other new sources of
note with direct ties to Roanoke colonization have
recently appeared.
Phil Jones has published Ralegh s Pirate Colony
in America: The Lost Settlement of Roanoke 1584-1590
(Stroud, Gloucestershire, UK, and Charleston:
Tempus, 2001). Jones builds his story of England s
1580s attempts to colonize the New World using
economic motivations for the ventures as the
centerpiece of his work. For example, Jones describes
the colonists as people looking for economic
improvement of their lives, highlighting their desire
for the promised five hundred acres of land despite
having to head into a risky and (to them) unknown
world. Jones has written a short but very full history
that provides a good overview of the Roanoke
colonization attempts.
A very different approach to the 1580s Roanoke
colonization efforts is found in Marjorie Hudson s
Searching for Virginia Dare: A Fool s Errand
(Wilmington, NC: Coastal Carolina P, 2002).
Hudson s book is her narrative of trying to find out
what she could about Virginia Dare and the Lost
More New Works on Roanoke
Colonization Realted Subjects
See New Works, page 8
8 Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter 8 (2002/2003)
Colony. Her book tells about the 1580s ventures and
about what she discovered concerning the ways that
the Lost Colony has been treated in American,
especially North Carolina, culture over the past 400 and
more years. Just as importantly, as a wonderful piece of
creative nonfiction, Hudson tells what she found out
about herself as she researched her book.
The National Park Service has published (both in
paper and online) its Fort Raleigh National Historic Site
Historic Resource Study¸ written by Christine Trebellas
and William Chapman (Atlanta: Southeast Regional
Office, National Park Service, 1999). The report
discusses the various historical resources that exist at
the Fort Raleigh National Historic Site in Manteo, North
Carolina, both those with Roanoke colonization
connections and those without. The report gives
background on the archaeology that has been done on
the site as well as the history of the Waterside Theatre,
where Paul Green s The Lost Colony is produced each
summer, and other ways the Roanoke colonists have
been memorialized on the site. The study is available
online at <http://www.nps.gov/fora/hrs/hrs.htm>.
Another good online resource is The Carolina
Algonkians, a web site put together by John McGowan
and available at <http://homepages.rootsweb.com/
~jmack/algonqin/algonqin.htm>. McGowan has made
available as many sources as possible about the
Carolina Algonquians, from Frank Specks 1916 article,
Remnants of the Machapunga Indians of North
Carolina, to Michael L. Oberg s 2000 article Between
Savage Man and Most Faithful Englishman : Manteo
and the Early Anglo-Indian Exchange, 1584-1590." Also
included are links to primary sources, materials on
archaeological sites, historical maps of eastern North
Carolina, and a selection of Roanoke colonization related
sites. McGowan has assembled one of the most complete
resources available anywhere in print or online of
materials about the Carolina Algonquians.
Alden T. Vaughn s William and Mary Quarterly
article Sir Walter Ralegh s Indian Interpreters, 1584-
1618 (59.2 [April 2002]: 341-76) discusses Raleigh s
recognition of the importance of communication
between native peoples and the European colonists in
both his Roanoke ventures of the 1580s and his later
ventures in South America. Vaughn gives particular
emphasis to the Native Americans brought to England.
Finally, the Family Research Society of Northeastern
North Carolina has published the late Mary Wood
Long s 1968 manuscript The Five Lost Colonies of Dare.
Long discusses the 1587 colony as well as the Roanoke
Indians. Her third lost colony is the settlement of
Beechland between the Alligator River and the Croatan
Sound; one tradition about Beechland is that it was
originally settled by the 1587 colonists. The two other
lost colonies are the Civil War era Freedman s Colony
on Roanoke Island and the early twentieth-century
mainland logging community of Buffalo City.
New Works continued from page 7
A web site about one of the more highly questioned but
vastly interesting aspects of Roanoke colonization-
related studies has appeared. The Virginia Dare Stone
<http://www. a n g e l f i r e . c o m / e g o / i a m m a g i /
DARE_INDEX.htm> has been put on the World Wide
Web by Stephen Horrillo. The main feature of the web
site is pictures of the first of the so-called Dare Stones,
found between 1937 and 1940, which has on it an
inscription supposedly from Eleanor Dare to her father,
John White, telling of her whereabouts and also
reporting the death of her husband, Ananias Dare, and
her daughter, Virginia Dare. What Horrillo adds,
however, are pictures of a stone that appears to be an
exact twin of this first stone, and which Horrillo says
he has in his possession.
The first stone was found in 1937 near the Chowan
River near Edenton, North Carolina, by a man named
L. E. Hammond. Hammond took the stone to Emory
University, where it was examined by a group of
scholars, especially Haywood J. Pearce, Jr., who taught
history at Emory and was also vice president of Brenau
College (now Brenau University) in Gainesville,
Georgia, where his father was president. The rock was
soon taken to Brenau, and the Pearces offered a reward
for any further rocks that might be found. Several rocks
turned up in western South Carolina and northern
Georgia, some 400 miles away from where the first stone
had been located along the Chowan River.
For many people, the stones were discredited,
through Boyden Sparkes article in the Saturday Evening
Post, Writ on Rock: Has America s First Murder Mystery
Been Solved? (26 April 1941: pp#s?). However, some
people think that the first stone might be legitimate
because it is different in form and location from the
others, which were the main focus of Sparkes article.
Horrillo s pictures of the own stone in his possesion
show a stone that does match the one shown in the
Saturday Evening Post, the same stone that is owned by
Brenau University. Horrillo does not give much
information about his stone on his web site. However,
he does provide a bit about provenance of his stone in
postings he made to various Usenet newsgroups in
December of 1999 and again in October of 2002 along
with email correspondence with the Roanoke Colonies
Research Office. Horrillo says that he inherited the stone
from his grandfather, who found it under his trailer
office somewhere in New York about fifty years ago.
Horrillo s grandfather offered to sell the stone to the
Smithsonian Institution, but the directorsof the
Smithsonian requested that he donate it because they
do not buy artifacts. Horrillo s grandfather held onto
the stone until his death in 1992.
One clue about a possible source for Horrillo s stone
comes from a 1987 article in the Atlanta Journal and
A New Website on the
Eleanor Dare Stones
See Dare Stone, page 22
Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter 8 (2002/2003) 9
Checklist of 2000-2002 Roanoke
Colonization Related Materials
The 2000-2002 checklist was assembled using various
bibliographies along with citations sent to the Roanoke
Colonies Research Office. It also includes earlier items
not noted on previous checklists. A wide range of
subjects is covered: the 1580s Roanoke colonization
efforts, writers whose works are connected with those
attempts, the geography and biology of the Outer Banks,
and so on. Please send citations that we have missed
for inclusion as part of the next checklist in the next
issue of the Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter.
Alexander, John, and James D. Lazell. Ribbon of Sand:
The Amazing Convergence of the Ocean and the Outer
Banks. Chapel Hill: U of North Carolina P, 2000.
America s Lost Colony. Storyworks Oct. 2002: 30.
Anderson, Ryan K. Lumbee Kinship, Community,
and the Success of the Red Banks Mutual
Association. American Indian Quarterly 23.2
(1999): 39-58.
Barnett, Betsy. Rev. of Sir Francis Drake and the
Foundation of a World Empire, by Jim Gallagher.
School Library Journal 47.4 (Apr. 2001): 155-156.
Bartolovich, Crystal. Consumerism; or, the Cultural
Logic of Late Cannibalism. Cannibalism and the
Colonial World. Ed. Francis Barker, Peter Hulme,
and Margaret Iverson. Cambridge: Cambridge UP,
1998. 204-37.
Berk, Ari David. A Mirror of Indian Newes : North
American Indian Ethnographic Writing in Richard
Hakluyt s Principall Navigations of the English
Nation (1598-1600). Dissertation Abstracts
International 59.5 (1998): 1560.
Bradley, Peter T. Rev. of Sir Francis Drake: The Queen s
Pirate, by Harry Kelsey. The Hispanic American
Historical Review 80.3 (Aug. 2000): 577-578.
Burch, John. Rev. of Roanoke: Solving the Mystery of the
Lost Colony, by Lee Miller. Library Journal 126.10 (1
June 2001): 185.
Butler, Wanda. Onstage Under the Stars. Southern
Living May 2002: 16-18.
Cecelski, David S. A Historian s Coast: Adventures into
the Tidewater Past. Winston-Salem, NC: John F.
Blair, 2000.
Claggett, Steve. Rev. of Time Before History: The
Archaeology of North Carolina, by H. Trawick Ward
and R.P. Stephen Davis Jr. The North Carolina
Historical Review 77.2 (Apr. 2000): 232-233.
Coleman, Brooke. Roanoke: The Lost Colony. New York:
PowerKids P, 2000.
Cribb, T. J. Writing Up the Log: The Legacy of
Hakluyt. Travel Writing and Empire: Postcolonial
Theory in Transit. Ed. Steve Clark. London: Zed,
1999. 100-12.
Dolan, Edward F., Jr. The Lost Colony of Roanoke. New
York: Benchmark Books, 2001.
Drye, William. Found: Lost Colony Evidence?
American History Dec. 2002: 10-12.
Evans, Elizabeth. A Commanding Presence: Terrence
Mann Returns to his Theatrical Roots. The Lost
Colony Souvenir Program 2001: 8-9.
Flanagan, Margaret. Rev. of Big Chief Elizabeth: The
Adventures and Fate of the First English Colonists in
America, by Giles Milton. The Booklist 97.6 (15 Nov.
2000): 607-08.
Fontes, Patricia J. Rev. of Colonial Life Series. School
Library Journal 46.2 (Feb. 2000): 65.
Fox, Robert, ed. Thomas Harriot: An Elizabethan Man of
Science. Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2000.
Fuller, Mary C. Images of English Origins in
Newfoundland and Roanoke. Decentring the
Renaissance: Canada and Europe in Multidisciplinary
Perspective, 1500-1700. Ed. Germaine Warkentin
and Carolyn Podruchny. Toronto: U of Toronto P,
2001. 141-58.
Gaffney, Jean. Rev. of Sir Walter Raleigh: English
Explorer and Author, by Susan Korman. School
Library Journal 47.7 (July 2001): 126.
Gallagher, Jim. Sir Francis Drake and the Foundation of a
World Empire. Philadelphia: Chelsea House, 2001.
Green, Paul. The Lost Colony: A Symphonic Drama of
American History. Ed. Laurence G. Avery. Chapel
Hill: U of North Carolina P, 2001.
Gross, James. Rev. of Thomas Harriot, Science Pioneer,
by Ralph C. Staiger. The Book Report 18.1 (May
1999): 74.
Harman, Nicholas. Rev. of Roanoke: Solving the
Mystery of the Lost Colony, by Lee Miller. The
Spectator 9 Dec. 2000: 43.
Henry, John. Rev. of Thomas Harriot: An Elizabethan
Man of Science, ed. Robert Fox. British Journal for
the History of Science 34.3 (Sept. 2001): 354-356.
Hill, Michael, ed. Guide to North Carolina Highway
Historical Markers. 9th ed. Raleigh: North Carolina
Division of Archives and History, 2001.
The House That Skipper Bell Built. The Lost Colony
Souvenir Program 2001: 26-27.
houston, lebame, and Eric Hause. John White s
Vision of A New World. The Lost Colony Souvenir
Program 2001: 28-29.
Hudson, Marjorie. Searching For Virginia Dare: A Fool s
Errand. Wilmington, NC: Coastal Carolina P, 2002.
Italia, Bob. Roanoke, The Lost Colony. Edina, Minn.:
ABDO Pub., 2001.
See Checklist, page 10
10 Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter 8 (2002/2003)
January, Brendan. The Thirteen Colonies. New York:
Children s P, 2000.
Jones, Phil. Ralegh s Pirate Colony in America: The Lost
Settlement of Roanoke 1584-1590. Charleston, SC:
Tempus Publishing Inc., 2001.
Kelsey, Harry. Sir Francis Drake: The Queen s Pirate.
New Haven: Yale UP, 1998.
Kent, Scotti. More Than Petticoats: Remarkable North
Carolina Women. Helena, MO: Falcon Publishing,
2000.
Khoury, Angel Ellis. Herd Instinct. Outer Banks
Magazine Jan. 2000: 51-54.
. Manteo: A Roanoke Island Town. Virginia Beach, VA:
Donning, 2000.
Kicza, John E. Rev. of Sir Francis Drake: The Queen s
Pirate, by Harry Kelsey. Renaissance Quarterly 53.2
(Summer 2000): 542-555.
Korman, Susan. Walter Raleigh: English Explorer and
Author. Philadelphia, PA: Chelsea House
Publishers, 2000.
Kozak, Catherine. The Search Continues: New Clues
to America s Oldest Mystery. The Lost Colony
Souvenir Program 2001: 24-25.
Kupperman, Karen Ordahl. Indians and English: Facing
Off in Early America. Ithaca, NY: Cornell UP, 2000.
Larkin, Tanya. Francis Drake. New York: PowerKids P,
2000.
. Sir Walter Raleigh. New York: PowerKids P, 2000.
Leary, Barbara. The Lost Colony s Native Son:
Season Dedication to Robert Midgette. The Lost
Colony Souvenir Program 2001: 4-6.
Lie-Nielson, Margaret S. 400 Years, 400 Days: The Inside
Story of Elizabeth II. Nags Head, NC: Coastal
Impressions, 2000.
Lord, Kristin. Virginia Dare. The Journal of the
American Medical Association 286.15 (17 Oct. 2001):
1810.
The Lost Colony of Roanoke. Writing Sept. 2001: 21.
Lyle, Katie Letcher. Was Pocahontas Half-English?
Folklore, Fact, and Fiction. Virginia Cavalcade 48.2
(1999): 52-61.
Lynn, Michael R. Rev. of Thomas Harriot: An Elizabethan
Man of Science, ed. Robert Fox. The Sixteenth
Century Journal 33.1 (Spring 2002): 207-208.
Miller, Lee. Roanoke: Solving The Mystery of the Lost
Colony. New York: Arcade Publishing, 2001.
Milton, Giles. Big Chief Elizabeth: How England s
Adventurers Gambled and Won the New World.
London: Hodder and Stoughton, 2000. Big Chief
Elizabeth: The Adventures and Fate of the First
English Colonists in America. New York: Farrar,
Straus, and Giroux, 2000.
Milton, Giles. Whatever Happened To Sir Walter s
Americans? High Life Aug. 2000: 36-41.
Orr, Douglas Milton, and Alfred W. Stuart. The North
Carolina Atlas: Portrait for a New Century. Chapel
Hill: U of North Carolina P, 2000.
Parramore, Thomas C. The Lost Colony Found: A
Documentary Perspective. North Carolina
Historical Review 78.1 (2001): 67-83.
. Rev. of Roanoke: Solving the Mystery of the Lost
Colony, by Lee Miller. The North Carolina Historical
Review 78.4 (Oct. 2001): 483-84.
Petit, Charles W. The Ancients Among Us. U.S. News
and World Report 13 Jan. 2003: 51-52.
Phelan, Carolyn. Rev. of Roanoke: The Lost Colony, by
Bob Italia. The Booklist 98.9/10 (1 Jan. 2002): 852.
Pointer, Anne. Rev. of Roanoke: Solving the Mystery of
England s Lost Colony, by Lee Miller. History Today
Nov. 2001: 57.
Redworth, Glyn. Rev. of Sir Francis Drake: The Queen s
Pirate, by Harry Kelsey. European History Quarterly
31.3 (July 2001): 456-58.
Rev. of Invested With Meaning: The Raleigh Circle in the
New World, by Shannon Miller. Journal of American
History 86.3 (1999): 1324-25.
Reynolds, T. S. Rev. of Thomas Harriot: An Elizabethan
Man of Science, ed. Robert Fox. Choice July 2001:
1979.
Roback, Diane, Jennifer M. Brown, and Jason Britton.
Rev. of Sir Walter Ralegh and the Quest for El
Dorado, by Marc Aronson. Publishers Weekly 19
June 2000: 82.
Roberts, Nancy. Ghosts From the Coast. Chapel Hill: U
of North Carolina P, 2001.
Rotella, Mark, Charlotte Abbot, and Sarah F. Gold.
Rev. of Big Chief Elizabeth: The Adventures and Fate
of the First English Colonists in America, by Giles
Milton. Publishers Weekly 16 Oct. 2000: 58.
Rotella, Mark, et al. Rev. of Searching For Virginia Dare:
A Fool s Errand, by Marjorie Hudson. Publishers
Weekly 18 Mar. 2002: 87.
Sir Francis Drake (c1540-1596): A Pirate By
Appointment, Drake s Naval Victories Brought
Him Greater Rewards Than His
Circumnavigation. Geographical Dec. 2001: 77.
Smith, Bruce R. Mouthpieces: Native American
Voices in Thomas Harriot s True and Brief Report
of the New Found Land in Virginia, Gaspar Perez
De Villagra s Historia De La Nuevo Mexico, and
John Smith s General History of Virginia . New
Literary History 32 (2001): 501-17.
Staiger, Ralph. Thomas Harriot, Science Pioneer. New
York: Clarion Books, 1998.
Stick, David. A Pioneering Playwright. The Lost
Colony Souvenir Program 2001: 7.
Sweet, Timothy. Economy, Ecology, and Utopia in
Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter 8 (2002/2003) 11
Early Colonial Promotional Literature. American
Literature 71 (1999): 399-427.
Tangley, Laura. Lost Colony Theory. U.S. News and
World Report 4 May 1998: 12.
Taylor, Alan. Rev. of Big Chief Elizabeth: The Adventures
and Fate of the First English Colonists in America, by
Giles Milton. The New Republic 25 June 2001: 36-
41.
Tenance, Edward. Rev. of Sir Francis Drake: The Queen s
Pirate, by Harry Kelsey. The Sixteenth Century
Journal 32.4 (Winter 2001): 1241-42.
Thrower, Norman J. W. Rev. of Sir Francis Drake: The
Queen s Pirate, by Harry Kelsey. Biography 23.3
(Summer 2000): 594-95.
Trebellas, Christine, and William Chapman. Fort
Raleigh National Historic Site Historic Resource
Study. Atlanta: Southeast Regional Office,
National Park Service, 1999.
Walton, Steven A. Rev. of Thomas Harriot: An
Elizabethan Man of Science, ed. Robert Fox. Isis 92.4
(Dec. 2001): 781-82.
Weischedel, Elaine Fort. Rev. of Thomas Harriot, Science
Pioneer, by Ralph C. Staiger. School Library Journal
45.5 (May 1999): 143.
Welburn, Ron. Roanoke and Wampum: Topics in Native
American Heritage and Literatures. New York: Peter
Lang, 2001.
Wheeler, Susan. Roanoke & Wampumpeag. London
Review of Books 24.7 (2002): 18.
Wood, Carlton B. A Garden of Gifts. The Lost Colony
Souvenir Program 2001: 30 .
Yolen, Jane, and Heidi Elisabet Yolen Stemple. Roanoke:
The Lost Colony: An Unsolved Mystery From History.
New York: Simon and Schuster, 2002.
Roanoke Colonization-
Related News Items
Roanoke Colonization-Related News Items lists
stories from the three newspapers that cover Roanoke
Island and the Outer Banks of North Carolina most
extensively: the daily Virginian-Pilot from Norfolk,
Virginia (which has a branch office in Nags Head, North
Carolina); the thrice weekly Coastland Times from
Manteo, North Carolina; and the twice weekly Outer
Banks Sentinel from Nags Head, North Carolina. The
stories in these papers not only provide information
about the region s major news events but also provide
an interesting insight on the importance of Roanoke
colonization in contemporary local culture on Roanoke
Island and the Outer Banks. Items are listed in
chronological order. (Note: The weekly magazine
supplement of the Virginian-Pilot devoted to the Outer
Banks, The Coast, is distributed only on the Outer Banks
themselves and, therefore, is not always available to
the Roanoke Colonies Research Office.)
Items from May 1, 2000, through October 31, 2002,
are included in this issue of the Roanoke Colonies Research
Newsletter. Contact information:
Virginian-Pilot, 150 Brambleton Avenue, Norfolk, VA
23510, (757) 446-2000; Nags Head office, 2224 S.
Croatan Highway, Nags Head, NC 27959, (252) 441-
1620; <http://www.pilotonline.com>.
Coastland Times, 503 Budleigh Street, Manteo, NC
27954, (252) 473-2105.
Outer Banks Sentinel, P.O. Box 546, Nags Head, NC
27959, (252) 480-2234; <http://www.womack
newspapers.com/obsentinel/>.
May 2000
Journey Home Inter-Tribal Powwow at CH School
on Saturday. The Coastland Times 2 May 2000: A7.
The Lost Colony Remembers. The Coastland Times 9
May 2000: B8. Notes: Illustrated.
Watery Indian Site Explored in Hyde. The Coastland
Times 9 May 2000: A1+. Notes: Illustrated.
Garber, Pat. Park Service User Fees Could Slash
Tourism Income. Outer Banks Sentinel 11 May
2000: A7.
Heroic Hearts and History to Be Focus of The Lost
Colony s New Advertising Plan. The Coastland
Times 16 May 2000: A1+. Notes: Illustrated.
Lost Colony Rehearsals Begin This Week. The
Coastland Times 16 May 2000: A1+.
Lost Colony Actors Begin Work. Outer Banks
Sentinel 18 May 2000: A11. Notes: Illustrated;
Photographer Amy Simmons.
Colony Dare Night Performance June 1 to Benefit
See News Items, page 12
12 Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter 8 (2002/2003)
Food Pantries. The Coastland Times 25 May 2000:
A1+.
NPR s Carl Kasell to Welcome Lost Colony s
Opening Audience. The Coastland Times 28 May
2000: A12.
Traditional Visit. The Coastland Times 28 May 2000:
A3. Notes: Captioned photograph.
June 2000
Curtain Poised to Rise on 63rd Season of Lost
Colony. Outer Banks Sentinel 1 June 2000: B4.
Dare Night at Lost Colony Rescheduled. The
Coastland Times 1 June 2000: A1.
Get Lost. The Virginian-Pilot 1 June 2000: W1. Notes:
Advertisement.
Parsons, Sara E. Love, Passion, Adventure: New
Angle on an Old Story. The Virginian-Pilot 1 June
2000: B1+. Notes: Illustrated; Photographer Drew
C. Wilson.
Parsons, Sara E. Storms Delay Drama s Annual
Dare Night. The Virginian-Pilot 1 June 2000: B1.
Thompson, Estes. Despite One-Night Delay, Colony
Officially Starts June 2. The Coastland Times 1
June 2000: A1+. Notes: Illustrated.
Thompson, Estes. Lost Colony Discovers
Romance. The Virginian-Pilot 3 June 2000: E5.
Notes: Illustrated.
Lidh, Todd M. Dramas Bring History Alive Under
the Stars. The Coastland Times 4 June 2000: B5.
Wagner, M. Another Summer of Entertainment. The
Coastland Times 6 June 2000: A1. Notes: Captioned
photograph.
Wagner, Michelle. Love-Struck Colonists Spice Up
Local Drama. The Coastland Times 6 June 2000:
A1+.
Klein, Mike. Outer Banks Sentinel 8 June 2000: A11.
Notes: Untitled captioned photograph.
Klein, Mike. Summer Crowds Unavoidable? Outer
Banks Sentinel 8 June 2000: A3. Notes: Illustrated;
Photographer Mike Klein.
Theater in the Gardens . The Coastland Times 11 June
2000: A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Evans, Vera. Show Begins Run Tuesday. The
Coastland Times 11 June 2000: A3.
Bunnell, L. Scenic Ceremony. The Coastland Times 13
June 2000: B1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Parsons, Sara E. Thatching an Old World Roof Skill.
The Virginian-Pilot 13 June 2000: B1+. Notes:
Illustrated; Photographer Drew C. Wilson.
Local Boat Heading to OpSail. The Coastland Times
15 June 2000: A10.
NPR Newsman, Former Cast Member at LC. The
Coastland Times 15 June 2000: A5. Notes: Illustrated;
Photographer Walter V. Gresham Jr.
OpSail Participant. The Coastland Times 15 June
2000: A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Garrett, N. Performing History. The Coastland Times
15 June 2000: A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Garrett, Noah. Elizabeth R, by Houston, Is
Entertaining Education. The Coastland Times 15
June 2000: A11.
Parsons, Sara E. Roanoke Island Passes Expand
Summer Offerings. The Virginian-Pilot 15 June
2000: B1+. Notes: Illustrated.
Combined Attraction Passes to Bring More People to
R. Island. The Coastland Times 18 June 2000: A1+.
Putnam, Linda. Thatcher Travels to Repair Roofs,
Keep Squirrels Out. The Coastland Times 18 June
2000: A5.
School of the Arts Summer Scenes Begins at R.I.
Festival Park June 27. The Coastland Times 20 June
2000: A12.
Noted Designer William I. Long Calls Broadway, R.
Island Homes. The Coastland Times 22 June 2000:
A1+.
$300,000-Plus Development Gifts Acknowledged by
The Lost Colony. The Coastland Times 25 June
2000: A5.
Bingley, Eldwick. Elizabeth R Seeks Hat. The
Coastland Times 25 June 2000: A6 . Notes:
Illustrated; Photographer Eldwick Bingley.
July 2000
Festival Park Offers Blend of Then, Now. Outer
Banks Living and Coastal Property Guide [Outer
Banks Sentinel] July 2000: 24+.
Getting Started No Easy Task. Outer Banks Living
and Coastal Property Guide [Outer Banks Sentinel]
July 2000: 27+. Notes: Illustrated.
Horton, H. Perry, Rachel Carter, and Mike Klein.
Towns Names: Fact or Fiction. Outer Banks
Living and Coastal Property Guide [Outer Banks
Sentinel] July 2000: 14+.
Simmons, Amy. Virginia Dare: Wrapped in Mystery,
Star of Love Legend. Outer Banks Living and
Coastal Property Guide [Outer Banks Sentinel] July
2000: 18+. Notes: Illustrated; Photographer Amy
Simmons.
Peagle, G. Queen Shares Stage. The Coastland Times 2
July 2000: A5. Notes: Illustrated.
Foundation Announces Project for Rental Property
Owners. The Coastland Times 4 July 2000: A9.
Kitty Hawk, Buxton Woods Reserves Receive Trust
Grants. The Coastland Times 4 July 2000: A7.
News Items continued from page 11
Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter 8 (2002/2003) 13
See News Items, page 14
Bingley, Eldwick. Zany Musical Comedy Opens
Wednesday. The Coastland Times 4 July 2000: A2.
Notes: Illustrated; Photographer Tina Lentz.
Passion for Fashion. The Coastland Times 9 July 2000:
A2. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Garrett, N. Funds for Education. The Coastland Times
9 July 2000: A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Garrett, Noah. Manteo s Waterfront Inviting to
Visitors. The Coastland Times 9 July 2000: B1.
Notes: Photo essay.
Scholar, Researcher to Address Society During July
Meeting. The Coastland Times 13 July 2000: B3.
Tea With the Queen in Special Programs. The
Coastland Times 13 July 2000: A6.
Peagle, G. New Understanding in Elizabeth R. The
Coastland Times 13 July 2000: C8. Notes: Illustrated;
Photographer Mike Booher.
Dough, Wynne. Call Them What You Like, They re
Still Feral. The Coast [The Virginian-Pilot] 14 July
2000: 34. Notes: Illustrated.
RI Commission to Gain 40 Acres. The Coastland
Times 16 July 2000: A5.
Bingley, Eldwick. Three Chances to Meet the Queen.
The Coastland Times 16 July 2000: A4. Notes:
Illustrated; Photographer Mike Booher.
Lentz, Tina. Zany Comedy Makes History
Entertaining. The Coastland Times 16 July 2000:
B1. Notes: Photo essay.
Peagle, G. Bloody Mary Prepares New Topical
Humor. The Coastland Times 18 July 2000: A9.
Notes: Illustrated; Photographer Tina Lentz.
Lost Colony Choir to Perform Free Concert in
Historic Edenton. The Coastland Times 20 July
2000: A2.
Basnight, Marc. Rich History Is Ours to Share.
Outer Banks Sentinel 20 July 2000: A4.
Bunnell, L. Spot of Tea. The Coastland Times 23 July
2000: A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Frisco Native American Museum and History
Center. The Coastland Times 25 July 2000: B11.
Notes: Illustrated.
Queen Program Item Corrected. The Coastland
Times 25 July 2000: A1.
Carter, Rachel. Queen Shares Tea, Time. Outer
Banks Sentinel 27 July 2000: B1. Notes: Illustrated;
Photographer Rachel Carter.
Klein, Mike. Lost Colony Alumni Remember the
Days . . . The Coastland Times 27 July 2000: A9+.
Notes: Illustrated.
Peagle, G. Queen Surprises Dunes Diners. The
Coastland Times 27 July 2000: A6. Notes: Illustrated;
Photographer Eldwick Bingley.
Peagle, G. Gardens Interpret History in Royal Style.
The Coastland Times 30 July 2000: B1. Notes: Photo
essay; Photographers Les Bunnell and Mike
Booher.
August 2000
Infant Actor to Take the Stage in August at The Lost
Colony. The Coastland Times 3 Aug. 2000: A3.
The Coastland Times 6 Aug. 2000: A2. Notes: Untitled
personal birthday announcement; Illustrated.
Lost Colony Cast, Crew to Offer Dance Program at
Festival Park. The Coastland Times 6 Aug. 2000:
A2. Notes: Illustrated.
Peagle, G. Applauds Clock. The Coastland Times 6
Aug. 2000: A16. Notes: Illustrated; Photographer
Eldwick Bingley.
Schulty, Dave. Bill Friday s Love for O. Banks Stirs
Feeling to Retain Heritage. The Coastland Times 6
Aug. 2000: A1+. Notes: Illustrated; Photographer
Dave Schulty.
Book Signing at Frisco Museum. The Coastland Times
8 Aug. 2000: A9.
Historical Indian Village Might Have Been Located
in Tyrrell County. The Coastland Times 8 Aug.
2000: B5. Notes: Illustrated; Photographer M.
Griffin.
Lentz, Tina. Only Two More Performances. The
Coastland Times 8 Aug. 2000: A12. Notes: Captioned
photograph.
Campbell to Sign Saturday. The Coastland Times 10
Aug. 2000: A3.
Outer Banks Sentinel 10 Aug. 2000: A6. Notes: Untitled
photograph.
Sen. Basnight Names Six to Roanoke Commission.
Outer Banks Sentinel 10 Aug. 2000: A10.
Signings Here, There, Everywhere. Outer Banks
Sentinel 10 Aug. 2000: B6+. Notes: Illustrated.
Skakle, Sybil Austin. Daniels Day on Roanoke
Island. The Coastland Times 10 Aug. 2000: A7.
Notes: Illustrated.
All Impressed the Director. The Coastland Times 13
Aug. 2000: A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Garrett, Noah. Columbia Trip Set by Elizabeth II.
The Coastland Times 13 Aug. 2000: A1+. Notes:
Illustrated.
Virginia Dare Birthday Celebration Scheduled. The
Coastland Times 15 Aug. 2000: A1+. Notes:
Illustrated; Photographer M. Booher.
Babies Chosen for Dare Role; Family Fun Fair
Planned. Outer Banks Sentinel 17 Aug. 2000: A7.
Notes: Illustrated.
Lost Colony . . . The Play That Ran Two Months on
an Island. The Coastland Times 17 Aug. 2000: B5.
14 Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter 8 (2002/2003)
Notes: Photo essay.
Native and Veteran to Sing Lullaby. The Coastland
Times 17 Aug. 2000: B4. Notes: Illustrated;
Photographer Aycock Brown.
The President Visits Fort Raleigh. The Coastland
Times 17 Aug. 2000: B4. Notes: Reprint of North
Carolina Today, Vol. 1, No. 1 (1936).
Booher, M. Real Thing Friday. The Coastland Times 17
Aug. 2000: A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Hakluyt, Richard. The Lost Colony. The Coastland
Times 17 Aug. 2000: B3. Notes: Excerpt.
Neal, Bowen. Gardens Virginia Dare Activities to
Feature Local and Colony Performers. The
Coastland Times 17 Aug. 2000: B3. Notes: Illustrated.
Peagle, G. Volunteer Turned Local Celebrity. The
Coastland Times 17 Aug. 2000: B5. Notes: Illustrated.
Booher, M. Roanoke Island Natives. The Coastland
Times 20 Aug. 2000: A1. Notes: Captioned
photograph.
South, Paul. Local Renaissance Man Has Spent His
Lifetime Performing. The Virginian-Pilot 20 Aug.
2000: Y1+. Notes: Illustrated.
Family Tradition. The Coastland Times 24 Aug. 2000:
A6. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Booher, M. Curtain to Close. The Coastland Times 24
Aug. 2000: A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Wild Thing, You Make My Camera Sing. The
Virginian-Pilot 25 Aug. 2000: B1. Notes: Captioned
photograph.
Elizabethan Gardens Sparkle on Virginia Dare Day.
The Coastland Times 27 Aug. 2000: B1. Notes: Photo
essay; Photographer Sarah McDowell.
McDowell, S. Hours to Change. The Coastland Times
27 Aug. 2000: A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Mozingo, Shirley. Is Lost Colony Really the Oldest?
The Virginian-Pilot 27 Aug. 2000: Y4.
Kozak, Catherine. Lost Colony Leader Leaving
Island s Long-Standing Drama With Lighter
Debt. The Virginian-Pilot 29 Aug. 2000: B1+. Notes:
Illustrated.
Cassell, Michelle. Gardener Has Fond Memories
From 28 Years at Elizabethan Gardens. The
Coastland Times 31 Aug. 2000: B5. Notes: Illustrated;
Photographer M. Cassell; Reprint from 30 March
1997.
Fearing, Pat Basinger. Eighty Years of Involvement,
Recollection by Island Citizen. The Coastland
Times 31 Aug. 2000: B4. Notes: Illustrated; Reprint
from 1 April 1999.
Schulty, Dave. Louis Midgette Dies at Age 81. The
Coastland Times 31 Aug. 2000: A1+. Notes:
Illustrated.
September 2000
Dough, Wynne. A Single Road Built 76 Years Ago
Changed the Outer Banks Forever. The Coast [The
Virginian-Pilot] 1 Sept. 2000: 36. Notes: Illustrated.
Schulty, Dave. Optimism Touted for Lost Colony.
The Coastland Times 3 Sept. 2000: A1+.
William Ivey Long Mattamuskeet Foundation
Patron. The Coastland Times 17 Sept. 2000: A14.
Dough, Wynne. Archaeologists Hope to Find New
Clues to Lost Colonists. The Virginian-Pilot 17
Sept. 2000: Y1+. Notes: Illustrated; Photographer
Drew C. Wilson.
Volunteers Help Prepare Elizabeth II for Sail. The
Coastland Times 24 Sept. 2000: A1+. Notes:
Illustrated.
Making Return Trip. The Coastland Times 26 Sept.
2000: B12. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Garrett, N. Reviving Sparks. The Coastland Times 26
Sept. 2000: A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
2-Stop Voyage Begins. Outer Banks Sentinel 28 Sept.
2000: A9. Notes: Illustrated.
Hawkins Named to R.I. Commission. The Coastland
Times 28 Sept. 2000: A1.
October 2000
Booher, Mike. Outer Banks Sentinel 12 Oct. 2000: A1.
Notes: Captioned photograph.
Kozak, Catherine. Spry Elizabeth II Seaworthy
Again. The Virginian-Pilot 12 Oct. 2000: B1+.
Notes: Illustrated; Photographer Drew C. Wilson.
Lost Colony Gets Donation. The Coastland Times 15
Oct. 2000: A2. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Sailor Ray at Festival Park Teaches Children R.I.
History. The Coastland Times 15 Oct. 2000: A2.
Notes: Illustrated.
Garrett, N. Waving Goodbye. The Coastland Times 15
Oct. 2000: A12. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Outer Banks Sentinel 19 Oct. 2000: A9. Notes: Captioned
photograph.
Garrett, Noah. Explore Roanoke Island, Dare
Mainland. The Coastland Times 22 Oct. 2000: B1.
Notes: Photo essay.
Elizabeth II Sails on Television. The Coastland Times
26 Oct. 2000: B3. Notes: Illustrated.
Booher, Mike. Looks Like It Would Secure Line. The
Coastland Times 31 Oct. 2000: A1. Notes: Captioned
photograph.
November 2000
Griffin, M. Sailing at Sunset. The Coastland Times 7
Nov. 2000: B11. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Paul Green Scholar to Speak at Annual RIHA
News Items continued from page 13
Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter 8 (2002/2003) 15
See News Items, page 16
Meeting. The Coastland Times 14 Nov. 2000: A1.
Notes: Illustrated.
Margaret Suppler Bell, NPS Recognized As Skipper
Bell Awards Presented by RIHA. The Coastland
Times 26 Nov. 2000: A1+.
Frisco Museum, History Center Receives Funds for
Trail Program. The Coastland Times 28 Nov. 2000:
A3.
In Good Company. The Coastland Times 30 Nov. 2000:
A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Visitor Center Reopens Friday. Outer Banks Sentinel
30 Nov. 2000: A8.
December 2000
Broadway s Acclaimed Terrance Mann to Direct The
Lost Colony Drama. The Coastland Times 7 Dec.
2000: A11. Notes: Illustrated.
Outer Banks Sentinel 7 Dec. 2000: A16. Notes: Untitled
photo essay; Photographers John Frierson and
Michael Henry.
Skipper Bell Award Given. Outer Banks Sentinel 7
Dec. 2000: A10.
Henry, Michael. Terrance Mann to Direct Lost
Colony in 2001. Outer Banks Sentinel 7 Dec. 2000:
A1+. Notes: Illustrated.
Kozak, Catherine. Drama Brings Stage Veteran Back
to the Outer Banks. The Virginian-Pilot 7 Dec.
2000: B1+.
Harris-Ecklin. The Coastland Times 24 Dec. 2000: A3.
Notes: Wedding announcement; Illustrated.
Bunnell, Les. Behind the Scenes at Manteo s
Christmas. The Coastland Times 24 Dec. 2000: B1.
Notes: Photo essay.
January 2001
Cutler, Kevin Scott. Ocracoke Pony Killed in
Highway Accident. The Coastland Times 9 Jan.
2001: B5. Notes: Illustrated; Photographer Kevin
Scott Cutler.
Kozak, Catherine. Ocracoke Pony Dies After Being
Hit by Car. The Virginian-Pilot 9 Jan. 2001: B1+.
Booher, Mike. Knot a Bad Way to Pass the Time.
The Coastland Times 14 Jan. 2001: B1. Notes: Photo
essay.
Kozak, Catherine. Park Service Faces Crunch in
Policing. The Virginian-Pilot 16 Jan. 2001: B1+.
Lost Colony Crew Always Ready, Come What May.
Outer Banks Sentinel 18 Jan. 2001: A7.
Special Guest. The Coastland Times 23 Jan. 2001: A1.
Notes: Illustrated.
Received a Warm Welcome. The Coastland Times 25
Jan. 2001: A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
February 2001
TV Show Looks Inside Outer Banks History Center.
The Coastland Times 1 Feb. 2001: B2. Notes:
Illustrated.
Roberts, Frank. Arts Council Displays Pottery Old
and New. The Virginian-Pilot 3 Feb. 2001: B1+.
Notes: Illustrated; Photographer Drew C. Wilson.
Outdoor Drama Companies to Recruit at UNC-CH
for This Summer s Shows. The Coastland Times 6
Feb. 2001: A1+.
Long, Walker Named to Artistic Staff of LC. The
Coastland Times 8 Feb. 2001: A1+. Notes: Illustrated.
Kozak, Catherine. Research Center Tops UNC s
Consent Agenda. The Virginian-Pilot 9 Feb. 2001:
B1+. Notes: Illustrated.
Hatteras Powwow-Event for the Entire Family. The
Coastland Times 15 Feb. 2001: A7.
Theater Stars to Shine. Outer Banks Sentinel 15 Feb.
2001: A9. Notes: Illustrated.
TV Program Finds Artifacts in Good Hands. The
Coastland Times 15 Feb. 2001: A11.
Henry, Michael. UNC-Dare Gets Hefty Boost to
Priority Status. Outer Banks Sentinel 15 Feb. 2001:
A1+.
The Lost Colony Looking for Local Talent to Fill 2001
Cast. The Coastland Times 18 Feb. 2001: A7. Notes:
Illustrated.
Unexpected Death. The Coastland Times 18 Feb. 2001:
A1+. Notes: Illustrated.
Schulty, Dave. Marine Facility Given OK, Funds Next
Hurdle. The Coastland Times 20 Feb. 2001: A1+.
L.C. Executive. The Coastland Times 22 Feb. 2001: A9.
Notes: Illustrated.
Hard Act to Follow. The Coastland Times 22 Feb.
2001: A8. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Lost Colony Names Production Chief. Outer Banks
Sentinel 22 Feb. 2001: A8. Notes: Illustrated.
An Outer Banks Tradition. The Coastland Times 27
Feb. 2001: B2. Notes: Captioned photograph.
March 2001
Auditions March 10 For Lost Colony. Outer Banks
Sentinel 1 Mar. 2001: A9.
An Endearing Leading Lady. The Coastland Times 4
Mar. 2001: A5. Notes: Captioned photograph.
When Spring Comes; It s Lost Colony Time. The
Coastland Times 4 Mar. 2001: B1. Notes: Photo essay.
Kozak, Catherine. Colony Cast Meets Broadway. The
Virginian-Pilot 4 Mar. 2001: Y1+. Notes: Illustrated.
Auditions March 10 For Lost Colony. Outer Banks
Sentinel 8 Mar. 2001: A8.
Guiteras, Andrew. Buxton Woods Adds 8+ Acres to
16 Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter 8 (2002/2003)
Preserve. Outer Banks Sentinel 8 Mar. 2001: A1+.
Kozak, Catherine. Lost Colony Readies for 64th
Year. The Virginian-Pilot 11 Mar. 2001: Y1+. Notes:
Illustrated; Photographer Drew C. Wilson.
Lost Colony Auditions Draw Excellent Turnout.
The Coastland Times 13 Mar. 2001: A1. Notes:
Illustrated; Photographer P. McCleney.
Guest Artists Offer Talents for The Lost Colony s PTW
Series. The Coastland Times 15 Mar. 2001: A8.
Notes: Illustrated.
Williamson, David. Historian Says State Settled by
Irish, Including Adventurers in Lost Colony.
Outer Banks Sentinel 15 Mar. 2001: A4+.
Coastal Production Company Receives National
Recognition. The Coastland Times 18 Mar. 2001:
A7.
Creative Programs Earn Awards. The Coastland
Times 18 Mar. 2001: A1. Notes: Captioned
photograph.
Schulty, Dave. Unique Project Included in Tourism
Board Grants. The Coastland Times 18 Mar. 2001:
A1+.
Sea Scape at Kitty Hawk Will Be Scene of April
Colony Fund-Raiser. The Coastland Times 25 Mar.
2001: A1+. Notes: Illustrated.
Croatan Indian Research to Be Discussed Saturday.
The Coastland Times 27 Mar. 2001: A1+.
Outer Banks Sentinel 29 Mar. 2001: B1. Notes: Captioned
photograph.
Powwow Coming in April. Outer Banks Sentinel 29
Mar. 2001: B1.
Tourney to Raise Funds for Lost Colony. Outer
Banks Sentinel 29 Mar. 2001: B1. Notes: Illustrated.
Kozak, Catherine. New Hints to Lost Colonists
Found. The Virginian-Pilot 31 Mar. 2001: B1+.
Notes: Illustrated; Photographer Drew C. Wilson.
April 2001
Accepts Donation. The Coastland Times 1 Apr. 2001:
A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Colony Manager. The Coastland Times 1 Apr. 2001:
A1+. Notes: Illustrated.
Dowd Named As Executive Manager of the Lost
Colony. Outer Banks Sentinel 5 Apr. 2001: C1.
Notes: Illustrated.
Park Service Invites Comment on Fire,
Environmental Policies. Outer Banks Sentinel 5
Apr. 2001: C3.
Garrett, N. Marvelous Display. The Coastland Times 8
Apr. 2001: A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Mozingo, Shirley. New Curator Sees Great Potential
for Preserving, Sharing Area s History. The
Virginian-Pilot 10 Apr. 2001: B5.
Frierson, John C. Survivor Wannabe Puts Self on
Line. Outer Banks Sentinel 12 Apr. 2001: B1. Notes:
Illustrated; Photographer John C. Frierson.
Dough, Wynne. Story of Manteo, Wanchese Hard to
Pin Down Historically. The Coast [The Virginian-
Pilot] 13 Apr. 2001: 11. Notes: Illustrated.
Descendants of Hatterask Tribe Expected at April
21-22 Powwow. Outer Banks Sentinel 15 Apr. 2001:
B8. Notes: Illustrated.
Elizabethan Gardens Celebrates 50 Years. The
Coastland Times 15 Apr. 2001: B1. Notes: Photo
essay.
Outer Banks Sentinel 15 Apr. 2001: A6. Notes: Captioned
photograph.
Play Depicting Legend of Virginia Dare Debuts.
Outer Banks Sentinel 15 Apr. 2001: B8. Notes:
Illustrated.
Wanchese Students Get History Lesson. The
Coastland Times 15 Apr. 2001: A12.
Guiteras, Andrew. Manteo Eliminates Negatives,
Accentuates Positives. Outer Banks Sentinel 15
Apr. 2001: A1+. Notes: Illustrated.
Priestley, Kent. At 50, Elizabethan Gardens
Enchants. The Coastland Times 15 Apr. 2001: A1+.
Notes: Illustrated; Photographer N. Garrett.
Powwow on Hatteras Island Begins Saturday. The
Coastland Times 17 Apr. 2001: A6.
Priestley, Kent Elizabethan Gardens Blossomed
Through Work of Many. The Coastland Times 17
Apr. 2001: A12. Notes: Illustrated; Photographer N.
Garrett.
Elizabethan Gardens Beauty Blossoms on TV
Program Sunday. The Coastland Times 19 Apr.
2001: A8.
Entertainment Schedule for Elizabeth Gardens 50th
Celebration. The Coastland Times 19 Apr. 2001: A8.
Notes: Schedule of events.
Music, Magic, Memories to Flood Elizabethan
Gardens. Outer Banks Sentinel 19 Apr. 2001: B1.
Notes: Illustrated; Photographer Amy Simmons-
Larson.
Powwow Pageantry Planned. Outer Banks Sentinel 19
Apr. 2001: A1. Notes: Illustrated.
Priestley, Kent. Cultivating the Future at Gardens.
The Coastland Times 19 Apr. 2001: A1+. Notes:
Illustrated; Photographer N. Garrett.
Kozak, Catherine. Historic Garden Marks
Milestone. The Virginian-Pilot 21 Apr. 2001: Y1+.
Notes: Illustrated; Photographer Drew C. Wilson.
Eastern National Opens Book Store at Fort Raleigh.
The Coastland Times 24 Apr. 2001: A5.
News Items continued from page 15
Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter 8 (2002/2003) 17
Ken Mann s Award-Winning Show Expands into Pa.,
W. Va., Maryland. The Coastland Times 26 Apr.
2001: A10.
An Outer Banks Weekend. Outer Banks Sentinel 26
Apr. 2001: B1. Notes: Photo essay; Photographer
Cornelia Olive.
Play Depicting Virginia Dare Legend Coming to
Festival Park. The Coastland Times 26 Apr. 2001:
A8. Notes: Illustrated.
Bunnell, L. Departing Visitors. The Coastland Times
26 Apr. 2001: A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Priestley, Kent. Elizabethan Gardens Hosts
Memorable Anniversary Event. The Coastland
Times 26 Apr. 2001: A12.
Pow-Wow Director Thanks Community for Great
Support. The Coastland Times 29 Apr. 2001: A4.
Star in Her Own Way. The Coastland Times 29 Apr.
2001: A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
May 2001
Book Store Opens at Fort Raleigh. Outer Banks
Sentinel 3 May 2001: B2.
Lost Colony Golf Tourney Raises $54,000 for Drama.
The Coastland Times 3 May 2001: B3. Notes:
Illustrated.
Lost Colony Receives New Lighting System. Outer
Banks Sentinel 3 May 2001: B3. Notes: Illustrated.
Power Company Donation to Brighten Waterside
Theatre. The Coastland Times 3 May 2001: A3.
Notes: Illustrated.
Bornfriend, Carl. People Put Wow in Powwow. Outer
Banks Sentinel 3 May 2001: A5. Notes: Illustrated.
Priestley, Kent. History Center Curator Excited
About New Job. The Coastland Times 6 May 2001:
A1+. Notes: Illustrated; Photographer K. Priestley.
The Lost Colony to Offer Preview Week for Dare
County Residents June 1-7. The Coastland Times 10
May 2001: B5.
Goodloe-Murphy, Mary Helen. Park Service 2002
Budget Proposed. The Coastland Times 10 May
2001: A9.
Elizabeth II to Set Sail, Visit Neighbor Port, Festival.
Outer Banks Sentinel 13 May 2001: B1. Notes:
Illustrated.
White, Gwen. Mother s Legacies Shared by
Offspring. Outer Banks Sentinel 13 May 2001:
A1+. Notes: Illustrated.
Elizabeth II Ready for Sail to Hyde County. The
Coastland Times 15 May 2001: A1. Notes: Illustrated;
Photographer Ray Matthews.
Locals to Have a Full Week to See Show. Outer Banks
Sentinel 17 May 2001: B8.
Many Locals Performing in Lost Colony This
Season. Outer Banks Sentinel 17 May 2001: B8.
A Salary Crisis. The Coastland Times 17 May 2001:
A4.
Guiteras, Andrew. Manteo to Broadway and Back.
Outer Banks Sentinel 20 May 2001: A1+. Notes:
Illustrated.
Book Puts Lost Colony Back into the Hands of the
Public. Outer Banks Sentinel 24 May 2001: B7.
Notes: Illustrated.
No County Windfall for The Lost Colony. The
Coastland Times 24 May 2001: A1.
Evans, Elizabeth. William Ivey Long Up for Third
Tony Award June 3. The Coastland Times 24 May
2001: A7.
Toler, L. J. Historical Drama Audiences Want Related
Activities, Events. Outer Banks Sentinel 24 May
2001: B7+.
Colony Previews Extended for Residents. The
Coastland Times 27 May 2001: B1 . Notes: Photo
essay.
Preview Week Providing Free Lost Colony Entrance.
The Coastland Times 29 May 2001: A1+.
Professor s Book Puts The Lost Colony Outdoor
Drama Back in the Hands of Public. The
Coastland Times 29 May 2001: A5.
Wilson, Drew C. Weapons Training for Historical
Drama. The Virginian-Pilot 30 May 2001: B1.
Notes: Captioned photograph.
Basnight Appeals for Members to Support O.B.
History Center. The Coastland Times 31 May 2001:
A3.
Festival Park Is Free for Dare Day June 2. The
Coastland Times 31 May 2001: A1.
McCleney, P. Curtain Going Up. The Coastland Times
31 May 2001: A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
June 2001
Kozak, Catherine. A Record-Setting Make-Believe
Manteo. The Virginian-Pilot 2 June 2001: Y1+.
Notes: Illustrated.
Veteran Actor Robert Midgette Honored in Special
Ceremony Friday at Colony. The Coastland Times
3 June 2001: A1+. Notes: Illustrated; Photographer
P. McCleney.
Fisher, Megan. Lost Colony Season Dedicated to
Robert Midgette (aka Manteo). Outer Banks
Sentinel 3 June 2001: A1+. Notes: Illustrated.
Mozingo, Shirley. Park Service Veteran to Retire. The
Virginian-Pilot 3 June 2001: Y2.
Colony Costume Designer Wins on Broadway,
Again. The Coastland Times 5 June 2001: A1+.
Notes: Illustrated; Photographer P. McCleney.
Vowell, Roberta T. A Find for the Lost Colony. The
See News Items, page 18
18 Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter 8 (2002/2003)
Virginian-Pilot 6 June 2001: E1+. Notes: Illustrated;
Photographer Drew Wilson.
Wilson, Drew C. Running With The Horses. The
Virginian-Pilot 7 June 2001: B1. Notes: Captioned
photograph.
Authors, Photographer to Sign New Books in
Manteo, at Park. Outer Banks Sentinel 10 June
2001: A8. Notes: Illustrated.
Peagle, G. Ninth Season Begins June 12 for One-
Woman Hit Elizabeth R. The Coastland Times 10
June 2001: A5. Notes: Illustrated; Photographer
Mike Booher.
Roberts, Frank. Woman Has Lifelong Love of Music.
The Virginian-Pilot 11 June 2001: B1+. Notes:
Illustrated; Photographer Drew C. Wilson.
Actor Griffith Lends Support to OBHC Membership
Drive. The Coastland Times 12 June 2001: A7.
Author to Sign Lost Colony Book. The Coastland
Times 12 June 2001: A3.
Honorary Chair. The Coastland Times 12 June 2001:
A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Five Authors Will Sign Books at Various Events in
Manteo. Outer Banks Sentinel 14 June 2001: B2+.
Notes: Illustrated.
Fearing, Pat Basinger. The Dream Still Lives. The
Coastland Times 14 June 2001: A12. Notes:
Illustrated.
Vaquera, Jessica. Horses Living Protected Lives in
Currituck. The Coast [The Virginian-Pilot] 15 June
2001: 26. Notes: Illustrated; Photographer Jessica
Vaquera.
History Center Kicks Off 02 Membership Drive.
Outer Banks Sentinel 17 June 2001: B3. Notes:
Illustrated.
Law, Daryl. Queen and Court Celebrate Gardens
50th. The Coastland Times 17 June 2001: B1. Notes:
Photo essay.
Schulty, Dave. Woody Concludes Park Service Duty.
The Coastland Times 17 June 2001: A1+. Notes:
Illustrated; Photographer D. Schulty.
Corps Proposes Festival Park Project. The Coastland
Times 19 June 2001: A1+.
Priestley, K. Dramatic Moment. The Coastland Times
19 June 2001: A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Priestley, Kent. Elizabeth R Potent in Ninth
Season. The Coastland Times 19 June 2001: A5.
British Crew Films Elizabeth II for Documentary on
Raleigh, Drake. Outer Banks Sentinel 21 June 2001:
C2. Notes: Illustrated.
Elizabeth II Featured in Film. The Coastland Times 21
June 2001: A11. Notes: Illustrated.
Lost Colony the Subject of Ken Mann s Program on
June 24. The Coastland Times 21 June 2001: A12.
Lost Colony Secrets Shared on Television. Outer
Banks Sentinel 24 June 2001: B3.
Hampton, Jeffrey S. Bones Offer History Lesson.
The Virginian-Pilot 24 June 2001: Y1+. Notes:
Illustrated; Photographer Drew Wilson.
Peagle, G. Elizabethan Gardens Offer Double
Attractions Now on Tuesdays. The Coastland
Times 24 June 2001: A5. Notes: Illustrated;
Photographer Daryl Law.
Williams, C. Sharing Ideas. The Coastland Times 26
June 2001: A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Jacques D Amboise to Stage Free Dance Concert
With the Lost Colony Company. The Coastland
Times 28 June 2001: A3. Notes: Illustrated.
July 2001
Hatteras NPS Group Gets New Leadership. Outer
Banks Sentinel 1 July 2001: B5.
July Fourth the Birthday of America and The Lost
Colony. The Coastland Times 1 July 2001: A1+.
Notes: Illustrated.
Queen s Broken Leg Seen As Royal Pain. Outer
Banks Sentinel 1 July 2001: B5. Notes: Illustrated.
Theater Workshop Premieres. The Virginian-Pilot 1
July 2001: Y1. Notes: Illustrated; Photographer
Vanessa Vick.
Ruehlmann, Bill. Call Off the Search! Lost Colony Is
Found. The Virginian-Pilot 1 July 2001: E4. Notes:
Illustrated.
Kozak, Catherine. Park Service Official Leaving
Outer Banks. The Virginian-Pilot 3 July 2001: B1+.
Notes: Illustrated.
McCleney, P. Back After a Break. The Coastland
Times 3 July 2001: A1. Notes: Captioned
photograph.
Ann Reinking to Conduct Workshops for The Lost
Colony Company July 9-10. The Coastland Times 5
July 2001: A6.
Nature Week at Mattamuskeet NWR Fun and
Educational. The Coastland Times 5 July 2001: B3.
Notes: Illustrated.
The Queen Visits Gardens at Night. Outer Banks
Sentinel 5 July 2001: B6. Notes: Illustrated;
Photographers Cornelia Olive, John Frierson.
Book Signings. Outer Banks Sentinel 8 July 2001: B5.
Literary Week Features New Books, Authors. Outer
Banks Sentinel 8 July 2001: B5. Notes: Illustrated.
Frierson, John C. Outer Banks Sentinel 8 July 2001: B1.
Notes: Captioned photograph.
Remembering Mary Wood Long. The Coastland Times
10 July 2001: A8.
Bunnell, L. 2001 Season Opens Wednesday. The
News Items continued from page 13
Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter 8 (2002/2003) 19
Coastland Times 10 July 2001: A1 . Notes: Captioned
photograph.
Peagle, G. Musical Comedy Opens Wednesday. The
Coastland Times 10 July 2001: A9.
Hampton, Jeffrey S. Foundation s Money Helps
Corolla Horses. The Virginian-Pilot 11 July 2001:
B1+. Notes: Illustrated; Photographer Drew C.
Wilson.
Virginia Dare Desk Comes Back Home. The
Coastland Times 12 July 2001: A1+. Notes:
Illustrated.
Priestley, Kent. History of Shadboat Flows Deep
Through Life of Melvin Twiddy. The Coastland
Times 12 July 2001: A1+. Notes: Illustrated;
Photographer Kent Priestley.
Bunnell, Les. Royals Hit the Boards on Roanoke
Island. The Coastland Times 15 July 2001: B1. Notes:
Photo essay.
Garrett, Noah. Historical Comedy: Emotional Roller
Coaster. The Coastland Times 15 July 2001: A8.
Notes: Illustrated; Photographer Noah Garrett.
Priestley, Kent. Gardener Loves First Year on Job.
The Coastland Times 19 July 2001: A1+. Notes:
Illustrated; Photographer Kent Priestley.
Kozak, Catherine. Device Keeps Bugs at Bay. The
Virginian-Pilot 21 July 2001: A1+. Notes: Illustrated;
Photographer Drew C. Wilson.
Lost Colony Baby Auditions Saturday, August 4.
The Coastland Times 24 July 2001: A11.
Search on for Baby Virginia Dare. Outer Banks
Sentinel 26 July 2001: C1.
Auditions Aug. 4 for Baby to Play Virginia Dare.
Outer Banks Sentinel 29 July 2001: A8.
Schulty, Dave. Tourist Trends Painted for O. Banks
Industry. The Coastland Times 29 July 2001: A1+.
Infant Actors Take the Stage. The Coastland Times 31
July 2001: A1+. Notes: Illustrated.
August 2001
Dare Babies to Audition for 3 Slots on Saturday.
Outer Banks Sentinel 2 Aug. 2001: C1.
New Head of NPS Appointed. Outer Banks Sentinel 9
Aug. 2001: A1.
Charlet, J. Learning the Arts. The Coastland Times 9
Aug. 2001: A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
The Lost Colony Plans Tribute to Drama Author,
Founding Fathers. Outer Banks Sentinel 12 Aug.
2001: A8. Notes: Illustrated.
Artistic Staff. The Coastland Times 14 Aug. 2001: B3.
Babies Chosen for Roles As Virginia Dare in TLC.
The Coastland Times 14 Aug. 2001: A4.
The Lost Colony. The Coastland Times 14 Aug. 2001: B3.
Notes: Advertisement.
Roanoke Island Historical Association to Honor
Founders in August 18 Special. The Coastland
Times 14 Aug. 2001: A3. Notes: Illustrated.
Virginia Dare s Birth Highlighted by Artist. The
Coastland Times 14 Aug. 2001: A5.
Virginia Dare Birthday Promises Big Celebration.
The Coastland Times 16 Aug. 2001: A1+.
Bingley, Eldwick. Infant Will Debut, Following in
Footsteps of Great-Grandmother. The Coastland
Times 16 Aug. 2001: A5.
Brown, Aycock. Featured in Gardens August 18.
The Coastland Times 16 Aug. 2001: A8. Notes:
Captioned photograph.
Gresham, Walter. Music With The Queen Honors
Virginia Dare. The Coastland Times 16 Aug. 2001:
A8. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Peagle, G. Marjalene Thomas to Perform Tribute to
Lost Colony Author. The Coastland Times 16 Aug.
2001: A8.
. Virginia Dare Tribute at 11 Saturday, Elizabethan
Gardens. The Coastland Times 16 Aug. 2001: A8.
Priestley, Kent. Site for Celebration. The Coastland
Times 16 Aug. 2001: A1. Notes: Captioned
photograph.
Plaque Dedication. The Coastland Times 23 Aug.
2001: A7. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Lost Colony Awards Presented. The Coastland Times
26 Aug. 2001: A1+.
Priestley, Kent. Gardens Host Royal Party for
Virginia. The Coastland Times 26 Aug. 2001: B1.
Notes: Photo essay.
September 2001
Yobp, Rockney. Sentinel Scenes. Outer Banks Sentinel
6 Sept. 2001: A4. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Newbold to Head RI Panel. Outer Banks Sentinel 13
Sept. 2001: C1+. Notes: Illustrated.
November 2001
Arts Council Awards $17,136 to Dare County. The
Coastland Times 1 Nov. 2001: B5.
Elizabethan Tymes Faire Coming to R.I. Festival
Park. The Coastland Times 6 Nov. 2001: A12. Notes:
Illustrated.
Faire to Entertain All Ages. Outer Banks Sentinel 8
Nov. 2001: A1+. Notes: Illustrated.
Festival Park Weekend Event Highlighted by
Elizabeth R. The Coastland Times 8 Nov. 2001: A8.
Notes: Illustrated.
McCormick to Keynote RIHA Friday Meeting. The
Coastland Times 8 Nov. 2001: A1+.
Play Offers Inside Look at Queen. Outer Banks
See News Items, page 20
20 Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter 8 (2002/2003)
Sentinel 8 Nov. 2001: A1+. Notes: Illustrated.
Garrett, Noah. Sen. Basnight Gets Top RIHA Honor.
The Coastland Times 13 Nov. 2001: A1+.
Priestley, Kent. Helping Hand. The Coastland Times
13 Nov. 2001: A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Griffin, M. Living History. The Coastland Times 20
Nov. 2001: B13. Notes: Captioned photograph.
December 2001
Priestley, Kent. Going Way Back at Festival Park.
The Coastland Times 2 Dec. 2001: B1. Notes: Photo
essay.
Lost Colony Celebrates Gifts. Outer Banks Sentinel 9
Dec. 2001: A2. Notes: Captioned photograph.
The Lost Colony Launches 2002 Membership Drive.
The Coastland Times 9 Dec. 2001: A6.
Unannounced Presentation at Wanchese. The
Coastland Times 16 Dec. 2001: A1+. Notes:
Illustrated.
Bunnell, Les. Manteo s Christmas Was Right Royal.
The Coastland Times 16 Dec. 2001: B1. Notes: Photo
essay.
January 2002
Evan, Vera. Truly Royal Affair to Be Attended by
Queen Elizabeth, Special Guests. Outer Banks
Sentinel 31 Jan. 2002: A3. Notes: Illustrated.
February 2002
Elizabethan Gala Planned March 2. The Coastland
Times 3 Feb. 2002: A13. Notes: Illustrated.
Lost Colony Should Do. The Coastland Times 3 Feb.
2002: A1.
Elizabethan Gala Has Colorful History. The
Coastland Times 7 Feb. 2002: A8.
Four Outer Banks Locations Listed in Places
Vacationers Must Visit. Outer Banks Sentinel 7
Feb. 2002: B3.
Elizabethans in Dare. The Coastland Times 10 Feb.
2002: A7. Notes: Illustrated.
Garrett, N. Ambassador, Meet the First English
Child. The Coastland Times 17 Feb. 2002: A1. Notes:
Captioned photograph.
Roanoke Voyages Corridor Issues 21 R. Island
Permits. The Coastland Times 21 Feb. 2002: A8.
Notes: Illustrated.
Kozak, Catherine. Search on for New Bridge Name.
The Virginian-Pilot 23 Feb. 2002: Y1+. Notes:
Illustrated; Photographer Drew C. Wilson.
Lost Colony Auditions Set for Roanoke Island March
2. The Coastland Times 26 Feb. 2002: A4.
Queen Bestows Honor. The Coastland Times 26 Feb.
2002: A2. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Roanoke Voyages Corridor Celebrates 20-Year
Birthday. The Coastland Times 26 Feb. 2002: A6.
Lost Colony to Hold Auditions. Outer Banks
Sentinel 28 Feb. 2002: A10.
March 2002
Wilson, Drew C. Aspiring Auditioners. The
Virginian-Pilot 3 Mar. 2002: Y1. Notes: Captioned
photograph.
Tryout Numbers Termed Good for Roles in The Lost
Colony. The Coastland Times 7 Mar. 2002: A12.
Holmes, Stephanie. Dancers, Actors Bring Dancing
Shoes, High Hopes to Lost Colony Auditions.
Outer Banks Sentinel 7 Mar. 2002: B10. Notes:
Illustrated.
Historical Association Says Bridge Should Be
Named for Virginia Dare. Outer Banks Sentinel 10
Mar. 2002: B5.
Evans, Vera. Elizabethan Revels Elicit Rave
Reviews. The Coastland Times 10 Mar. 2002: A11.
Notes: Illustrated.
Elizabethan Rendezvous Satisfied Patrons Hunger
for Great Food, Fine Entertainment and
Fellowship. Outer Banks Sentinel 14 Mar. 2002:
A10. Notes: Illustrated; Photographer Cornelia
Olive.
Lost Colony Needs Few Good Volunteers. Outer
Banks Sentinel 17 Mar. 2002: A8.
The Lost Colony Seeks Volunteers for Assistance in
65th Season. The Coastland Times 17 Mar. 2002:
A6.
South, Paul. Bridge Could Honor Virginia Dare. The
Virginian-Pilot 30 Mar. 2002: Y 1+. Notes:
Illustrated; Photographers Kelly Presnell and
Drew C. Wilson.
April 2002
Southeastern Theater Group Honors Long, Mann,
Lost Colony Principals. Outer Banks Sentinel 18
Apr. 2002: A3+. Notes: Illustrated.
The Lost Colony Is a Hit in Alabama. The Coastland
Times 21 Apr. 2002: A11. Notes: Illustrated.
Olive, Cornelia. Outer Banks Sentinel 25 Apr. 2002: B10.
Notes: Captioned photograph.
Gillam, Josh. Lost Colony Tees Off for a Successful
Season. The Coastland Times 30 Apr. 2002: A12.
Notes: Illustrated; Photographer M. Artz.
May 2002
Kozak, Catherine. The Lost Colony Returns. The
News Items continued from page 19
Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter 8 (2002/2003) 21
Virginian-Pilot 1 May 2002: B1+.
Colony Opening Set for May 31. The Coastland
Times 12 May 2002: A12.
LC Box Office Is Now Open. The Coastland Times 12
May 2002: A12.
Wilson, Drew C. New Season For Lost Colony. The
Virginian-Pilot 13 May 2002: B1. Notes: Captioned
photograph.
Elizabethan Finery. The Coastland Times 23 May
2002: A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Terrence Mann Returns to Direct Lost Colony
During 65th Season. Outer Banks Sentinel 23 May
2002: C1. Notes: Illustrated; Photographer Kevin
Schwartz.
Kozak, Catherine. Naming of New Bridge Has Come
to a Dare County-Manteo Standoff. The
Virginian-Pilot 23 May 2002: Y1+. Notes: Illustrated;
Photographer Drew C. Wilson.
Manteo Lions-Colony Fish Fry Return Elicits Wide
Acclaim. The Coastland Times 26 May 2002: A6.
Roanoke Island Festival Park Offers Free Day on
Dare Day. The Coastland Times 26 May 2002: A7.
Dare Week! The Coastland Times 30 May 2002: A1.
Notes: Captioned photograph.
Summer s First Author Signing Set. The Coastland
Times 30 May 2002: A6.
Wilson, Drew C. Rehearsed and Ready. The
Virginian-Pilot 31 May 2002: Y1. Notes: Photo essay.
June 2002
Elizabethan Finery. Outer Banks Sentinel 2 June 2002:
A8. Notes: Captioned photograph.
The Lost Colony Opens at Waterside Theater: Special
Performances for Dare Residents. The Coastland
Times 2 June 2002: B1. Notes: Photo essay.
Willard Seeking Lost Colony in Tyrrell, June 7. The
Coastland Times 2 June 2002: B2.
Garrett, N. Getting in Step. The Coastland Times 4
June 2002: A5. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Pioneering Spirit Remains at The Lost Colony. The
Coastland Times 6 June 2002: A6. Notes: Illustrated.
Queen Makes 2002 Royal Debut June 11. Outer
Banks Sentinel 9 June 2002: A8. Notes: Illustrated;
Photographer Mike Booher.
Queen Returns to Gardens. The Coastland Times 9
June 2002: A14. Notes: Illustrated.
Priestley, Kent. The Coastland Times 9 June 2002: B1.
Notes: Captioned photograph.
Fearing, Pat Basinger. 65th Season of Colony Off to
Good Start. The Coastland Times 13 June 2002:
A10.
Lost Colony June 26 Show Will Be Sign-Language
Interpreted. The Coastland Times 23 June 2002: A3.
July 2002
Priestley, Kent. Prominent Oak. The Coastland Times
2 July 2002: A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Garrett, Noah. Croatan Bridge Nears Completion.
The Coastland Times 4 July 2002: A1+.
Historical Gardens Respite Schedules Set. The
Coastland Times 9 July 2002: A5. Notes: Illustrated.
Tea With the Queen Just Around the Corner. The
Coastland Times 9 July 2002: A5. Notes: Illustrated.
Freehling, Bill. Virginia Dare Probable Namesake on
New Bridge. Outer Banks Sentinel 14 July 2002:
A1+. Notes: Illustrated.
A Star Passed But Will Shine. The Coastland Times 18
July 2002: B4.
Kozak, Catherine. Croatan Sound Bridge Opening Is
Set. The Virginian-Pilot 21 July 2002: Y1+. Notes:
Illustrated; Photographer Drew C. Wilson.
Schulty, Dave. Easley, Griffith to Join in Bridge
Opening Event. The Coastland Times 23 July 2002:
A1.
Professional Theatre Workshop Dance Concert. The
Coastland Times 25 July 2002: A5. Notes: Captioned
photograph.
August 2002
Virginia Dare Croquet Event Planned by The Lost
Colony. The Coastland Times 8 Aug. 2002: B6.
Notes: Captioned photograph.
Freeman, Darren. DOT to Name Bridge for Virginia
Dare. The Virginian-Pilot 8 Aug. 2002: B1+. Notes:
Illustrated; Photographer Drew C. Wilson.
Freeman, Darren. Fanfare to Open Newest Bridge.
The Virginian-Pilot 10 Aug. 2002: Y1+. Notes:
Illustrated; Photographer Drew C. Wilson.
Croquet Tournament Will Benefit The Lost
Colony. Outer Banks Sentinel 11 Aug. 2002: A8.
Notes: Illustrated.
Public Invited to Virginia Dare s Birthday
Celebration. Outer Banks Sentinel 11 Aug. 2002:
A8.
The Lost Colony s Elizabethan Faire! The Coastland
Times 13 Aug. 2002: A5.
To Premiere New Costume Aug. 17. The Coastland
Times 15 Aug. 2002: A1+. Notes: Illustrated.
Virginia Dare Night. The Coastland Times 15 Aug.
2002: A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Gilliam, Josh. Special Reunion As Babies Take Stage
on Lost Colony s Virginia Dare Night. The
Coastland Times 15 Aug. 2002: A4.
Freeman, Darren. Virginia Dare Memorial Bridge to
Open Today. The Virginian-Pilot 16 Aug. 2002:
See News Items, page 22
22 Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter 8 (2002/2003)
Y1+. Notes: Illustrated; Photographer Drew C.
Wilson.
Freeman, Darren. First Crossing Draws a Crowd.
The Virginian-Pilot 17 Aug. 2002: Y1+. Notes:
Illustrated; Photographer Drew C. Wilson.
Kozak, Catherine. High Hopes For Longest Link.
The Virginian-Pilot 17 Aug. 2002: A1+. Notes:
Illustrated; Photographer Drew C. Wilson.
Playwright Green Honored Saturday. The Coastland
Times 18 Aug. 2002: A13.
Freehling, Bill. Bye -Pass Manteo. Outer Banks
Sentinel 18 Aug. 2002: A1+. Notes: Illustrated;
Photographer Bill Freehling.
Freehling, Bill. Driving Mike Easley. Outer Banks
Sentinel 18 Aug. 2002: A1. Notes: Captioned
photograph.
Garrett, N. Leading the Way. The Coastland Times 18
Aug. 2002: A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Neill, Bowen. A Short History of Dare County s
Virginia Dare. The Coastland Times 18 Aug. 2002:
A13.
Schulty, Dave. Thousands Turn Out to Cross New
Virginia Dare Bridge. The Coastland Times 18 Aug.
2002: A1+. Notes: Captioned photograph;
Photographer N. Garrett..
Garrett, Noah. Another Link to the Land of
Beginnings. The Coastland Times 20 Aug. 2002: B1.
Notes: Photo essay.
Garrett, Noah. Dare s New Bridge, Welcome Center
Goes Public. The Coastland Times 25 Aug. 2002:
B1. Notes: Photo essay.
Gilliam, J. Look! We re Virginia Dare. The Coastland
Times 25 Aug. 2002: A3. Notes: Captioned
photograph.
Gilliam, J. Wide Awake. The Coastland Times 25 Aug.
2002: A2. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Norris, Kelly. Optimism Prevails As Season Finishes
for The Lost Colony. The Coastland Times 27 Aug.
2002: A1+.
September 2002
Tucker, George. Fanciful Legend Guesses at Virginia
Dare s Fate. The Virginian-Pilot 1 Sept. 2002: B3.
Notes: Illustrated.
Kozak, Catherine. The Quest For The Lost Colony
Ring. The Virginian-Pilot 3 Sept. 2002: B1+. Notes:
Illustrated; Photographer Drew C. Wilson.
Priestley, Kent. A Regal Romp on Roanoke Island.
The Coastland Times 8 Sept. 2002: B1. Notes: Photo
essay.
Garrett, Noah. Giving History Lessons. The
Coastland Times 19 Sept. 2002: A1. Notes: Captioned
News Items continued from page 21
Constitution. Gerdeen Dyer, in The Dare Stones
Mystery (19 April 1987: M6), notes that replicas of
some of the stones were featured in Georgia s exhibit at
the New York World s Fair in 1940. Soon after the
World s Fair the stones began to be seen as a hoax and,
therefore, the replica stones would have lost their value.
Given that his stone was found somewhere in New York,
it is possible that Horrillo has the copy of the first stone
used at the World s Fair, but without further
examination, it is impossible to know.
In addition to pictures of the stone, Horrillo also
includes Sparke s article; a chapter from the book A
Witness for Eleanor Dare, by John W. White (San
Francisco: Lexikos Publishing, 1991) that counters
Sparke s article; and a clip from the 1977 episode of the
TV program In Search of . . . concerning the Dare Stones.
Discussions of the stone were held on several
Usenet lists that Horrillo posted to, including
<soc.history.ancient>, <sci.archaeology.moderated>,
<sci.lang.translation>, and <soc.genealogy.britain> in
October and November 2002. Archives of <soc.
genealogy.britain> (under the names Alt-Genealogy-L,
Genbrit-L, and Old-English-L) are available on the World
Wide Web through RootsWeb.com. <Soc.history.ancient>,
<sci.lang.translation>, and <sci. archaeology.
moderated> archives are available through Google s
Groups category. Among the headings for these
postings are Who Can Translate Old English? and
Website of Virginia Dare s alleged Tombstone is Up.
In addition, there were some 1999 discussions on
newsgroups such as <alt.usage.english>, <sci.
archaeology>, <soc.history.medieval>, and <alt.
history>, whose archives are available through Google s
Groups under headings such as How To Sell and
Authenticate Virginia Dare s Tombstone.
Dare Stone continued from page 8
photograph.
Semans, Sandy. Lost Colony Found? Outer Banks
Sentinel 29 Sept. 2002: A1. Notes: Illustrated;
Photographer Sandy Semans.
October 2002
Priestley, Kent. Solid Support. The Coastland Times 3
Oct. 2002: A1. Notes: Captioned photograph.
Priestley, Kent. The Mother Vine: Roanoke Island s
Fabled Grape Maker. The Coastland Times 6 Oct.
2002: B1. Notes: Photo essay.
Priestley, Kent. Courthouse Attic Reveals
Treasures. The Coastland Times 17 Oct. 2002:
A1+. Notes: Illustrated; Photographer Kent
Priestley.
Holmes, Stephanie. Fear, Fiends, Fun Slated for
Waterside. Outer Banks Sentinel 20 Oct. 2002: B5.
Notes: Illustrated; Photographer Stephanie H.
Holm.
Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter 8 (2002/2003) 23
Roanoke Colonies
Research Newsletter
Editor
E. Thomson Shields, Jr., East Carolina University
Graduate Assistants
Annie Fuller, East Carolina University
Marshall Page, East Carolina University
Brad Williams, East Carolina University
* * *
Roanoke Colonies Research Office
Advisory Committee
Louis De Vorsey, Jr., Emeritus, University of Georgia
Karen Kupperman, New York University
Thomas C. Parramore, Emeritus, Meredith College
David Phelps, Emeritus, East Carolina University
William S. Powell, Emeritus, University of North
Carolina at Chapel Hill
David Stick, Independent Scholar, Kitty Hawk, North
Carolina
* * *
Roanoke Colonies Research Office
c/o Department of English
East Carolina University
Greenville, NC 27858-4353
E-mail: ShieldsE@mail.ecu.edu
Telephone: (252) 328-6715
Fax: (252) 328-4889
World Wide Web: http://www.ecu.edu/rcro
* * *
From the Editor . . .
The Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter is published
yearly. Its purpose is to inform scholars in various
fields related to the 1580s English colonization attempts
in North America about research, publications, events,
and other news of interest. The editors accept notices
of publications and events, information from individual
scholars on their own research projects, and notes
concerning new findings connected to the Roanoke
colonization efforts. Notes should be no more than 500
words in length. The editors solicit articles on subjects
they believe fit within the context of the newsletter;
ideas for article subjects are also accepted.
After a hiatus, the Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter is back in
publication. There is one major change in the newsletter, moving
from a twice-a-year to a once-a-year publication. The format will
remain the same, though a bit longer, including our main features,
such as the annual checklists of Roanoke colonization-related
publications and newspaper articles. We will also continue to cover
items related to the Roanoke colonization efforts of the English in
the 1580s coming from academia and popular culture. Please
continue to send us items for inclusion, especially those that are
in unlikely sources that we may otherwise miss.
Not out yet, but forthcoming, most likely in the winter of 2003-
2004, is Searching for the Roanoke Colonies: An Interdisciplinary
Collection, edited by E. Thomson Shields Jr. and Charles R. Ewen.
Being published by the Historical Publications Section of the North
Carolina Office of Archives and History, the collection includes
essays based on presentations from the 1993 Roanoke Decoded
symposium and the 1998 Roanoke Colonization: An
Interdisciplinary Conference as well as a few essays not
presented at either gathering. Areas represented include literature,
history, and archaeology. Of special note is what may be David
Beers Quinn s last published original essay, Investment in the
Roanoke Colonies and Its Consequences, based on his
presentation at the 1993 symposium.
The North Carolina Historical Review has made several of its past
articles on colonial North Carolina available through its web site
<http://www.ah.dcr.state.nc.us/sections/hp/colonial/Nchr/
Subjects/>. At least three of the available articles are of interest to
people examining Roanoke colonization-related subjects. Included
are William S. Powell s 1973 Creatures of Carolina from Roanoke
Island to Purgatory Mountain ; Ruth Y. Wetmore s 1979 The Role
of the Indian in North Carolina History ; and Powell s 1957
Roanoke Colonists and Explorers: An Attempt at Identification.
This last article Powell updated and published as Who Were the
Roanoke Colonists? in the volume Raleigh and Quinn: The Explorer
and His Boswell (1987). It has been updated once more as Who
Came to Roanoke, which was presented along with The Search
for Ananias Dare at the 1993 Roanoke Decoded symposium,
both of which are included in the forthcoming Searching for the
Roanoke Colonies.
Keep your eyes open over the next year or so for several possible
television productions about Roanoke colonization. At least three
production companies from both the United States and England
have contacted people with connections to Roanoke colonization-
related studies about possible documentaries.
Congratulations to Lawrence Keech of the Washington Daily News
from Washington, North Carolina. His series of eight articles
published between May 26 and July 7, 2002, on various issues
surrounding the Roanoke colonies of the 1580s helped Keech to
be named one of Presstime Magazine s 20 Under 40, which honors
rising newspaper professionals.
24 Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter 8 (2002/2003)
nnouncements
Let Us Know What You re Up To
One of the most important purposes of the Roanoke Colonies Research
Newsletter is to let people researching Roanoke Island colonization
and similar topics know other researchers are doing. Tell us about the
work you have completed, are continuing with, or have just begun.
Name
Address
Subjects I am Presently Researching
Recent Publications, Presentations, etc.
Mail to:
E. Thomson Shields, Jr.
Roanoke Colonies Research Office
c/o Department of English
East Carolina University
Greenville, NC 27858-4353
Or e-mail to ShieldsE@mail.ecu.edu
Thomas Harriot
College of Arts and Sciences
Condita MCMIX
The Roanoke Colonies Research Office
is part of the Institute for Historical and
Cultural Research and is housed in the
Thomas Harriot College of Arts and
Sciences, founded in 1909.
350 copies of this document were produced
at a cost of $440.50, or $1.26 per copy.
& Queries
Not mentioned above, but to receive more attention in
the next issue of the Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter,
is Laurence Avery s new edition of Paul Green s
symphonic drama The Lost Colony (Chapel Hill: U of
North Carolina P, 2001). Available as a paperback, Avery
adds an introduction which, among other things,
describes his experiences observing behind the scenes
at a production of the drama. Avery also addresses the
problems in deciding on a base text for a drama that
went through and continues to go through changes on
a regular basis.
Carter Hudgins, formerly with the Jamestown
Rediscovery project, is now working on his PhD at Royal
Holloway, University of London. His doctoral research
concerns Elizabethan copper industries and their
relationship with New World settlement ventures. He
is interested in locating materials about the excavations
done at the Fort Raleigh National Historic site,
particularly copper and brass finds, as well as any
material related to metallurgical production and or
experamentation. Hudgins can be contacted at
<C.Hudgins@rhul.ac.uk>.
A new publication, Early American Studies: An
Interdisciplinary Journal, is being published
semiannually by the McNeil Center for Early American
Studies. The journal will offer a sampling of recent work
presented at the Center s programs along with
occasional pieces commissioned to survey important
aspects in history, literary studies, art history and
material culture, and other fields examining America
before 1850. Of interest to those examining Roanoke
colonization is the article Mapping and Inter-Cultural
Contacts in Eastern North America, 1580-1650, by
Cynthia Van Zandt, scheduled to be published in the
Fall 2003 issue. For subscription and other information,
contact the McNeil Center for Early American Studies,
University of Pennsylvania, 3619 Locust Walk, 3d Floor,
Philadelphia, PA 19104-6213, or access the center s web
site at <http://www.mceas.org/index.html>.
Additionally, the McNeil Center for Early American
Studies will be holding a conference entitled Lost
Colonies on March 26-27, 2004. The conference will
focus on the many cases in which European colonial
enterprises did not achieve their purpose between 1450
and 1850. Though the deadline for the call for papers
has passed, people interested in attending can find out
more through the center s web site at <http://
www.mceas.org/index.html>.
The Forum on European Expansion and Global
Interaction (F.E.E.G.I.) will hold its next meeting at the
John Carter Brown Library in Providence, Rhode Island,
on February 20-21, 2004. For more information, see the
F.E.E.G.I. website at <www.yorku.ca/nhp/feegi/>.
Object Description
Description
| Title | Roanoke colonies research newsletter |
| Date | 2002; 2003 |
| Description | Volume 8, (2002/2003) |
| Digital Characteristics-A | 688 KB; 24 p. |
| Digital Format |
application/pdf |
| Pres File Name-M | pubs_serial_roanokecoloniesresearch20022003.pdf |
| Pres Local File Path-M | \Preservation_content\StatePubs\pubs_borndigital\images_master\ |
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Research Newsletter Volume 8 2002/2003 Roanoke Colonies Inside: David Beers Quinn (1909-2002) Dean of Roanoke Colonization Studies by E. Thomson Shields, Jr., Roanoke Colonies Research Office On March 19, 2002, David Beers Quinn passed away at the age of 92. Quinn arguably created the modern study of the Roanoke colonization efforts by the English. At least as early as the publication of Raleigh and the British Empire in 1947, he began a long career of publishing on Roanoke coloniza- tion-related subjects that most recently saw the 1998 publication of European Approaches to North America, 1450-1640, a collection of his essays on North American exploration. Quinn s legacy will even continue with one last article to be published, part of In Search of the Roanoke Colonies, the forthcoming volume I have edited with Charles Ewen. Having begun his career studying Irish history and English colonization of Ireland, Quinn connected that colonization effort to the wider English attempts to set up other colonies in the Atlantic world, then went on to become one of the most prolific scholars on European colonization of the New World. Quinn s work on Roanoke colonization was among his most important. His 1955 collection of primary documents for the Hakluyt Society, The Roanoke Voyages, 1584-90, continues to be the standard edition for most of the documents. His editing work on Roanoke colonization and other European colonization efforts led to the monumental five volume New American World: A Documentary History of North America to 1612, published in 1979. Additionally, Quinn made available facsimile editions of many of the works of Richard Hakluyt, including a 1968 edition of Hakluyt s 1582 Divers Voyages, a 1965 edition of Hakluyt s 1589 edition of The Principall Navigations, Voiages, and Discoueries of the English Nation, and a 1993 edition of Hakluyt s 1584 Discourse of Western Planting. Quinn was not known just an editor. His own 1985 Set Fair for Roanoke remains the standard history of the Roanoke colonization efforts of the 1580s. Several obituaries and remembrances of Quinn have appeared since his death. Some of those available through the world wide web are H. G. Jones s remembrance of Quinn written originally on the occasion of Quinn s being made a fellow of the Society of the History of Discoveries, as well as the obituaries from the British newspapers the Guardian and The Independent. Other obituaries that help provide a richer picture of Quinn than many people may know about are from the Times of London and the Irish Times, both available through the newspapers online archive sites. (See page 4 for more information.) Additionally, William and Mary Quarterly is planning a tribute to Quinn in an upcoming issue. With this issue, the Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter starts a new pub- lishing schedule, shifting from twice yearly publication to once a year. b Review of Big Chief Elizabeth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 b The Elizabethan Gardens Turn Fifty . . . . . . . . . . . .5 b Recent Lost Colony Theories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 b Website on the Eleanore Dare Stones . . . . . . . . . . 8 b Roanoke Colonization-Related Publications . . . . 9 b Roanoke Colonization-Related News Items . . . . 11 2 Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter 8 (2002/2003) Virginia Dare Wins Out in Bridge Naming Debate by Marshall P. Page The Virginia Dare Memorial Bridge connecting Manns Harbor and Roanoke Island opened on August 16, 2002, when actor Andy Griffith s vintage 1935 Packard led a local motorcade across the Croatan Sound. North Carolina Governor Mike Easley rode alongsode Griffith after dedicating the project in the name of the first English born child in America. An actress portraying Queen Elizabeth I and other cast members from The Lost Colony were in attendance, including seven-month-old Alyse Stewart as Virginia Dare. The naming process engendered some local controversy. The Roanoke Island Historical Association, managers of The Lost Colony, petitioned Dare County officials to honor Virginia Dare after local state Senator Marc Basnight had previously refused the distinction. Andy Griffith s name was also suggested for his long time connection to the area and the state. Other names proposed included Reginald A. Fessenden, an inventor who was the first person to transmit music by radio waves, sending them from Buxton to Roanoke Island in an experiment in 1902. He was the first to transmit both voice and music in a 1908 Christmas Eve broadcast. Opinion supported the RIHA s recommendation of Virginia Dare, and Dare County commissioners passed a resolution to honor the significant place her birth has given our area in the pages of history, which will remain and be remembered for generations to come. The same day that the county sent a resolution to the Department of Transportation in favor of Virginia Dare, the town of Manteo passed a measure nominating Captain Richard Etheridge. After fighting in the Union s colored infantry in the Civil War, Etheridge ran the first African American-staffed life saving station in the country, at Pea Island. Some Manteo officials expressed the opinion that the Lost Colony was overused subject matter and that heritage in other areas was being ignored. The state DOT does not intervene in local disputes about naming. Petitions were circulated for The Lost Colony Today by Marshall P. Page The nation s premier outdoor drama has long encountered the pressure of both keeping with tradition while modernizing and innovating. The tenure of directors has ranged from one to twenty years in the 65 seasons of production. Terrance Mann accepted the reins in 2001, and expectations have grown ever since. Mann is a Tony-nominated actor who began his career with The Lost Colony under Joe Layton in the 1970 s. Local historians and purists welcomed Mann s return to Layton s traditional approach to Paul Green s script. Mann s predecessor, Drew Scott Harris, received some criticism for his emphasis on cultural conflict and the human drama found in the relationship of Eleanor Dare and John Borden. An ad campaign entitled Heroic Hearts and History was launched showing the couple in a passionate embrace. A kiss was added between Eleanor and John, the historical narrator was cut, and Roanoke Island residents scorned other innovations, such as a comedic bear. Despite successful advertising that drew attention from the Associated Press, National Public Radio, and The New York Times, more than a week of rain cancellations led to significant loss of revenue in 2000. Harris resigned after the season closed, as did CEO Patricia Baum Salgado. Despite her resignation, Salgado was given credit for lowering the productions debt from $600,000 to $200,000. Several elements of production were altered before the 2001 season. The role of CEO was divided into two positions. Scott Dowd was hired as executive manager for financial affairs and Rhoda Dresken for the position of executive production coordinator. Dresken, familiar to the area as Joe Layton s manager in the 70 s and 80 s, works closely with the director on the creative side of the play. Terrence Mann s desire was to infuse traditional style with new production quality. William Ivey Long and John Walker returned, bringing years of experience in The Lost Colony and on Broadway. Long is a Tony award-winning costume designer, recognized in 2002 by the Southeastern Theater Conference with a Distinguished Career Award. Walker is a choreogra- pher and formerly a New York City Opera Ballet dancer. Mentors such as these draw local and national talent, a balance that Mann desires. Numerous articles in the local newspapers every spring continue to encourage auditioning by residents of the Outer Banks. Robert Midgette, a teacher in Manteo, has played the role of Manteo in the play for 23 years. The 64th season was dedicated to him in recognition of his work and devotion. Midgette represents a proud tradition of regional participation. Several grants in recent years have served to augment salaries and expand casting possibilities. Another draw for potential cast members is the Professional Theater Workshop started by former director Joe Layton. Guest instructors provide classes for the cast and crew in all areas of the theater arts. Recent changes extend across a variety of areas. Mann has reinstalled a historical narrator into the performance. Harris comedic bear has been cut along with Eleanor Dare and John Borden s kiss, leaving their love felt and not seen. Private donations were earmarked for a new lighting system and lighting designer in order to improve visuals. Some action scenes have been enhanced, and new music has been added to the prologue. New ad slogans have included When Will and Wilderness Collide and Last Seen 1587. Producers have shorten the run by a week at the end of the season to accommodate the many college students in the cast and crew, and the free Dare County preview has been extended from one night to a full week. See Bridge, page 6 Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter 8 (2002/2003) 3 Book Review A Swashbuckling History by Richard C. Taylor, East Carolina University See History, page 6 Giles Milton. Big Chief Elizabeth: How England s Adven- turers Gambled and Won The New World. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 2000. Big Chief Elizabeth: The Adventures and Fate of the First English Colonists in America. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2000. Just as Powhatan s men lifted their clubs to separate John Smith s brains from his skull, the chief s beloved daughter Pocahontas threw herself between the clubs and their intended victim and so saved Smith s life. Only in a popular history, where the rules of evidence and history writing are relaxed, can this legend be repeated uncritically. And so Giles Milton in this adventure story aims rather for the legendary yarn, the spell-binding epic, than the precision of academic history. Milton s book begins, aptly enough, with a map: a circular sheet of parchment, once belonging to the explorer Sir Humfrey Gilbert, that represents a mid-sixteenth- century conception of what would later be understood as North America. It is this America of the imagination and the dreamers and scoundrels who pursued its treasure that the author pursues in this narrative. The narrative takes its readers through the myriad of misadventures and false steps that followed in the wake of John Cabot s voyage to North America in 1497 Cabot s discovery of the continent, as Milton puts it. The author is silent on evidence of earlier exploration, and the objection that the savages who lived there yes, he actually uses that term unitalicized throughout Chapter One might also have a claim to discovering the place is unaddressed. The unfortunate Gilbert is the first real protagonist, or anti-hero perhaps, of the story. From the explorer s vantage point, Milton initiates one of the central motifs in the narrative: a kind of adolescent fascination with prurient matters. There is rapturous description of the garments covering the private parts of the comely wives of the cannibal- istic savages whom Gilbert encountered. The reader is treated to a visual representation and vivid description of the native people hacking corpses into juicy gobbets and munch[ing] ravenously on arms and legs. In the explorer s (and author s?) imagination, the reward for surviving the monstrous beasts that stalked America s forest was the nearly inexpressible pleasure of half-naked indigenous women. Of course, the book does develop an appearances versus reality theme, of which the aforementioned Gilbert became a victim lost at sea rather than, as poetic justice might warrant, his becoming one of the juicy gobbets. Several men subsequently compete for leadership of the American project, most prominent among them Sir Walter Ralegh. A long interpolated account of the swashbuckling Ralegh and his flirtation with Queen Elizabeth reviews well-mapped terrain. Ralegh s young acquaintance, Thomas Harriot stands in sharp contrast: a sober and physically unappealing character who nonetheless assumes a central role in Ralegh s colonizing ambitions. The landing in Roanoke and the encounter with Manteo, a native of Croatoan, Milton claims, inaugurate the myth of the noble savage. Manteo travels to England, teaches his native tongue to Harriot, and helps inspire further interest in colonial exploration. In spite of soothsayers warning of ill tidings in the year 1585, and one of them predicting a particularly awful year for effeminate persons and those with venereal disease, Ralegh hired Sir Richard Grenville (another swashbuckler a lot of buckles are swashed in this narrative) to lead another expedition westward. After a series of dangerous encounters with the Spanish, the Tiger and the Elizabeth head towards the Outer Banks. Landing on Wococon, Harriot, Grenville, Manteo, Ralph Lane, and the artist John White encounter the native people. White is apparently taken by the partially exposed breasts of the women, as his water- colors reveal. With Manteo leading the way, the group encounters a tribe of superstitious Indians who make a terrifying hullabaloo. Fortunately, one of the women was virtually naked again, the author s principle of selecting narrative detail remains consistent. In the midst of such a scene, and in spite of incredible hardship, Ralph Lane, appointed governor of the settlement, attempts to erect a sandcastle. The narrative then turns to Sir Francis Drake s efforts to rescue the half-starved colony on Roanoke. This section focuses on the intense rivalry between England and Spain, personified by Drake as the piratical nemesis of the Spanish. Harriot, meanwhile, had returned to England, where he published A Briefe and True Report of the New Found Land of Virginia (1588), which reveals his apparent detestation of the aforementioned half-naked indigenous women and the certainty that he was apparently never going to share his eiderdown with a shaven headed maiden. Harriot s book also provides Milton an opportunity to range over a broad spectrum of subjects pertinent to understanding Elizabethan culture. There is a bit of the history of tobacco here, then an account of widespread whoring and drunkenness that apparently occupied the English populace. Milton gives a housewife s day in 4 Roanoke Colonies Research Newsletter 8 (2002/2003) Corolla s horses continue to roam the Currituck shores, providing one of the area s most popular attractions. The Corolla Wild Horse Fund was established in 1989 in order to deal with the inevitable conflicts that arise when a tourist population seeks out wildlife. Vehicles struck several horses in the early 90 s, and ordinances were passed to create public warnings such as Wild Horse Sanctuary and Do Not Feed the Horses. A fence from ocean to sound was erected in 1994, although hardly impregnable, in an effort to separate the horses from the town of Corolla. Outer Banks Conservationists, Inc., managed the fund until 2001, when $75,000 from New York allowed the Corolla Wild Horse Fund the freedom to incorporate, establish an office, and hire two part-time directors, Gene and Donna Snow. The improvements were substantial considering the struggle encountered when volunteers attempted to round up rogue horses. The Fifth Avenue source of the endowment was the William H. Donner Foundation. Donner, who died in 1953, was an industrialist who made his fortune in steel and tin. A descendant of Donner and a member of the foundation s board began offering grants after hearing about Little Red Man, a rebellious stallion who contin- ued to escape from the refuge and return to the lawns and trashcans of Corolla. The indefatigable Little Red Man was eventually moved to Dews Island in Currituck Sound with several other horses from the herd. The rest of the herd roams some 15,000 acres of the northern beaches of Currituck County and often cross the Virginia state line into False Cape State Park and Back Bay National Wildlife Refuge. The Snows are called whenever strays show up in populated areas of Virginia Beach. A limit of 60 horses in the herd was established in 2000 as a result of a management plan to balance ecological concerns. In late fall of 2001, four horses and a mule were found shot to death, and the Wild Horse Fund found itself in the unenviable position of offering reward money for information. Then, in 2002, excess horses were first put up for adoption. The price per horse was $600 and a comfortable, caring environment. Opinions are divided as to the origins of the horses. Purists will argue that the term wild is inappropriate because the once domesticated status of the herd defines them as feral. Conservationists may wonder how many generations must be born wild in order to obtain the distintion of being called wild. Many people look for the horses origin in the history of the sixteenth-century Spanish explorers of coastal North Carolina. Livestock would have likely accompanied the men: cattle, sheep, pigs, and horses bred in Puerto Rico. Some of the horses may have been abandoned while others could have made the final leg of their journey swimming ashore after a shipwreck. Additional possible Where the Feral Horses Roam complexity concerning the horses identity was fueled by a symposium in 1993 when enthusiasts proposed that Banker horses had developed into a new species after several centuries of isolation. DNA tests a few years later by Gus Cothran of the University of Kentucky proved that such a genetic change was impossible in that time span and found that the Banker horses were more akin to New World breeds than the original Spanish stock. The theory suggests that the horses were abandoned much later than the time of the Spanish or Roanoke colonists. However, the Corolla Wild Horse Fund s patronage does not depend on any official wildlife status, and the Snows will continue to champion the herd regardless of its lineage. David Beers Quinn: Remembrances and Obituaries Available Online Professor David Quinn. The Times [London] 22 April 2002: 38. (Available for a fee online through The Times and The Sunday Times Archive at |
| OCLC number | 29870236 |
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