Fiscal Year
2014-2015
Annual Statistical Report
North Carolina
Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice
Frank L. Perry, Secretary
W. David Guice Nicole E. Sullivan
Commissioner Director
Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice Rehabilitative Programs and Servicesii
Table of Contents
Table of Contents.......................................................................................................................... ii
List of Figures and Tables ............................................................................................................iv
Overview of the North Carolina Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice...............6
Vision Statement ................................................................................................................ 6
Strategic Issues................................................................................................................... 6
Appropriations & Expenditures.......................................................................................... 6
Section of Rehabilitative Programs and Services ........................................................................7
Supporting Successful Decisions ....................................................................................... 7
I. Prisons.........................................................................................................................................8
Prisons Section Overview .................................................................................................. 8
Costs of Incarceration for the 2014-2015 Fiscal Year........................................................ 8
Prison Admission Trends ................................................................................................... 9
Type of Admissions............................................................................................................ 9
Crime Type of Prison Admissions ................................................................................... 10
Prison Population Trends ................................................................................................. 12
Prison Population by Sentencing Grids............................................................................ 12
Inmate Activities .............................................................................................................. 13
Work Assignments ........................................................................................................... 14
Programs Assignments ..................................................................................................... 15
Escapes and Captures ....................................................................................................... 16
Inmate Disciplinary Infractions........................................................................................ 16
Prison Release Trend........................................................................................................ 18
Type of Release................................................................................................................ 19
Time Served by Inmates Released in FY 2014-2015....................................................... 19
Prison Population Projections .......................................................................................... 20
II. Community Corrections .........................................................................................................22
Section of Community Corrections Overview................................................................. 22
Cost of Programs .............................................................................................................. 23
II.A. Probation.............................................................................................................................23
Probation Entry Trend...................................................................................................... 23
Crime Type of 2014-2015 Probation Entries ................................................................... 24
Probation Population by Sentencing Grids....................................................................... 24
Type of Probation Exits.................................................................................................... 25
II.B. Post-Release Supervision.....................................................................................................27
Post-Release Entry Trend................................................................................................. 27
Post-Release Population by Structured Sentencing Grids................................................ 27
Type of Post-Release Exits............................................................................................... 28
II.C. Parole...................................................................................................................................29
Parole Entry Trend ........................................................................................................... 29 iii
Crime Type of Parole Population..................................................................................... 30
Type of Parole Exits ......................................................................................................... 30
II.D. Community Corrections Demographics............................................................................31
II.E. Sanctions for Supervised Offenders...................................................................................33
II.F. Supervised Offender Programs & Special Initiatives.......................................................33
Treatment for Effective Community Supervision (TECS)............................................... 36
II.G. Supervised Population Projections ....................................................................................37
III. Alcoholism & Chemical Dependency Programs .................................................................38
III.A. Community Residential Substance Abuse Treatment....................................................39
Enrollment in DART-Cherry............................................................................................ 39
Exits from DART-Cherry................................................................................................. 39
Enrollment in Black Mountain......................................................................................... 39
Exits from Black Mountain .............................................................................................. 40
III.B. Intermediate ACDP Programs..........................................................................................41
Enrollment in Intermediate Programs .............................................................................. 41
Exits from Intermediate Programs.................................................................................... 42
III.C. Long-Term Treatment Programs.....................................................................................43
Enrollment in Long-Term Programs ................................................................................ 43
Exits from Long-Term Programs ..................................................................................... 43
IV. Correction Enterprises ..........................................................................................................45
V. Appendices ...............................................................................................................................47
Appendix A: DAC Populations: Convicting County, FY 2013-2014 .......................................48
Appendix B. Listing of Prison Facilities ....................................................................................51
Appendix C: Listing of Adult Judicial District Offices............................................................54 iv
List of Figures and Tables
Table 1: Authorized Budget and Actual Expenditures by Fiscal Year........................................... 6
Table I.1: Daily Cost per Inmate for FY 2014-2015: State Prisons .............................................. 8
Figure I.1: Total Admissions by Crime Class, FY 2005-2015....................................................... 9
Figure I.2: Prison Admissions in FY 2014-2015.......................................................................... 10
Figure I.3: Crime Type of Prison Admissions in FY 2014-2015 ................................................. 10
Table I.2: Crime Type Prison Admissions by Felon/Misdemeanant Status................................. 11
Table I.3: Demographics of Prison Admissions: FY 2014-2015 ................................................. 11
Figure I.4: Prison Population by Crime Class, FY End 2006-2015 ............................................. 12
Table I.4: Misdemeanant Prison Population, FY End 2015......................................................... 13
Table I.5: Felony Prison Population, FY End 2015 ..................................................................... 13
Table I.6: Inmate Work Assignment by Work Category, FY 2014-2015 .................................... 14
Table I.7: Inmate Program Assignments, FY 2014-2015............................................................. 15
Table I.8: Inmate Disciplinary Infractions for FY 2014-2015 ..................................................... 17
Table I.9: Demographics of Prison Population on June 30, 2015 ................................................ 18
Figure I.5: Prison Releases, FY 2005-2014.................................................................................. 18
Figure I.6: Type of Prison Releases, FY 2014-2015 .................................................................... 19
Table I.10: Prison Population Projections, FY 2016-2025*.......................................................... 21
Figure II.1: Community Corrections Population on 06/30 by Supervision Type......................... 22
Table II.1: Cost of Programs for FY 2014-2015 .......................................................................... 23
Figure II.A.1: Probation Entries by Crime Class, FY 2006-2015 ................................................ 23
Figure II.A.2: Probation Entries by Crime Type, FY 2014-2015................................................. 24
Table II.A.1: Misdemeanor Sentencing Table for Probation Population on June 30, 2015......... 24
Table II.A.2: Felony Sentencing Table for Probation Population on June 30, 2015.................... 25
Figure II.A.3: Probation Exits, FY 2014-2015............................................................................. 26
Figure II.B.1: Post-Release Entries by Fiscal Year, 2005-2015................................................... 27
Table II.B.1: Sentencing Table for the Post-Release Population on June 30, 2015 ..................... 28
Figure II.B.2: Post-Release Exits, FY 2014-2015........................................................................ 29
Figure II.C.1: Parole Entries, FY 2006-2015 ............................................................................... 29
Figure II.C.2: Crime Type of Parole Population on June 30, 2015.............................................. 30
Figure II.C.3: Parole Exits, FY 2014-2015 ................................................................................... 31
Table II.D.1: Demographics of Community Corrections Admissions, FY 2014-2015................ 31
Table II.D.2: Demographics of Community Corrections Population, FY 2014-2015 ................. 32
Table II.E.1: Sanction Utilization, FY 2013-2014 ........................................................................ 33
Table II.F.1: Victim Notification Program Activity, FY 2014-2015 ........................................... 36
Figure II.F.1: Offenders Served in TECS by Risk Level .............................................................. 36
Table II.G.1: Probation/Parole Officer Caseload Projections, FY 2015-2016 – FY 2018-2019.. 37
Table III.A.1: Enrollment for DART Cherry, FY 2014-2015 ...................................................... 39
Table III.A.3: DART-Cherry Exits, FY 2014-2015 ...................................................................... 39
Table III.A.4: Enrollment for Black Mountain, FY 2014-2015 ................................................... 40
Table III.A.5: Black Mountain Exits, FY 2014-2015.................................................................... 40
Table III.A.6: Demographics of ACDP Community Residential Enrollees, FY 2014-2015 ....... 40
Table III.B.1: Enrollment in Intermediate ACDP Programs, FY 2014-2015............................... 41
Table III.B.2: Exits from Intermediate ACDP Programs, FY 2014-2015.................................... 42
Table III.B.3: Demographics of ACDP Intermediate Treatment Participants, FY 2014-2015 .... 42
Table III.C.1: Enrollment in Long-Term Treatment Programs, FY 2014-2015........................... 43
Table III.C.3: Exits from Long-Term Treatment Programs, FY 2014-2015................................ 43
Table III.C.2: Demographics of Long-Term Treatment Participants, FY 2014-2015.................. 44
Table IV.1: Average Daily Enrollment in NCCE, FY 2014-2015 ............................................... 45
Table V.A1: DAC Populations: Convicting County, FY 2014-2015............................................ 48 v
Table V.B1: Listing of Prison Facilities........................................................................................ 51
Table V.C1: Listing of Adult Judicial District Offices ................................................................ 54 6
Overview of the North Carolina Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice
The North Carolina Department of Public Safety was created in 2012 through the consolidation of the Department of Correction, the Department of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention and the Department of Crime Control and Public Safety. The Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice is one of six divisions within the Department of Public Safety. Adult Correction is responsible for the custody, supervision, and rehabilitation of adult offenders sentenced to community/intermediate punishment or prison. Adult Correction is responsible for the operation of Prisons, Community Corrections, Alcohol and Chemical Dependency Programs and Correctional Enterprises. In 1998, the Division developed a long-range strategic plan, which is based on the following vision statement and strategic issues:
Vision Statement
We, the employees of Adult Correction, envision an organization respected by the citizens of North Carolina for its effectiveness in responding to the problem of crime in our society and working collaboratively with others to prevent crime through community involvement. We see an organization providing public safety, opportunities for offenders to become productive citizens, and growth and development for employees. We see ourselves contributing to the creation of a society of law-abiding, responsible citizens.
Strategic Issues
• Lead proactively regarding corrections issues.
• Develop and train employees for personal and professional growth.
• Deliver effective services and programs using research and advanced technology.
• Emphasize cost efficient management of resources and accountability for high quality results.
Appropriations & Expenditures
At the end of the 2014-2015 Fiscal Year, the Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice had 19,2811 permanent employees, primarily working directly with offenders in the community or in secure facilities. The division is funded through legislative appropriations and receipts (e.g., Correction Enterprises). The total authorized budget and actual expenditures for the Division over the past five fiscal years are shown in Table 1, below.
Table 1: Authorized Budget and Actual Expenditures by Fiscal Year
Fiscal Year
Authorized Budget
Actual Expenditures
Percent Change in Actual Expenditures over Previous Year
2014-2015
$1,396,473,037
$1,369,196,669
1.17%
2013-2014
$1,389,799,158
$1,353,340,103
-0.62%
2012-2013
$1,423,972,223
$1,361,765,373
0.78%
2011-2012
$1,412,886,261
$1,335,725,318*
-1.78%
2010-2011
$1,365,379,681
$1,359,887,583
1.59%
*Excludes required transfers for Medicaid and other Departmental requirements
1 This number includes employees of the entire Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice. Source: N.C. Department of Public Safety, Human Resources Division. 7
Section of Rehabilitative Programs and Services
Supporting Successful Decisions
The Section of Rehabilitative Programs and Services provides assistance to other sections within the Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice and other Divisions of the Department of Public Safety. Staff have expertise in research methods, human subjects protection, statistics, program evaluation, and policy analysis.
The Research and Decision Support unit of the Section coordinates a variety of internal and external evaluation projects. Research assists staff to evaluate effectiveness, modify policies and programs, develop policies, and report outcomes to policy makers. Unit activities include the following:
• Obtain and organize topical information on research topics.
• Prepare statistical and topical reports.
• Conduct evaluations.
• Provide data and methodology review for evaluations.
• Review and approve human subjects research involving staff and individuals under the supervision of the Department of Public Safety.
• Provide answers to statistical questions about correctional populations.
• Develop computer programs to extract and report aggregate data.
• Analyze and interpret statistical information.
• Provide internet-based decision support tools.
• Prepare population forecasts and utilize simulation models.
• Develop a structure and process for planning.
• Organize and facilitate meetings of work groups engaged in planning and policy analysis.
• Consult on methods to develop, implement, and monitor plans and policies.
8
I. Prisons
Prisons Section Overview
The Section of Prisons is responsible for the custody, supervision, and rehabilitation of inmates. As of June 30, 2015 there were 59 state prisons in North Carolina; there is one additional contractual prison and 2 Confinement in Response to Violation Centers (CRV). In order to protect the community, staff, and inmates, the Prisons Section classifies prisons, inmates, and prison beds according to prison security designation, inmate custody classification, and bed security levels, respectively.
The Section Chief of Prisons assigns the security designation of the prison based on the physical boundaries and structure of the prison, the type of cells in the prison (e.g. single cells, dormitories), and the intensity and type of staff supervision (e.g. armed perimeter vs. unarmed perimeter). As of June 30, 2015 there were 14 close, 20 medium, and 22 minimum security state prisons, and one minimum security contracted facility; the CRVs are both minimum security sites.
The Section receives primarily felons however, some misdemeanants who cannot be housed within the Statewide Misdemeanant Confinement Program may be sent to a state prison. Sentences range from a minimum of 180 days for certain low-level felony or misdemeanor offenses to life imprisonment for crimes such as rape or death for murder. Prison staff classifies the individual inmate’s custody by analyzing factors such as current crime, length of sentence, past criminal history, and past prison behavior record. At the end of FY 2014-2015, 52% of inmates in the prison population were assigned to medium custody, 31% to minimum, and 17% to close custody.
The Section provides rehabilitative activities for inmates. These activities include jobs, educational programs, vocational programs, cognitive behavioral interventions, substance abuse interventions, mental health interventions, and religious services.
Costs of Incarceration for the 2014-2015 Fiscal Year
The Section calculates the average cost of incarcerating minimum, medium, and close custody inmates annually. The figures include the direct costs of inmate supervision/custody and programs/activities, and indirect administrative costs for Section support of prisons. The daily cost of incarcerating one inmate ranged from $72.64 in minimum custody to $94.72 in close custody, with an average of $82.26 in FY 2014-2015 compared to an average of $79.89 in FY 2013-2014.
Table I.1: Daily Cost per Inmate for FY 2014-2015: State Prisons
Inmate Custody Level
Average Daily Population
Daily Cost Per Inmate
Minimum
12,329
$72.64
Medium
18,460
$82.51
Close
7,109
$94.72
Average
37,903
$82.26
9
Prison Admission Trends
During FY 2014-2015, there were 23,367 admissions to North Carolina prisons. Admissions to prisons further increased nearly 3% during FY 2014-2015, after an increase of nearly 6% during FY 2013-2014. The increase in admissions is largely attributed to growth in felony admissions (7%). Misdemeanor admissions indicated a steep fall (23%) as the impact of the Statewide Misdemeanant Confinement Program’s creation, which as of January 1, 2015 requires all misdemeanants to serve sentences in local jails, began to level. Misdemeanants comprised only 11% of prison admissions during FY 2014-2015, down from a high of 34% during FY 2009-2010.
Figure I.1: Total Admissions by Crime Class, FY 2005-2015
Fiscal Year
2005-2006
2006-2007
2007-2008
2008-2009
2009-2010
2010-2011
2011-2012
2012-2013
2013-2014
2014-2015
Total
27,257
27,936
28,535
30,350
28,164
28,975
24,036
21,538
22,759
23,367
Type of Admissions
There are five types of admissions to prison: direct admissions, probation revocations, confinements in response to violation (CRV), parole/post-release supervision revocations, and safekeepers/pre-sentence diagnostic inmates. Direct admissions result from a court-imposed active sentence to prison. CRV entries are offenders under supervision in the community who have committed a technical violation for which the court has imposed a 90-day term to be served in prison before returning the offender to supervision in the community. Revocations of probation and post-release are the activation of offenders’ sentences due to new criminal activity, absconding, or after serving multiple periods of confinement due to technical violations (CRV terms).
Safekeepers are defendants who have not been sentenced, but are admitted to prison when detention in the local jail poses a danger to the inmate or when medical care is needed. Pre-sentence diagnostic admissions (PSD) are inmates who have been convicted, but the judge requests an assessment before sentencing.
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
05-06
06-07
07-08
08-09
09-10
10-11
11-12
12-13
13-14
14-15
Admissions
Fiscal Year
Total Entries
Felon
Misdemeanant10
Direct admissions made up 42% of total prison admissions in FY 2014-2015 while 43% were probation revocations2 or parole/post-release revocations. CRVs accounted for 11% of total admissions. Safekeepers and pre-sentence diagnostic admissions accounted for 4% of admissions.
Figure I.2: Prison Admissions in FY 2014-2015
Crime Type of Prison Admissions
Overall, 89% of the FY 2014-2015 prison admissions were for felony crime convictions. Crimes resulting in a prison sentence are grouped in one of three categories: public order, property, and crimes against a person.
Figure I.3: Crime Type of Prison Admissions in FY 2014-2015
2 Note that 43% of prison admissions due to revocation is not the same as the probation revocation rate. These prison admissions comprise a subset of offenders who had a confinement for technical violations or probation revocation for new crimes or absconding. It is computed as a percentage of offenders entering prison, whereas the probation revocation rate is the percentage of offenders who exited community supervision.
9,864 (42%)
7,898 (34%)
2,088 (9%)
2,619 (11%)
898 (4%)
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Direct
Probation
Revcoation
Post-Release
Revocation
CRV
Safekeep/PSD
Admissions
Admission Type
4,865 (22%)
8,107 (36%)
9,397 (42%)
100 (<1%)
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
Crimes Against a Person
Property Crimes
Public Order Crimes
Not Reported
Admissions
Crime Type 11
The most frequent crime type for prison admissions was public order and accounted for 42% of all admissions. This crime type included drug offenses, trafficking and non-trafficking (4,796), driving while impaired (2,179), weapons offenses (888), traffic violations (332), and habitual felon (946). Among public order crime admissions, 78% were felons.
Property crimes accounted for 36% of all prison admissions. The most frequent offenses in this category were breaking/entering (2,978) and larceny (2,451). Other frequent offenses included fraud (1,477), burglary (329), forgery (166), burnings (101), and auto theft (212).
There were 4,865 admissions for crimes against a person, which accounted for 22% of all prison admissions. Approximately one third (30%) of these crimes were assaults. Also included in this category were robbery (1,456), sexual offenses (581), and homicides (470). As with property and public order crimes, the majority (96%) of crimes against a person were felony admissions.
Table I.2: Crime Type Prison Admissions by Felon/Misdemeanant Status
Crime Type
Felon
Misdemeanant
Undefined
Total*
(%)
Crimes Against a Person
4,670
195
0
4,865
22%
Property Crimes
7,942
165
0
8,107
36%
Public Order Crimes
7,355
2,042
0
9,397
42%
Not Reported
3
0
97
100
<1%
Total
19,970
2,402
97
22,469
Percent
89%
11%
<1%
*Does not include 898 safekeeper admissions.
Table I.3: Demographics of Prison Admissions: FY 2014-2015
Age Category
Female
Male
White
Black
Other
White
Black
Other
Total
13-18
10
10
3
106
405
56
590
(3%)
19-21
94
59
19
589
1,348
175
2,284
(10%)
22-25
259
146
22
1,315
2,210
251
4,203
(18%)
26-30
478
142
27
1,752
1,933
233
4,565
(20%)
31-35
374
127
20
1,433
1,361
199
3,514
(15%)
36-40
293
83
12
986
1,065
137
2,576
(11%)
41-45
196
67
12
790
856
118
2,039
(9%)
46-50
115
71
8
578
681
65
1,518
(6%)
51-55
96
35
7
447
567
46
1,198
(5%)
56-60
27
18
1
205
281
17
549
(2%)
61-65
12
7
0
86
111
6
222
(1%)
66-70
9
2
0
36
29
3
79
(<1%)
71+
0
0
0
20
7
3
30
(<1%)
Total
1,963
767
131
8,343
10,854
1309
23,367
(%)
(8%)
(3%)
(1%)
(36%)
(46%)
(6%)
12
Prison Population Trends
After steady growth through the first decade of the 21st century, the prison population declined significantly over FY 2011-2012 and FY2012-2013, but rose slightly FY 2013-2014 and FY2014-2015. On June 30 2015, there were 37,794 offenders in the prison system, representing a slight (<1%) increase from the previous fiscal year end. The majority (52%) of the prison population was housed in medium custody; 17% were in close custody, and 31% were housed in minimum custody. There were 196 safekeepers in the prison population on June 30, 2015.
Figure I.4: Prison Population by Crime Class, FY End 2006-2015
06/30/Year
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Population
37,467
38,423
39,326
40,824
40,102
41,030
38,385
37,469
37,665
37,794
Prison Population by Sentencing Grids
Although nearly 11% of prison admissions in FY 2014-2015 were misdemeanants, this group comprised only 2% of the population on June 30, 2015. Of those misdemeanant inmates in the prison population at the end of the fiscal year, 89% were incarcerated for violations of the Safe Roads Act (DWI) followed by assault (7%) and larceny (2%). The remaining 2% included all other structured sentencing convictions for the misdemeanor population on June 30 2015.
The profile of the felon inmate population was very different from the profile of felon admissions to prison. Class A-E offenses represented less than a quarter (21%) of prison admissions during FY 2014-2015 but accounted for 64% of the prison population on June 30, 2015. This trend is consistent with FY2013-2014 where Class A-E offenses represented 22% of prison admissions but accounted for 65% of the prison population on June 30, 2015. These felons with long sentences remain in the population over an extended period of time and generally account for the projected growth in the
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
45,000
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Population
Fiscal Year Ending
Total
Felon
Misdemeanant13
prison population in coming years. For example, consider the difference between the number of offenders with Class A convictions in the population and admissions of Class A offenders in one year. There were 57 Class A prison admissions last fiscal year, while on June 30, 2015 there were 1,942 in the population. The sentence for these offenders is either life in prison or death.
Table I.4: Misdemeanant Prison Population, FY End 2015
Prior Record Level
Crime Class
I
II
III
Undefined or Non-Structured
Total (%)
A1
0
5
49
0
54
(6%)
1
0
3
25
0
28
(3%)
2
0
0
0
1
1
(<1%)
3
0
0
0
0
0
(<1%)
DWI
10
0
0
707
717
(85%)
9C*
0
2
11
27
40
(5%)
Other/Undefined
0
0
0
2
2
(<1%)
Total
10
10
85
737
842
(%)
(1%)
(1%)
(10%)
(88%)
Table I.5: Felony Prison Population, FY End 2015
Prior Record Level
Crime Class
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
Undefined or Non-Structured
Total
(%)
A
1072
143
110
67
10
12
528
1,942
(5%)
B1
969
677
324
225
51
40
0
2,286
(6%)
B2
1133
1204
671
457
93
65
0
3,623
(10%)
C
815
1009
1270
2040
921
946
608
7,609
(21%)
D
1174
1222
1061
914
331
335
177
5,214
(14%)
E
569
624
590
624
242
266
2
2917
(8%)
F
913
683
576
557
208
220
25
3182
(9%)
G
420
565
630
619
223
232
3
2692
(7%)
H
372
1046
1007
1119
594
813
21
4972
(14%)
I
78
187
130
180
83
151
2
811
(2%)
9C*
143
188
86
41
7
5
0
470
(1%)
Other
21
1
0
0
0
3
1013
1038
(3%)
Total (%)
7,679
7,549
6,455
6,843
2,763
3,088
2,379
36,756
100%
(21%)
(21%)
(18%)
(19%)
8%)
(8%)
(6%)
(100%)
Note: The totals from tables I.4 and I.5 do not include offenders committed as safekeepers (196 on 06/30/2015).
*Confinement in Response to Violation (CRV) Punishment
Inmate Activities
Prisons coordinate a wide range of inmate work, educational, and rehabilitative programs. Inmates are required to either work full-time or participate in a full-time program. Only inmates who pose a security risk, have health problems, or are in the admissions process are exempt from the policy.14
Work Assignments
In each prison facility, inmates are assigned a variety of jobs. Inmates are paid an incentive wage, which is set by statute for the majority of these duties. Currently the incentive wage ranges from $.40 to $1.00 per day depending on the work assignment. Most inmates who work (84%) do so inside prison facilities.
Table I.6: Inmate Work Assignment by Work Category, FY 2014-2015
Inmate Work Assignments
Average Daily Assigned During 2014-2015
In Prison Facilities
Unit Services
6,410
Food Service
3,163
Correction Enterprises
2,065
Prison Maintenance
1,791
Construction
369
Other Jobs
1,545
Outside Prison Facilities
Road Squads
1,381
State and Local Government
645
Work Release
928
Total
18,297
Unit Services- The largest assignment in prison facilities is Unit Services. Prison inmates in these jobs perform janitorial and general maintenance duties. This assignment provides a relevant job skill and is beneficial to the prison system because it reduces the cost of operating the facilities.
Food Service- Inmates work in the kitchens of all prison facilities preparing and serving food to other inmates. This assignment provides a relevant job skill and is beneficial to the prison system because it reduces the cost of operating the facilities.
Correction Enterprises- Correction Enterprises is a separate section of the Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice, which administers industries at prison sites. Enterprise jobs provide opportunities to put close and medium custody inmates to work inside prisons. Inmates are employed making car license tags, street and highway signs, farming, food processing, printing, sewing, laundering and manufacturing. These jobs teach workers job skills and a work ethic which will enable them to find employment upon release from prison. These jobs pay up to $3 per day based on skills required for the job.
Prison Maintenance- Prison inmates are also involved in grounds keeping, light construction, repair and maintenance projects at prisons. These jobs include roofing, plumbing, electrical wiring and other unit improvements. These assignments provide relevant job skills and are beneficial to the prison system because they reduce the cost of operating the facilities
Construction- In addition to cleaning and maintaining prisons, some inmates are assigned to new prison construction projects. Inmates are generally chosen based on pre-existing skills in the construction industry. Like the other categories of work assignments, this experience gives inmates valuable work experience prior to release and helps to reduce the cost of new prison construction.15
Road Squads- Minimum and medium custody inmates work on the state's roads, patching potholes, clearing right-of-ways and picking up litter. Medium custody inmates work under the supervision of armed correctional officers. Minimum custody inmates work under the direction of N.C. Department of Transportation employees.
State and Local Government Agencies- State and local government agencies have labor contracts for inmates to work for these agencies, often involving janitorial services and grounds keeping.
Work Release- Inmates who have proven themselves trustworthy for limited release from custody are allowed to leave the prison unit for jobs. These inmates are nearing their release date and work for businesses in the community. North Carolina started the first work release program in the country in 1957. Inmates on work release receive prevailing market wages from their employers, but must pay a room-and-board fee to the prison unit.
For FY 2014-2015 inmates paid the Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice $4,222,635 in per diem and $1,536,683 for transportation and job-related expenses. They also paid child support and restitution totaling $1,226,347. During this period inmates paid an additional $1,560,265 for personal expenses, spousal support and other family expenses.
Programs Assignments
Inmates are recommended for participation in programs based on interests, abilities, needs and whether the time remaining on their sentence allows completion of the program. At large institutions, academic and vocational education programs are offered to inmates on a full-time basis. These programs are offered on a part-time basis at other institutions.
Table I.7: Inmate Program Assignments, FY 2014-2015
Average Daily Assignment for FY 2014-2015
Full Time
Part Time
Academic Education
1,624
1,553
Vocational Education
1,644
528
Life Skills Programs
241
2,635
Academic Programs- The mission of the North Carolina Department of Public Safety’s (NCDPS) educational services section is to support the provision of educational instruction to offenders who participate in educational and vocational programs by equipping them with knowledge and skills that will assist in preparing them for successful community transition and employment development upon release. NCDPS partners with the North Carolina Community College System and other colleges and universities to provide a full range of academic and vocational programs. The North Carolina Community College System offers NCDPS offenders an opportunity to earn various Associate of Applied Science degree programs. In addition, the NCDPS has contracted with the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, East Carolina University, and Guilford College in providing eligible offenders with select college courses. These courses are provided at the correctional facility or through correspondence.
Each prison facility, and its community college partner, offers a variety of educational and vocational opportunities that range from basic education to the earning of a college degree. Adult Basic Education (ABE) is the primary academic program for offenders. ABE provides adult and youthful offenders with the basic knowledge and skills necessary to become literate. In FY 2014-16
2015, 1,861 inmates passed tests of a High School Equivalent Education, 630 earned AAS Degrees, and 293 received community college vocational diplomas.
Vocational Programs- A wide variety of vocational programs such as computer literacy, food service training, electrical engineering technology, brick masonry and job readiness are provided through local community colleges. Participation in these programs can help inmates obtain work with Correction Enterprises or a work release assignment. There were 1,217 Vocational Certificates awarded in the last fiscal year.
Life Skills Programs- Life skills programs include several types of programs such as parenting skills and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention (CBI). CBI programs teach offenders new ways of thinking that can lead to changes in their behavior and actions, and ultimately affect their criminal conduct. CBI programs use a combination of approaches to increase an offender’s awareness of self and others. This awareness is coupled with the teaching of social skills to assist the offender with interpersonal problems. These specific types of intervention programs assist offenders in “restructuring” their thought process and teaches “cognitive skills” to assist in basic decision-making and problem-solving. These programs are led by prisons or community college staff that have been trained by the division.
Escapes and Captures
The primary goal of the Prisons Section is to protect the community. While some inmates escape from prison each year, nearly all are apprehended. Minimum custody inmates are often on work release and participate in other activities in the community. Many escapes are the result of the minimum custody inmate not returning to the prison on time from his/her job, so a capture is recorded the same day. Eight of the ten inmates who escaped during the 2014-2015 fiscal year were captured by July 1, 2015.
Inmate Disciplinary Infractions
Inmate conformity to prison rules is necessary for the orderly, safe and secure operation of correctional facilities. Effective, fair and consistent disciplinary procedures enhance the orderly operation of the facilities and reinforce appropriate behavior and responsibility. The disciplinary offenses were reclassified in November 2000 from five classes to four and all substance possession offenses (e.g., alcohol or drugs) are now Class A. The most serious offenses remain in Class A while Class D offenses are the least serious infractions. An inmate can be charged with an attempt to commit an offense. If so, that attempt is in the same class as the infraction itself.
In FY 2014-2015 there were 61,597 infractions (see Table I.8), which is a 1.3% increase from the number recorded during FY 2013-2014. Approximately 12% (7,480) were Class A infractions, of which 23% were for substance possession. The next most frequent Class A offense was Involvement with Gang or Security Threat Group (STG), with 20% in FY 2014-2015.
There were 18,598 Class B infractions including: sexual act, damaging property, weapon possession, interfering with staff and lock tampering. The majority of the infractions in FY 2014-2015 were for Class C offenses, accounting for 48% (29,837) of the total infractions for the year. Out of these, 12,390 (42%) were for disobeying an order. Other Class C infractions include profane language, fighting, unauthorized leave, bartering, threatening staff, and theft of property. Possession of unauthorized items (including clothing and money), being in an unauthorized location, and gambling are some of the infractions that make up the Class D infractions.17
Table I.8: Inmate Disciplinary Infractions for FY 2014-2015
Class
Infraction
Count
A
Substance Possession
1,721
Assault Staff (with Weapon, Throwing Liquids or Sexual Intent)
850
Refuse to Submit to a Drug/Breath Test
279
Assault Person with Weapon
714
Involvement with Gang or STG
1,513
Fight Involving Weapons
392
Other Inmate Assault
92
Attempt Class A Offense
694
Other
1,225
Class A Total
7,480
B
Sexual Act
2,814
Damage State/Another’s Property
746
Lock Tampering
1,850
Weapon Possession
951
High Risk Act
1,753
Interfere with Staff
551
Threaten to Harm/Injure Staff
1,720
Other
8,213
Class B Total
18,598
C
Disobey Order
12,390
Profane Language
6,126
Unauthorized Leave
2,347
Fighting
2,790
Create Offensive Condition
270
Barter/Trade or Loan Money
616
Misuse or Unauthorized Use of Phone/Mail
1,445
Theft of Property
2,031
Unauthorized Funds
311
Other
1,511
Class C Total
29,837
D
Unauthorized Items (No threat contraband)
1,912
Unauthorized Location
2,814
Gambling
204
Illegal Clothing
319
Other
433
Class D Total
5,682
Total Infractions
61,597
Presumptive punishments are established for each infraction such as: confinement in restrictive housing for up to 60 days, demotion in custody, revocation of reduction credits and suspension of privileges, including radio access, organized sports, visitation, or other leisure time activities. Additionally, to offset the costs of staff time, there is an administrative fee of ten dollars paid by inmates found guilty of committing an infraction.18
Table I.9: Demographics of Prison Population on June 30, 2015
Age
Female
Male
Category
White
Black
Other
White
Black
Other
Total
13-18
2
6
1
39
161
31
240
(1%)
19-21
46
41
14
361
971
156
1,589
(4%)
22-25
158
120
15
1155
2478
340
4,266
(11%)
26-30
320
123
21
1889
3064
461
5,878
(16%)
31-35
346
133
24
1997
2808
545
5,853
(15%)
36-40
283
120
23
1680
2608
467
5,181
(14%)
41-45
209
100
8
1608
2269
302
4,496
(12%)
46-50
193
101
12
1372
1929
215
3,822
(10%)
51-55
106
64
12
1181
1579
147
3,089
(8%)
56-60
61
29
3
728
878
90
1,789
(5%)
61-65
26
16
1
404
418
32
897
(2%)
66-70
14
2
0
234
169
17
436
(1%)
71+
9
0
1
164
77
7
258
(1%)
Total
1,773
855
135
12,812
19,409
2,810
37,794
(%)
(5%)
(2%)
(0%)
(34%)
(51%)
(7%)
Prison Release Trend
Releases from prison are affected by sentencing policies and the stock population. As the stock population has continued to fall, the number of releases has fallen accordingly. However, during FY 2014-2015, there were 20,138 releases from prisons, a 3% increase in releases from the previous year.
Figure I.5: Prison Releases, FY 2005-2014
Fiscal Year
2005-2006
2006-2007
2007-2008
2008-2009
2009-2010
2010-2011
2011-2012
2012-2013
2013-2014
2014-2015
Release
26,457
26,986
27,637
28,860
28,889
28,048
26,685
22,455
19,495
20,138
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Releases
Fiscal Year Ending 19
Type of Release
Inmates are usually released from prison due to the expiration of their sentence, released on post-release (under structured sentencing) or on parole (sentences prior to Structured Sentencing or violations of the Safe Roads Act). The Justice Reinvestment Act extended post-release supervision to all felony offenses committed on or after December 1, 2011. Inmates incarcerated for Class B1-E offenses committed on or after December 1, 2011 have a mandatory twelve months of supervision upon release. Inmates incarcerated for Class F-I offenses committed before December 1, 2011 have a mandatory nine months of supervision upon release.
As a result, the majority (59%) of releases from prison in FY 2014-2015 are now assigned to a period of supervised post-release. Conversely, as the population of non-JRA sentenced inmates continues to shrink, a smaller percentage of inmates will exit with expired sentences. The percentage of inmates exiting due to expiration of their sentence further fell from 45% in FY 2013-2014 to 32% during FY 2014-2015.
Releases due to parole have decreased steadily since only non-structured sentence and Safe Roads Act inmates are eligible for parole. In FY 1998-1999, 21% of prison exits were to parole, whereas, during FY 2014-2015 only 4% of prison exits were to parole. The proportion of the prison population sentenced prior to Structured Sentencing has continued to decrease, so parole exits will diminish over time.
Safekeeper and Pre-sentenced diagnostic (PSD) releases are un-sentenced inmates who are held temporarily in prison. Most prison exits in the category labeled “Other” were court ordered releases, but also included the death of the inmate, Interstate Compact and execution. There were no executions in FY 2014-2015.
Figure I.6: Type of Prison Releases, FY 2014-2015
Time Served by Inmates Released in FY 2014-2015
North Carolina enacted numerous sentencing laws that govern when and how inmates are released from prison. In 1994, North Carolina enacted Structured Sentencing guidelines. The purpose of Structured Sentencing is to reserve prison for the most serious and chronic offender, and to incarcerate those offenders for longer periods of time. Less serious and less chronic offenders receive punishments in the community, or shorter prison sentences. Structured
6,375
11,861
729
907
266
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
Expiration of
Sentence
Post-Release
Parole
Safekeeper/PSD
Other
Releases
Exit Type 20
Sentencing abolished discretionary parole release and authorized judges to set a minimum and maximum sentence for felons and a flat sentence for misdemeanants, based on the severity of the crime of conviction and the prior record level of the offender.
Felony Structured Sentencing inmates must serve the entire minimum sentence and may serve the maximum sentence, an additional 20% above the minimum sentence. For example, an inmate must serve five years and may serve up to six years unless he/she earns credits off the maximum sentence for good behavior, working and participating in programs. Therefore, all felony inmates sentenced under Structured Sentencing will serve at least 100% of their minimum sentence.
In FY 2014-2015 there were 14,381 Structured Sentencing felons released from prison. Inmates can earn three, six, or nine days per month off their sentence for good behavior, working and participating in programs. On average, these inmates served 29.82 months in prison, averaging 109% of their minimum sentence.
Judges order misdemeanants to serve a specific sentence and they can earn 4 days per month off their sentence for good behavior, working and participating in programs. For example, a misdemeanor inmate who has a sentence of four months must serve 3.5 months and may serve up to four months. During this period there were 485 Structured Sentencing misdemeanants released, having served an average of 6.58 months, 96% of their maximum sentence.
Prior to Structured Sentencing, inmates were sentenced under several different sentencing laws which allowed the Parole Commission to release inmates early from prison to parole. The major determinants of when inmates were released from prison under these parole-eligibility laws depended on the good time and gain time credits the inmate earned. Prior to Structured Sentencing, as soon as the inmate entered prison, he/she was awarded good time credits which reduced the sentence by 50%, and he/she could also earn additional gain time credits off of the sentence for positive behaviors.
In FY 2014-2015, there were 75 non-Structured Sentencing felons released from prison for the first time. Those who were paroled and then returned to prison were excluded from these calculations. Since these inmates represented some very serious offenses, they served an average of 258.71 months before release. These inmates served, on average, 53% of their court-imposed sentences, due to good time, gain time and parole eligibility rules. During this period, 1,770 non-Structured Sentencing misdemeanants were released from prison; the majority of those were serving time for Driving While Impaired (DWI) convictions that fall under the Safe Roads Act. These inmates served, on average, 6.74 months or 54% of their court-imposed sentence due to good time, gain time and parole eligibility rules.
Prison Population Projections
Prison population projections are made on an annual basis in conjunction with the North Carolina Sentencing and Policy Advisory Commission (SPAC). The population projections were completed in two parts. The SPAC prepared prison population projections for all offenders sentenced on or after July 1, 2015 (new entries). The Division prepared projections for all offenders in prison as of June 30, 2015 (resident prison population). The final combined projections take into account the decline of the resident prison population (structured sentencing releases, parole releases and “max-outs”) and the buildup of the new inmates (new sentences, probation revocations, parole revocations and post-release supervision revocations). Added to these figures is the estimated number of safekeepers and misdemeanor offenders held in the state prison system. 21
Table I.10: Prison Population Projections, FY 2016-2025*
Prison Population as of June 30
Prison Capacity3
Fiscal Year
Previous Projection
Current Projection
Expanded Operating Capacity
Difference between Current Projection and Capacity4
2015/16
37,360
37,095
38,373
1,278
2016/17
37,522
37,304
38,373
1,069
2017/18
37,348
37,601
38,373
772
2018/19
37,462
37,367
38,373
1,006
2019/20
37,610
37,385
38,373
988
2020/21
37,829
37,642
38,373
731
2021/22
38,139
37,927
38,373
446
2022/23
38,581
38,395
38,373
-22
2023/24
38,983
38,868
38,373
-495
2024/25
39,224
38,373
-851
*Prepared February 2016 by the Sentencing and Policy Advisory Commission in conjunction with the Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justices’ Section of Rehabilitative Programs & Services.
The projections provide estimates of the prison population over the next ten years based on empirical data from FY 2015. With the various effective dates relating to the JRA provisions (e.g., offenses on or after December 1, 2011; probation violations on or after December 1, 2011), the parameters empirically derived from the data and used in the projections are based on a mixture of pre-JRA and JRA provisions. It is also important to recognize that these data reflect evolving JRA practices during the early stages of implementation and, as a result, are not necessarily representative of future practices. The annual adjustment to the ten‐year projections, using updated empirical information, will reflect the shift in JRA cases and criminal justice practices, ultimately enhancing the accuracy of the projections.
The current projection indicates a decrease in the prison population compared to last year’s projection. While fluctuations in the projections are expected as changes in criminal justice practices continue with the implementation of the JRA, the primary explanation for the decrease is the most recent legislative change to the commitment location for certain misdemeanants. With this change, all misdemeanants (including those sentenced for impaired driving) are required to serve their active sentences in local jails instead of the state prison system.
3Expanded Operating Capacity (EOC) is the number of inmates housed in dormitories that operate at varying percentages (not to exceed 130%) beyond their Standard Operating Capacity, plus the number of single cells with one inmate per cell, plus the number of single cells that house two inmates per cell. Standard Operating Capacity (SOC) is the number of single cells with one inmate per cell plus the number of inmates who can be housed in dormitories by dividing the gross square feet of each dormitory by 50 square feet and rounding to the closest double bunk configuration. SOC is projected to be 33,284 for each year of the ten ‐year projection.
Capacity estimates are based on projects funded or authorized. The EOC and SOC capacity estimates include decreases at Central Prison (32) and Fountain CCW(10) due to conversion of control beds to segregation beds; an addition of 32 beds at North Carolina CIW (6 mental health beds and 26 safekeeper beds) and a reduction of 2 beds (wet cells); a decrease at Eastern CI (48) due to the conversion of ICON beds to segregation beds; increases as a result of expansions at Maury CI (504), Bertie CI (504), Tabor CI (252),and Lanesboro CI (252); decreases as a result of the closure of Fountain CCW (374 SOC, 510 EOC) and North Piedmont CCW (104 SOC, 136 EOC); and increases as a result of re-opening Burke (200 SOC, 248 EOC) and Robeson (152 SOC, 192 EOC) as Confinement in Response to Violation (CRV) Centers.
4Positive numbers indicate that the current projected population is lower than capacity, while negative numbers indicate that the current projected population is higher than capacity22
II. Community Corrections
Section of Community Corrections Overview
Community Corrections provides supervision of offenders sentenced to probation or released from prisons on parole or post-release supervision. Probation and parole officers supervise offenders in the community by enforcing compliance with the conditions of probation, parole or post-release supervision and monitoring offender behavior. As of June 30, 2015, there were 100,868 offenders under the supervision of the Section of Community Corrections.
Figure II.1: Community Corrections Population on 06/30 by Supervision Type
Offenders on probation, parole or post-release are supervised based on the conditions imposed, their behavior, assessed risk of re-arrest and assessed needs. Probation and parole officers supervise low risk/low need cases with traditional probation strategies, primarily in an office setting. Offenders assessed at higher risk/needs levels have more rigorous contact requirements in their home and work environments following an individualized case plan. An offender who violates their conditions of supervision may subsequently receive additional sanctions from the court or Parole and Post Release Commission, or other supervision requirements mandated by the officer through delegated authority, such as requiring increased Community Service hours or drug screening or time in CRV. Officers are also responsible for supervising special populations such as sex offenders and domestic violence offenders.
Officers refer offenders to rehabilitative services and work with other agencies to encourage participation in programs such as substance abuse treatment, mental health treatment, educational and vocational training. Additionally, officers are responsible for a wealth of administrative work associated with serving the courts, such as pre-sentence investigations and processing new cases.
DWI, parole, non-North Carolina, non-judgment and deferred prosecution cases are not included in the intermediate and community populations, but are supervised by probation and parole officers according to orders of the court, Interstate Compact Agreement and/or the Parole and Post Release Commission.
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
FY0304
FY0405
FY0506
FY0607
FY0708
FY0809
FY0910
FY1011
FY1112
FY1213
FY1314
Total
Probation
Post-Release
Parole23
Cost of Programs
The Section calculates an average cost of programs annually. The figures include the direct costs of supervision and indirect administrative costs. The average daily cost of supervising one offender ranges between approximately $4 to $5, with $4.47 for Electronic House Arrest/GPS Monitoring of sex offenders and $4.60 for Offender Supervision.
Table II.1: Cost of Programs for FY 2014-2015
Section of Community Corrections Programs
Daily Cost Per Offender
Offender Supervision
$4.60
Community Based Supervision
$1.25
Drug Screening (hand held on-site/per specimen)
$0.73
Electronic House Arrest/ Sex Offenders (GPS)
$4.47
II.A. Probation
Probation Entry Trend
During FY 2014-2015, there were 54,247 new offender entries to probation, a 3% decrease from the past year’s entries. For more than 10 years, the proportion of felons and misdemeanants in probation entries remained consistent at about 28% felons and 71% misdemeanants. In FY 2013-2014, there was a slight shift to 31% felons and 69% misdemeanants. This trend of a greater proportion of felons in probation entries continued during FY 2014-2015, with felons representing 34% of the probation entries.
Figure II.A.1: Probation Entries by Crime Class, FY 2006-2015
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
05-06
06-07
07-08
08-09
09-10
10-11
11-12
12-13
13-14
14-15
Admissions
Fiscal Year
Total
Felons
Misdemeanors
Fiscal Year
2005-2006
2006-2007
2007-2008
2008-2009
2009-2010
2010-2011
2011-2012
2012-2013
2013-2014
2014-2015
Total
63,208
66,024
68,595
67,884
65,917
63,880
60,440
59,588
56,071
54,247 24
Crime Type of 2014-2015 Probation Entries
The crimes of offenders entering probation supervision are grouped into one of three categories: public order, property and crimes against a person. The most frequent crime type for probation entries was public order crimes, accounting for 53% of all entries to probation during FY 2014-2015. The predominant public order crimes contributing to probation entries this fiscal year were non-trafficking drug offenses (45%), driving while impaired (32%), other traffic violations (11%) and weapons offenses (4%).
Property crimes accounted for 31% of all entries to probation. The most frequent offense in this category was larceny (51%), followed by breaking and entering (16%) and fraud (16%). Other property offenses constituted 7% of crimes committed under this category, followed by forgery (4%). There were 7,777 entries to probation for crimes against a person, contributing 14% of all entries to probation for FY 2014-2015. The majority of these crimes were assaults (74%). This category also includes other offense against person (8%), robbery (8%) and sexual offenses (7%).
Figure II.A.2: Probation Entries by Crime Type, FY 2014-2015
Probation Population by Sentencing Grids
The Structured Sentencing Act prescribes punishments in the community based on the seriousness of the crime and criminal history. The probation population on June 30, 2015 was 89,106. The majority (56%) of this population was misdemeanant offenders.
Table II.A.1: Misdemeanor Sentencing Table for Probation Population on June 30, 2015
Prior Record Level
Crime Class
I
II
III
Other
Total (%)
A1
1,353
2,053
1,853
0
5,259
(10%)
1
7,681
8,803
6,663
3
23,150
(46%)
2
1,361
1,812
959
0
4,132
(8%)
3
1,139
532
724
0
2,395
(5%)
DWI
0
0
0
15,026
15,026
(30%)
Undefined
0
0
0
165
165
(<1%)
Total
11,534
13,200
10,199
15,194
50,127
%
(23%)
(26%)
(21%)
(30%)
7,777
16,871
28,964
635
Crimes Against a Person
Property Crimes
Public Order Crimes
Not Reported
Crimes Against a Person
Property Crimes
Public Order Crimes
Not Reported25
Just under one-half (46%) of the misdemeanant probation population was convicted of Class 1 offenses. The most frequent crime categories in the Class 1 offenses were larceny (33%), non-trafficking drug offenses (25%), traffic violations (15%), breaking and entering (5%), and fraud (4%). Class 2 contributes 8% to misdemeanant probationers; with the primary offenses in this class being assaults (22%), other public order offenses (18%), and traffic violations (16%). Class A1 offenses contribute 10% to the misdemeanant population; the majority of which were assaults (86%). The remaining class, Class 3, consists largely of non-trafficking drug offenses (51%), traffic violations (22%), and larceny convictions (14%).
The second largest group of misdemeanors under supervision was probationers with non-Structured Sentencing crimes, which comprised 30% of the population at the end of the fiscal year. These offenders were sentenced for Driving While Impaired under separate legislation, the Safe Roads Act of 1983. Other non-Structured Sentencing offenders included offenders supervised under Deferred Prosecution.
Table II.A.2: Felony Sentencing Table for Probation Population on June 30, 2015
Crime Class
Prior Record Level
Total (%)
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
Other
E
1032
738
99
11
5
0
3
1888
5%
F
1830
1402
632
143
17
7
28
4059
10%
G
1132
1674
1026
510
4
3
6
4355
11%
H
6028
5397
2332
1426
300
28
51
1556
40%
I
3881
2853
1493
745
182
152
47
9353
24%
Other
0
0
0
0
0
0
3,432
3,432
9%
Undefined
160
81
34
6
3
1
45
330
1%
Total (%)
14,063
12,145
5,616
2,841
511
191
3,612
38,97
36%
31%
14%
7%
1%
0%
9%
Note: The ‘Undefined’ category contains offenders that had missing crime information.
The felony sentencing table above describes felons in the probation population at the end of FY 2014-2015. The felony crime class with the largest number in the probation population is Class H, representing 40% of all felons on probation. The offenses in this crime class included larceny (24%), breaking and entering (22%), fraud (22%), and drug charges (19%). Class I offenses represented 24% of probationers with felony convictions, largely non-trafficking drug offenses (69%) and breaking and entering (9%). Classes E, F and G represented the smallest proportion of felons with a structured sentence on probation on June 30, 2015. Though the majority of these crimes were drug related offenses (18%); these classes also included more serious crimes such as drug trafficking (13%), weapons offenses (13%), assault (12%) and sexual offenses (12%).
Type of Probation Exits
Completions accounted for 16% of the 57,526 probation exits in FY 2014-2015. In order to exit probation supervision as a completion, the offender must serve the entire term sentenced by the court and meet all conditions of probation.
Revocations represented 18% of all exits from probation (probation revocation rate), an 8% decrease from FY 2014-2015. An offender is revoked due to non-compliance with the conditions of probation which includes committing a new crime or absconding. 26
Offenders may also be revoked for technical violations of probation such as positive drug tests, non-reporting and failing to attend treatment but only after they have served two periods of confinement in response to violation.
The exits classified as ‘Elect to Serve’ (<1%) are often combined with the revocations for an overall revocation rate because the offender will elect to serve his or her suspended sentence rather than comply with additional sanctions imposed as a result of the violation process. Both exits result in incarceration in state prisons or county jails.
The decrease in the revocation rate is a result of the confinement in response to violation (CRV) sanction instituted by the Justice Reinvestment Act. CRV sanctions are not considered exits because supervision resumes after the sanction is complete.
Early terminations, which accounted for 47% of exits, may be a successful or unsuccessful end of probation supervision. The court may satisfactorily terminate probation for several reasons. These may be cases in which all conditions of probation were met early and the supervision ended. Other possibilities for exits in the early termination category are considered unsuccessful. Examples include, probation cases in which the offender absconded and is not apprehended prior to the expiration of the case, also known as an “expired absconder” in which case, the probationer is moved to unsupervised probation with District Attorney’s approval, or probation ended due to incarceration on an unrelated conviction.
Finally, the “Other Exits” category includes exits due to the offender’s death, the closure of a case sentenced in another state, but supervised in North Carolina through an Interstate Compact Agreement or other termination not further described.
Figure II.A.3: Probation Exits, FY 2014-2015
9,279
10,550
27,245
20
10,432
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
Completion
Revocation
Early Termination
Elect to Serve
Other
Probation Exits
Exit Reason 27
II.B. Post-Release Supervision
Post-Release Entry Trend
During FY 2014-2015, there were 10,218 entries to post-release supervision. There were approximately 2,000 annual entries to post-release supervision from FY 2005-2006 through FY 2010-2011. The sharp increases beginning in FY 2011-2012 are a result of the first full year of implementation under the Justice Reinvestment Act (JRA), in which all felons exiting prison receive a period of post-release supervision.
Figure II.B.1: Post-Release Entries by Fiscal Year, 2005-2015
Fiscal Year
2005-2006
2006-2007
2007-2008
2008-2009
2009-2010
2010-2011
2011-2012
2012-2013
2013-2014
2014-2015
Total
1,764
2,027
2,124
2,246
2,240
2,430
2,832
4,667
7,907
10,218
Post-release supervision provides oversight during the period of re-entry in the community for offenders who have been sentenced and served prison terms. This form of supervision was incorporated into the Structured Sentencing Act initially only for serious offenders who serve long prison sentences and need control and assistance readjusting to life outside of the correctional institution. Under Structured Sentencing all offenders serving a prison sentence for a Class B1 through E felony conviction are supervised for nine months to five years, depending on the offense, after completion of their required prison term.
JRA requires post-release supervision for all felony offenses committed on or after December 1, 2011. Offenders serving a prison sentence for Class B1 through E felony convictions are supervised for twelve months; Class F-I are supervised for nine months; sex offenders convicted of registerable offenses are supervised up to five years depending on the date of the offense.
Also beginning in FY 2011-2012, a new level for Driving While Impaired (DWI) was legislated. Individuals convicted of Aggravated DWI are assigned a four month period of post-release supervision upon completion of any prison term imposed.
Post-Release Population by Structured Sentencing Grids
The Sentencing Grid reflects the population on post-release supervision at the end of FY 2014-2015. The distribution of the offenders on post-release supervision will not adequately reflect the prison population convicted of these crimes for many years due to the long sentences they serve.
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
05-06
06-07
07-08
08-09
09-10
10-11
11-12
12-13
13-14
14-15
Admissions
Fiscal Year 28
Table II.B.1: Sentencing Table for the Post-Release Population on June 30, 2015
Prior Record Level
Crime Class
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
Other
Total (%)
B1
57
17
4
1
0
0
0
79
1%
B2
115
82
24
4
3
0
0
228
2%
C
287
299
245
262
92
54
0
1,239
12%
D
289
243
160
88
18
23
0
821
8%
E
329
356
229
180
51
47
0
1,192
12%
F
210
266
193
181
36
27
0
913
9%
G
139
346
339
239
66
39
0
1,168
11%
H
463
1,027
851
741
282
277
0
3,641
35%
I
119
258
157
218
79
130
0
961
9%
Undefined
68
8
11
0
0
0
26
113
1%
Total
2,076
2,902
2,213
1,91
627
597
26
10,355
(%)
20%
28%
21%
19%
6%
6%
0%
There were 10,355 inmates on post-release at the end of this fiscal year. This figure reflects a 31% increase from FY 2013-2014 which was an increase of 187% from the population at the end of FY 2011-2012. More offenders on post-release supervision on June 30, 2015 were convicted of Class H offenses (35%) than any other class.
Class C offenses were next most numerous, the majority of the offenders having served convictions as habitual felons (44%) or for sexual assault (39%). Among inmates supervised for Class D offenses, 56% had robbery convictions. The other predominant crime categories in Class D were sexual assault (16%), burglary (13%) and manslaughter (7%). The majority of Class E convictions were assaults (31%). Other crime categories for Class E offenses on post-release supervision were kidnapping and abduction (13%), robbery (13%), and habitual felon (11%). The primary undefined offenses were breaking and entering (29%) and larceny (26%).
All inmates released to post-release supervision for conviction of sexual offenses are supervised for five years. As a group, offenders on post-release on June 30, 2015 had most recently been incarcerated for drugs non-trafficking (14%), breaking and entering (13%), robbery (9%), and sexual offenses (9%). Habitual felons accounted for 7% of the year ending post-release supervision population.
Type of Post-Release Exits
The majority (70%) of exits from post-release supervision were completions. When the offender completes this period of supervision, the sentence for which the offender was placed on supervision is terminated. An offender on post-release supervision may be revoked for a technical violation such as positive drug tests, non-reporting, failing to attend treatment or for additional criminal convictions.
In FY 2014-2015 there were 2,132 revocations, 60 offenders died, supervision was otherwise terminated for 240 offenders, supervision was unsatisfactorily terminated for 107 offenders and 21 post release offenders had a miscellaneous exit status, which included closed cases to other states etc.29
Figure II.B.2: Post-Release Exits, FY 2014-2015
II.C. Parole
Parole Entry Trend
During FY 2014-2015, there were 816 entries to parole supervision. Overall, there has been a steady decline in parole entries over the past ten years with 2009-2010 and 2014-15 being the exceptions. Any entries to parole were individuals sentenced prior to the adoption of Structured Sentencing or convictions for DWI under the Safe Roads Act. The Structured Sentencing Act eliminated parole for offenders sentenced under those laws.
Figure II.C.1: Parole Entries, FY 2006-2015
Fiscal Year
2005-2006
2006-2007
2007-2008
2008-2009
2009-2010
2010-2011
2011-2012
2012-2013
2013-2014
2014-2015
Total
1,870
1,767
1,690
1,584
1,669
1,520
1,196
867
784
816
The inmates who are eligible for parole were sentenced for convictions under other sentencing laws. Non-Structured Sentencing inmates comprised less than 11% of the prison population on June 30, 2015. Approximately 12% of the entries to parole during FY 2014-2015 were sentenced
6,064
2,132
428
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
Completion
Revocation
Other
Post-Release Exits
Exit Reason
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
2,000
05-06
06-07
07-08
08-09
09-10
10-11
11-12
12-13
13-14
14-15
Admissions
Fiscal Year 30
under DWI laws; the largest proportion of parole entries (58%) was through Interstate Compact agreements.
Crime Type of Parole Population
There were 1,407 offenders on parole supervision on June 30, 2015. The majority of this population was convicted of crimes against a person (45%); the greater part of which were homicides (27%), which includes first degree murder (11%), second degree murder (14%) and manslaughter (2%). These crimes were followed by robbery (29%), assault (18%), and sex offenses (11%).
Slightly more than one-quarter (26%) of the population were convicted of public order crimes, which included drug offenses (65%) and driving while impaired (17%). Individuals convicted of property crimes made up 18% of the population on parole. The most frequent property crimes were burglary (48%), larceny (24%) and fraud (12%).
Figure II.C.2: Crime Type of Parole Population on June 30, 2015
Type of Parole Exits
There were 820 exits from parole during FY 2014-2015. Fewer than half (40%) of these exits from parole supervision were completions. There were 23 (3%) exits from parole supervision due to revocation. An offender on parole supervision may be revoked for the same reasons as probation and post-release cases.
The ‘Other Exits’ category (58%) includes cases in which there was a closure of a case supervised in North Carolina but sentenced in another state (411 cases, 87% of ‘Other Exits’), a successful or unsuccessful termination, or the offender died. During FY 2014-2015, 15 parolees died.
634
259
370
144
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Crimes Against a Person
Property Crimes
Public Order Crimes
Not Reported
Parole Population
Crime Type 31
Figure II.C.3: Parole Exits, FY 2014-2015
II.D. Community Corrections Demographics
Table II.D.1: Demographics of Community Corrections Admissions, FY 2014-2015
Age Category
Female
Male
White
Black
Other
White
Black
Other
Total
13-18
305
287
54
1,151
1,522
309
3,628
(6%)
19-21
733
671
103
2,103
2,716
413
6,739
(10%)
22-25
1,403
1,089
116
3,489
4,168
572
10,837
(17%)
26-30
1,824
970
135
3,947
3,895
635
11,406
(17%)
31-35
1,592
741
123
3,214
3,002
523
9,195
(14%)
36-40
1,229
534
83
2,343
2,200
372
6,761
(10%)
41-45
946
432
62
1,958
1,849
294
5,541
(8%)
46-50
688
374
35
1,641
1,600
177
4,515
(7%)
51-55
508
257
25
1,230
1,267
112
3,399
(5%)
56-60
244
108
18
744
761
61
1,936
(3%)
61-65
70
44
3
331
335
34
817
(1%)
66-70
47
11
2
144
129
6
339
(1%)
71+
22
6
1
79
51
9
168
(<1%)
Total
9,611
5,524
760
22,374
23,495
3,517
65,281
(100%)
(%)
15%
8%
1%
34%
36%
5%
324
22
474
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
Completion
Revocation
Other
Parole Population
Crime Type 32
Table II.D.2: Demographics of Community Corrections Population, FY 2014-2015
Age Category
Female
Male
White
Black
Other
White
Black
Other
Total
13-18
211
209
38
869
1,240
262
2,829
(3%)
19-21
781
741
114
2,586
3,487
583
8,292
(8%)
22-25
1,779
1,646
157
5,037
6,479
932
16,030
(16%)
26-30
2,775
1,776
207
6,261
6,545
964
18,528
(19%)
31-35
2,518
1,361
189
5,127
5,043
818
15,056
(15%)
36-40
2,049
1,121
151
3,861
3,815
591
11,588
(12%)
41-45
1,590
818
104
3,432
3,035
456
9,435
(9%)
46-50
1,181
664
58
2,721
2,539
268
7,431
(7%)
51-55
840
456
36
2,195
2,130
155
5,812
(6%)
56-60
436
224
21
1,283
1,261
124
3,349
(3%)
61-65
144
87
5
599
607
48
1,490
(1%)
66-70
72
26
2
317
231
20
668
(1%)
71+
41
7
1
197
100
14
360
(<1%)
Total
14,417
9,136
1,083
34,485
36,512
5,235
100,868
(100%)
(%)
14%
9%
1%
34%
36%
5%
33
II.E. Sanctions for Supervised Offenders
Sanctions provide graduated punishment or control in the community by increasing or decreasing supervision based on the offender’s behavior. Confinement in prison or jail always remains an option for noncompliance with the court or conditions set by the Post Release Supervision and Parole Commission. Available sanctions in North Carolina are listed in the table below.
Table II.E.1: Sanction Utilization, FY 2013-2014
Sanction
Entries
Population
Fiscal Year 2014-
as of June 30, 2015
Electronic House Arrest/Electronic Monitoring
4,952
1,718
Continuous or Non-continuous Split Sentence
17,326
3,135
Residential Community Correction Facility
1,569
400
Drug Treatment Court
678
333
Electronic House Arrest (EHA): Community Corrections continued its operation of the EHA Sanction during the fiscal year, combining officer contact with radio/computer technology to monitor the offender. The computer, radio, and communication technologies provide assistance with control elements of supervision while Intermediate officers focus on supervision and treatment components. In this most restrictive community sanction, offenders are allowed to leave their residence only for treatment, employment, or educational purposes.
Continuous or Non-Continuous Split Sentence/Special Probation: A split sentence, also called special probation, is imposed by the court and includes a period of incarceration which the offender must serve. The offender may have a split sentence which allows him to serve only on weekends. In a continuous sentence, the offender serves time with no break (e.g., serves 6 months continuously instead of having the sentence broken into weeks and weekends).
Residential Treatment: Residential treatment facilities, operated outside the scope of the Section, exist to address specific treatment or behavior needs. Offenders ordered to participate in this sanction must spend a specific period of time living within the facility, usually from a 30-day period to as much as a two-year period. Most residential programs are operated by the non-profit sector, although the division does operate two residential treatment programs, DART Cherry therapeutic community and Black Mountain Substance Abuse Treatment Center for Women.
Drug Treatment Court: Drug Treatment Court uses a team approach that includes representatives from several local District stakeholders. After determining the needs of the Drug Treatment Court participant, a common case plan is developed with each member of the team having a specific role. The participant is placed under the supervision of a Drug Treatment Court Probation Officer. The probation officer provides community corrections case management.
II.F. Supervised Offender Programs & Special Initiatives
The Section of Community Corrections (SCC) offers a number of programs for offenders during their period of supervision. These programs assist in supervision and provide a specialized intervention design to address offender behavior and promote rehabilitation.
Community Service Work Program: The Community Service Work Program provides oversight of offenders ordered to perform community service hours for criminal offenses, including DWI 34
offenses. Offenders are assigned to perform service to local communities in an effort to promote rehabilitation and restore or improve the community. Over 2,340 individual agencies utilize community service offenders. The coordinators' role has expanded to include court processing throughout the state. The 226 Judicial Services Coordinators enrolled 48,256 offenders in the Community Service Work Program. Offenders completed 1,365,630 hours. The types of work performed were general labor, clerical labor, skilled labor, professional labor, and litter pick-up. The total dollar value of the hours performed based on the type of labor was $9,982,792. Community service fees were collected in the amount of $7,005,338.
Electronic Monitoring/GPS: Session Law 2006-247 (H1896) required the division to establish a sex offender monitoring program using a continuous satellite based monitoring system to monitor sex offenders in the community starting January 1, 2007. Offenders subject to monitoring include those under probation, parole, or post-release supervision, as well as certain offenders who have completed their periods of supervision or incarceration and no longer have supervision requirements, but who are subject to lifetime tracking pursuant to statute. G.S. 14-208.40(a) establishes two categories of offenders who are subject to GPS monitoring: (1) any offender classified as a sexually violent predator, is a recidivist, or was convicted of an aggravated offense (Mandatory GPS); and (2) any offender who has committed an offense involving the physical, mental, or sexual abuse of a minor and requires the highest possible level of supervision and monitoring based on the results of a risk assessment known as the STATIC-99 (Conditional GPS). Both categories require that the offender be convicted of a reportable conviction and is required to register as a sex offender. Offenders in the mandatory category also fall into the lifetime tracking category, and will remain under GPS once any supervision or incarceration period ends.
Domestic Violence Offender Supervision: The Section of Community Corrections recognizes that domestic violence offenders are a special population that requires unique case management expectations and a higher level of control and treatment during supervision. In addition to the general supervision contacts, there are other requirements that must be completed by the officer for domestic violence offenders to ensure public and victim safety. These include:
Inform the offender that it is a violation of federal law to possess a firearm or ammunition.
Check for an existing 50-B order at the beginning of supervision and every 90 days thereafter.
Conduct a warrantless search of the offender’s premises at the beginning of supervision and every 90 days thereafter ensuring that neither weapons nor ammunition are in the residence.
Attend one meeting with the offender’s treatment provider each month to discuss the offender’s progress.
At the close of FY 2014-2015, approximately 1,852 offenders were being supervised through the Domestic Violence Program. Domestic Violence case management combines effective use of supervision tools designed to assist the victim and control the offender along with treatment resources to break the cycle of violence. Community Corrections mandates three-hour Domestic Violence training for all field staff. All current staff were trained and all new field employees are required to complete the training within the first 45 days of hire. The training is contained on a compact disc (CD) so that staff can view the training at their work stations rather than traveling to a traditional training site. Each District has a copy of the training and is able to provide community partners with the training. The training is comprehensive and covers the topics which are relevant to community supervision of Domestic Violence offenders.35
Community Corrections continues to maintain partnerships with Batterer’s Intervention Programs, Victim Service Agencies, and Treatment Accountability for Safe Communities by maintaining Memorandums of Understanding (MOU) which outline local processes, protocol and roles of each party. The SCC will continue to develop partnerships at the state level with local and state agencies, coalitions, and victim service providers to bring a voice from across the spectrum to work together to provide best practices in shaping the Domestic Violence Program.
A Domestic Violence and Sex Offender Committee has been formed to review policy and legislation. The committee has been tasked with making recommendations for changes in policies or legislation. The agency will continue to look at additional resources that will follow evidence-based practices in effectively supervising this highly volatile population while providing the officer with the necessary tools to maintain offender accountability and to protect the victim.
Transition Services: The SCC works in collaboration with other sections in the division to provide support to offenders as they transition from prison to community supervision and after the period of supervision ends. The SCC is instrumental in planning, developing and implementing strategies that have a positive impact on individuals who are seeking to be reunited with their family and community.
Program staff assist offenders that are transitioning back to the community each year. Each year many offenders are being released without any place to go. The Staff work in collaboration with prison case managers and the probation field staff to locate stable residences for returning offenders, and establish relationships within offenders’ communities so that once an offender is released they have access to services.
Limited English Proficiency (LEP) Offender Program: Because North Carolina has such a diverse population, the SCC population consists of offenders from many different cultures and ethnic groups. Because Hispanics make up the largest portion of the Limited English Proficiency population, the SCC has had many of the forms, as well as, the Risk Needs Assessment Offender Self Report translated into Spanish. Although, there are still barriers for those offenders who do not read Spanish, the SCC has been able to utilize a telephone translation service to assist the staff with offenders who speak languages other than English. The telephone translation service was utilized 392 times during FY 2014-2015.
Victim Notification Program: The SCC established an Automated Victim Notification Program to meet the section’s responsibilities in the Crime Victims’ Rights Act, General Statute 15A-837. Legislation mandated the SCC to notify victims of specific crimes committed on or after July 1, 1999. The section has carried the notification process a step further in that we give every victim the opportunity to be notified and we will register victims only upon their request.
The notification process was established as a centralized victim notification program to ensure the accuracy of the automated notification letters that are generated by updates made to offender records in the OPUS (Offender Population Unified System) computer system. There are 26 different letters that cover the above mandated notifications. Each day the system generates approximately 114 notices explaining conditions of the offender’s supervision or movements into or out of an intermediate sanction, violations, hearings, absconding, capture, restitution modifications, terminations, discharges, or death. The program is staffed by 4 personnel in the Administrative Programs section, one statewide advocate notification coordinator and three information processing assistants. 36
Table II.F.1 shows the “snap-shot” numbers of victims that have registered for services and the offenders tied to those victims as of the end of the fiscal year. Also shown are the numbers of notification letters sent during the fiscal year.
Table II.F.1: Victim Notification Program Activity, FY 2014-2015
Division
Offenders
Victims
Notification Letters
First
452
600
4,842
Second
1,489
2,095
4,102
Third
964
1,425
8,984
Fourth
356
563
3,881
Administrative
190
304
1,457
Total
3,451
4,987
23,266
Treatment for Effective Community Supervision (TECS)
The Justice Reinvestment Act created the TECS which is designed to support the use of evidence-based practices to reduce recidivism and to promote coordination between State and community-based corrections programs. National research studies indicate that Cognitive Behavioral Intervention (CBI) programming has significant impact on recidivism. Therefore, the Department decided to designate a large portion of the TECS funding towards CBI.
The priority populations for TECS programs are offenders convicted of a felony or offenders sentenced under G.S. 90-96 conditional discharge for a felony offense; and offenders identified using a validated risk assessment instrument to have a high likelihood of reoffending.
Core services offered to offenders through TECS include cognitive behavioral interventions with booster sessions and a community based continuum of substance services to include outpatient, intensive outpatient, and aftercare/recovery management services. Support services such as education, employment, and social supports based on offender needs must also be addressed by vendors through community linkages and collaboration.
Figure II.F.1: Offenders Served in TECS by Risk Level
*L1 includes offenders not yet assessed by supervised as high-risk offenders.
3,682
4,370
3,676
621
37
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
5,000
L1
L2
L3
L4
L5
Parole Population
Supervision Level 37
II.G. Supervised Population Projections
Each year the Rehabilitative Programs & Services section projects the total number of offenders who will be under probation, post-release and parole supervision at the end of the fiscal year. The statistical model projects the supervision population based on aggregate data trends. The primary factors that influence the population projections are the anticipated number of entries to supervision and the estimated average length of stay for various supervision levels.
The population projection integrates Structured Sentencing probation entry projections for the next five years provided by the North Carolina Sentencing and Policy Advisory Commission. Length of stay and entries to probation for Driving While Impaired, post-release supervision and parole are derived by Division staff based on historical trends.
The Section uses a statistical model to project the population supervised in the community based on anticipated population and supervision standards. The five-year population projections use growth assumptions adopted by the North Carolina Sentencing and Policy Advisory Commission’s Technical Forecasting Advisory Group and data prepared by the Section.
The analysis shows that probation/parole officer resources remain below the level required to meet the supervision caseload goals. The table below shows the projections for the end of year population assigned to probation/parole officers, and the current position resources versus projected staffing needs.
Table II.G.1: Probation/Parole Officer Caseload Projections, FY 2015-2016 – FY 2018-2019
Fiscal Year
Projected End Of Year Supervision
Population On June 30
Required
Officer
Resources
Current Officer Resources
Additional Resources Needed
FY 15-16
101,837
1,885
1,876
9
FY 16-17
101,877
1,885
1,876
9
FY 17-18
103,915
1,917
1,876
41
FY 18-19
104,954
1,945
1,876
69
FY 19-20
106,005
1,965
1,876
89 38
III. Alcoholism & Chemical Dependency Programs
Alcoholism and Chemical Dependency Programs (ACDP) is a unit of the Section of the Prisons. Its mission is to plan, administer and coordinate chemical dependency screening, assessment, and treatment services for offenders. The unit provides regular training and clinical supervision for program staff, encourages input from all staff related program development, and is committed to activities directed at leadership development for program and district management teams.
ACDP promotes programming that reflects “best practices” for intervention and treatment, as established by the National Institute of Health and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Unit leadership embraces programs that are based on cognitive-behavioral interventions, which challenge criminal thinking, confront the abuse and addiction processes, and are proven to reduce recidivism. In addition, the unit provides information and education on traditional recovery resources available to inmates both while in prison and upon return to the community. All male prison programs utilize “A New Direction” curriculum, which is an evidence-based program emphasizing identification of destructive thinking patterns and replacement with constructive recovery-driven thoughts and actions.
One hallmark of prison-based ACDP programs is the use of treatment assistants who are current inmates in recovery from alcoholism and/or drug addiction. The concept of treatment assistants helping the treatment team is an integral part of corrections treatment design. Treatment assistants have completed residential treatment during their current sentences, and have participated in the ACDP continuum of care. Six months after the completion of treatment, inmates may choose to begin the treatment assistant application process. Selected male candidates attend an intensive 10-week training program.
Unique in some of ACDP’s treatment environments is the concept of a “Therapeutic Community” (TC) as the core component of treatment design. The therapeutic community model views drug abuse as a disorder of the whole person. Treatment activities promote an understanding of criminal thinking in relation to substance abuse behavior and engage the offender in activities that encourage experiential and social learning. The community of inmates is the main driving force in bringing about change, as inmates who are further along in treatment are used to help others initiate the process of change.
Unit programs encompass three major service levels for offenders. There are two community-based residential treatment programs for probationers/parolees; one for males and one for females. The other two categories established for male and female inmates consist of intermediate treatment services and long-term treatment services within 17 prison facilities. These latter services are provided within DACJJ prison facilities.
For probationers and parolees, eligibility for admission to a community-based residential treatment program is determined by court order or by the Post-Release Supervision and Parole Commission. Eligible offenses include driving while impaired or other drug charges/convictions.
Eligibility for prison-based treatment programs is established during diagnostic processing, and utilizes the Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory (SASSI) as a severity indicator of substance abuse problems. Based on the screening results, prison staff makes the initial referral to treatment. Upon admission to a treatment program, ACDP staff completes a thorough “common assessment” on all participants, which further defines the history and extent of the substance 39
abuse problem. Together, these measures establish final recommended treatment placement for participants in an ACDP program.
III.A. Community Residential Substance Abuse Treatment
ACDP provides residential treatment facilities for both men and women. The facilities are responsible for the delivery of chemical dependency treatment services to probationers sent by the courts and parolees released from the State Prison System and transitioning back into the community.
Enrollment in DART-Cherry
DART Cherry is a community residential facility in Goldsboro that treats male probationers and parolees. The 90-day program has two Therapeutic Community (TC) programs in separate buildings, each with 100 treatment slots. The therapeutic community model views drug abuse as a disorder of the whole person. Treatment activities promote an understanding of criminal thinking in relation to substance abuse behavior and engage the offender in activities that encourage experiential and social learning. The overall enrollment in DART Cherry programs increased slightly from 1,311 to 1,319 in FY 2014-2015. Probationers made up the largest portion (89%) of the offenders assigned to the 90-day program in FY 2014-2015.
Table III.A.1: Enrollment for DART Cherry, FY 2014-2015
Type of Supervision
Offenders Enrolled
Percent of
Annual Enrolled
90-day Parole
142
11%
90-day Probation
1,177
89%
Total
1,319
100%
Exits from DART-Cherry
The majority (83%) of participants at DART-Cherry exit the program as successful completions. The “Other” category includes exits due to administrative reasons, detainers, and illness.
Table III.A.3: DART-Cherry Exits, FY 2014-2015
Exit Reason
90-Day Program
Completed
893
83%
Absconded/Withdrawn
77
7%
Transferred/Released
6
1%
Removed/Discipline
78
7%
Inappropriate for Treatment
14
1%
Other
12
1%
Total
1,080
100%
Enrollment in Black Mountain
The Black Mountain Substance Abuse Treatment Center for Women is a 60-bed residential treatment facility that provides chemical dependency treatment services to probationers sent by the courts and to parolees released from prison and transitioning home to the community. The program embraces evidence-based practice design and provides a multi-disciplinary approach, focusing on group and individual therapy in addition to substance abuse education.40
Female inmates identified as candidates to participate in the Black Mountain program receive additional screening prior to assignment to ensure that the inmate is appropriate for treatment and that medical and mental health issues are stabilized prior to paroling them to the facility. The overall enrollment in Black Mountain programs decreased from 303 to 296 in FY 2014-2015. Probationers made up the largest portion (97%) of the offenders assigned to the 90-day program.
Table III.A.4: Enrollment for Black Mountain, FY 2014-2015
Type of Supervision
Offenders Enrolled
Percent of
Annual Enrolled
90-day Parole
9
3%
90-day Probation
287
97%
Total
296
100%
Exits from Black Mountain
The majority (74%) of offenders at Black Mountain exited the program as successful completions. The “Other” category includes exits due to administrative reasons, detainers, and illness.
Table III.A.5: Black Mountain Exits, FY 2014-2015
Exit Reason
90 Day Program
Completed
186
74%
Absconded/Withdrawn
8
3%
Transferred/Released
2
1%
Removed/Discipline
33
13%
Inappropriate for Treatment
20
8%
Other
3
1%
Total
252
100%
Table III.A.6: Demographics of ACDP Community Residential Enrollees, FY 2014-2015
Age
Category
Female
Male
White
Black
Other
White
Black
Other
Total (%)
13-18
1
0
0
15
3
1
20
(1%)
19-21
30
0
2
86
34
7
159
(10%)
22-25
49
12
3
178
66
14
322
(20%)
26-30
69
6
2
182
70
11
340
(21%)
31-35
32
9
2
110
50
8
211
(13%)
36-40
22
5
1
60
49
2
139
(9%)
41-45
17
5
0
56
42
4
124
(8%)
46-50
10
6
0
56
58
2
132
(8%)
51-55
6
3
0
42
45
2
98
(6%)
56-60
3
0
0
17
27
0
47
(3%)
61-65
1
0
0
10
10
0
21
(1%)
66-70
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
(0%)
Unknown
0
0
0
2
0
0
2
(<1%)
Total
240
46
10
814
454
51
1,615
(%)
(15%)
(3%)
(<1%)
(50%)
(28%)
(3%)
41
III.B. Intermediate ACDP Programs
Intermediate ACDP programs range from 35 to 90 days and were available in 12 prison facilities across the state during FY 2014-2015. Program lengths vary in order to accommodate a range of sentence lengths and those inmates who are referred late in their incarceration. Intermediate programs are back-end loaded, that is, offenders successfully complete the program and then leave prison immediately or soon thereafter. Programs begin with a mandatory 15-day orientation. During that time, ACDP staff conduct assessments to confirm the inmate’s need for treatment.
After the orientation, and depending upon the results of the assessment and the inmate’s level of motivation, the inmate may opt to leave the program. Otherwise, the inmate will continue to the treatment phase of the program. Treatment involves lectures, role play and thinking reports, and group counseling which is designed to break through denial about the substance abuse problem and introduce the inmate to recovery-based thinking and action.
Enrollment in Intermediate Programs
The majority of intermediate programs are open-ended such that weekly enrollments and exits are coordinated with Prisons transfer schedules. This coordination results in fluctuations in the number of inmates actually enrolled in the treatment program. The total annual enrollment for intermediate ACDP programs increased 20% (4,111 offenders) during FY 2014-2015 compared to the number of inmates (3,431) enrolled in FY 2013-2014. Much of this fluctuation in the last couple of years could be attributed to population management to address prison closures and subsequent program start-up at units receiving treatment slots from closed facilities.
Table III.B.1: Enrollment in Intermediate ACDP Programs, FY 2014-2015
Overall capacity utilization rate was affected by start-up programs. Piedmont Correctional Institution offered two levels of programming, medium and minimum. The program at Swannanoa Correctional Center for Women decreased treatment beds from 90 to 60 due to staffing shortages within the prison facility. Alexander reflected the lowest utilization rate and markedly different from all other facilities. The capacity utilization rate changed at several facilities indicating that changes in the last few years may require time to come to capacity with inmates appropriate for treatment.
Facility
Treatment Slots
Annual Enrollment
Average Daily Enrollment
Capacity Utilization Rate (%)
NC Correctional Institution for Women
68
431
65
96%
Piedmont Correctional Institution - Medium
64
525
70
109%
Piedmont Correctional Institution - Minimum
33
222
30
91%
Harnett Correctional Institution
33
166
28
85%
Pender Correctional Institution
106
686
100
94%
Johnston Correctional Institution
68
336
56
82%
Lumberton Correctional Institution
64
390
60
94%
Catawba Correctional Center
32
213
30
94%
Craggy Correctional Center
68
409
64
94%
Swannanoa Correctional Center for Women
60
229
55
92%
Rutherford Correctional Center
34
209
32
94%
Alexander Correctional Institution
80
295
39
49%
Totals
710
4,111
629
89% 42
Exits from Intermediate Programs
Of the exits from Intermediate programs, the majority (67%) were completions. Completion is defined as satisfactory participation in the program for the required number of treatment days. The next most common reason for exiting the program was removal (14%) of inmates from the program. The removed category consists of offenders who were removed from the treatment program by staff for administrative reasons or due to the offender’s behavior. The withdrawal category is made up of offenders who voluntarily withdraw from the treatment program against staff advice; ten percent (10%) of participants withdrew from treatment. Inmates who elect to exit the program are referred back to their Prison Case Manager for an alternative assignment.
Though every effort is made to facilitate treatment completion, inmates may be transferred to another prison facility or are released from prison during the course of treatment. Three percent (3%) exited as a result of transfer or release. When inmates are assigned to a treatment program, staff conduct thorough assessments of the offender’s treatment needs. Only 2% of the inmates who exited from the intermediate programs were considered inappropriate for treatment.
Table III.B.2: Exits from Intermediate ACDP Programs, FY 2014-2015
Exit Reason
Number of Exits
Percent of All Exits
Completion
2,054
67%
Inappropriate for Treatment
69
2%
Other
131
4%
Removed/Discipline
425
14%
Transferred/Released
72
3%
Withdrawal
300
10%
Total
3,051
100%
Table III.B.3: Demographics of ACDP Intermediate Treatment Participants, FY 2014-2015
Age
Category
Male
Female
White
Black
Other
White
Black
Other
Total (%)
13 - 18
1
0
0
0
1
0
2
<1%
19 - 21
12
31
3
16
7
3
72
(2%)
22 - 25
285
309
18
66
18
4
700
(18%)
26 - 30
380
284
26
126
25
1
842
(20%)
31 - 35
362
236
30
107
14
2
751
(18%)
36 - 40
228
195
27
79
18
5
552
(13%)
41 - 45
180
172
12
75
14
1
454
(11%)
46 - 50
133
147
12
29
18
1
340
(8%)
51 - 55
98
129
1
16
8
1
253
(6%)
56 - 60
44
51
1
6
9
0
111
(3%)
61 - 65
16
13
0
1
0
0
30
<1%
66 - 70
8
5
0
1
0
0
14
<1%
71+
1
1
0
0
0
0
2
<1%
Total*
1,748
1,573
130
522
132
18
4,123
(%)
(42%)
(38%)
(3%)
(13%)
(3%)
(0%)
*Does not sum to the total of enrollments and exits since some inmates both enrolled and exited during the same time period.43
III.C. Long-Term Treatment Programs
Long-term treatment programs within ACDP range from 120 to 365 days. These programs are reserved for offenders who are in need of intensive treatment as indicated by SASSI scores of 4 or 5, whose abuse history is both lengthy and severe, and those with multiple treatment episodes. Long-term treatment programs address substance abuse and criminal thinking issues throughout the treatment process. All long-term programs are back-end loaded, that is, offenders successfully complete the program and then leave prison immediately or soon thereafter. Programs utilize a modified Therapeutic Community (TC) model in the correctional environment.
Enrollment in Long-Term Programs
The overall enrollment in long-term programs decreased slightly from 1,079 to 1,015 while the overall capacity utilization rate for long-term programs was at 76% during FY 2014-2015. This is partially due to two facilities closing resulting in a realignment of program capacity at other facilities, with the likelihood of creating a brief delay in assigning inmates to programs.
Table III.C.1: Enrollment in Long-Term Treatment Programs, FY 2014-2015
Exits from Long-Term Programs
In total, 647 inmates exited a prison long-term substance abuse treatment program during FY 2014-2015. Less than one-half (41%) successfully completed the program requirements. Approximately one third (32%) exited for behavioral or clinical problems identified by program or custody staff. The prison long-term treatment programs have the highest proportion of exits due to removal by staff for a number of reasons. By definition, these are the longest treatment programs so there is more opportunity for a disciplinary infraction to occur. Additionally, the population served by these prison programs is also a significant factor in these inmates are often individuals with a high-risk for rearrest.
Table III.C.3: Exits from Long-Term Treatment Programs, FY 2014-2015
Exit Reason
Number of Exits
Percent of Exits
Completion
264
41%
Inappropriate for treatment
10
2%
Other
20
3%
Removed/Discipline
206
32%
Transferred/Released/Out to Court
28
4%
Withdrawal
119
18%
Total
647
100%
Facility
Treatment Slots
Annual Enrollment
Average Daily Enrollment
Capacity Utilization Rate
NC Correctional Institution for Women
34
97
32
94%
Fountain Correctional Center for Women
42
49
24
57%
Southern Correctional Institution
32
87
20
63%
Dan River Work Farm
68
284
61
90%
Eastern Correctional Institution
64
69
34
53%
Morrison Correctional Institution
88
273
76
86%
Polk Correctional Institution
32
156
26
81%
Totals
360
1,015
272
76% 44
Participant withdrawal (18%) was the next most frequent exit reason. The withdrawal category is made up of offenders who voluntarily exit the treatment program against staff advice. Another 2% of long-term treatment program exits were inmates inappropriately assigned to treatment or deemed medically incapable. This type of exit occurs after program staff conduct assessments of the inmates during the orientation phase of the treatment program. An additional 4% transferred to another facility, were released from prison due to coming to the end of their sentence or went out to court for more than three consecutive days.
Table III.C.2: Demographics of Long-Term Treatment Participants, FY 2014-2015
Age Category
Male
Female
White
Black
Other
White
Black
Other
Total (%)
13-18
6
13
0
0
0
0
19
(2%)
19-21
67
71
5
5
3
0
151
(15%)
22-25
70
65
5
24
2
0
166
(17%)
26-30
61
54
6
44
8
6
179
(18%)
31-35
63
34
5
64
10
1
177
(17%)
36-40
33
25
2
44
8
1
113
(11%)
41-45
17
24
0
23
11
1
76
(8%)
46-50
22
20
0
15
9
0
66
(7%)
51-55
10
14
1
13
7
0
45
(4%)
56-60
4
7
1
2
0
0
14
(1%)
61-65
3
4
0
0
1
0
8
<1%
66-70
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
<1%
71+
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
(0%)
Total*
356
332
25
234
59
9
1,015
(%)
(35%)
(33%)
(2%)
(23%)
(6%)
(1%)
*Does not sum to the total of enrollments and exits.45
IV. Correction Enterprises
North Carolina Correction Enterprises (NCCE) is the prison industry section of the division. NCCE's goal is to provide meaningful work experiences and rehabilitative opportunities for inmates during incarceration, and provide quality goods and services to tax-supported entities at a savings to the taxpayers. Correction Enterprises works with other state agencies, such as the Department of Labor, the Employment Security Commission and Community Colleges, to assist inmates in developing work skills and achieve competencies necessary for obtaining and holding jobs upon release. The objective is for the former offender to obtain and maintain gainful employment upon release, thus significantly reducing his/her recidivism risk.
In 2012, NCCE implemented a strategic plan to define the agency’s mission, vision, core values and achievements for the next five years. The plan lays out specific goals that Correction Enterprises has embarked upon and will strive to accomplish by the end of Fiscal Year 2017. The goals and objectives include:
• Improve Customer Experience
• Increase Opportunities for Inmate Success
• Increase Market Share
• Maintain Financial Stability
• Improve Organizational Efficiencies
• Increase Environmental Responsibility
• Implement New Product Development
For the FY 2014-2015, the total sales for NCCE were $96,218,735. After accounting for the cost of sales, operating expenses and transfers to other funds the NCCE net income was a gain of $2,266,066, a marked difference from FY 2013-2014 where NCCE showed net income as a loss of $728,576.
In the FY 2014-2015, NCCE had 30 separate operations that produced a variety of goods and services including traffic signs and paint; farming and food processing; printing, Braille and quick copy; furniture and re-upholstery; metal products; uniforms, embroidery and other sewn items; eyeglasses; license tags; janitorial products; laundry services; and warehouse and distribution.
The average daily number of inmates employed by Correction Enterprises was 2,085 with the demographics summarized in the table below:
Table IV.1: Average Daily Enrollment in NCCE, FY 2014-2015
Male
Female
White
Black
Other
Total
White
Black
Other
Total
779
995
218
1,992
66
22
5
93
Those operations averaging more than 100 inmate workers are:
• Farm and Cannery Operation – Tillery Correctional Center
• Janitorial Products – Warren Correctional Institution
• Laundry Operation – Sampson Correctional Institution
• Print Plant – Nash Correctional Institution
• Sewing Plants – Columbus, Scotland, Marion, and Pender Correctional Institutions46
• Sign Plant – Franklin Correctional Center
Correction Enterprises is authorized to sell products and services to taxpayer-supported agencies and to North Carolina’s 501(c)(3) organizations that receive some level of tax support.
For over 10 years Correction Enterprises has partnered with the state and federal Departments of Labor (DOL), the Section of Prisons and the Community College System to establish apprenticeship programs that will eventually lead the successful inmate to certification as a Journeyman in a trade skill. By using DOL job competency standards, Correction Enterprises ensures that training provided to inmates is consistent with those skills recognized by an industry, as necessary for competent performance at the Journeyman level in that industry. These standards usually require at least 144 hours of related classroom instruction for every 2,000 hours of on-the-job training.
Currently, Correction Enterprises has apprenticeship programs in Combination Welding, Printing (nine separate programs), Re-upholstery, Duplicating Services Technology, Sewing Machine Repair, Digital Design (Embroidery), Woodworking, Sewing Operator, Upholstery, and Laundry Wash Technician. Apprenticeship programs in Dental Technology, Braille Transcription, and Chemical Products Quality Control are planned for the future. To be eligible to participate in an apprenticeship program, inmates must have a high school diploma or be currently enrolled in a GED program. All apprenticeship programs are administered and awarded by the North Carolina Department of Labor.
Correction Enterprises is also the N.C. administrator for the Prison Industries Enhancement Certification Program (PIECP). The U.S. Department of Justice Prison Industry Enhancement (PIE) program regulates partnerships between prison industries and private business for the manufacture of goods that are sold in inter-state commerce. Inmates who work in PIE manufacturing operations earn a prevailing wage, comparable to that earned by workers performing similar jobs in the local community. Mandatory inmate wage deductions provide DAC with the means of collecting taxes and partially recovering inmate room and board.
Inmate wage deductions are also used to assist with family support and for providing crime victims with greater opportunity to obtain compensation. Correction Enterprises’ active PIE partnerships include S2 Clean at Warren Janitorial Plant to supply eco-friendly cleaning products and an Inmate Packaging program at Lanesboro Correctional Institution We are currently seeking a new partner for the Dental program at Pamlico Correctional Institution.47
V. Appendices
48
Appendix A: DAC Populations: Convicting County, FY 2013-2014
Table V.A1: DAC Populations: Convicting County, FY 2014-2015
County
Prison Entries
Prison Population
Community Entries
Community Population
Alamance
520
747
1,312
1,849
Alexander
80
98
239
382
Alleghany
26
43
80
136
Anson
76
118
217
328
Ashe
44
86
160
245
Avery
54
60
127
198
Beaufort
208
374
494
962
Bertie
17
52
135
189
Bladen
62
111
354
522
Brunswick
239
353
638
1,079
Buncombe
484
1,032
1,241
1,855
Burke
248
351
558
846
Cabarrus
546
749
1,527
2,364
Caldwell
183
274
488
659
Camden
8
16
51
54
Carteret
206
255
478
722
Caswell
34
67
96
174
Catawba
347
583
713
1,158
Chatham
76
138
179
332
Cherokee
32
64
121
236
Chowan
30
42
130
151
Clay
13
14
42
66
Cleveland
413
638
941
1,707
Columbus
149
264
492
749
Craven
254
427
633
1,043
Cumberland
883
1,494
2,122
2,966
Currituck
28
36
156
247
Dare
82
104
364
562
Davidson
353
717
1,149
1,860
Davie
66
124
279
424
Duplin
179
261
472
661
Durham
509
1,119
1,771
2,464
Edgecombe
221
275
479
838
Forsyth
653
1,629
2,272
3,624
Franklin
106
133
254
365
Gaston
536
946
1,169
2,140
Gates
10
22
65
69
Graham
15
24
43
57
Granville
116
149
245
391
Greene
58
71
135
222 49
County
Prison Entries
Prison Population
Community Entries
Community Population
Guilford
1,281
2,634
3,113
5,334
Halifax
109
225
461
763
Harnett
201
345
553
793
Haywood
125
218
396
540
Henderson
222
354
528
709
Hertford
45
106
222
298
Hoke
138
230
344
604
Hyde
14
18
30
43
Iredell
377
644
1,283
2,059
Jackson
55
82
215
278
Johnston
418
619
1,344
1,594
Jones
31
38
101
157
Lee
127
207
384
654
Lenoir
248
355
869
1,207
Lincoln
241
347
579
1,204
Macon
53
94
164
283
Madison
60
73
153
252
Martin
117
167
282
465
McDowell
203
249
466
653
Mecklenburg
1,221
2,852
2,902
4,776
Mitchell
51
69
129
220
Montgomery
72
82
332
523
Moore
249
410
942
1,314
Nash
333
412
671
1,080
New Hanover
699
1,005
2,228
3,326
Northampton
20
83
125
203
Onslow
336
613
916
1,342
Orange
132
286
428
605
Pamlico
25
26
69
107
Pasquotank
63
139
388
527
Pender
137
183
407
673
Perquimans
27
33
84
117
Person
196
261
366
474
Pitt
629
843
1,892
2,813
Polk
22
32
92
130
Randolph
230
377
1,076
1,738
Richmond
158
215
430
616
Robeson
320
731
866
1,423
Rockingham
236
468
608
919
Rowan
507
777
1,588
2,334
Rutherford
267
299
640
921
Sampson
202
378
508
758
Scotland
94
221
374
612
Stanly
122
205
381
547 50
County
Prison Entries
Prison Population
Community Entries
Community Population
Stokes
100
196
258
480
Surry
163
267
449
718
Swain
31
54
98
145
Transylvania
44
77
118
137
Tyrrell
10
12
53
75
Union
273
443
819
1,348
Vance
106
162
319
478
Wake
1,891
2,710
4,890
6,680
Warren
30
49
105
209
Washington
24
56
105
153
Watauga
98
121
271
455
Wayne
323
554
1,072
1,374
Wilkes
274
466
689
1,049
Wilson
238
300
538
1,013
Yadkin
134
175
354
250
Yancey
53
60
164
4,768
51
Appendix B. Listing of Prison Facilities
Table V.B1: Listing of Prison Facilities
Division of Prison Facility Name
Standard Operating Capacity (EOC)
Phone #
Albemarle Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 624 (816)
44150 Airport Road, New London, P.O. Box 460, Badin, NC 28009
(704) 422-3036
Alexander Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 1,122 (1,180)
633 Old Landfill Road, Taylorsville, NC 28681
(828) 632-1331
Avery-Mitchell Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 624 (816)
600 Amity Park Road, Spruce Pine, NC 28777
(828) 765-0229
Bertie Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 1,284 (1,400)
218 Cooper Hill Road, P.O. Box 129, Windsor NC 27983
(252) 794-8600
Brown Creek Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 1,084 (1,204)
248 Prison Camp Road, P.O. Box 310, Polkton, NC 28135
(704) 694-2622
Caldwell Correctional Center
Standard Operating Capacity: 194 (238)
480 Pleasant Hill Road, Lenoir, NC 28645
(828) 726-2509
Caledonia Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 958 (1,014)
2787 Caledonia Drive, P.O. Box 137, Tillery, NC 27887
(252) 826-5621
Carteret Correctional Center
Standard Operating Capacity: 244 (300)
1084 Orange Street, P.O. Box 220, Newport, NC 28570-0220
(252) 223-5100
Caswell Correctional Center
Standard Operating Capacity: 354 (460)
444 County Home Road, Blanch, NC 27212
(336) 694-4531
Catawba Correctional Center
Standard Operating Capacity: 192 (230)
1347 Prison Road, Newton, NC 28650
(828) 466-5521
Central Prison
Standard Operating Capacity: 720 (720)
1300 Western Blvd., 4285 MSC, Raleigh, NC 27699-4285
(919) 733-0800
Community Transition (formerly ECO)
Standard Operating Capacity: 30 (30)
127 West Park Avenue, Charlotte, NC 28233
(704) 342-4100
Columbus Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 584 (670)
1255 Prison Camp Road, P.O. Box 8, Brunswick, NC 28424
(910) 642-3285
Craggy Correctional Center
Standard Operating Capacity: 452 (590)
2992 Riverside Drive, Asheville, NC 28804
(828) 645-5315
Craven Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 542 (670)
600 Alligator Road, P.O. Box 839, Vanceboro, NC 28586
(252) 244-3337
Dan River Prison Work Farm
Standard Operating Capacity: 500 (620)
981 Murray Road, Blanch, NC 27212
(336) 694-1583
Davidson Correctional Center
Standard Operating Capacity: 196 (258)
1400 Thomason Street, P.O. Drawer 1977, Lexington, NC 27293
(336) 249-7528
Eastern Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 429 (429)
2821 Hwy. 903 N., P.O. Box 215, Maury, NC 28554
(252) 747-8101
Foothills Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 808 (858)
5150 Western Ave., Morganton, NC 28655
(828) 438-5585
Forsyth Correctional Center
Standard Operating Capacity: 196 (248)
307 Craft Drive, Winston Salem, NC 27107
(336) 896-7041
Franklin Correctional Center
Standard Operating Capacity: 356 (452)
928 Elbridge Drive, Raleigh, NC 27603
(919) 496-6119 52
Division of Prison Facility Name
Standard Operating Capacity (EOC)
Phone #
Gaston Correctional Center
Standard Operating Capacity: 200 (242)
520 Justice Court, Dallas, NC 28034
(704) 922-3861
Greene Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 516 (616)
2699 Highway 903, P.O. Box 39, Maury, NC 28554
(252) 747-3676
Harnett Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 816 (954)
1210 E. McNeill Street, P.O. Box 1569, Lillington, NC 27546
(910) 893-2751
Hoke Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 424 (502)
243 Old Highway 211, Raeford, NC 28376
(910) 944-7612
Hyde Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 648 (736)
620 Prison Road, P.O. Box 278, Swan Quarter, NC 27885
(252) 926-1810
Johnston Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 468 (612)
2465 U.S. 70 West, Smithfield, NC 27577
(919) 934-8386
Lanesboro Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 1,284 (1,400)
522 Prison Camp Road, P.O. Box 280, Polkton, NC 28135
(704) 695-1013
Lincoln Correctional Center
Standard Operating Capacity: 160 (202)
464 Roper Drive, Lincolnton, NC 28092
(704) 735-0485
Lumberton Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 624 (768)
75 Legend Road, P.O. Box 1649, Lumberton, NC 28359-1649
(910) 618-5574
Marion Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 706 (738)
355 Old Glenwood Road, P.O. Box 2405, Marion, NC 28752
(828) 659-7810
Maury Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 1,284 (1,400)
2568 Moore Rouse Rd., Hookerton, PO Box 506 Maury, NC 28554
(252) 747-1400
Morrison Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 646 (801)
1573 McDonald Church Road, P.O. Box 169 Hoffman, NC 28347
(910) 281-3161
Mountain View Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 552 (884)
545 Amity Park Road, Spruce Pine, NC 28777
(828) 766-2555
Nash Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 512 (512)
2869 Highway 64 Alt., P.O. Box 600, Nashville, NC 27856-0600
(252) 459-4455
NC Correctional Institution for Women
Standard Operating Capacity: 1,220 (1,288)
1034 Bragg Street, 4287 MSC, Raleigh, NC 27699-4287
(919) 733-4340
Neuse Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 600 (788)
701 Stevens Mill Rd., P.O. Box 2087, Goldsboro, NC 27530
(919) 731-2023
New Hanover Correctional Center
Standard Operating Capacity: 300 (384)
330 Division Drive, P.O. Box 240, Wilmington, NC 28401
(910) 251-2666
Odom Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 352 (352)
485 Odom Prison Road, P.O. Box 36, Jackson, NC 27845
(252) 534-5611
Orange Correctional Center
Standard Operating Capacity: 162 (200)
2110 Clarence Walters Rd, PO Box 1149, Hillsborough, NC 27278
(919) 732-9301
Pamlico Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 552 (552)
601 N. Third Street, Bayboro, NC 28515
(252) 745-3074
Pasquotank Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 840 (896)
527 Commerce Drive, Elizabeth City, NC 27909
(252) 331-4881
Pender Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 612 (740)
906 Penderlea Road, P.O. Box 1058, Burgaw, NC 28425
(910) 259-8735
Piedmont Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 848 (952)
1245 Camp Road, Salisbury, NC 28147
(704) 639-7540 53
Division of Prison Facility Name
Standard Operating Capacity (EOC)
Phone #
Polk Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 840 (904)
1001 Veazey Road, P.O. Box 2500, Butner, NC 27509-2500
(919) 575-3070
Randolph Correctional Center
Standard Operating Capacity: 176 (226)
2760 S. Fayetteville Street, P.O. Box 4128, Asheboro, NC 27204
(336) 625-2578
Rutherford Correctional Center
Standard Operating Capacity: 190 (236)
549 Ledbetter Road, Spindale, NC 28160
(828) 286-4121
Sampson Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 352 (452)
700 Northwest Blvd., P.O. Box 1109, Clinton, NC 28329
(910) 592-2151
Sanford Correctional Center
Standard Operating Capacity: 242 (298)
417 Advancement Center Rd, PO Box 2490, Sanford, NC 27330
(919) 776-4325
Scotland Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 1,478 (1,652)
22385 McGirts Bridge Rd., P.O. Box 1808, Laurinburg, NC 28353
(910) 844-3078
Southern Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 592 (624)
272 Glen Road, Troy, NC 27371
(910) 572-3784
Swannanoa Correctional Center for Women
Standard Operating Capacity: 366 (366)
55 Lake Eden Road, P.O. Box 609, Black Mountain, NC 28711
(828) 259-6000
Tabor Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 1,090 (1,654)
4600 Swamp Fox Hwy W., P.O. Box 730, Tabor City, NC 28463
(910) 653-6413
Tyrrell Prison Work Farm
Standard Operating Capacity: 500 (620)
620 Snell Road, P.O. Box 840, Columbia, NC 27925-0840
(252) 796-1085
Wake Correctional Center
Standard Operating Capacity: 354 (414)
1000 Rock Quarry Road, 4288 MSC, Raleigh, NC 27699-4288
(919) 733-7988
Warren Correctional Institution
Standard Operating Capacity: 697 (809)
379 Collins Road, P.O. Box 399, Manson, NC 27553
(252) 456-3400
Wilkes Correctional Center
Standard Operating Capacity: 206 (262)
404 Statesville Road, North Wilkesboro, NC 28659
(336) 667-4533
54
Appendix C: Listing of Adult Judicial District Offices
Table V.C1: Listing of Adult Judicial District Offices
District Name
Address
Judicial District Manager
Telephone
Average Number Supervised
District 01
1305 McPherson Street
Elizabeth City, NC 27909
Lori Greene
(252) 331-4828
1,738
District 02
1308 Highland Drive, Suite 102
Washington, NC 27889
Jami Stohlman
(252) 946-5199
1,654
District 03
1904 D. South Glenburnie Road
New Bern, NC 28562
Randall Parker
(252) 514-4822
3,300
District 04
115 Front Street.
Kenansville, NC 28349
Travis Joyner
(910) 275-0366
1,595
District 05
721 Market St., Suite 102
Wilmington, NC 28401
Thurman Turner
(910) 251-5757
3,867
District 06
803 North King Street
Winton, NC 27986
Bill Mitchell
(252) 358-7876
1,651
District 07
113 E. Nash St., 5th Floor
Wilson, NC 27893
Paige Wade
(252) 243-0063
5,991
District 08
301 S. Center Street
Goldsboro, NC 27530
Cynthia Sutton
(919) 731-7905
2,907
District 09
307 E. Nash Street
Louisburg, NC 27549
Maggie Brewer
(919) 496-0200
1,793
District 10
3020 Hammond Business Place
Raleigh, NC 27603
Rita Dimoulas
(919) 733-9313
6,199
District 11
869-B Berkshire Road
Smithfield, NC 27577
Donald Jones
(919) 934-9970
3,282
District 12
412 W. Russell Street
Fayetteville, NC 28301
Jackie Beal
(910) 486-1161
3,202
District 13
712 Village Road, SW, Suite 204
Shallotte, NC 28470
Mike Frazier
(910) 755-3418
2,458
District 14
3325 Chapel Hill Blvd. Suite 100A
Durham, NC 27707
Celeste Kelly
(919) 560-5423
4,075
District 15
321 Prison Camp Road
Graham, NC 27253
Jeffrey B. Allen
(336) 570-7051
2,342
District 16
117 West 5th Street
Lumberton, NC 28358
Debbie Brown
(910) 618-5655
3,017
District 17
319 S. Main St.
Mount Airy, NC 27030
David King
(336) 786-4055
2,202
District 18
315 1-A Spring Garden Street
Greensboro, NC 27401
Max Gerald
(336) 334-4162
5,692
District 19A
77 Union Street, South
Concord, NC 28025
Catherine Combs
(704) 782-0824
4,215
District 19B
176 East Salisbury St., Suite 307
Asheboro, NC 27203
Scott F. Brewer
(336) 626-9977
3,230
District 20
607 E. Broad Avenue, #A
Rockingham, NC 28380
David Calloway
(910) 997-9130
2,973 55
District Name
Address
Judicial District Manager
Telephone
Average Number Supervised
District 21
102 West 3rd Street, Suite 520
Winston-Salem, NC 27101
Sherri A. Cook
(336) 761-2424
4,059
District 22
672 Radio Drive, Suite E
Lexington, NC 2