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BULLETIN
NORTH CAROLINA ROARD OF HEALTH.
Published Monthly at the Office of the Secretary of the Board, at Wilmington, N. C.
SUBSCRIPTION FIFTY CENTS^A YEAR.
H. T. Bahnson, M. D., /'/vj.,. Salem.
R. H. Lewis, M. D.,... ..Raleigh.
J. M. Baker, M. D., Tarboro.
J. A. Hodges, M. D., Fayetteville.
S. Westray Battle, M. D.,. .. Asheville.
J. H. Tucker, M. D., Henderson.
Prof. F. P. Venable, Chapel Hill.
J. L. Ludlow, C. E., . Winston.
Thomas F. Wood, M. D., Secretary and Treasurer, Wilmington.
Entered at the post-office at Wilmmgton, N. C, as second-class mail matter.
Vol. VII. APRIL, 1892. No.
Contamination of River Water--courses--An
Epidemic of Typhoid Fever.
The excessive prevalence of fever at Lowell,
and other points on the Merrimac River, has;
led the municipal authorities of that city to
institute an investigation into the water supply
and other suspected fever causes, which has
brought out some most interesting and signifi-cant
revelations. The report on this subject,
as made by Prof. W. T. Sedgwick, Biologist to
the State Board of Health of Massachusetts,
appears to be an exceptionally clear and forcible
document. It was published in two of the
April numbers of the Boston Medical and Sur-gical
Journal. After considering the relations
of the excessive typhoid rate and mortality with
the milk supply, and excluding that as a proba-able
source of danger, the author fixes his at-tention
upon the drinking water of the city,
which has for many years been chiefly drawn
from the Merrimac River. The writer shows
by tables that the two cities of Lowell and
Lawrence, both getting water from the same
river, have been grave sufferers from fever, far
beyond most of the other cities of the same State.
In Lowell, there were, in i88q, 85.8 deaths by
typhoid fever in each 100,000 of the population,
while in 1890 the rate exceeded 158 under the
same census. In Lawrence the rate was higher
in 1889, 124.2 per 100,000, than in Lowell ;
but in 1890, it rose to a less extent than in the
adjoining city, namely, to 125. 4 per 100,000.
The tables also show that the cities of Man-chester
and Haverhill, although having many
climatic and general conditions in common with
Lowell and Lawrence, and although suffering
to some extent from fever, have not, in either
1889 or 1890, approached, even when at their
worst state, within 38.7 per loo.ooo of the
lowest datum above given in regard to the city
of Lowell. These facts have led to the conclu-sion
that the cause of the recent epidemic could
not be discovered in any general or climatic
conditions. So, too, the fact that the two cities
suffering the most severely, but only in respect
of typhoid fever, excluded the idea of purely local
influences. But a more positive proof of the
suspected infected water supply was sought for
and, it is believed, obtained beyond peradven-
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BORAD OF HEALTH.
ture, in the discovery of distinct typhoidal pol-lution
of Stony Brook, an important affluent
of the Merrimac. Prof. Sedgwick was enabled
to locate the occurrence of fever cases in
August, September and October, 1890, the ex-creta
from which, a part of the time at least,
were discharged into the stream by means of a
privy so built as to overhang the water. A
heliotype illustration accompanies the report,
showing the grossly unsanitary privy arrange-ments
belonging to a foundry at which one or
more of the typhoid cases worked during the
time when diarrhrea was an urgent symptom.
The illustration shows a frame structure, built
on a staging expressly designed to secure the
dropping of all excreta from the foundry work-men
directly into the running water which, a
few miles below, is known to be the drinking
supply of thousands of fellow-citizens. A
grosser or more culpable sin against the health
of a populous community could scarcely be por-trayed
by any other wood cut of the same di-mensions—
about one-third of a page in size.
It is almost as outspoken a charge against the
fidelity of the local health officials as if they
had been visited with an indictment of the
Grand Jury, and reminds us of some of the out-line
drawings of Pridgen Teale's primer on
Dangers to Health, published about twenty
years ago.
No sanitarian who is engaged in teaching or
in lecturing upon the prevention of infectious
diseases, can afford to be without a copy of this
instructive picture. The point of difficulty in
the proof of propositions of the reporter is seen
in the finding of the polluting cases just a little
anterior iri time to the outburst of the fever;
and this the investigation has been apparently
enabled satisfactorily to clear up by fixing the
appearance of four cases of fever along the
banks of Stony Brook during a period of two
months before the aggravation of the epidemic
within the cities that took their water supplies,
in part, from that polluted stream. Of the
precise conditions of the drinking water of
Lowell during the epidemic, the author of the
report cannot speak ; but it is a most signifi-cant
fact, as he points out, that within one
month after the time of infection of one of the
foundry cases, an epidemic of typhoid fever in
Lowell rose very rapidly, culminated, and be-gan
to decline. Within that same month there
was also the greatest mortality of any month
during the year, namely, thirty deaths from
typhoid fever. There was a typhoid mortality
in Lowell during each one of the earlier months
of the year, some of which mortality may be
traceable to the earlier Stony Brook cases ; the
later phases of an epidemic description may
have their explanation in an infection of the
reservoir and supply pipes of the city itself,
also by secondary infection from person to per-son,
which is always a feature of typhoid epi-demics.
The sluggish decline after New Year's day,
1891, registered upon the diagrams of monthly
mortality, is explicable by the recurrent crops of
secondary infections which are inevitable to
such epidemics ; and the periodic fluctuations
in the weekly mortality curve were probably
due to the same kind of reinforcements. In
support of this view, the author calls attention
to the fact that the elevations occur at intervals,
equal to the incubation period of typhoid fever,
namely, every two weeks—afresh crop of cases
springing up every fortnight.
The report concludes by saying that in the
absence of any other sufficient source of con-tamination
of the drinking water used by the
people, the responsibility for the epidemic must
naturally be ascribed to the undoubted infection
of Stony Brook, three miles above Lowell; and
it may be remarked that the villages bordering
on that brook have never in forty years, had so
many cases of fever, liable to infect the stream,
as in the past two years. The fever epidemics
of both Lowell and Lawrence can thus be com-pletely
and satisfactorily accounted for, as
well as the constant excess of their typhoid
rate, from which both of these cities have long
suffered. There is. says the report, good rea-son
to believe that the germs of the fever have
been carried alive and virulent that three miles
from Stony Brook to Lowell, and nine miles
further from Lowell to Lawrence ; and perhaps
under favorable conditions, these germs may
havebeen transported from Manchester, N. H.,
or even more distant points, arriving at Lowell,
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH.
live and virulent, so that until a new source of
supply shall have been obtained, the water
taken from the Merrimac River must be regard-ed
as a menace to health, both constant and
serious. Numerous bacteriological examina-tions
were made of the Merrimac River water
during the latter end of the epidemic ; but at
no time was the investigator able to isolate the
bacillus of typhoid fever. It would doubtless
have been different had the examinations been
undertaken at an earlier stage of the stream's
infection.
—
Journal American Medical Asso-ciation.
Summary of Mortuary Reports for March, 1 892.
(seventeen towns.)
White. Col'd. Total.
Aggregate population. 49,100 40,600 89,700
Aggregate deaths . 61 69 130
Representing an annual
death-rate per 1,000, 149 20.4 17.4
Deaths under 5 years old, 47
Causes of death.
Malarial fever 01 i
Typhoid fever 2 2
Measles 20 2
Pneumonia. 12 7 19
Consumption 7 11 18
Brain diseases 4 o 4
Heart diseases 72 9
Neurotic diseases... 13 4
Diarrhceal diseases 13 4
All other diseases 21 33 54
Accident I o i
Still-born 3 9 12
61 69 130
Review of Diseases for March, 1892.
Brain-fever—Was reported from Caswell.
Bronchitis—From Edgecombe, Haywood,
Johnston, Lincoln, Lenoir, Orange, Rowan,
Sampson and Wayne—q counties.
Chicken-pox—From Caswell.
Cholera {hog)—From Pender, Pitt, Randolph
and Sampson.
Consumption—From Onslow.
Diphtheria—From Nash, New Hanover,
Stokes and Wake.
Distemper—From Randolph.
Dysentery—From Onslow.
Erysipelas From Pitt.
Influenza or La Grippe—From Alexander,
Carteret, Catawba, Edgecombe, Greene, Jack-son,
McDowell, Mitchell, Montgomery, New
Hanover, Onslow, Pender, Pitt, Rowan, Samp-son,
Watauga and Yancey—17 counties.
Malarial Fever—From Guilford and Ons-low.
Measles—From Caldwell, Carteret, Caswell,
Cleveland, Columbus, Duplin, Edgecombe,
Franklin, Granville, Greene, Henderson, Le-noir,
Montgomery, Nash, New Hanover, Ons-low,
Pitt, Randolph, Sampson, Stokes, Union,
Wayne and Wilson—23 counties.
Mufnps—From Alexander.
Pneumonia—From Alexander, Cherokee,
Cleveland, Durham, Edgecombe, Greene,
Guilford, Haywood Lincoln, McDowell, Nash,
Pitt, Rowan, Sampson, Stokes, Union, Watau-ga,
and Wayne—18 counties.
Roseola—From Haywood.
Scarlatina—From Montgomery and Wake.
Typhoid Fever—From Buike, Granville,
New Hanover, Pitt and Randolph—5 counties.
Tonsillitis—From Orange.
Whooping-cough—From Alexander, Burke,
Caldwell, Catawba, Franklin, Granville, Ire-dell,
Nash, New Hanover, Sampson, Wayne
and Wilson—12 counties.
Summary of Reports from County Superinten-dents
of Health for March, J 892.
Alamance — Dr. G. W. Long, Graham.
Nothing regardingprevailing diseases. Plans are
now on foot for the erection of new and more
modern buildings for the Home. Judge Whit-aker
delivered a charge to the grand jury of
our las* Court well calculated to cultivaie an
enlightened public sentiment in favor of sani-tary
reform.
Alexander—Dr. J. B. Watts, Taylorsville.
Mumps, whooping-cough, la grippe and pneu-monia
were the prevailing diseases during the
past month. The sanitary condition of the
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH.
county has been very good. ^That of ^the pub-lic
buildings is about the same as at the last
report, with no efforts at improvement.
Alleghany—No Board of Health.
Anson—Dr. E. F. Ashe, Wadesboro. No
report.
Ashe—No Board of Health.
Beaufort—Dr. S. T. Nicholson, Washing-ton.
No report.
Bertie—No Board of Health.
Bladen—Dr. N. Robinson, Elizabelhtown.
No report.
Brunswick—No Board of Health.
Buncombe—Dr. H. B. Weaver, Asheville.
No report.
Burke—Dr. J. L. Laxton, Morganton. There
have been reported two cases of whooping-cough
and one of typhoid fever. The sanitary con-dition
of the county is about the same as usual.
There is very little sickness in the county. The
case of typhoid was imported from Tennessee.
The sanitary condition of the public buildings
is as good as it can be made with such build-ings.
Cabarrus—No Board of Health,
Caldwell—Dr. A. A. Kent, Lenoir. Three
cases of measles and ten of whooping-cough
are all there is to report. The sanitary condi-tion
of the county is unusually good, the above
named diseases with a few cases oi la grippehtxng
all. New sewer-pipes have been put into the
jail, rendering the sanitary condition better.
That of the poor-house is good.
Camden—No Board of Health.
Carteret—Dr. M. F. Arendell, Morehead
City. Measles has prevailed moderately. The
sanitary condition of the county is very good.
We have had la g'-ippe generally in the county,
but there have been very few fatal cases.
Caswell—Dr. R. H. Williamson, Yancey-ville.
Chicken-pox, measles, and brain fever,
with children, have prevailed. The .sanitary
condition of the county is good; also that of
the public buddings.
Catawba— Dr. G. H. West, Newton. La
grippe has prevailed in this vicinity, and there
have been reported a few cases of whooping-cough.
The sanitary condition of the public
buildings is about the same as last reported.
Chatham—Dr. fl. T. Chapin, Pittsboro.
No report.
Cherokee—Dr. J. F. Abernathy, Murphy.
With the exception of a few cases of pneumo-nia
the county is free from epidemic or con-tagious
diseases. The public buildings are all
in fair sanitary condition. The hospital and
jail are under good sanitary discipline.
Chowan—No Board of Health.
Clay—Ho Board of Hfalth,
Cleveland—Dr. O. P. Gardner, Shelby.
Measles, la grippe and pneumonia have pre-vailed
in all portions of the county. The sani-tary
condition of the county is good; also that
of the public buildings.
Columbus—Dr. I. Jackson, Whiteville. The
sanitary condition of the county is good. A
few cases of measles have been reported. Out-side
of catarrhal troubles there has been very
little sickness in the county. The sanitary
condition of the public buildings is good.
Craven—Dr. L. Duffy, New Berne. No
report.
Cumberland—Dr. J. H. Mar.-h, Fayette-ville.
The sanitary condition of the county is
good; that of the public buildings is tolerably
good. Some improvements are being made at
the poor-house.
Currituck—No Board of Health.
Dai-e—No Board of Health.
Davidson—Dr. R. L, Payne, Jr.. Lexing-ton.
No report.
Davie—No Board of Health.
Duplin—Dr. J. W. Blount, Kenansville.
The sanitary condition of the county is good.
There is an epidemic of measles that is spread
over nearly the entire county. The sanitary
condition of the public buildings is fairly good.
Durham—Dr. N. M. Johnson, Durham.
The healthfulness of the county for the month
of March has been as good as usual, though
we have had some pneumonia, etc., resulting
from colds. Sanitary condition of the public
buildings is good.
Edgecombe—Dr. Donald Williams, Tarboro.
Measles has prevailed in all parts of the county.
Since October, influenza has prevailed in all
parts with its dangerous sequelae—pneumonia
and bronchitis. These latter have told very
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH. 5
heavily on the aged and infirm; the death-rate
has been in consequence very high. The sani-tary
condition of the public buildings is very
good.
Forsyth—Dr. D. N. Dallon, Winston. No
report.
Franklin—Dr. E. S. Foster, Louisburg.
Measles and whooping-cough have been and
still are prevailing very extensively in all parts
of the county. With these exceptions, the
health of the county is very good. The sani-tary
condition of the public buildings is good.
Gaston—Dr J. H. Jenkins, Dallas. No
report.
Gates—No Board of Health
Graham—No Board of Health.
Granville — Dr. Patrick Booth, Oxford.
There have been reported ten cases of measles,
four of whooping-cough, and two of typhoid
fever. The sanitary condition of the county is
good; that of the public buildings is fair. The
court-house will soon be completed and greatly
improved.
Greene—Dr. E. H Sugg, Snow Hil!. La
grippe has prevailed and several cases of pneu-monia
and measles have been reported. The
sanitary condition of the county is good : also
that of the public buildings.
Guilford—Dr. E. R. Michaux, Greensboro.
The health of the town and county has been
remarkably good—very little sickness indeed.
Some cases of malaria and occasionally of
pneumonia The sanitary condition of the
public buildings is quite good, excepting the
jail. There has been talk of building a new
jail, but no change has yet been made.
Halifax—No Board of Health.
Harnett—No Board of Health.
Haywood—Dr. J. H. Way, W'aynesville.
Roseola has been quite prevalent—very mild
and no complications; pneumonia of mild type,
and bronchitis of moderate severity have pre-vailed.
The sanitary condition of Waynes-ville
is good, and usually so; in the rural dis-tricts
it is a harder matter and the people are
slower to learn the value of sanitary measures.
The poor-house is situated in a remote section
of the cmnty. It ought to be nearer the
county seat, where the inmates could be more
conveniently seen and where they could be
shown (as I think they would) more attention
from the charitably inclined. We are trying
to create a public sentiment in favor of a
change. The County Commissioners, as you
know, move slowly in these matters.
Henderson—Dr. J. L. Egerton, Henderson-ville.
There have been two cases of measles
reported. The sanitary condition of the county
has been good.
Hertford—No Board of Health.
Hyde—No Board of Health.
Iredell— Dr. M. W. Hill, Statesville.
Whooping-cough has prevailed. The sanitary
condition of the county is remarkably good, as
far as I have heard; that of the public build-ings
is good, all things considered. The con-struction
of the jail is very faulty, considered
from a sanitary standpoint.
Jackson—Dr. J. M. Candler, Dillsboro. La
grippe has subsided, and the sanitary condition
of the county is good; that of the public build-ings
is also good.
Johnston — Dr. L. L. Sasser, Smiihfield.
Bronchial troubles have prevailed. The sani-tary
condition of the county is good; that of
the public buildings also is good.
Jones—No Board of Health.
Lenoir— Dr. C. B. Woodley, Kinston.
Measles and bronchitis have prevailed in most
parts of the county.
Lincoln—Dr. W. L. Crouse, Lincolnton.
Pneumonia and bronchial troubles have pre-vailed
in all parts of the county. The health
of the county is better than for any lime in the
past six months. The sanitary condition of
the public buildings is good
Macon—Dr. J. M. Lyle, Franklin. The
sanitary condition of the county is very good;
general cleanliness around dwellings is mani.
festing good results. Diseases arising from the
lack of such measures are disappearing, and
general good health pievails. The sanitary
condition of the poor-house i- good.
Madison—No Board of Health.
Martin—Dr. \V. H. Hairell, Williamston.
No report.
McDowell— Dr. J. H. Giikey, Marion.
La grippe and pneumonia have prevailed in
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLLNA BOARD OF HEALTH.
some parts. Other than this there 'has been
but little sickness. The jail is in a fair sani-tary
condition, and the Home as good as the
nature of the buildings will admit of.
Mecklenburg—No Board of Health.
Mitchell— V)x. C. E. Smith, Bakersville. A
considerable number of la grippe cases have
been reported, but as yet only one death from
the much dreaded disease. The sanitary con-dition
of the county is good. The sanitary
condition is fair at the jail; there has been
some improvement in the alms-house. The
first death in the alms-house for eight years
occurred last month from paralysis.
Montgomery—Y)x. F. E. Asbury, Asbury.
Influenza has prevailed in all parts of the
county. There have been reported eighteen
cases of measles and seven of scarlatina. The
sanitary condition of the county is better than
for some time. The sanitary condition of the
public buildings reflects credit on the keepers
of poor-house and jail.
Moore— \ix. G. McLeod, Carthage. No
report.
]\Jash—Dr. J. J. Mann, Nashville. Measles,
whooping-cough and pneumonia have prevailed
to a great extent. There has been reported a
case of diphtheria. The sanitary condition of
the county is very good; also that of the public
buildings.
New Hanover—Dr . F. W. Potter, Wilming-ton.
There have been reported nineteen cases
of measles, forty-two of whooping-cough, six
of diphtheria, and two of typhoid fever. Influ-enza
has prevailed in many portions of the
county. There has been an epidemic of ca-tarrhal
trouble in horses. The sanitary condi-tion
of the county is good. I have been urging
the necessity of thorough drainage as well as
thorough sanitary policing of the city. Our
health officers complain that it is with consider-able
trouble they can get the scavengers to do
their work properly. I have recommended the
<:ity to select a responsible person to be placed
in charge of the whole matter. The jail is in
fair condition, except that the cemented floor is
breaking up. This will soon be reme'died.
The poor-house is in good condition, except
dampness in the basement, which is to be rem-edied
soon.
NinthatHpton—Dr. H. W. Lewis, Jackson.
No report.
Onslow—Dr. E. L. Cox, Jacksonville. Seven
cases of measles have been reported. There
have occurred some cases of acute consumption,
dysentery, la grippe, and a good many cases of
remittent fever. The sanitary condition of the
public buifdings is fair.
Orange—Dr. D. C. Parris, Hillsboro. Bron-chitis
and tonsillitis have prevailed in all parts
of the county In point of health, the sanitary
condition of the county is not so good. Ton-sillitis
has been severe in character (suppura-tive);
o'her diseases have been mild. A few
cases of rheumatism have occurred. The sani-tary
condition of the public buildings, except
the jail, fairly good; condition of the Home
recently improved in the way of repairs on the
building.
Pamlico—No Board of Health.
Pasquotank—No Board of Health.
Pender— Dr, S. S. Satchwell, Burgaw.
There has been an epidemic of cholera among
hogs. The sanitary condition of the county
improves in proportion as our people improve
in sanitary knowledge. Influenza still con-tinues
in all parts of the county. I am using
every effort to secure better drainage all over
the county as an important factor of health.
Especially am I seeking better drainage and
improved hygiene for our public buildings.
Our authorities are hard to move in this line.
Perquimans—No Board of Health.
Person—No Board of Health.
Pitt—Dr. B T. Cox, Redallia. Measles
and influenza have prevailed in all parts of the
county. There have been a few cases of cholera
among hogs. There was less sickness during
March than in several months. A few cases of
typhoid fever in the section of Farmville. An
occasional case of pneumonia occurs and one
case of erysipelas reported. The sanitary con-dition
of the public buildings is good.
Polk—No Board of. Health.
Randolph — Dr. J. M. Boyette, Ashboro.
Three cases of measles and four of typhoid
fever have been reported. Hog cholera and
distemper in horses have prevailed. The re-ports
of this month slrow a better sanitary con-dition
of the county. The sanitary condition
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH.
of the public buildings is somewhat improved
since my last report.
Richinond—Dr. J. M. Covington, Rocking-ham.
No report.
Robeson—Dr. F. Lewis, Lumberton. There
has been scarcely any .sickness in the county,
and the sanitary condition is good. The court-house
and jail are in good sanitary condition.
The county Home is in a dilapidated condition
five miles from the county seat. Removal to
a nearer point is suggested,
Rockingham—No Board of Health.
Rowan—Dr. J. J. Summerell, Salisbury.
There have been no epidemic diseases reported,
either among the people or domestic animals.
The general health is good. La grippe still
lingers in a mitigated form in some neighbor-hoods.
Cases of pneumonia and bronchitis
have been reported. The sanitary condition of
the public buildings is good.
Rutherford— Dr. W. A. Thompson, Cliff-dale.
The health of the county is much im-proved
since the last report. The sanitary
condition of the county is good; also that of
the public buildings, considering the faulty
construction.
Satnpson—Dr. J. A. S evens, Clinton. In-fluenza,
pneumonia, bronchitis, and a few cases
of whooping cough and measles have been re-ported.
There has been an epidemic of cholera
among hogs The coridition of the jail re-mains
unchanged—its condition is unsanitary^
Our poor-house is in excellent sanitary condi-tion
and well kept,
Stanly—No Board of Health.
Stokes—Dr. J. W. Neal, Meadows. The
sanitary condition of the county is good. There
have been reported three cases of measles, two
of diphtheria, and twenty-five of pneumonia.
The sanitary condition of the public buildings
is good.
Surry—No Board of Health.
Siaain—No Board of Health.
Transylvania—No Board of Health.
Tyrtell^-Dx. .\b. Alexander, Columbia. No
report.
Union — Dr. W. C. Ramsay, Monroe.
Measles, pneumonia, and catarrhal diseases
have prevailed in several parts of the county.
We have had but little sickness in this county
for the past month—measles in some portions,
but not general; pneumonia in one or two sec-tions;
catarrhal diseases general, but mild.
Sanitary condition of the poor-house good; of
the jail bad. The county is preparing to erect
a first-class jail.
Vance—Dr. A. Cheatham, Henderson. The
general health of the county is good, so far as
I can learn. The sanitary condition of the
public buildings is good.
Wake—Dr. James McKee, Raleigh. One
case each of scarlatina and diphtheria reported.
The sanitary condition of the county is very
good; that of the public buildings is good; they
are frequently inspected by the city sanitary
inspector.
Warren—Dr. P. J. Macon, Warrenton. No
report.
Washington—No Board of Health.
Watauga—Dr. W. B. Councill, Boone.
Influenza has prevailed in all parts of the
county. The sanitary condition of the county
is perfectly good in all respects. Both jail and
poor-house are in good condition. Influenza
has prevailed generally, but of a mild type;
very few deaths have occurred—a few old per-sons
have died from pneumonia.
Wayne—Dr. John Spicer, Goldsboro. The
sanitary condition of the county is good.
Measles is still prevailing, but not so exteti-sively
as before. Some pneumonia and bron-chial
troubles, also some whooping-cough re-ported.
Sanitary condition of the public build-ngs
is good.
Wilkes—^o Board of Health.
Wilson — Dr. Albert Anderson, Wilson.
Measles has prevailed in all parts of the county,
and there have been a few cases of whooping-cough.
The sanitary condition of the county
is good; also that of the public buildings.
Yadkin—Dr. T. R. Harding, Yadkinville.
No report.
Yancey—Dr. J. L. Ray, Burnsville. La
grippe has prevailed in many portions of the
county. The sanitary condition of the county
is tolerably good; that of the public buildings
is not very good, and there are no efforts being
made to improve them.
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA HOARD OF HEALTH.
Condition of Jails
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH.
Condition of Jails and Poor-houses by Counties for Marcfi, 1892.—Continued.
10 BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH.
Condition of Jails and Poor-houses by Counties for March, 1S92.—Co7itinued.
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA UOARD OF HEALTH. I I
Mortuary Report for March, 1892.
Towns and
12 KULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH.
^leteorolosrical Summary for Kortli Carolina, march, 1892.
Furnished by the North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station and State Weather Hervice.
H. B. Battle, Ph, D., Director. C. F. von Herrmann, Meteorologist.
STATIONS.
Asheville
Bakersville
Charlotte
Chapel Hill
Douglas
Highlands
Henderson vi lie...
Kitty Hawk
Littleton
Linville
Lenoir ,
Morganton
Mount Airy
Oak Ridge
Pitisboro
Raleigh
Southport
Southern Pines
Salisbury
Weldon
Willeytou
Wilmington.. ..,
TEMPERATURE (Degrees Fahr).
43 2
40.1
47.5
45.4
44.6
38.1
44.1
44.5
44.4
41.9
45.2
46.9
43.6
44.7
43.8
46.6
48.8
47.4
48.1
45.4
44.3
50.1
53 6
51.0
56.4
56.3
56.8
50.2
50.8
51.0
55.6
51.6
51.9
55.3
53.1
51.7
51.6
55.7
55.2
61.4
55.1
54.5
55.6
58.4
32.9
29.2
38.7
34.6
32.8
26.0
37.4
38.1
33.1
32.2
37.8
40.3
34.1
31.8
36.1
37.5
42.5
33.5
41.1
36.3
33.0
41.8
a>
20.7
21.8
17.7
21.7
24.0
24.2
13.4
12.9
22.5
19.4
14.1
15.0
19.0
19.9
15.5
18.2
12.7
27.9
14.0
18.2
22.6
16.6
66.9
76.7
73.6
No. OF Days
73.8
3.07
1.31
4.05
2.74
2.27
6.90
3.65
2.88
3.23
2.01
2.90
3.45
1.86
3.10
2.40
3.29
3.72
3.35
3.31
2 70
2.35
2.69
10
9 12
S. &
S. E.
W.
11 E.
S.W.
N.W.
N.W.
S.W.
N.W.
6
BU LLETIN
NORTH Carolina"' BOARD of health.
Published Monthly at the Office of the Secretary of the Board, at Wilmington, N. C.
SUBSCRIPTION FIFTY CENTS A YEAR.
H. T. Bahnson,
14 BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH.
Summary of Mortuary Reports for April. 1892.
(nineteen towns.)
White. CoVd. Total.
Aggregate. population. 53,100 43,500 96,600
Aggregate deaths 53 QO 143
Representing an annual
death-rate per 1,000, I1.9 248 17.7
Deaths under 5 years old. 58
Causes of death.
Typhoid fever ... — 2 o 2
Scarlet fever I o i
Malarial fever 12 3
Whooping-cough 2 o 2
Measles o i i
Pneumonia. 6 17 23
Consumption - 2 15 17
Brain diseases 3 4 7
Heart diseases . . 2 4 6
Neurotic diseases . .. 22 4
Diarrhoeal diseases 41 5
All other diseases 25 34 59
Accident --- i i 2
Still-born 2 9 11
53 90 143
Review of Diseases for April, 1892.
Bronchitis— Reported from Caswell, Edge-combe,
Franklin, Lenoir, McDowell. Samp-son
and Wilson—7 counties
Chicken-pox— From Randolph.
Diarrhaa — From Alexander and Sampson.
Diphtheria — From McDowell, Monigomeiy
and Newr Hanover.
Distemper— From Randolph.
Dysentery— From Alamance, Lenoir, Nash,
Richmond and Sampson—5 couniies.
Erysipelas— From Haywood.
Glanders— From Wake.
Ho^ Cholera — From Duplin, Johnston,
Montgomery, Randolph and Sampson — 5
counties.
Influenza — From Montgomery, Pender and
Sampson.
Malarial Fever— From Caswell, Sampson
and Wilson.
Measles— From Alamance, Burke, Caldwell,
Chatham, Cleveland, Columbus, Edgecombe.
Franklin, Granville, Greene, Johnston, Lenoir,
Martin, Montgomery, Nash, New Hanover,
Orange, Randolph, Richmond, Sampson,
Wayne and Wilson—22 counties.
Mumps— From Davidson.
Pneuttionia — From Cherokee, Edgecombe,
Franklin, Henderson, Iredell, McDowell,
Orange, Sampson and Wilson—^9 counties.
Rheumatism — From Caswell, Chc-rnkee and
Orange.
Roseola — From Alamance.
Rotheln — From Davidson and New Han-over.
Scarlatina — From Montgomery.
Tonsillitis — From Orange.
Typhoid Fever— From Catawba, Granville,
Henderson, Macon, Mitchell, New Hanover
and Randolph—7 counties.
Whooping-cough — From Alamance, Alex-ander,
Burke, Caldwell, Carteret, Cumberland,
Davidson, Granville, Greene, Mitchell, Mont-gomery,
Nash. New Hanover, Sampson, Stokes
and Wayne—16 counties.
Summary of Reports from County Superinten-dents
of Health for March, 1892.
Alaviance— Dr. G W. Long, Graham.
There is not a great deal of sickness in the
county except measles, pertussis and roseola,
which have prevailed in an uncomplicated form
and to a limited extent. The new Home for
the Aged is under way.
Alexander— Dr. J. B. Watts, Taylorsville.
Whooping-cough an4 intestinal troubles have
been the prevailing diseases dunng the past
month. The sanitary condition of the county
is remarkably good. That of the public build-ings
is about the same as at the last report, with
no efforts at improvement.
Ashe— No Board of Health.
Alleghany — No Board of Health.
Anson — Dr. E. F. Ashe, Wadesboro No
report.
Beaufort— Dr. S. T. Nicholson. Washing-ton.
No report.
Bertie— No Board of Health.
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH. 15
Bladen — Dr. N. Robinson, Elizabethtown.
No report.
Brunswick — No Board of Health.
Buncombe— Dr. C. E. Hilliard, Asheville,
No diseases of special moment have prevailed
in the county. The sanitary condition of the
county is good. That of the public buildings
is very good.
Burke— Dr. J. L. Laxton, Morganton. A
few cases of measles and whooping-cough have
been reported. The sanitary condition of the
county is good, with very little sickness of any
kind. The sanitary condition of the public
buildings is about the same as at last report.
Cabarrus— No Board of Health.
Caldwell—Dr. A. A. Kent, Lenoir. Measles
and whooping-cough of mild form have pre-vailed
to a limited extent. The sanitary con-dition
of the county is as good as could be
desired. The new sewer pipes have been
placed in the jail and its condition is much
improved. That of the poor-house is good.
Camden — No Board of Health.
Carteret— Dr. M. F. Arendell, Morehead
City. The sanitary condition of the county is
good. The public buildings are old, but com-fortable
and clean.
Caswell— Dr. R. H. Williamson, Yancey-ville.
Rheumatism, bronchitis and remittent
fever have prevailed. The sanitary condition
of the county is good. That of the public
buildings is very good.
Cataivba — Dr. G. H. West, NeAfton.
Whooping-cough has prevailed in Newton and
the vicinity. Four cases of typhoid fever have
been reported. The sanitary condition of the
county, as far as I can learn, is good.
Chatham — V)x. H. T. Chapin, Pittsboro.
The sanitary condition of the county is very
good. The general health of the people is
splendid. A few cases of measles have been
reported. The sanitary condition of the pub-lic
buildings is good. We have one insane
patient at the Home, but application has been
made for his admission to the State Hospital.
Cherokee—Dr. J. F. Abernathy, Murphy.
There have been four or five cases of rheuma-tism
and about as many of pneumonia reported.
There have been no other complaints during
the month. The hospital and jail are in fair
condition. Our town is neat and clean, and
the adjacent country has been improved by
some needed draining of old stagnant ponds.
Chozvan — No Board of Health.
Clay— No Board of Health.
Cleveland— T)x. O. P. Gardner, Shelby.
Eight cases of measles have been reported.
Other than this there have been no diseases of
any importance. The sanitary condition of the
county is good. Also tlwt of the public build-ings.
Columbus — Dr. I. Jackson, Whiteville.
There have been reported only a few cases of
measles. The sanitary condition of the county
and the public buildings is good.
Craven — Dr. Leinster Duffy, New Bern.
No report.
Cumberland— Dr. J. H. Marsh, Fayette-vilie.
Whooping-cough has prevailed in many
portions. The sanitary condition of the county
is good. That of the public buildings js also
good ; some improvements have been made at
the poor-house during the month.
Currituck — No Board of Health.
Da7e— No Board of Health.
Davidson — Dr. R. L. Payne, Jr., Lexing-ton.
Whooping-cough, rotheln and mumps
have prevailed in all parts of the county. The
sanitary condition of the county is fairly good.
The same can be said of the public buildings.
Davie— No Board of Health.
Duplin — Dr. J. W. Blount, Kenansville.
The health of the county is very good, there
being but little sickness of any kind. Hear of
some cases of hog cholera. The sanitary con-dition
of the public buildings is moderately
good.
Durham — Dr. N. M. Johnson, Durham.
The sanitary condition of the county has been
very good. That of the public buildings is also
good.
Edgecombe — Dr. D. Williams, Tarboro.
Measles has prevailed in all parts of the county,
and often complicated with bronchitis and
pneumonia. The death rate has been large.
The sanitary condition of the public buildings
is good.
Franklin — Dr. E, S. Foster, Louisburg.
i6 BULLETIxV OF THE NORTH CAROLIXA BORAD OF H EALTH.
There is no sickness in the county with the
exception of measles, which is sometimes com-plicated
with bronchitis and pneumonia. The
health of our county, so far as I can learn, was
never better.
Forsyth— T>r. D. N. Dalton, Winston. No
report.
Gaston — Dr. J- H. Jenkins, Dallas. No
report.
Gates — No Board of Health.
Graham — No Board of Health.
Granville— V>t. Patrick Booth, Oxford. A
few cases each of measles and whooping-cough
and two of typhoid fever have been reported.
The sanitary condition of the county is fair,
and improfing with enlightenment on the sub-ject
of sanitary matters. That of the public
buildings is unchanged.
Greene— T>x. E. H. Sugg, Snow Hill.
Measles and whooping-cough have prevailed.
The sanitary condition of the county is, as
usual.'good. That of the public buildings is
also good.
Guilfoid— Dr. E. R. Michaux, Greensboro.
No repo' t.
Halifax— No report from the Superinten-dent
of Health.
Hainett— No Board of Health.
Haywood— Dr. J H. Way, Waynesville.
A few sporadic cases of erysipelas and catarrhal
diseases of mild form have prevailed. The
sanitaiy condition of the county is fairly gosd.
That of the public buildings, as usual, is not
good.
Henderson — Dr. J. L. Egerton, Henderson-ville.
There have been reported several cases
of pneumonia and one of typhoid fever. The
sanitary condition of the county is good.
Hertford— No Board of Heahh.
Hyde—Yso Board of Health.
Jndell—V)x. M. W. Hill, Stalesville. The
sanitary condition of the county is very good.
Have heard of one case of pneumonia only.
There has been no serious or general sickness
over the county. The sanitary condition of
the public buildings is about as u-ual, and there
are no efforts at improvement. 1 he jail can-not
be made what it should be under its present
faulty constriction. Punishment by imprison-ment
injures physically, but does not intimidate
or reform. There is more power in the oli
time whipping-post to deter evil-doers than in
both county and S'.ate prisons, and it costs
much less.
fackson — Dr. J. M. Candler, Dillsboro.
The sanitary condition of the county is very
good ; also that of the public buildings.
Johnston — Dr. L. L. Sasser, Smithfield.
Pulmonary troubles have prevailed. There
has been an epidemic of hog cholera. Twenty
cases of njeasles leported The sanitary con-dition
of the county is good. There has been
less sickness during April than in any month of
the past four. The s-anitary condition of the
public buildings is good.
Jones— No Board of Health.
Lenoir — Dr. C 15 Woodley, Kinston.
Measles has prevailed in nearly all portions of
the county. Dysentery, influenza, bronchitis
and hepatic congestion wih slight fevers have
been reported. The ja'l is in good sanitary
condition. There is no pDor-house in the
county.
Lincoln — Dr. W. L. Grouse, Lincolnton.
No report.
Macon — Dr. J. M. Lyle, Franklin. Two
cases of diphtheria and three of typhoid fever
have been reported. The saniiary condition of
the county is good ; also that of the public
buildings.
Madison — No Boaid of Health.
Martin — Dr. W. H. Harrell, Williamston.
Measles has prevailed in several portions of the
county. The general health of the county is
remarkably good. Very little sickness of any •
kind. The sanitary condition of the public
buildmgs is very good. They have lately been
white-washed and the grounds limed.
McDowell— Dt. J. H. Gilkey, Maiion.
Pneumonia and bronchitis have prevailed
pretty extensively, but we have had little other
sickness. Sanitary condition rf the county is
good, as is also that of the public buildings, as
far as their construciion will admit of. We
hope soon to get the Gomm;s>ioners to erect
ntw buildings at the Home.
Mecklenburg — No Board of Health.
Mitchell— Dr. G. E. Smith, Bakersville.
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH. 17
Fifteen cases of whooping-cough and one of
typhoid fever have been reported. Pertussis
is spreading rapidly on Cane Creek, and is
of a violent form. Other than this the sani-tary
condition of the county is good. That of
the pubh'c buildings is fair.
Montgomery— Dr. F. E. Asbury, Asbury.
I have to report fifteen cases of measles, three
of diphtheria, eight of whooping-cough, ten of
scarlatina and influenza. Hog cholera has
been epidemic. The sanitary condition of the
public buildings is good.
Moore— Dr. Gilbert McLeod, Carihage.
No report.
yash— Dr. J. J- Mann, Nashville. Measle=,
whooping-cough and dysentery are prevailing in
most parts of the county. The sanitaiy condi-tion
of the county has been good. The sani-tary
condition of the public buildings is good.
We are trying to have a new building erected
at the poor-house.
New H.inover— Dr. F. W. Potter, Wil-mington.
The increased number of deaths
from heart disease and pneumonia are con-sidered
due to la grippe. I urged the thorough
cleansing of streets, lots, etc. There have
been reported four cases of rotheln, twenty-four
of measles, thirty of whooping cough, one
of diphtheria and one of typhoid fever. As
far as we can learn the sanitary condition of
the county is fairly good. Since the subsidence
of la grippe the distemper among horses and
hogs has almost entirely ceased. Owing to the
greater use of tbe jail during the last term of
the Court its condition is not so good. The
sanitary condition of the other public buildings
Northampton — Dr. H. W, Lewis, Jackson.
No report.
Onslow — No Board of Health.
Oravge—Dr. D. C. Parris, Hillsboro. There
have been reported a few cases of measles.
Catarrhal diseases have prevailed in all parts of
tlie county. The sanitary condition of the
county is better for this month than for any
during the year. Rheumatism, pneumonia,
tonsillitis, etc., have prevailed in a mild form.
The sanitary condiion of the Home is good,
but that of the jail is not so good.
Pamlico — No Board of Health.
Pasquotank — No Board of Health,
Pender— Dr. S. S. Satchwell, Burgaw. It
has been generally healthy in this county dur-ing
April. Mild catarrhal affections have pre-vailed
to a limited extent, and some few cases
of la grippe. Our public buildings are in fair
sanitary condition.
Perquimans — No Board of Health.
Person— No Board of Health.
Pitt—Vix. B. T. Cox, Redallia. No report.
Polk — Yio Board of Health.
Randolph — Dr. J. M. Boyette, Ashboro.
One case of measles and one of typhoid fever
have been reported. The sanitary condition of
the county is good, according to reports just
received. Cholera among hogs and chickens,
and distemper among horses has prevailed to a
considerable extent the past month. The sani-tary
condition of the public buildings is satis-factory.
I think bed-bugs at the Home are
things of the past. The bedding is clean and
the inmates well fed and cared for.
Richmond— Dr. J. M. Stancill, Rocking-ham.
There has been very little sickness, ex-cept
measles of mild form and a few cases of
dysentery. The sanitary condition of the pub-lic
buildings is good except the poor-house,
which needs improvement—new buildings and
different arrangements for confining incurable
lunatics.
Robeson — Dr. R. F. Lewis, Lumberton.
Little sickness has prevailed in any part of the
county. The sanitary condition of the county
is good, as also that of the public buildings.
Rockingham — No Board of Health.
Rowan— Dr. J. J. Summerell, SaHsbury.
The sanitary condition of the town and county
is good. There has been no sickness. The
jail could be improved, but thepe has been no
effort in that direction yet.
Rutherford— Dr. W. Thompson, Cliffdale.
No report.
Sampson — Dr. J. A. Stevens, Clinton.
There has been an epidemic of hog cholera.
The sanitary condition of the county is fairly
good. Daring the past month the following
diseases have occurred : Influenza, measles,
whooping-cough, bronchitis, pneumonia, diar-
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH.
rhoea, dysentery, and a few cases of malarial
fever. The jail was condemned by the grand
jury this week, and a new one asked for. The
poor-house is in excellent sanitary condition.
Stanly— Dr. Boyles, New London. No
report.
Stokes— Dr. J. W. Neal, Meadows. There
have been reported fourteen cases of whooping-cough^
The sanitary condition of the county
is good. That of the public buildings is also
good.
Surry — No Board of Health.
Swain — No Board of Health.
Transylvania — No Board of Health.
Tyrtell— Dr. Ab. Alexander, Columbia.
No report.
Union — Dr. W. C. Ramsay, Monroe. No
report
.
Vance— Dr. A. Cheatham, Henderson. No
remarks on prevailing diseases or the sanitary
condition of the county. The sanitary condi-tion
of the public buildings is good.
Wake— Dr. James McKee, Raleigh. No
epidemic of any kind has prevailed in the city
or county. There have occurred two cases of
glanders in horses, the animals being promptly
destroyed and buried deep under the soil. The
sanitary condition of the county is good. That
of all the public buildings is remarkably good.
Warren — Dr. P. J. Macon, Warrenlon.
No report.
Washington — No Board of Health.
Watauga — Dr. W. B. Councill, Boone.
No report.
Wayne — Dr, John Spicer, Goldsboro. A
few cases of measles and whooping-cough have
occurred. The sanitary condition of the county
is good. Bowel troubles seem to be giving rise
to more trouble than any other class of diseases.
The sanitary condition of the public buildings
is good.
Wilkes— ^o Board of Health.
Wilson — Dr. Albert Anderson, Wilson.
Measles prevail in the county. Pneumonia,
bronchitis and malarial fevers are reported from
different parts of the county.
Yadkin — Dr. T. R. Haiding, Yadkinville.
No report.
Yancey — Dr. J. L. Ray, Burnsville. No
diseases of importance have prevailed. The
sanitary condjtion of the county is very good,
better than usual. Poor-house well kept ; jail
only moderately so.
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH. 19
Condition of Jails and Poor-houses by Counties
20 BULLETIN OF THE NORTH C.VROLLX.V BOARD OF HEALTH.
Condition of Jails and Poor-houses by Counties
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH. 21
Condition of Jails and Poor-houses by Counties
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH.
Mortuary Report for April, 1892.
Towns and
Reporters.
Races.
Popula-tion.
Durham "I | White.
Dr. X. M. Johnson. J Colored.
Fayetteville I White.
Dr. J. H. Marsh. )' Colored.
Goldsboro I |White.
The Mayor. f Colored.
Washington ) White.
City Clerk. J Colored.
Asheville "I White.
Dr. C. E. Milliard. J Colored.
Oxford ) White.
Dr. P. Booth. ) Colored.
Raleigh ) 'White.
Dr. jas. McKee. f Colored.
Salisbury \ White.
Dr. J. J. Summerell J Colored.
Tarboro ) White.
Dr. D. Williams. J Colored.
Scotland Neck > White.
The Mayor. 5 Colored.
Wilmington > White.
Dr. F. W. Potter. 5 Colored.
Monroe ^ \ White.
Dr.W.D.Pembertonj i Colored.
Statesville I I White.
Dr. M. W. Hill. ( [Colored.
Wilson I White.
Dr. A. Anderson. )' Colored.
Rocky Mount ( White.
City Clerk. )' Colored.
Weldon I White.
The Mayor. f Colored.
Southport \ White.
Dr. D. 1. Watson. J Colored.
Hillsboro \ White.
Dr. D. C. Parris. J Colored.
Henderson \ White.
Dr. A. Cheatham. J Colored.
8,000
5,000
5,000
3,600
Repre-senting
Annual,
Death
Rate
PEE 1,000.
4,.500
3,500
2,800
2,200
2,800
2,20'J
2,000
1,600
I
3:^10,.500
S; 3,300
f;000
1.5,000
2,a50i
1,650.
4,500
IS 2,370
7WJ1'500
11^21,000
1,200
800
2,000
500
2,000
1,500
800
400
685
750
400
600
600
400
2,256
2,000
2,00J
2,500
3,500
1,200
1,435
1,000
1,000
4,256
10.6
17.1
4.3
21.8
4.3
10.9
6.0
30.0
14.4
32.0
21.2
30.0
9.0
15.4
0.0
29.1
43.1
30.0
0.0
20.0
28.0
20.0
45.0
6.0
0.0
6.0
24.0
15.0
0.0
17.5
0.0
90.0
20.0
0.0
30.0
5.3
60.0
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOAR!) OF HEALTH. 23
Meteorological Summary for North Carolina, April, 1892-
Famished by the North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station and State Weather Service.
H. B. Battle, Ph. D., Director. C. F. von Herrmann, Meteorologist.
STATIONS.
Asheville
Bakeisville
Charlotte
Chapel Hill
Douglas
Rock House Farm.
Henderson vi lie
Kitty Hawk
Littleton
Linville
Lenoir
Morganton
Mount Airy
Oak Ridge
Pitisboro
Raleigh
Southport
southern Pines ...
Salisbury
Weldon
Willeyton..
Wilmington
TEMPERATURE (Degrees Fahr).
51.2
51.6
56.6
57.0
54.9
52.4
51.7
55.5
54.3
47.1
54.1
.55.8
53.2
54.8
55.0
57.2
57.8
58.6
58.5
56.0
55.5
60.2
65.2
64.-3
65.5
68.6
69.5
60.8
61.8
62.4
67.0
56.7
60.6
62.8
63.3
65.1
63.2
67.0
63.8
72.5
66.2
66.4
67.8
68.2
13.3
38.9
47.9
45.4
40.1
44.0
48.7
48.8
41.3
37.5
46.6
48.8
43.0
44.0
46 9
47.3
51.9
41.15
50.8
45.7
13.2
52.2
21.9
25.4
17.0
23.2
29.1
16.8
13.1
13.(5
2).7
19.2
14
14.0
20.3
21.1
16.3
19.7
11.9
27.9
15.1
20.7
24.6
16.0
65.2
74.4
74.9
71.6
68.7
73.8
6.01
4.90
3.50
3.15
2.52
7.26
6.85
1.94
300
3.75
3.10
4.05
2.65
3.08
2.70
5.57
0.80
3.62
4.01
4 3"!
5.00
1.13
No. OF Days
S.W.
W.
S.W.
S.W.
S. E.
w.
S.W.
S.W.
S.W.
S.W.
S.W.
S.W.
s.
11
10
8
11 Is. w.
STATE METEOROLOGICAL SUMMARY FOR APRIL, KS92.
Mean Barometer 30.13 inches; normal for April, 30.02.
Highest Barometer 30.19 inches, on the 27th, at Lynchburg, Va.
Lowest Barometer 29.56 inclies, on the 14th, at Norfolk, Va.
Mean temperature 56.3 degrees; normal for April, .'57.7 degrees.
Highest temperature 89, on the 5th, at Marion.
Lowest temperature 22, on the 11th, at Bakersville
Average rain-fall, 4 03 inclies; normal for April, 3.81.
Greatest monthly rain-fall, 9.3S inches, at Mnrphy.
Least monthly rain-fall, 0.80 inches, at Southport.
Average number of cloudless daj s, 10.
Average number ol partly cloudy days, 9.
Average number of cloudy days, 11.
Average number ol rainy day>, 11.
Prevailing wind direction, south-west; average hourly velocity, 9fi miles Prevailing direction
from many years' ob.servations, south-west. Average velocity, 9 6 miles per hour.
BULLETIN
NORTH CAROLIM^BOARD OF HEA
Published Monthly at the Office of the Secretary of the Board, at Wilmington, N. C.
SUBSCRIPTION FIFTY CENTS A YEAR.
H. T. Bahnson, M. D., /"r^J.,. Salem.
R. H. Lewis, M. D., Raleigh.
W. H. Harrell ..Williamston.
J. A. Hodges, M. D., Fayetteville.
S. Westray Battle, M. D.,. .Asheville.
J. H. Tucker, M. D., Henderson.
Prof. F. P. Venable, Chapel Hill.
J. L. Ludlow, C. E., . Winston.
Thomas F. Wood, M. D.', Secretary and Treasurer, Wilmington.
Entered at the post-office at Wilmington, N. C, as second-class mail matter.
Vol. VII. JUNE, 1892. No. 3.
Summary of Reports from County Superinten-dents
of Health for May, 1892.
Alamance—Dr. George W. Long, Graham.
Measles, whooping-cough and intestinal trou-bles
have prevailed. The sanitary condition of
the public buildings is as good as usual. A
new Home for the Aged and Infirm is about to
be constructed.
Alexander—Dr. J. B. W'atts, Taylorsville.
Bowel troubles have been very prevalent, with
a few ca.'^es of measles and whooping-cough.
The sanitary condition of the county has been
very good during the past month. That of the
public buildings is about as at the last report,
but think there will be a new building erected
for the benefit of the paupers of tiie county at
an early date.
Alleghany—No Board of Health.
Ansojt—Dr. E. F. A^he, Wadesboro. No
report.
Ashe—No Board of Health.
Beaufort—Dr. S. T. Nicholson, Washing-ton.
No report.
Bertie—No Board of Health.
Bladen—Dr. N. Robinson, Elizabethtown.
No report.
Brunswick—No Board of Health.
Buncombe—Dr. C. E. Hilliard, Asheville.
No report.
Burke—Dr. J. L. Laxton, Morganton. The
sanitary condition of the county is good, with
comparatively little sickness. A few cases of
dysentery and whooping-cough have been re-ported.
The sanitary condition of the public
buildings is the same as at last report, with no
efforts at improvement nor any likely to be
soon.
Cabarrus—No Board of Health.
Caldivell—Dr. A. A. Kent, Lenoir. The
sanitary condition of the county is good, with
a few mild cases of cholera-morbus, dysentery
and diarrhoea. There have also been reported
two cases of measles and one of scarlatina.
The sanitary condition of the public buildings
is fairly good.
Catnden—No Board of Health
Carteret—Dr. ^f. F. Arendell, Beaufort.
The sanitary condition of the county is good.
Our pub ic buildings are old, but safe and com-fortable.
Caszt'ell—Dr R. H. Williamson, Yancey-ville.
Remittent fever and dysentery have
prevailed. The sanitary condition of the county
is good; also that of the public buildings.
26 BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLLNA BORAD OF HEALTH.
Catawba—Dr. G. H.'West, Newton. Dysen-tery
' as prevailed in portions of the county.
There have been reported three cases of
whooping-cough and two of typhoid fever. The
sanitary condition of the county is about as
usual. The Board of Magistrates and Com-missioners
in conjoint session authorized the
County Commissioners to put the jail in good
condition. Also to make needed improvements
at the county poor-house as regards repairing
and putting up new buildings.
Chatham—T)r. H. T. Chapin, Pittsboro.
The health of the county during the early part
of the month was excellent. During the latter
part there have been a number of cases of dys-entery.
The public buildings are in good con-dition.
Cherokee—Dr. J. F. Abernathy, Murphy.
There are a few cases of dysentery here, but
no other sickness to my knowledge. The jail
and hospital are in splendid condition.
Chowan—No Board of Health.
Clay—'iio Board of Health.
Cleveland—Dt. O. P. Gardner. Shelby.
The sanitary Condition of the county is good,
as also that of the public buildings.
Columbus—Dr. I. Jackson, Whiteville. The
sanitary condition of the county is good. Diar-rhoea
of a mild type has prevailed. I hear of
one case of pertussis and a few of intermittent
fever. The sanitary condition of tTie public
buildings is good.
Craven—Dr. L. Duffy, Newberne. No
report.
Cumberland—T>v. J. H. Marsh, Fayette-ville.
The sanitary condition of the county is
good. The town is in better condition than it
has been for several years. The sanitary con-dition
of the public buildings is good.
Currituck— "^o Board of Health.
Dare—No Board of Health.
Davidson—Dr. R. L. Payne, Jr., Lexing-ton.
Mumps, rotheln and whooping-cough
have prevailed. The sanitary condition of the
county is good. Also that of the public build-ings.
Davie—No Board of Health.
Duplin—Dr. J. W. Blount, KenansviUe.
No report.
Diirhani—Dr. N. M. Johnson. Durham.
The healthfulness of the county is as good as
usual at this season of the year, being the sea-son
for dysentery and other bowel troubles.
The sanitary condition of the public buildings
is good
Edgecombe — Dr. D Williams, Tarboro.
Whooping-cough has prevailed in some parts
of the county. Measles has about disappeare 1
from the county. The sanitary condition of
the public buildings is very good
Forsyth— Dr. D. N. Dalton, Winston. No
report.
Franklin—Dr. E. S. Foster, Louisburg.
Measles prevails in most parts of the county.
With this exception, and a few cases of dysen-tery,
there is less sickness in the county than I
have ever known. The sanitary condition of
the public buildings is very good.
Gaston—Dr. J. H. Jenkins, Dallas. No
report.
Gates—No Board of Health.
Graham—No Board of Health
Granville— Dr. P. Booth, Oxford. Measles,
dysentery and diarrhoea have prevailed in
nearly all portions of the county. The sani-tary
condition of the county is fairly good.
That of the public buildings is unchanged since
the last report, except that the jail has been
cleaned and disinfected, and a liberal use of
whitewash at the poor-house grounds.
Greene— Dr. E. H. Sugg, Snow Hill. Dys-entery
has prevailed in the county, and there
have been reported a few cases of whooping-cough.
The sanitary condition of the county
is good. That of the public building is also
good.
Guilford—Dr. E. R. Michaux, Greensboro.
No report.
Halifax—No report from the Superintend-ent
of Health.
Harnett—No Board of Health.
Haywood—Dr. J. H. Way, Waynesville.
No report.
Henderson—Dr. J. L. Egerton, Henderson-ville.
There have been reported two cases of
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH. 27
measles and one of typhoid fever. Several
cases of diarrhcea and a few sporadic cases of
dysentery have been reported. The sanitary
condiiion of the county and the public build-ing
is good.
Hertford—^Q Board of Health.
Hyde—No Board of Health.
Iredell—T>r. M.W.Hill, Statesville. Whoop-ing-
cough and typhoid fever have occurred.
The sanitary condition of the county is very
good, there having been but very little general
sickness over the county. The typhoid fever
is in one family and the whooping-cough over
the county. The sanitary condition of the
public building is about as it has been reported
heretofore. There is no effort at improve-ment,
nor likely to be soon, judging from the
report of the Grand Jury.
Jackson—Dr. J. M. Candler, Hillsboro.
There has been reported one case of typhoid
fever. The sanitary condition of the county
was never better. We have three small towns
in the county, and as Superintendent of Health,
I am looking after their sanitary condition.
That of the public building is good.
Johnston—Dr. L. L. Sasser. Smithfield.
Diarrhcea and dysentery have been the pre-vailing
diseases during the month. There have
been a few cases of measles reported. Hog
cholera has occurred.
Jones—No Board of Health.
Lenoir— Dr. C. B. Woodley, Kinston.
Measles has prevailed in all parts of the county.
There have occurred some dysentery, bron-chitis
and malarial fever.
Lincoln—Dr. W. L. Crouse, Lincolnton.
There have been reported two cases of whoop-ing-
cough and one of diphtheria. Dysentery
has prevailed in all parts of the county. There
is the usual amount of bowel troubles but few
fatal cases. Both jail and poor-house are well
kept. Are kept clean and whitewashed regu-larly.
There are no efforts at further improve-ments.
Macon—T>r. J. M. Lyle, Franklin. The
sanitary condition of the county is good. There
h as been one case of typhoid fever reported.
The sanitary condition of the public buildings
is also good.
Madison—No Board- of Health.
Martin—T>x. W. H. Harrell, Williamston.
Measles and enteric troubles have prevailed in
all sections. With these exceptions and that of
four cases of typhoid fever reported, the health
of the county has been good. There have been
some mild cases of malarial fever. The sani-tary
condition of the public buildings is good.
McDowell—Dr. J. H. Gilkey, Marion.
Pneumonia, diarrhcea and dysentery have pre-vailed
in some parts of the county. With these
exceptions, the health and sanitary condition of
the county have been good. The sanitary con-dition
of the public buildings is as good as their
character will admit of. I shall urge the Board
of Commissioners and Magistrates at their con-joint
meeting to buy a new site and erect better
buildings for the care of the poor.
Mecklenburg-—No Board of Health.
Mitchell— T)r. C. E. Smith, Bakersville.
Pertussis has prevailed in this and Cane Creek
sections. The sanitary condition of the county
is exceptionally good. Still hear now and then
of a case of la grippe of mild type, and as yet
no deaths. Pertussis is still spreading, but no
deaths reported. The sanitary condition of the
public buildings is good.
Montgomery—Dr. F. E. Asbur}', Asbury.
There have been reported eight cases of whoop-ing-
cough and ten of scarlatina. The sanitary
condition of the county is good, better than it
has been for some time. The sanitary condition
of the poor-house is good, but that of the jail is
in a poor condition. No efforts at present for
improvement.
Moore—Dr. G. McLeod, Carthage. No
report.
A'ash—Dr. J. J. Mann, Nashville. No
report.
New Hanover—Dr. F, W. Potter, Wilming-ton.
Measles and whooping-cough have pre-vailed
in nearly all portions of the county, and
there have been reported six cases of typhoid
fever, and one each of scarlatina and hemorrha-gic
malarial fever. The sanitary condition of
most of the county is good. Quite a large num-ber
of white families have recently moved into
the city, consequently we have had a large num-ber
of cases of measles and whooping-cough, as
28 BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH.
few of their children had said diseases prior to
their sojourn here. Diarrhoeal diseases have
been quite prevalent. The sanitary condition
of the jail and house of correction is good, and
that of the poor-house is fair.
Northampton— \:ix. H. \V. Lewis, Jackson,
The health of tLe county has been good for the
month of May. The sanitary condition of the
county is fairly good. There has been a mild
epidemic of dysentery, but no fatal cases as yet
reported. The sanitary condition of the jail
and poor-house is good. The jail is a recent
improvement, and cost $10,000; it is a sanitary
structure, and a credit to our county. It is
filled with patent water-closets and soil-pipes,
properly ventilated, steel cells, separate apart-ments
for males and females, etc.
Onslozv—No Board of Health.
Of(i„ge—X)x. D. C. Parris, Hillsboro. There
have been a few cases of measles reported.
Diarrhoeal diseases have prevailed in all parts
of the county. The sanitary condition of the
county is fairly good. There has been reported
some pneumonia, mild and amenable. The san-itary
condition of the public buildings is good,
save that of the county jail, which lacks the
proper arrangement for the disposal of human
excrement.
Pamlico—No Board of Health.
Pasquotank—No Board of Health.
Pender—Vtx. S. S. Satchwell, Burgaw. The
health of the county has been generally good
during the month, except bowel diseases espec-ially
among children. The sanitary condition
of the public buildings is good. Drainage is
more and more practiced by our citizens, and
its advantages to health and agriculture acknowl-edged
and appreciated. Malaria is gradually
leaving our borders and its cause disappearing.
Perquimans—1:^0 Board of Health.
Person—No Board of Health.
Pitt—'Dt. B. T. Cox, Redallia. Dysentery,
diarrhoea and intermittent fevers have pre-vailed,
and a few cases of measles, whooping-cough
and chicken-pox still linger.
Polk—^o Board of Health.
Randolph—V)x. J. M. Boyette, Ashboro.
From official reports the sanitary condition of
the county is better than for the past year.
Pneumonia and measles have prevailed to some
extent, and dj'sentery has made its appearance
in full force. There has also been reported
some whooping-cough. Distemper and pink-eye
among horses have diminished. Hog and
chicken-cholera are prevailing in some parts of
the county. The condition of the County Home
was much improved on my last visit—the cloth-ing
of the inmates, the bedding, houses, etc.,
were as clean as could be expected under the
existing circumstances. The cells are much
cleaner than at any previous visit.
Richmond—Dr. J. M. Stansill, Rockingham.
There have been reported fifteen cases of
measles, four of whooping-cough, and one of
diphtheria. The sanitary condition of the public
buildings is good, except the poor-house, which
needs improvement badly. We have had a
great deal of dysentery during the month,
mostly of a mild character, though I have heard
of two or three deaths.
Robeson—Dr. R. F. Lewis, Lumberton.
Measles has prevailed in some parts of the
county, and whooping-cough and typhoid fever
have been reported. The sanitary condition of
the county is very fair. That of the jail and
court-house good. The removal of the poor-house
is continually urged.
Rockingham—No Board of Health.
Rowan—Dr. J. J. Summerell, Salisbury. I
have received no reports, and hear of no sick-ness.
I think the county is very free from dis-ease
for this season of the year. I have had
some mild cases of diarrhoea and dysentery.
Our public buildings are in good condition. I
hear that the County Commissioners have
recently ordered that the water shall not be
used so freely as heretofore, and I fear the re-sult,
but will try to convince them that they are
not acting wisely or humanely.
Rutherford—Dr. W. Thompson, Cliffdale.
No report.
Sampson—V)\. ]. A Stevens, Clinton. The
sanitary condition of the county is fairly good.
We have had some cases of whooping-cough,
measles, pneumonia, dysentery, diarrhoea, ma-larial
fever, and one case of typhoid fever.
There has been an epidemic of hog cholera,
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH. 29
and there have been reported two rabid dogs in
the upper part of the county. The sanitary
condition of the poor-house is very good. We
are to have a new jail, which is greatly needed.
Stanly—Dr. Boyles, New London. No re-port.
Stokes—Dr. J. W. Neal, Meadows. The
sanitary condition of the county is good. The
health of the county has been unusually good
during the past month. There is some dysen-tery
at this time, but of a mild form. The
sanitary condition of the public buildings is
good.
Surry—No Board of Health.
Swain—No Board of Health.
~ Transylvania—No Board of Health.
Tyrrell—Dr. Ab. Alexander, Columbia. No
report.
Union—Dr. W. D. Pemberton, Monroe.
The health of the town is good, except for
dysentery and diarihcea, prevalent especially
among children.
Vance—Dr. A. Cheatham, Henderson. No
report on the sanitary condition of the county
and the prevailing diseases.
Wake—Dr. James McKee, Raleigh. The
sanitary condition of the county is very good.
There have been reported three cases of vari-cella
and one of typhoid fever. There have
occurred several deaths among the cows in the
city ifl parturition, due to peritonitis. The
sanitary condition of all the public buildings is
good.
Warren—Dr. P. J. Macon, Warrenton. No
report.
Washington—No Board of Health.
Watat4ga—Dr. W. B. Councill, Boone.
There have been reported ten cases of scarla-tina
and two of typhoid fever. La Grippe has
prevailed in all parts of the county. The san-itary
condition of the county is good in every
particular; also that of the public buildings.
Wayne—E)r. John Spicer, Goldsboro. No
report.
Wilkes—^o Board of Health.
Wilson—Dr. A. Anderson, Wilson. Whoop-ing-
cough, measles, malarial fever, and dysen-tery
have prevailed in all parts of the county.
The sanitary condition of the county is good.
The sanitary condition of the Home is good,
but that of the jail is not good, but some im-provements
are being made. The court-house
is in moderately good condition.
Yadkin—T>x. T. R. Harding, Yadkinville.
No report.
Yancey—Dr. J. L. Ray, Burnsville. The
sanitary condition of the county is very good at
present. The poor-house is very well kept,
but the jail is not kept as clean as it should be.
Summary of Mortuary Reports for May, J 892.
(eighteen towns.)
W/iite. Cold. Total.
Aggregate population. 52,500 43,560 96,060
Aggregate deaths 76 70 146
Annual death-rate per
1,000 represented, 17.4 19 3 18.2
Deaths under 5 years old, 71
Causes of death.
Typhoid fever 12 3
Malarial fever 31 4
Measles 20 2
Pneumonia 4 2 6
Consumption ... S 14 22
Brain diseases 3 4 7
Heart diseases 52 7
Neurotic diseases 23 5
Diarrhoeal diseases 16 9 25
All other diseases 25 23 48
Accident o I I
Suicide 10 i
Still-born - 6 9 15
76 70 146
Review of Diseases for May, 1892.
Bronchitis—Was reported from Lenoir.
Chicken-Cholera—From Randolph.
Cholera-morbns—From Caldwell.
Diarrhcea — From Alamance, Alexander,
Caldwell, Columbia, Granville, Henderson,
Johnston, Martin, McDowell, Orange, Pender,
Pitt, Rowan, Sampson, Union—15 counties.
30 BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH.
Diphtheria—From Lincoln and Richmond.
Dysentery—From Alamance, Alexander,
Burke, Caldwell, Caswell, Catawba, Chatham,
Cherokee, Durham, Franklin, Granville,
Greene, Johnston, Lenoir, Lincoln, Martin,
McDowell, Northampton, Orange, Pender,
Pitt, Randolph, Richmond, Rowan, Sampson,
Stokes, Union—27 counties.
Hog Cholera—From Randolph and Sampson.
La Grippe—From Mitchell and Watauga.
Malarial Fever—From Casv/ell, Columbus,
Lenoir, Martin, Pitt, Sampson, Wilson—
7
counties.
Malarial Fever, Hemorrhagic—From New
Hanover.
Measles—From Alamance, Alexander, Cald-well,
Franklin, Granville. Henderson, John-ston,
Lenoir, Martin, New Hanover, Orange,
Pitt, Randolph, Richmond, Robeson, Samp-son,
Wilson—17 counties.
Mumps—From Davidson.
Pneumonia—From McDowell, Oiange,
Randolph, Sampson—4 counties.
Rotheln—From Davidson.
Scarlatina—From Caldwell, Montgomery,
New Hanover, Watauga—4 counties.
Typhoid Fever—From Catawba, Henderson,
Iredell, Jackson, Macon, Martin, New Han-over,
Sampson, Wake, Watauga—10 counties.
Varicella—From Pitt and Wake.
Whooping-cough—From Alamance, Alex-ander,
Burke, Catawba, Columbus, Davidson,
Edgecombe, Greene, Iredell, Lincoln, Mitchell,
Montgomery, New Hanover, Pitt, Richmond,
Robeson, Sampson, Wilson—iS counties.
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH.
Condition of Jails and Poor-houses by Counties
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAkOLLNA BOARD OF HEALTH.
Condition of Jails and Poor-houses by Counties
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH. 33
Condition of Jails and Poor-houses by Counties
34 BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH.
Mortuary Report for May, 1892.
Towns and
lUl.LETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA HOARD OF HEALTH
THeteoroloffical Summary for JMortli Carolina, May, 1892.
Furnished by the North Caroliua Agricultural Expirrimeiit Slalion and Slate Weather Ser'
H. B. Battle, Ph. D., Director. C. F. von Hekkmann, Meteorologist.
BU LLETI
N
NORTH CAROLINA ROARD OF HEALTH.
Published Monthly at the Office of the Secretary of the Board, at Wilmington, N. C.
SUBSCRIPTION FIFTY CENTS A YEAR.
H. T. Bahnson, M. D., Pres.,.S3ltm.
R. H. Lewis, M. D., ..Raleigh.
W. H. Harrell .- Williamston.
J. A. Hodges, M. D., Fayetteville.
S. Westray Battle, M. D.,. .Asheville.
J. H. Tucker, M. D., _ .Henderson.
Prof. F. P. Venable. Chapel Hill.
J. L. Ludlow, C. E., . Winston.
Thomas F. Wood, M. D., Secretary and Treasurer, Wilmington.
Entered at the post-office at Wilmington, N. C, as second-class mail matter.
Vol. VII. JULY, 1892. No. 4.
Cholera.
The Morning Star of the 22d instant gives
the following cablegram from London:
" July 21. A dispatch to the Lancet from
Paris says, that cholera in the suburbs of that
city is stationary and exhibits no tendency to
extension within fortifications. Officially the
disease is styled 'epidemic cholerainforme.' It
develops so slovi'ly that time for preparation to
combat it can be readily taken. It does not
seem to have taken root within the walls of
the city."
Notwithstanding the name given to the dis-ease
in Paris, the Spanish Medical Commission
sent to investigate it, pronounced it Asiatic
Cholera, and the Spanish Government imme-diately
took steps to keep it out of their bor-ders.
Summary of Reports from County Superinten-dents
of Health for June. 1892.
Alamance— Dr. G. W. Long, Graham.
Whooping-cough and intestinal troubles have
prevailed but are subsiding. An occasional
case of fever heard from. New cottages are
being built at the Home.
Alexander—Dr. J. B. Watts, Taylorsville.
Diarrhceal troubles have prevailed, and there
have been two cases of typhoid fever reported.
The sanitary condition of the county is good
as far as I can learn. That of the public build-ings
is about the same as at last report. There
is a movement on foot for the erection of a new
home for the poor.
Alleghany—No Board of Health.
Anson—Dr. E. F. Ashe, Wadesboro. No
report.
Ashe—No Board of Health
Beaufort—Dr. S. T Nicholson, Washing-ton.
No report.
Bertie—No Board of Health.
Bladen—Dr. N. Robinson, Elizabethtown.
No report.
Brunswick—No Board of Health.
Buncombe—Dr. C. E. Hilliard, Asheville.
Dysentery has prevailed in some parts of the
county. The sanitary condition of the county
and the public buildings is good.
Burke— Dr. J. L. Laxton, Morganton.
There has been one case of typhoid fever
reported. The sanitary condition of the county
is good. Less sickness of any kind than there
has been for several years at this season. A
few cases of diarrhoea and dysentery have been
38 BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLh\A BOARD OF HEALTH.
reported, mostly among children. The condi-tion
of the public buildings is about the same
as at last report.
Cabarrus—No Board of Health.
Caldwell—Dr. A. A. Kent, Lenoir. No
report.
Camden—No Board of Health.
Carteret—Dr. M. F. Arendell, Morehead
City. The sanitary condition of the county is
good, as is also that of the public buildings.
Caswell—Dr. R. H. Williamson, Yancey-ville.
Remittent fever and dysentery have
prevailed. The sanitary condition of the
county is good; also that of the public build-ings.
Catawba.—Dr. G. H. West, Newton.
Dysentery and diarrhoea have prevailed in the
central and eastern portions of the county. As
far as can be learned, the sanitary condition is
about as good as usual. There have been
reported four cases of typhoid fever. Repairs
will be soon made at the jail in regard to sew-erage
system. New houses will be built at the
poor-house soon as the Board of Magistrates
and Commissioners have so ordered.
Chatham—Dr. H. T. Chapin, Pittsboro.
The sanitary condition of the county during
the month has been good. A few cases of
dysentery have been reported. The latter part
of the month was very wet. The sanitary
condition of the public buildings is good.
Cherokee.—Dr. J. F. Abernaihy, Murphy.
No report.
Chowan—No Board of Health.
Clay—No Board of Health.
Cleveland—Dr. O. P. Gardner, Shelby.
Dysentery has prevailed in many parts of the
county. There have been reported several
cases of typhoid fever. The sanitary condition
of the county is good, and also that of the
public buildings.
Columbus—Dr. I. Jackson, Whiteville.
The sanitary condition of the county has been
good. Diarrhoea has prevailed among children,
but of a mild type. We have had in the last
two or three weeks a few cases of malarial and
typhoid fever, and a case or two of whooping-cough.
The sanitary condition of the public
buildings is very good.
Craven—No Board of Health.
Cumberland—Dr. J. H. Marsh, Fayette-ville.
A few cases of whooping-cough have
been reported. The sanitary condition of the
county is good The town is in better condi-tion
than it has been for years. The sanitary
condition of the public buildings is good.
Currituck—No Board of Health.
Dare—No Board of Health.
Davidson—Dr. R. L. Payne, Jr.. Lexing-ton.
No report.
Davie—No Board of Health.
Duplin—Dr. J. W. . Blount, Kenansville.
The sanitary condition of the county is good.
A few cases of malarial fever, diarrVcea and
dysentery have occurred, but generally yielded
to treatment in a few days. The sanitary con-dition
of the public buildings is fairly good. I
am glad to state that our county officers are
becoming convinced of the necessity and im-portance
of paying more attention to the con-dition
and management of the public buildings.
Durham—Dr. N. M. Johnson, Durham.
The health of the county for the month of
June has been remarkably good, with fewer
deaths than usual. The sanitary condition of
the public buildings is very good.
Edgecombe—Dr. Donald Williams, Tar-boro.
Whooping-cough has prevailed in all
parts of the county There has been an excess
of rain in the county in June, and the sanitary
condition is not veiy good. The death rate
among infants has been large from diarrhceal
diseases, complicated with whooping-cough.
The sanitary condition of the public buildings
is good.
Forsyth—Dr. D. N. Dalton, Winston. No
report.
Franklin—Dr. E. S. Foster, Louisburg.
Whooping-c ugh has prevailed to some exten^
in town and the surrounding country. So far
as I can learn, the sanitary condition of the
county is good. Dysentery prevails in some
portions and I hear of two cases of typhoid
fever. The sanitary condition of the public
buildings is good.
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH. 39
Gaston—Dr. J. H. Jenkins, Dallas. No
report.
Gates—No Board of Health.
Graham—No Board of Health,
Granville— Dr. P. Booth, Oxford. A few
cases of measles have occurred and there have
been reported three cases of typhoid fever.
Diarrhoea! diseases in mild form have prevailed
in all parts of the county. The sanitary con-dition
of the county remains about the same as
at last report. That of the public buildings is
unchanged.
Greene—Dr. E. H..Sugg, Snow Hill. Dys-entery
has prevailed, with a few cases of ma-larial
fever. The sanitary condition of the
county is tolerably good; that of the public
buildings is good.
Guilford—Dr. E. R. Michaux, Greens-boro.
No report.
Halifax—No Board of Health.
Harnett.— No Board of Health.
Haywood—Dr. J. H. Way, Waynesville.
No report.
Henderson—Dr. J. L. Egerton, Hender-sonville.
The sanitary condition of the county
is very good. A few cases of mumps have
been reported.
Hertford—No Board of Health,
Hyde—No Board af Health.
Iredell—Dr. M. W. Hill, Statesville. The
sanitary condition of the county has been pretty
good. Dr. Hill reports two fatal cases of
typhoid fever in his own family. There is
another case in a different part of the town.
Whooping-cough has been reported also. The
public buildings are in their usual sanitary con-dition.
Jackson—Dr. J. M. Candler, Dillsboro.
No report.
Johnston—Dr. L. L. Sasser, Smithfield.
Dysentery and bowel troubles have been the
prevailing diseases. There has been some
chicken cholera. The sanitary condition of
the county is good.
Jones—No Board of Health.
Lenoir— Dr. C. B, Woodley, Kinston. A
mild form of dysentery has prevailed in some
sections. Two cases of typhoid fever have been
reported. The sanitary condition of the county
is good, so far as can be learned, except in so
far as recent rains have affected it. The jail
is not occupied, but when last visited was in
good condition.
Lincoln—-Dr. W. L. Crouse, Lincolnton.
Typhoid fever and dysentery have prevailed in
some portions of the ci unty; there has also
been some whooping-cough. There is but
little sickness of any kind—less than usual at
this season of the year. The sanitary condi-tion
of the public buildings is good. No sick-ness
during the month
Macon—Dr. J. M. Lyle, Franklin. The
sanitary condition of the county is good. There
has been one case of typhoid fever only
reported. That of the public buildings is
good.
Madison—No Board of Health,
Martin—Dr. W. H. Harrell, Williamston.
The sanitary condition of the county is good
—
less sickness than I have ever known at this
season. A few cases of mild malarial fever
and some diarrhoeal troubles, with an occa-sional
case of dysentery and measles constitute
the prevailing sickness for the month. There
have also been reported two cases of whooping-cough.
The sanitary condition of the public
buildings is good.
McDowell—Dr. J. H. Gilkey, Marion.
No report.
Mecklenburg—No Board of Health.
Mitchell—Dr. C. E. Smith, Bakersville.
An epidemic of influenza has prevailed in
nearly all parts of the county. The sanitary
condition of the county is good. There have
been reported about ten cases of whooping-cough.
The sanitary condition of the public
buildings is better than for the past i8 months.
Both the keeper of the jail and of the alms-house
are performing their duty toward the
inmates to the very best advantage.
Montgomery—Dr. E. E. Asbury, Asbury.
Dysentery has prevailed in all parts of the
county. There have been reported fifteen
cases of measles, ten of whooping-cough, five
of scarlatina, five of typhoid fever, three of
40 BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH.
pernicious malarial fever, and two of hcemor-rhagic
malarial fever. As far as I can learn,
the sanitary condition of the county is tolerably
good. There has been an epidemic of hog
cholera. There has been no change in the
condition of the public buildings since the last
report.
Moore—Dr. Gilbert McLeod, Carthage.
No report.
Nash—Dr. |. J. Mann, Nashville. We are
having a great deal of typho-malarial fever in
the county. The sanitary condition of the
county is very good. The sanitary condition
of the public buildings is very good indeed.
New Hanover—Dr. F. W. Potter, Wil-mington.
You will notice that our death-rate
for June is comparatively small, but there has
been a good deal of sickness, and if there have
been few deaths from diseases peculiar to the
locality, the physicians are entitled to more
thanks than the authorities. In May I requested
the Aldermen to have less digging done. I
urge now, as I have always done, the thorough
cleaning of the city of trash, etc., while other
things should be left ofT until said object should
be accomplished. So far as I can learn the
sanitary condition of the county is good—only
a few cases of continued fever on the seacoast.
Measles and whooping-cough are subsiding.
There have been reported eleven cases of
measles, seventeen of whooping-cough, one of
scarlatina, eighteen of typhoid fever. The
jail is in good condition, with the oft-repeated
exception of the floor, which needs cementing.
The other public buildings are in good sanitary
condition.
NoRTHAMPiON—Dr. H. W. Lewis, Jack-son.
No report.
Onslow—Dr. E. L. Cox, Jacksonville.
Dysentery has prevailed in the upper part of
the county. The sanitary condition of the
county is good. Hog cholera has prevailed in
part of the county. The sanitary condition of
the public buildings is good.
Orange—Dr. D. C. Parris, Hillsboro. I
have to report cholera-infantum, diarrhoea,
cholera-morbus and dysentery in most all por-tions
of the county. A fatal case of typhoid
fever reported. Catarrhal fever has prevailed
extensively, and in many cases has been severe
in form, closely simulating grippe, Measles,
in mild form, has prevailed in all parts of the
county. Two cases of cholera-morbus resem-bled
closely Asiatic cholera. Theresemblance
to genuine cholera was in the great prostration,
cramps of severe form, rice- colored stools and
algid condition. Erysipelas in a severe form
has occurred, and also a few cases of mild rheu-matism.
Puerperal and septicsemic fevers
have occurred. Follicular tonsillitis and pha-ryngitis
have been of frequent occurrence, and
there have been a few cases of remittent fever.
Doubtless the damp hot weather caused much
of the dysentery and diarrhoea, and has also
been a factor in causing the catarrhal fever.
The sanitary condition of the county is not so
good, owing to the continued wet weather and
the absence of sunshine. The sanitary con-dition
of the public buildings is good, except
the jail.
Pamlico—No Board of Health.
Pasquotank—No Board of Health.
Pender—Dr. S. S. Satchwell, Burgaw. The
general health of the county is good. There
is a remarkable increase of insanity among the
negroes, especially among the women. It is
an interesting study for the physician why such
a large percentage of our insane are negro
women.
Pitt—Dr. R. T. Cox, Redallia. No report.
Polk—No Board of Health.
Randolph—Dr. J. M. Boyette, Asheboro.
Reports from all parts of the county show the
sanitary condition good. There have been
reported one case of measles, five of whooping-cough
and two of typhoid fever. Cholera is
prevailing among hogs. Dysentery has pre-vailed
all over the county. The sanitary con-dition
of the public buildings is good.
Richmond—Dr. J. M. Stansill, Rocking-ham.
There has been a great deal of dysen-tery
and a few cases of tyyho-malarial fever
reported. There was very little sickness of
any other kind. Two cases of whooping-cough
and two of typhoid fever reported. The sani-tary
condition of the public buildings is good,
except at the poor-house, which ought to be
torn down and new buildings erected.
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH. 41
Robeson—Dr. R. F. Lewis, Lumberton.
A good deal of sickness, principally malarial
fever and bowel troubles, have prevailed.
Considering the heavy rain-fall, the sanitary
condition of the county is good. Whooping-cough
has occurred. There has been no im-provement
at the Home. The sanitary con-dition
of the other public buildings is good.
Rockingham—No Board of Health.
Rowan—Dr. J. J. Summerell, Salisbury.
Whooping-cough and typhoid fever have pre-vailed
in some parts of the county. The
sanitary conditicn of the county is good; also
that of the public buildings.
Rutherford—Dr. W. A. Thompson, Cliff-dale.
Entero-colitis and dysentery have pre-vailed
in all parts of the county. The sanitary
condition of the county is better than usual at
this season. The health of the people is better
than last year. The sanitary condition of the
public buildings is as good as the poor build-ings
v^fill admit of. We need a new jail and
poor-house badly, and I will urge our Commis-sioners
to build one with modern sanitary
improvements.
Sampson—Dr J. A. Stevens, Clinton. The
sanitary t;ondition of most of the county is
good. Measles and whooping-cough have been
very prevalent, and there are a few cases of
typhoid and malarial fevers. Many cases of
dysentery and diarrhoea with several deaths.
The sanitary condition of the poor-house is
good, but the jail is in bad condition.
.Stanly—Dr. A. C. Boyles, New London.
The health of the county is very good, with
little sickness of any kind. The sanitary con-dition
of the public buildings is tolerably good.
Stokes—Dr. J. W. Neal, Meadows. The
sanitary condition of the county is good. There
have been reported twenty-three cases of
whooping-cough, two of diphtheria, and four
of typhoid fever. The sanitary condition of
the public buildings is good.
Surry—No Board of Health.
Swain—No Board of Health.
Transylvania—No Board of Health.
»
Tyrrell—Dr. Ab. Alexander, Columbia.
Cholera-infantum has prevailed in the town of
Columbia. The sanitary condition of the
county is good. There have been reported
nineteen cases of measles and one of typhoid
fever. The public buildings have been recently
repaired.
Union—Dr. W. D. Pemberton, Monroe.
Considerable diarrhoeal trouble and some ma-larial
fevers. No typhoid fever. Our town is
doing all its money will allow for the preven-tion
of disease. The colored people are poorly
cared for.
Vance—Dr. A. Cheatham, Henderson. The
sanitary condition of the public buildings is
good.
Wake—Dr. Jas. McKee, Raleigh. Only
one case of typhoid fever has been officially
reported, but three death certificates from
typhoid fever have been returned. The sani-tary
condition of the county is good. '1 hat of
the public buildings is also good.
Warren—Dr. J. J. Macon, Warrenton.
No report.
Washington—No Board of Health.
Watauga—Dr. W. B. Councill, Boone.
Scarlatina and whooping-cough have prevailed
in some parts of the county. They are of a
mild form with no deaths. There have been
some bowel troubles and one case of typhoid
fever reported. The sanitary condition of the
county and of the public buildings is good.
The jail is new, with all modern improvements,
and the poor-house cottages are new and clean
and healthy.
Wayne—Dr. John Spicer, Goldsboro. There
have occurred a few cases of measles and
whooping-cough. Also some continued fever.
The sanitary condition of the county is good.
There has been some hog cholera. The sani-tary
condition of the public buildings is good.
Wilkes—No Board of Health.
Wilson—Dr. A. Anderson, WMlson. Dys-entery,
diarrhoea and malarial fevers have
prevailed in all parts of the county. The sani-tary
condition of the county is not good, but
there is and has been for some time an im-provement.
The sanitary condition of the
public buildings is good.
Yadkin—Dr. T. R. Harding, Yadkinville.
Dysentery has prevailed in nearly all portions
42 BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH.
of the county, and of very fatal character
among children. The sanitary condition of
the county, in most localities, is good. Some
places are not drained as well as they should
be to keep off malaria, consequently we have
some malarial fever at this season of the year.
Our poorrhouse is in good condition—all new
buildings. The jail was burnt some time ago,
but the contract has been let for the erection
of a new one. It will be on the modern plan.
Yancey—Dr. J. L. Ray, Burnsville. The
sanitary condition of the county is very good
at present. There have been reported three
cases of typhoid fever. The jail is not well
kept. The poor-house is rrioderately well kept.
Summary of Mortuary Reports for June, 1892.
(eighteen towns.)
White. Col'd. Total.
Aggregate population. 51,00041,800 92,800
Aggregate deaths 80 91 171
Annual death-rate per
1,000 represented, 18. 3 26.1 22.1
Deaths under 5 years of age, 95
Causes of death.
Typhoid fever 23 5
Malarial fever , 22 4
Whooping-cough i 3 4
Consumption - 6 11 17
Brain diseases - - 6 2 8
Heart diseases 8 4 12
Neurotic diseases 03 3
Diarrhoeal diseases 31 2S 59
All other diseases 17 29 46
Accident - o 3 3
Still-born 7 3 10
80 91 171
Review of Diseases for June, 1892.
Catarrhal fevet —Was reported from Orange
(simulating grippe).
Chicken cholera—From Johnson.
Cholera-infanttim—From Orange and Tyr-rell.
Cho/era-motbus—From Orange.
Diarrhma — From Alamance, Alexander,
Burke, Catawba, Columbus, Duplin, Edge-combe,
Granville, Martin, Orange, Robeson,
Rutherford, Sampson and Wilson—14 counties.
Diphtheria—From Stokes.
Dysentery—From Alamance, Buncombe,
Burke, Caswell, Catawba, Chatham, Cleveland,
Duplin, Edgecombe, Franklin, Greene, John-ston,
Lenoir, Lincoln, Martin, Montgomery,
Onslow, Orange, Randolph, Richmond, Robe-son,
Rutherford, Sampson, Wilson and Yadkin
—25 counties.
Erysipelas-^YroVi\ Orange.
Hog cholera—From Martin, Onslow, Ran-dolph
and Wayne—4 counties.
Influenza—From Mitchell.
Malarial fever—From Caswell, Columbus,
Duplin, Greene, Martin, New Hanover,
Orange, Robeson, Sampson, Wayne and Wil-son—
II counties.
Malarial fever, hcemorrhagic—From Mont-gomery.
Malarial fever, pernicious—From Mont-gomery.
Measles—Yrom Granville, Martin, Mont-gomery,
New Hanover, Orange, Randolph,
Sampson, Tyrrell and Wayne—9 counties.
Mumps—From Henderson.
Rheumatism—From Orange.
Scarlatina—From Montgomery, New Han-over
and Watauga—3 counties.
Typhoid fever—From Alexander, Burke,
Catawba, Cleveland, Columbus, Franklin,
Greene, Iredell, Lenoir, Lincoln, Macon,
Montgomery, New Hanover, Orange, Ran-dolph,
Richmond, Rowan, Sampson, Stokes,
Tyrrell, Wake and Yancey—22 counties.
Typho-fnalarial—From Nash and Richmond.
Whoopinz-cough—From Alamance, Colum-bus,
Cumberland. Edgecombe, Franklin, Ire-dell,
Lincoln, Martin, Mitchell, New Hanover,
Randolph, Richmond, Rowan, Stokes, Samp-son,
^Vatauga and Wayne—17 counties,
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH. 43
Condition of Jails and Poor-houses by Counties
44 BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH.
Condition of Jails and Poor-houses by Counties for June, 1892.—Continued.
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH. 45
Condition of Jails and Poor-houses by Counties for June, 1892.—Continued
46 BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH.
Mortuary Report for June, 1892.
Towns and
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLLNA BOARD OF HEALTH. 47
meteorological Summary for :Nortta Carolina, Jane, 1892.
Furnished by the North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station and State Weather Service.
H, B. Battle, Ph. D., Director. C. F. von Herrmann, Meteorologist.
STATIONS.
Asheville
Bakeisville
Charlotte
Chapel Hill
Douglas
Columbus
Horse Cove
Kitty Hawk
Littleton
Louisburg
Lenoir
Morganton
Mount Airy
Oak Ridge
Pittsboro
Raleigh
Southport
Southern Pines ..
Salisbury
Weldon
Washington
Wilmington
TEMPERATURE (Degrees Fahr).
70.0
70.2
76.3
78.0
77.0
67.4
69.4
7.5.2
76.4
75.3
72 5
.74.3
73.9
74.9
75.5
75.8
75,4
77.1
79.3
77.3
76.4
76.2
92
80.7
82.8
86.0
90.5
92.5
74.3
78.5
81.6
88.7
82.5
79.8
82.7
84.6
85.0
83.2
84.7
79.4
91.1
85.5
87.4
87.9
1.0 61
59.3
57.7
66.6
65.5
61.4
60.4
60.3
68.7
61.2
68.1
67.5
69.6
632
64.8
67.8
66.8
71.2
63.1
73.1
67.2
64.9
70.2
21.4
25.1
19.4
25.0
31.1
13.9
18.2
12.9
24.5
14.4
12.3
13.1
21.4
20.2
15 4
17.9
8.2
28.0
12.4
20.2
23.0
11.8
80.2
77.6
80.0
83.4
7.00
5.92
5.51
6.12
8.55
12.72
17.02
6.58
4.49
8.36
820
8.63
4.45
6.84
4.55
4.84
4.52
4.96
4.67
5.11
11.75
6.13
No. OF Days
12
20
N.
W.
S. E.
S.W.
N.
N. E.
S.W.
S.W.
S.W.
S.W.
S.W.
s.
S.W.
S.W.
S.
S.W.
ST.\TE METEOROLOGICAL SUMMARY FOR JUNE, 1892.
Mean Barometer 30.01 Inches; normal for Ju' e, 30.02.
Highest Barometer 30..S7 inches, on the 1st, at Hatteras.
Lowest Barometer 29.73 inches, on the 27th, at Lynchburg.
Mean temperature 75.5 degrees; normal for June, 71.4 degrees.
Highest temperature 103, on the 24th, at Southern Pines. •
Lowest temperature 48, on the 14lh, at Bakersville.
Average raln-fall, 6.90 inches; normal for June, 4..34.
Greatest monthly rain-fall, 17.02 inches, at Rock House Farm (Horse Cove).
Least monthly rain-fall, 2 70 inches, at Hatteras.
Average number of cloudless days, 10.
Average number ot partly cloudy days, 12.
Average number of cloudy days, 8.
Average number ol rainy days, 14.
Prevailing wind direction, .south-we.st; average hourly velocity, 7.8 miles. Prevailing direetlon
from many years' ob.servatioas, south-west. Average velocity, 7.0 miles per hour.
BU LLETIN
OF THE
NORTH CABOLINA BOARD OF HEALTH.
Published Monthly at the Office of the Secretary of the Board, at Wilmington, N. C.
SUBSCRIPTION FIFTY CENTS A YEAR.
H. T. Bahnson, M, D., Fres.,.'SsAtm.
R. H. Lewis, M. D., Raleigh.
W. H. Harrei.l Williamston.
J. A. Hodges, M. D Fayetteville.
S. Westray Battle, M. D.,. ..Asheville.
J. H. Tucker, M. D,, Henderson.
Prof. F. P. Venable, Chapel Hill.
J. L. Ludlow, C. E.,.. Winston.
Thomas F. Wood, M. D., Secretary and Treasurer, Wilmington.
Entered at the post-office at Wilmington, N. C, as second-class mail matter.
Vol. VII. AUGUST, 1892. No. 5.
THOMAS F. WOOD, M: D., LL.D.
Dr. Thomas Fanning W^ood, the able Secre-tary
of the North Carolina Boaid of Health,
died at his residence in this city about 2 o'clock
yesterday, the 22d of August, 1892.
The State of North Carolina has lost a son,
t han whom none were more jealous of her honor
and her welfare. The caute of sanitary reform
and of medical progress in the .State, and in the
country at large, has lost a most earnest and
diligent advocate and worker, whose place will
indeed be hard to fill. Let every citizen of our
State, who can appreciate the services of one
whose undying energies have for so many years
been given, for the honor of his State and the
welfare of her people, bow the head in sorrow
at their loss.
At the Fayetteville meeting of the Medical
Society of the State of North Carolina a com-mittee
was appointed to memorialize the Legis-lature
for the establishment of a State Board of
Health. The result of this action was the en-actment
of a law making the State Society the
Board of Health. At the next meeting of the
Society, in 1877, a committee was appointed
who should perform the arduous duties thus
imposed upon the Society. Dr. S. S. Satcliwell
was made the Chairman of this Committee, and
Dr. W^ood the Secretary and Treasurer. Unin-terruptedly,
from that date to the time of his
death. Dr. Wood has held the office of Secretary
and Treasurer of the Board of Health, making
its success the chief ambition of his life, and
giving to the work his untiring devotion and
labor.
At the time of the passage of the act creating
the Board of Health, the amount of $roo per
year was appropriated for the use of the Board.
Until the recent act of 1SS5, which put the
B jard on a better financial basis, the State ap-propriation
was much too little to meet the
actual expenses for stationery and postage inci.
dent to the necessary instruction of the people
in the methods of sanitation, and in exciting in
the State profession an interest in the work;
but he had the work at heart and it must not
fail, so when the appropriation was exhausted
he drew with an unstinting hand upon his own
small store, suffering personal privations that
this public work might go on to success.
Great was his satisfaction when the Legisla-ture
of 1885 created the Board of Health as it
exists to-day, enabling it to do better service.
Only those who were with him, and to whom
he would open his mind on the subject, could
know the deep anxiety with which he awaited
50 BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH.
the action of the Legislature, or the true pleas-ure
that its final action gave him. As soon as
the word reached him that his bill had become
a law, he engaged the services of an assistant
and proceeded to have county boards of health
organized, and to establish a voluntary system
of mortuary reports from the larger towns of the
State. He worked assiduously during that
year, and when for the treatment of his fatal
malady it became necessary for him to keep his
bed twenty months, during those anxious days
his interest did not flag, but his eye was ever on
the watch for rocks and breakers, while his
hand still held the wheel that directed the ship
in its progress.
But his works were too many and too great
and good for even a bare mention of them in
this brief notice, which is written while this
issue of the Bulletin is in the hands of the
compositor. A more extended notice will
appear in another place by one more fitted to
make known the deeds and sound the merited
praise of this valued and honored citizen, this
wise and skillful physician, this loving and sym-pathetic
friend, this noble and true Christian.
The Cholera.
The latest returns from the infected districts
of Europe, as taken from the press dispatches
of the 24th of August, are to the following
efifecl
:
St. Petersburg, Aug. 23.—Official returns
of new cases of cholera yesterday and deaths,
show a decrease compared with Sunday's figures
of 15 cases, and an increase of iii deaths. The
total number of new cases reported yesterday
was 6,806; total deaths 3,429.
Hamburg, Aug. 23.—Cholera is chiefly
prevalent in Alstadt, or the old portion of the
city, comparatively few cases occurring in the
Nevstadt or the new portion. Every precaution
possible is being taken to localize the disease.
A number of new cases were reported to-day.
Teheran, Aug. 23.—A dispatch from Ren-shid,
in the province of Ghilan, states that
every day hundreds of persons are dying there
from cholera. Renshid is a very unhealthy
place, and sanitary methods are unknown. It
lies on the Caspian Sea, an 1 is the center of
the importing trade of the province in which i^
is located. Most all imports are from Russia.
Other cities are also suffering.
Washington, Aug. 23.—Although no real
fears that cholera will reach the United States
is expressed by the authorities of the Treasury
Department, they are taking all the precau-tions
deemed necessary to prevent its introduc-tion.
Circulars have hitherto been issued to
Customs officers directing the disinfecting of
baggage from cholera infected ports. Assist-ant
Secretary Spaulding was in conference to-day
with Dr. Austin, Acting Surgeon General
of the Maiine Hospital Service, m regard to
further precautionary steps.
Official information has been received that
Asiatic cholera exists in Hamburg and Havre,
and port officers at New York and Baltimore
have been so informed. Hamburg authorities
have heretofore insisted that the disease was
cholerine. At Hamburg yesterday there were
120 cases of cholera. Many deaths were re-ported.
Consul Williams, at Havre, reports an epi-demic
of Asiatic cholera at that place, with
many deaths, and advises insptction of the fast
liner La Touraine.
These facts have been promptly communi-cated
to the health officers at Staten Island,
and every precaution will be taken, especially
in view of the fact that the epidemic has now
reached two of the most important ports in
Europe with which the United States has
direct and rapid communication.
Some Reasons for Daily Exercise.
1. Any man who does not take time for exer-cise
will probably have to take time to be ill.
2. Body and mind are both gifts, and for the
proper use of them our Maker will hold us re-sponsible.
3. Exercise gradually increases the physical
powers, and gives more strength to resist sick-ness.
4. Exercise will do for your body what intel-lectual
training will dn for your mind— educate
and strengthen it.
5. Vlato called a man lame because he exer-cised
the mind while the body was allowed to
suffer.
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH. 51
6. A sound body lies at the foundation of all
that goes to make life a success. Exercise will
help give it.
7. Exercise will help a young man to lead a
chaste life.
8. Varied, light and brisk exercises, next to
sleep, will rest the tired brain better than any-thing
else.
9. Metal will rust if not used, and the body
will become diseased if not exercised.
10. A man ''too busy" to take care of his
health is like a workman too busy to sharpen
his tools.
—
Glasgow Herald.—Maryland Med-icalJournal.
Summary of Reports from County Superinten-dents
for July, 1892.
Alamance—Dr. G. W. Long, Graham.
Whooping-ccugh, measles, mild typhoid fever
and intestinal diseases have prevailed. New
cottages are nearly completed for the Home.
Ale.xander— Dr. J. B. Watts, Taylorsville.
There have been reported five cases of typhoid
fever during the past month. The sanitary
condition of the county remains very good.
That of the public buildings is about the same
as at the last report,
Alleghany—No Board of Health.
Anson—Dr. E. F. Ashe, Wadesboro, No
report.
Ashe—No Board of Health.
Beaufort—Dr. S. T. Nicholson, Washing-ton.
No report.
Bertie - No Board of Health.
Bladen—Dr. N. Robinson, Elizabethtown.
No report.
Brunswick—No Board of Health.
Buncombe—Dr. C. E. Hilliard, Asheville.
Typhoid fever has prevailed in some parts of
the county. The sanitary condition of the
public buildings is good.
Burke—Dr. J. L. Laxton, Morganton.
The sanitary condition of the county is fair.
There have been reported two cases of whoop-ing-
cough, four of typhoid fever, four of sub-acute
gastritis, and a few cases of bowel afifec-ions,
mostly among children. The sanitary
condition of the public buildings is about the
same as at last report. No improvements are
being considered.
Cabarrus—No Board of Health,
Caldwell — Dr. .\. A. Kent, Lenoir.
Typhoid fever in mild form has prevailed in
most parts of the county, thirty cases being
reported. Two deaths have resulted. There
has been an unusually large amount of sickness.
The sanitary condition of the public buildings
is fairly good.
Camden—No Board of Health.
Carteret—Dr. F. M. Arendeli. Morehead
City. The sanitary condition of the county is
good. Measles have occurred. Our public
buildings are in good condition; they are old,
but comfortable.
Caswell—Dr. R. H. Williamson, Yancey-ville.
The sanitary condition of the county is
good. There has been an epidemic of hydro-phobia
among dogs. The sanitary condition of
the public buildings is good.
Catawba — Dr. G. H. West, Newton.
Whooping-cough has prevailed in the central
part of the county. There have been reported
also twenty-seven cases of typhoid and twenty
of typho-malarial fever. Repairs at the jail
are now in progress, and will probably be com-pleted
by the last of the month. Three new
houses are being built at the poor-house, one to
be used as a hospital.
Chatham—Dr. H. T. Chapin, Pittsboro.
No report.
Cherokee—Dr. J. F. Abernathy, Murphy.
The health of this county is not good. Typhoid
fever, flux and bowel diseases generally prevail.
There has been no change in the condition of
the public buildings. The inmates are healthy.
Four deaths from typhoid fever reported.
Chowan—No Boaid of Health.
Clay—No Board of Health.
Cleveland—Dr. O. P. Gardner, Shelby.
Typhoid fever has prevailed in some portions of
the county. The sanitary condition of the
county is good; also that of the public buildings.
Columbus—Dr. I. Jackson, Whiteville.
The sanitary condition of the county, as a
whole, I consider good; but I hear of many
52 BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH.
cases of a continued form of fever in different
sections of the county that generally yields to
treatment in ten or fifteen days. There have
been reported three cases of whooping-cough,
and six of typhoid fever. The sanitary condi-tion
of the public buildings is good.
Craven—Dr. Lein^.ter Duffy, New Berne.
No report.
Cumberland—Dr. J. H. Marsh, Fayette-viJle.
Malarial fever has prevailed in some
parts of the county, and there have been re-ported
a few cases of whooping-cough. The
sanitary condition of the county is good. The
sanitary condition of the poor-house is good;
but the jail is in an unsafe condition. How-ever,
all necessary repairs have been ordered.
Currituck—No Board of Health.
Dare—No Board of Health.
Davidson—Dr. R. L. Payne, Jr., Lexing-ton.
No report.
Davie—No Board of Health.
Duplin—Dr. J. W. Blount, Kenansville.
The sanitary condition of the county is reason-ably
good. There are some cases of malarial
fever over every portion of the county, but not
so general as the extreme wet weather in June
followed by the very warm weather of July
would lead us to expect. The sanitary condi-tion
of the public buildings is good. The
buildings are well ventilated, and kept in a
clean and healthful condition.
Durham—Dr. N. M. Johnson, Durham.
The healthfulness of the county for July has
been about an average for the same period in
former years. The sanitary condition of the
public buildings is good.
Edgecombe—Dr. Donald Williams, Tar-boro.
Whooping-cough has prevailed in all
parts of the county. The sanitary condition of
the county and public buildings is very good.
Forsyth—Dr. D. N. Dalton, Winston.
No report.
Franklin—Dr. E. S. Foster, Louisburg.
Whooping-cough prevails in several portions of
the county. So far as I can learn the health of
the county was never better. There have been
a few cases of continued fever of a mild type;
no sickness of apy seriousness. The sanitary
condition of the public buildings is very good.
Such improvements as are needed are had on
application to the proper authorities.
Gaston—Dr. J. H. Jenkins, Dallas. No
report.
Gates—No Board of Health.
Graham—No Board of Health.
Granville—Dr. Patrick Booth, Oxford.
There have been reported thirty cases of
whooping-cough, and six of typhoid fever. The
sanitary condition of the county is fair, and
that of the public buildings is unchanged.
Greene—Dr. E. H. Sugg, Snow Hill. Ma-larial
fever has prevailed in the county, but
there has been very little sickness of any kind.
The sanitary condition of the county is tolera-bly
good, and that of the public buildings is
good.
Guilford—Dr. E. R. Michaux, Greens-boro.
No report.
Halifax—No Board of Health.
Harnett—No Board of Health.
Haywood—Dr. J. H. Way, Waynesville.
No report.
Henderson—Dr. J. L. Egerton, Hender-sonville.
The sanitary condition of the county
is good. There have been reported two cases
of typhoid fever.
Hertford—No Board of Health.
Hyde—No Board of Health.
Iredell—Dr. M. W. Hill, Statesville.
There have been four cases of typhoid fever
reported. The sanitary condition of the county
is very good. Have heard of two deaths from
typhoid fever. There have also been a few
cases of cholera-infantum. The public build-ings
are in their usual sanitary condition.
There have been no cases of sickness at either
the jail or the poor-house this season.
[We are very glad to be corrected by Dr.
Hill in regard to the report we published last
month, that he had two fatal cases of typhoid
fever in his own family. The unfortunate
family in which these cases occurred lived out
of town. His report said "one," while we
read it "our" family, etc.
Jackson—No Board of Health.
BULLETIN- OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH. 53
Johnston—Dr. L. L. Sasser, Smichfield7
Malarial troubles, continued fever and five cases
of typhoid fever have occurred. The sanitary
condition of the public buildings is good.
Jones—No Board of Health.
Lenoir—Dr. C. B. Woodley, Kinston.
There has been some malarial fever in different
sections, and there have been reported three
cases of typhoid fever.
Lincoln—Dr. W. L. Grouse, Lincolnton.
Typhoid fever has prevailed in town and the
eastern portion of the county—I have had ten
cases in my own practice. The fever broke
out just after the heavy rains, and seemed
always to be from surface water getting into
the springs and wells. There is some dysentery,
no malaria. There have been five cases of
typhoid fever in the jail. It has seemed to
originate from an old cesspool above the well.
It was in the form of an old cellar under an old
house, not well covered. The jailer died, but
no new cases have occurred since the well has
been abandoned.
Macon—Dr. J. M. Lyle, Franklin. The
sanitary condition of the county is good. Only
one case of typhoid fever has been reported.
The sanitary condition of the public buildings
is also good.
Madison—No Board of Health.
Martin—Dr. W. H. Harrell, Williamston.
No report.
McDowell—Dr. J. H. Gilkey, Marion, who
has been the Superintendent of Health ever
since the organization of the Board of Health
in his county, has recently died.
Mecklenburg—No Board of Health.
Mitchell—Dr. C. E. Smith, Bakersville.
An epidemic of summer diarrhoea has prevailed
in all portions of the county. There have also
been several cases of cholera-infantum of a
severe type in and around Bakersville, compli-cated
with eclampsia; four deaths have been
reported. One case of typhoid fever has been
reported. The sanitary condition of the public
buildings is good.
Montgomery—Dr. F, E. Asbury, Asbury.
The sanitaiy condition of the county is good
—
better than for some time. There have been
reported twenty-four cases of whooping-cough
and seven of typhoid fever. The poor-house
is in good sanitary condition, but the jail is not.
Moore—Dr. Gilbert McLeod, Carthage.
The sanitary condition of the county has
been very good this summer. The cases of
gastro-intestinal troubles have been milder and
fewer in number than usual. There have been
reported four cases of typhoid fever. The san-itary
condition of the public buildings is good,
except the Home, which needs some repairs.
The County Commissioners have ordered this
done.
Nash—Dr. J. J. Mann, Nashville. The
sanitary condition of the county is very good.
We are having some whooping-cough now in
some portions. The sanitary condition of the
public buildings is good.
New Hanover—Dr, F. W. Potter, Wil-mington.
There have been reported four cases
of measles, twenty of whooping-cough, two of
diphtheria, fifteen of typhoid fever, and two of
pernicious malarial fever. I learn of some
continued fevers through the county, attended
with inflamation of the tonsils and uvula. The
jail has had an average of twenty-one inmates
during the month, wiih little or no sickness.
The House of Correction had eight prisoners,
two of whom were sick a good deal, one with
syphilis and the other with ordinary rheuma-tism;
both are better. The poor-house, or
County Home, had sixteen inmates, three of
whom are white; one, an old man named James
Martin, white, about 65 years of age (I pre-sume),
is in a complete demented condition.
All I can learn from him is, his name is "James
Martin." We found him down in the street,
and he was sent out to the poor-house a few
weeks sinee. Mary Martin, a consumptive
who keeps her room (in white ward), is fur-nished
her food at her own room from Mrs.
Pickett's table nearly all the time. Miss Fan-nie
Morse, on account of her leaving the. poor-house
and coming to the city, has been confined
in the insane department. §he has had fever,
but is now up again. Most of the evidence
obtained by the Grand Jury was from her and
another person, an old colortd man, Jupiter
Lov^fery, who was crazy a few weeks since.
54 BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH.
but is much better now. Miss Morse was sent
to the poor-house several months since at the
solicitation of her mother, Mrs. Soloman Morse,
and her brothers, who said they could not live
in the house with her, because she would at
times become furiously mad and beat her mother
with a broom-stick or anything else she could
get in hand, and swore terribly. The old man,
Jupiter Lowery, colored, was deranged for a
very short time, and is now quite cured. No
sickness now of any importance. I am sorry
so much has been said, unless the information
had been obtained from sane persons. I told
every Superintendent before Mrs. Pickett's time,
as well as her, never to treat the insane other-wise
than very kindly. I never saw a colored
person in Miss Martin's room, a white woman,
nor in any other white inmate's room. I have
never seen the white and colored eat together
in the same room or at the same table. I have
known Mrs. Pickett to feed the sick from her
own table. The white inmates occupy rooms
in a separate building from the colored. The
place needs draining, and I have begged and
importuned Mr. Owen Hausley, white man in
charge of affairs, to have ditches dug, etc. ; and
which, if done properly, would drain the prem-ises,
basement and all, perfectly. The last
time I made a demand he said it would be done
soon after the Commissioners met on the first of
the month. I remember well of saying to some
of the Commissioners that the contractor would
bear watching. He went off without comple-ting
the hospital—not a shelf, cupboard, bench
or anything in the building. I noticed, too,
that there was a closeness about the building,
and want of sufficient light. Mr. Bagg said all
would be made " O. K." I could say more,
but it is useless at present.
Northampton—Dr. H. W. Lewis, Jackson.
Measles and whooping-cough have prevailed in
some sections, and there have been reported
twelve cases of typhoid fever and one of per-nicious
malarial fever. The sanitary condition
of the county is fair, and that of the public
buildings is good. White-wash and lime are
used freely.
Onslow—Dr. E. L. Cox, Jacksonville. Con-tinued
malarial fevers have prevailed in all parts
of the county, and there have been reported
two cases of typhoid fever. There has been an
epidemic of hog cholera in the northern part of
the county. The sanitary condition of the
county and public buildings is good.
Orange — Dr. D. C. Parris, Hillsboro.
Bowel, throat and pulmonary diseases have
prevailed in all portions of the county. The
sanitary condition of the county is not very
good. There have been reported two cases
each of scarlatina, typhoid fever and cholera.
The sanitary condition of the public buildings,
except the jail, is good.
Pamlico—No Board of Health.
Pasquotank—No Board of Health.
Pender—Dr. S. S. Satchwell, Burgaw.
Malarial and typhoid fevers have prevailed to a
considerable extent. An epidemic of insanity
is prevailing, and has prevailed for many
months, among our negro population, especi-ally
among the women, and is giving us much
concern. We have no suitable accommoda-tions,
and our negro asylum at Goldsboro is
full to ovei flowing. What causes so much
negro insanity in our State certainly demands
inquiry.
Perquimans—No Board of Health.
Person—No Board of Health.
Pitt—Dr. B. T. Cox, Redalia. Malarial
and typhoid fevers and intestinal troubles have
prevailed in many parts of the county. Except-ing
our creeks and rivers, where there has been
considerable oveiflow by the past rains, the
sanitary condition of the county is good. The
public buildings are nicely kept.
Polk—No Board of Health.
Randolph—Dr. J. M. Boyette, Asheboro.
There have been reported four cases of measles,
seven of whooping-cough, and nine of typhoid
fever. The sanitary condition of the public
buildings is good.
Richmond—Dr. J. M. Stansill, Rockingham.
The health of this section of the county is very
good. There have been a few cases of malarial
fever, fourteen cases of scarlatina, four of diph-theria,'
and a few cases of typhoid fever. The
sanitary condition of the public buildings is
good, except at the poor-house, which needs
some changes. ,
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH. 55
Robeson—Dr. R. F. Lewis, Lumberton.
Whooping-cough has prevailed in some sections
of the county. Cholera has been epidemic
among hogs. The sanitary condition of the
county is fair; that of the public buildings is
good.
Rockingham—No Board of Ileahh.
Rowan—Dr. J. T. Summerel!, Salisbury.
Typhoid fever has prevailed in several neigh-borhoods,
and to some extent in Salisbury.
The sanitary condition of the county is about as
usual—some sections are healthy, while mala-rial
and typhoid fevers prevail in others. The
past ten days have been excessively hot, but
there have been no serious cases of prostration,
though the people have suffered much from the
heat. The public buildings are in good sani-tary
condition.
Rutherford—Dr. W. A. Thompson, Cliff-dale.
The sanitary condition of the county is
very good, and the health of the people better
than for some time. The condition of the pub-lic
buildings is unchanged.
Samson—Dr. J. A. Stevens, Clmton. No
report.
Stanly—Dr. A. C. Boyles, New Lcndon-
No report.
Stokes—Dr. J. W. Neal, Meadows. The
sanitary condition of the county is good. There
have been reported about forty cases of whoop-ing-
cough, one of diphtheria and ten of typhoid
fever. The sanitary condition of the public
buildings is good.
Surry—No Board of Health.
Swain—No Board of Health.
Transylvania—No Board of Health.
Tyrrell—Dr. Ab. Alexander, Columbia.
No report.
Union—Dr. W. C. Ramsay, Monroe.
Typhoid fever, remittent fever, and whooping-cough
have prevailed in some parts of the
county. " Typho-malarial," so called, has
been spoken of as prevailing t6 some extent.
The sanitary condition of the poor-house is
good. There is a new jail now being built, and
will soon be completed.
Vance—Dr. W. T. Cheatham, Henderson.
The sanitary condition of the public buildings
is good. No information as to the nature of
prevailing diseases.
Wake—Dr. Jas. McKee, Raleigh. The
sanitary condition of the county is good. There
have been reported one case of scarlatina, two
of diphtheria, and thirty-eight of typhoid fever.
The sanitary condition of all public buildings
is good.
W^ARREN—Dr. P. J. Macon, Warrenton.
No report.
Washington—No Board of Health.
Watauga—Dr. W. B. Councill, Boone.
There have been reported ten cases of whoop-ing-
cough, ten of scarlatina and one of typhoid
fever. The sanitary condition of the county is
very good, with very little sickness in the
county. The public buildings are all in good
sanitary condition.
Wayne—Dr. John Spicer, Goldsboro. The
sanitary condition of the county is good. There
has been an epidemic of cholera among hogs
and chickens. The sanitary condition of the
public buildings is good.
Wilkes—No Board of Health.
Wilson—Dr. A. Anderson, Wilson. Mala-rial
fevers have prevailed in all parts of the
county, The sanitary condition of the county
is good.
Yadkin—Dr. T. R. Harding, Yadkinville.
Typhoid fever has prevailed in nearly all por-tions
of the county; about thirty-five cases re-ported.
Our county is well drained at present,
save one portion, consequently we have very lit-tle
malaria. As to the precautions for the pre-vention
of typhoid fever, I cannot think our
people are up with the age. The sanitary con-dition
of the poor-house is good. We have no
jail, but will soon begin to erect one on the
best sanitary plans of the times.
Yancey—Dr. J. L. Ray, Burnsville. The
general health of the county is very good, con-sidering
the hot weather. There have been
reported four cases of typhoid fever. The jail
is not very well kept. The poor-house is mod-erately
well kept.
56 BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH.
Review of Diseases for July, 1892.
Chicken Cholera—Was reported from
Wayne.
Cholera—From Orange.
Cholera-infantum — From Iredell and
Mitchell.
DiARRHCEA—From Alamance, Burke, Chero-kee,
Mitchell, Moore and Pitt—6 counties.
Diphtheria—From New Hanover, Rich-mond,
Stokes and Wake—4 counties.
Dysentery — From Alamance, Burke,
Cherokee and Pitt—4 counties.
Flux—From Cherokee.
Gastritis— From Burke.
Hog Cholera—From Onslow, Robeson
and Wayne—3 counties.
Hydrophobia (dogs)—From Caswell.
Insanity—From Pender.
Malarial Fever—From Columbus, Cum-berland,
Duplin, Franklin. Greene, Johnston,
Lenoir, New Hanover, Onslow, Pender, Pitt,
Richmond, Rowan, Union and Wilson—15
counties.
Malarial Fever, Pernicious—Fronr New
Hanover and Northampton.
Measles—From Alamance, Carteret, New
Hanover, Northampton and Randolph—
5
counties.
Scarlatina — From Orange, Richmond,
Wake and Watauga—4 counties.
Typhoid Fever—From Alamance, Alexan-der,
Buncombe, Burke, Caldwell, Catawba,
Cherokee, Cleveland, Columbus, Granville,
Henderson, Iredell, Johnston, Lenoir, Lincoln,
Macon, Mitchell, Montgomery, Moore, New
Hanover, Northampton, Onslow, Orange, Pen-der,
Pitt, Randolph, Richmond, Rowan, Stokes,
Union, Wake, Watauga, Yadkin and Yancey
—
34 counties.
Typho-malarial — From Catawba and
Union.
Whooping-cough—From Alamance, Buike,
Catawba, Cumberland, Columbus, Edgecombe,
Franklin, Granville, Montgomery, Nash,
Northampton, Randolph, Robeson, Stokes,
Union and Watauga—16 counties.
Summary of Mortuary Reports for July, 1892.
(nineteen towns.)
White. Col'd. Total.
Aggregate population. 61,200 50,700 111,900
Aggregate deaths 103 153 256
Annual death-rate per
1,000 represented, 202 362 27.4
Deaths under 5 years of age, 130
Causes of death.
Typhoid fever II 1
3
24
Malarial fever. ... 3 3 6
Diphtheria-- i o i
Whooping-cough 3 i 4
Pneumonia . 24 6
Consumption - 9 II 20
Brain diseases 6 5 11
Heart diseases 369 Neurotic diseases.... 20 2
Diarrhoeal diseases 25 40 65
All other diseases 27 50 77
Accident O 4 4
Still-born 11 16 27
103 153 256
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLLNA BOARD OF HEALTH. 57
Condition of Jails and Poor-houses by Counties
58 BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH
Condition of Jails and Poor-houses by
BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH. 59
Condition of Jails and Poor-houses by Counties for July, 1892.—Continued.
6o BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH.
Mortuary Report for July, 1892.
Towns and
Reporters.
Asheville 1
Dr. C. e. Hilliard. J
Scotland Neck "I
J. D. Perry. J
Durham \
Dr. N. M. Johnson. J
Fayetteville \
Dr. J. H. Marsh. )
Goldsboro \
The Mayor. )"
Henderson )
Dr. A. Cheatham. J
Rocky Mount ^
Dr.G.L.Wimberly.l
Oxford \
Dr. P. Booth. i
Raleigh I
Dr. jas. McKee. j
Salisbury \
Dr. J. J. Surainerell j
Tarboro \
Dr. D. Williams. J
Weldon I
The Mayor. j
Wilmington I
Dr. F. W. Potter, j
Rockingham /
Dr. J. M. Stancill. \
Statesville I
Dr. M. W. Hill. \
Wilson /
Dr. A. Anderson, f
Hillsboro \
Dr. D. C. Parris. /
Winston 1
Dr. R. F. Gray. ]
Charlotte 1
City Clerk. /
Races.
White.
Colored.
White.
Colored.
White.
Colored.
White.
Colored.
White.
Colored.
White.
Colored.
White.
Colored.
White.
Colored.
White.
Colored.
White.
Colored.
White.
Colored.
White.
Colored.
White.
Colored.
White.
Colored.
White.
Colored.
White.
Colored.
White.
Colored.
White.
Colored.
White.
Colored.
Popula-tion.
Repre-senting
Annual
Death
Rate
PER 1,000.
7,500
3,000
500
500
4,.500
3,500
2,800
2,200
2,800
2,201)
2,256
2,000
800
400
1,700
1,600
8,000
7,000
2,850
1,650
1,100
900
750
9,000
12,000
1,000
700
2,000
500
2,000
1,500
600
400
5,100
4,900
6,000
5,000
10,500
1,000
8,000
5,000
5,000
4,256
1,200
3,300
15,000
4,500
2,000
1,435
21,000
1,700
2,.500
3,500
1,000
10,00:J
11,000
11.2
36.0
0.0
24.Q
16.0
17.1
12.8
32.7
21.5
21.8
0.0
42.0
0.0
30.0
7.0
45.0
37.5
37.7
16.9
21.8
32.7
13.3
0.0
64.0
30.7
21.0
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BULLETIN OF THE NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH. 6l
meteoroloirical Summary for :Morlli Carolina, July, 1892.
Furnifthed by Ibe North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station and State Weather Service.
H. B. BATTLr, Ph. D., Director. C. F. von Herrmann, Meteorologist.
STATIONS.
Asheville
Bakeisville
Charlotte
Chapel Hill
Douglas
Boone
Columbus
Kitty Hawk
Littleton.
Newbern
Lenoir
Morgan ton
Mount Airy
Oak Ridge
Pittsboro
Raleigh
Southport
Southern Pines
Salisbury
Weldon
Tarboio
Wilmington
TEMPERATURE (Degrees Fahr).
a
BU LLETIN
OF THE
NORTH CAROLINA BOARD OF HEALTH.
Published Monthly at the Office of the Secretary of the Board, at Raleigh, N. C.
SUBSCRIPTION FIFTY CENTS A YEAR.
H. T. Bahnson, M. D., /'r^j., .Salem.
J. H. Tucker, M. D., Henderson.
J. A. Hodges, M. D., Fayetteville.
S. Westray Battle, M. D.,. ..Asheville.
W. H. Harrell, M. D Williamston.
Geo. Gillett Thomas, M. D., Wilmington.
Prof. F. P. Venable, Chapel Hill.
J. L. Ludlow, C. E., . ... Winston.
Richard H. Lewis, M. D., Secretary and Treasurer, Raleigh.
Entered at the post-office at Raleigh, N. C., as second-class mail matter.
Vol. VII. SEPTEMBER, 1892. No. 6.
Ln the August issue of the Bulletin a slip
was inserted announcing the action of the Board
at a called meeting held August 7, in regard
to the vacancies caused by the death of Dr.
Thomas F. Wood. Dr. Geo. Gillett Thomas,
of Wilmington, was elected as the new member
of the Board, and Dr. Richard H. Lewis, of
Raleigh, for several years a member of the
Board, was elected as Secretary, The change
required a removal of the affairs of the Board
from Wilmington to Raleigh, and to avoid
interference with the routine work, the new
Secretary thought it advisable that the work be
continued in Wilmington until the 1st of Octo-ber,
thus giving him time to remove the effects
of the Board and prepare himself for the work.
All correspondents of the Board will please
take notice that, from this date, all communi-cations
should be addressed to Raleigh.
The epidemic of Asiatic Cholera, which has
almost reached the point of a pandemic, is still
raging in Hamburg, and to a less extent in
several other European cities, though the num-ber
of cases and deaths reported in the press
dispatches show that the disease is on the wane.
The wave has traveled across the Atlantic,
and is striving to ga!in an entrance into this
country, upwards of twenty great steamships
with thousands of immigrants coming from
infected ports having been detained at the
New York Quarantine. Thanks, however, to
the great energy and eiificiency of the Quaran-tine
officers of that port, the wave has struck a
firm barrier, and while a fe