Annual statistical report : summary statistics for the Division of Prisons & the Division of Adult Probation and Parole |
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Fiscal Year 2014-2015 Annual Statistical Report North Carolina Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice Frank L. Perry, Secretary W. David Guice Nicole E. Sullivan Commissioner Director Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice Rehabilitative Programs and Servicesii Table of Contents Table of Contents.......................................................................................................................... ii List of Figures and Tables ............................................................................................................iv Overview of the North Carolina Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice...............6 Vision Statement ................................................................................................................ 6 Strategic Issues................................................................................................................... 6 Appropriations & Expenditures.......................................................................................... 6 Section of Rehabilitative Programs and Services ........................................................................7 Supporting Successful Decisions ....................................................................................... 7 I. Prisons.........................................................................................................................................8 Prisons Section Overview .................................................................................................. 8 Costs of Incarceration for the 2014-2015 Fiscal Year........................................................ 8 Prison Admission Trends ................................................................................................... 9 Type of Admissions............................................................................................................ 9 Crime Type of Prison Admissions ................................................................................... 10 Prison Population Trends ................................................................................................. 12 Prison Population by Sentencing Grids............................................................................ 12 Inmate Activities .............................................................................................................. 13 Work Assignments ........................................................................................................... 14 Programs Assignments ..................................................................................................... 15 Escapes and Captures ....................................................................................................... 16 Inmate Disciplinary Infractions........................................................................................ 16 Prison Release Trend........................................................................................................ 18 Type of Release................................................................................................................ 19 Time Served by Inmates Released in FY 2014-2015....................................................... 19 Prison Population Projections .......................................................................................... 20 II. Community Corrections .........................................................................................................22 Section of Community Corrections Overview................................................................. 22 Cost of Programs .............................................................................................................. 23 II.A. Probation.............................................................................................................................23 Probation Entry Trend...................................................................................................... 23 Crime Type of 2014-2015 Probation Entries ................................................................... 24 Probation Population by Sentencing Grids....................................................................... 24 Type of Probation Exits.................................................................................................... 25 II.B. Post-Release Supervision.....................................................................................................27 Post-Release Entry Trend................................................................................................. 27 Post-Release Population by Structured Sentencing Grids................................................ 27 Type of Post-Release Exits............................................................................................... 28 II.C. Parole...................................................................................................................................29 Parole Entry Trend ........................................................................................................... 29 iii Crime Type of Parole Population..................................................................................... 30 Type of Parole Exits ......................................................................................................... 30 II.D. Community Corrections Demographics............................................................................31 II.E. Sanctions for Supervised Offenders...................................................................................33 II.F. Supervised Offender Programs & Special Initiatives.......................................................33 Treatment for Effective Community Supervision (TECS)............................................... 36 II.G. Supervised Population Projections ....................................................................................37 III. Alcoholism & Chemical Dependency Programs .................................................................38 III.A. Community Residential Substance Abuse Treatment....................................................39 Enrollment in DART-Cherry............................................................................................ 39 Exits from DART-Cherry................................................................................................. 39 Enrollment in Black Mountain......................................................................................... 39 Exits from Black Mountain .............................................................................................. 40 III.B. Intermediate ACDP Programs..........................................................................................41 Enrollment in Intermediate Programs .............................................................................. 41 Exits from Intermediate Programs.................................................................................... 42 III.C. Long-Term Treatment Programs.....................................................................................43 Enrollment in Long-Term Programs ................................................................................ 43 Exits from Long-Term Programs ..................................................................................... 43 IV. Correction Enterprises ..........................................................................................................45 V. Appendices ...............................................................................................................................47 Appendix A: DAC Populations: Convicting County, FY 2013-2014 .......................................48 Appendix B. Listing of Prison Facilities ....................................................................................51 Appendix C: Listing of Adult Judicial District Offices............................................................54 iv List of Figures and Tables Table 1: Authorized Budget and Actual Expenditures by Fiscal Year........................................... 6 Table I.1: Daily Cost per Inmate for FY 2014-2015: State Prisons .............................................. 8 Figure I.1: Total Admissions by Crime Class, FY 2005-2015....................................................... 9 Figure I.2: Prison Admissions in FY 2014-2015.......................................................................... 10 Figure I.3: Crime Type of Prison Admissions in FY 2014-2015 ................................................. 10 Table I.2: Crime Type Prison Admissions by Felon/Misdemeanant Status................................. 11 Table I.3: Demographics of Prison Admissions: FY 2014-2015 ................................................. 11 Figure I.4: Prison Population by Crime Class, FY End 2006-2015 ............................................. 12 Table I.4: Misdemeanant Prison Population, FY End 2015......................................................... 13 Table I.5: Felony Prison Population, FY End 2015 ..................................................................... 13 Table I.6: Inmate Work Assignment by Work Category, FY 2014-2015 .................................... 14 Table I.7: Inmate Program Assignments, FY 2014-2015............................................................. 15 Table I.8: Inmate Disciplinary Infractions for FY 2014-2015 ..................................................... 17 Table I.9: Demographics of Prison Population on June 30, 2015 ................................................ 18 Figure I.5: Prison Releases, FY 2005-2014.................................................................................. 18 Figure I.6: Type of Prison Releases, FY 2014-2015 .................................................................... 19 Table I.10: Prison Population Projections, FY 2016-2025*.......................................................... 21 Figure II.1: Community Corrections Population on 06/30 by Supervision Type......................... 22 Table II.1: Cost of Programs for FY 2014-2015 .......................................................................... 23 Figure II.A.1: Probation Entries by Crime Class, FY 2006-2015 ................................................ 23 Figure II.A.2: Probation Entries by Crime Type, FY 2014-2015................................................. 24 Table II.A.1: Misdemeanor Sentencing Table for Probation Population on June 30, 2015......... 24 Table II.A.2: Felony Sentencing Table for Probation Population on June 30, 2015.................... 25 Figure II.A.3: Probation Exits, FY 2014-2015............................................................................. 26 Figure II.B.1: Post-Release Entries by Fiscal Year, 2005-2015................................................... 27 Table II.B.1: Sentencing Table for the Post-Release Population on June 30, 2015 ..................... 28 Figure II.B.2: Post-Release Exits, FY 2014-2015........................................................................ 29 Figure II.C.1: Parole Entries, FY 2006-2015 ............................................................................... 29 Figure II.C.2: Crime Type of Parole Population on June 30, 2015.............................................. 30 Figure II.C.3: Parole Exits, FY 2014-2015 ................................................................................... 31 Table II.D.1: Demographics of Community Corrections Admissions, FY 2014-2015................ 31 Table II.D.2: Demographics of Community Corrections Population, FY 2014-2015 ................. 32 Table II.E.1: Sanction Utilization, FY 2013-2014 ........................................................................ 33 Table II.F.1: Victim Notification Program Activity, FY 2014-2015 ........................................... 36 Figure II.F.1: Offenders Served in TECS by Risk Level .............................................................. 36 Table II.G.1: Probation/Parole Officer Caseload Projections, FY 2015-2016 – FY 2018-2019.. 37 Table III.A.1: Enrollment for DART Cherry, FY 2014-2015 ...................................................... 39 Table III.A.3: DART-Cherry Exits, FY 2014-2015 ...................................................................... 39 Table III.A.4: Enrollment for Black Mountain, FY 2014-2015 ................................................... 40 Table III.A.5: Black Mountain Exits, FY 2014-2015.................................................................... 40 Table III.A.6: Demographics of ACDP Community Residential Enrollees, FY 2014-2015 ....... 40 Table III.B.1: Enrollment in Intermediate ACDP Programs, FY 2014-2015............................... 41 Table III.B.2: Exits from Intermediate ACDP Programs, FY 2014-2015.................................... 42 Table III.B.3: Demographics of ACDP Intermediate Treatment Participants, FY 2014-2015 .... 42 Table III.C.1: Enrollment in Long-Term Treatment Programs, FY 2014-2015........................... 43 Table III.C.3: Exits from Long-Term Treatment Programs, FY 2014-2015................................ 43 Table III.C.2: Demographics of Long-Term Treatment Participants, FY 2014-2015.................. 44 Table IV.1: Average Daily Enrollment in NCCE, FY 2014-2015 ............................................... 45 Table V.A1: DAC Populations: Convicting County, FY 2014-2015............................................ 48 v Table V.B1: Listing of Prison Facilities........................................................................................ 51 Table V.C1: Listing of Adult Judicial District Offices ................................................................ 54 6 Overview of the North Carolina Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice The North Carolina Department of Public Safety was created in 2012 through the consolidation of the Department of Correction, the Department of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention and the Department of Crime Control and Public Safety. The Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice is one of six divisions within the Department of Public Safety. Adult Correction is responsible for the custody, supervision, and rehabilitation of adult offenders sentenced to community/intermediate punishment or prison. Adult Correction is responsible for the operation of Prisons, Community Corrections, Alcohol and Chemical Dependency Programs and Correctional Enterprises. In 1998, the Division developed a long-range strategic plan, which is based on the following vision statement and strategic issues: Vision Statement We, the employees of Adult Correction, envision an organization respected by the citizens of North Carolina for its effectiveness in responding to the problem of crime in our society and working collaboratively with others to prevent crime through community involvement. We see an organization providing public safety, opportunities for offenders to become productive citizens, and growth and development for employees. We see ourselves contributing to the creation of a society of law-abiding, responsible citizens. Strategic Issues • Lead proactively regarding corrections issues. • Develop and train employees for personal and professional growth. • Deliver effective services and programs using research and advanced technology. • Emphasize cost efficient management of resources and accountability for high quality results. Appropriations & Expenditures At the end of the 2014-2015 Fiscal Year, the Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice had 19,2811 permanent employees, primarily working directly with offenders in the community or in secure facilities. The division is funded through legislative appropriations and receipts (e.g., Correction Enterprises). The total authorized budget and actual expenditures for the Division over the past five fiscal years are shown in Table 1, below. Table 1: Authorized Budget and Actual Expenditures by Fiscal Year Fiscal Year Authorized Budget Actual Expenditures Percent Change in Actual Expenditures over Previous Year 2014-2015 $1,396,473,037 $1,369,196,669 1.17% 2013-2014 $1,389,799,158 $1,353,340,103 -0.62% 2012-2013 $1,423,972,223 $1,361,765,373 0.78% 2011-2012 $1,412,886,261 $1,335,725,318* -1.78% 2010-2011 $1,365,379,681 $1,359,887,583 1.59% *Excludes required transfers for Medicaid and other Departmental requirements 1 This number includes employees of the entire Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice. Source: N.C. Department of Public Safety, Human Resources Division. 7 Section of Rehabilitative Programs and Services Supporting Successful Decisions The Section of Rehabilitative Programs and Services provides assistance to other sections within the Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice and other Divisions of the Department of Public Safety. Staff have expertise in research methods, human subjects protection, statistics, program evaluation, and policy analysis. The Research and Decision Support unit of the Section coordinates a variety of internal and external evaluation projects. Research assists staff to evaluate effectiveness, modify policies and programs, develop policies, and report outcomes to policy makers. Unit activities include the following: • Obtain and organize topical information on research topics. • Prepare statistical and topical reports. • Conduct evaluations. • Provide data and methodology review for evaluations. • Review and approve human subjects research involving staff and individuals under the supervision of the Department of Public Safety. • Provide answers to statistical questions about correctional populations. • Develop computer programs to extract and report aggregate data. • Analyze and interpret statistical information. • Provide internet-based decision support tools. • Prepare population forecasts and utilize simulation models. • Develop a structure and process for planning. • Organize and facilitate meetings of work groups engaged in planning and policy analysis. • Consult on methods to develop, implement, and monitor plans and policies. 8 I. Prisons Prisons Section Overview The Section of Prisons is responsible for the custody, supervision, and rehabilitation of inmates. As of June 30, 2015 there were 59 state prisons in North Carolina; there is one additional contractual prison and 2 Confinement in Response to Violation Centers (CRV). In order to protect the community, staff, and inmates, the Prisons Section classifies prisons, inmates, and prison beds according to prison security designation, inmate custody classification, and bed security levels, respectively. The Section Chief of Prisons assigns the security designation of the prison based on the physical boundaries and structure of the prison, the type of cells in the prison (e.g. single cells, dormitories), and the intensity and type of staff supervision (e.g. armed perimeter vs. unarmed perimeter). As of June 30, 2015 there were 14 close, 20 medium, and 22 minimum security state prisons, and one minimum security contracted facility; the CRVs are both minimum security sites. The Section receives primarily felons however, some misdemeanants who cannot be housed within the Statewide Misdemeanant Confinement Program may be sent to a state prison. Sentences range from a minimum of 180 days for certain low-level felony or misdemeanor offenses to life imprisonment for crimes such as rape or death for murder. Prison staff classifies the individual inmate’s custody by analyzing factors such as current crime, length of sentence, past criminal history, and past prison behavior record. At the end of FY 2014-2015, 52% of inmates in the prison population were assigned to medium custody, 31% to minimum, and 17% to close custody. The Section provides rehabilitative activities for inmates. These activities include jobs, educational programs, vocational programs, cognitive behavioral interventions, substance abuse interventions, mental health interventions, and religious services. Costs of Incarceration for the 2014-2015 Fiscal Year The Section calculates the average cost of incarcerating minimum, medium, and close custody inmates annually. The figures include the direct costs of inmate supervision/custody and programs/activities, and indirect administrative costs for Section support of prisons. The daily cost of incarcerating one inmate ranged from $72.64 in minimum custody to $94.72 in close custody, with an average of $82.26 in FY 2014-2015 compared to an average of $79.89 in FY 2013-2014. Table I.1: Daily Cost per Inmate for FY 2014-2015: State Prisons Inmate Custody Level Average Daily Population Daily Cost Per Inmate Minimum 12,329 $72.64 Medium 18,460 $82.51 Close 7,109 $94.72 Average 37,903 $82.26 9 Prison Admission Trends During FY 2014-2015, there were 23,367 admissions to North Carolina prisons. Admissions to prisons further increased nearly 3% during FY 2014-2015, after an increase of nearly 6% during FY 2013-2014. The increase in admissions is largely attributed to growth in felony admissions (7%). Misdemeanor admissions indicated a steep fall (23%) as the impact of the Statewide Misdemeanant Confinement Program’s creation, which as of January 1, 2015 requires all misdemeanants to serve sentences in local jails, began to level. Misdemeanants comprised only 11% of prison admissions during FY 2014-2015, down from a high of 34% during FY 2009-2010. Figure I.1: Total Admissions by Crime Class, FY 2005-2015 Fiscal Year 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012 2012-2013 2013-2014 2014-2015 Total 27,257 27,936 28,535 30,350 28,164 28,975 24,036 21,538 22,759 23,367 Type of Admissions There are five types of admissions to prison: direct admissions, probation revocations, confinements in response to violation (CRV), parole/post-release supervision revocations, and safekeepers/pre-sentence diagnostic inmates. Direct admissions result from a court-imposed active sentence to prison. CRV entries are offenders under supervision in the community who have committed a technical violation for which the court has imposed a 90-day term to be served in prison before returning the offender to supervision in the community. Revocations of probation and post-release are the activation of offenders’ sentences due to new criminal activity, absconding, or after serving multiple periods of confinement due to technical violations (CRV terms). Safekeepers are defendants who have not been sentenced, but are admitted to prison when detention in the local jail poses a danger to the inmate or when medical care is needed. Pre-sentence diagnostic admissions (PSD) are inmates who have been convicted, but the judge requests an assessment before sentencing. 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 09-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 Admissions Fiscal Year Total Entries Felon Misdemeanant10 Direct admissions made up 42% of total prison admissions in FY 2014-2015 while 43% were probation revocations2 or parole/post-release revocations. CRVs accounted for 11% of total admissions. Safekeepers and pre-sentence diagnostic admissions accounted for 4% of admissions. Figure I.2: Prison Admissions in FY 2014-2015 Crime Type of Prison Admissions Overall, 89% of the FY 2014-2015 prison admissions were for felony crime convictions. Crimes resulting in a prison sentence are grouped in one of three categories: public order, property, and crimes against a person. Figure I.3: Crime Type of Prison Admissions in FY 2014-2015 2 Note that 43% of prison admissions due to revocation is not the same as the probation revocation rate. These prison admissions comprise a subset of offenders who had a confinement for technical violations or probation revocation for new crimes or absconding. It is computed as a percentage of offenders entering prison, whereas the probation revocation rate is the percentage of offenders who exited community supervision. 9,864 (42%) 7,898 (34%) 2,088 (9%) 2,619 (11%) 898 (4%) 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 Direct Probation Revcoation Post-Release Revocation CRV Safekeep/PSD Admissions Admission Type 4,865 (22%) 8,107 (36%) 9,397 (42%) 100 (<1%) 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 Crimes Against a Person Property Crimes Public Order Crimes Not Reported Admissions Crime Type 11 The most frequent crime type for prison admissions was public order and accounted for 42% of all admissions. This crime type included drug offenses, trafficking and non-trafficking (4,796), driving while impaired (2,179), weapons offenses (888), traffic violations (332), and habitual felon (946). Among public order crime admissions, 78% were felons. Property crimes accounted for 36% of all prison admissions. The most frequent offenses in this category were breaking/entering (2,978) and larceny (2,451). Other frequent offenses included fraud (1,477), burglary (329), forgery (166), burnings (101), and auto theft (212). There were 4,865 admissions for crimes against a person, which accounted for 22% of all prison admissions. Approximately one third (30%) of these crimes were assaults. Also included in this category were robbery (1,456), sexual offenses (581), and homicides (470). As with property and public order crimes, the majority (96%) of crimes against a person were felony admissions. Table I.2: Crime Type Prison Admissions by Felon/Misdemeanant Status Crime Type Felon Misdemeanant Undefined Total* (%) Crimes Against a Person 4,670 195 0 4,865 22% Property Crimes 7,942 165 0 8,107 36% Public Order Crimes 7,355 2,042 0 9,397 42% Not Reported 3 0 97 100 <1% Total 19,970 2,402 97 22,469 Percent 89% 11% <1% *Does not include 898 safekeeper admissions. Table I.3: Demographics of Prison Admissions: FY 2014-2015 Age Category Female Male White Black Other White Black Other Total 13-18 10 10 3 106 405 56 590 (3%) 19-21 94 59 19 589 1,348 175 2,284 (10%) 22-25 259 146 22 1,315 2,210 251 4,203 (18%) 26-30 478 142 27 1,752 1,933 233 4,565 (20%) 31-35 374 127 20 1,433 1,361 199 3,514 (15%) 36-40 293 83 12 986 1,065 137 2,576 (11%) 41-45 196 67 12 790 856 118 2,039 (9%) 46-50 115 71 8 578 681 65 1,518 (6%) 51-55 96 35 7 447 567 46 1,198 (5%) 56-60 27 18 1 205 281 17 549 (2%) 61-65 12 7 0 86 111 6 222 (1%) 66-70 9 2 0 36 29 3 79 (<1%) 71+ 0 0 0 20 7 3 30 (<1%) Total 1,963 767 131 8,343 10,854 1309 23,367 (%) (8%) (3%) (1%) (36%) (46%) (6%) 12 Prison Population Trends After steady growth through the first decade of the 21st century, the prison population declined significantly over FY 2011-2012 and FY2012-2013, but rose slightly FY 2013-2014 and FY2014-2015. On June 30 2015, there were 37,794 offenders in the prison system, representing a slight (<1%) increase from the previous fiscal year end. The majority (52%) of the prison population was housed in medium custody; 17% were in close custody, and 31% were housed in minimum custody. There were 196 safekeepers in the prison population on June 30, 2015. Figure I.4: Prison Population by Crime Class, FY End 2006-2015 06/30/Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Population 37,467 38,423 39,326 40,824 40,102 41,030 38,385 37,469 37,665 37,794 Prison Population by Sentencing Grids Although nearly 11% of prison admissions in FY 2014-2015 were misdemeanants, this group comprised only 2% of the population on June 30, 2015. Of those misdemeanant inmates in the prison population at the end of the fiscal year, 89% were incarcerated for violations of the Safe Roads Act (DWI) followed by assault (7%) and larceny (2%). The remaining 2% included all other structured sentencing convictions for the misdemeanor population on June 30 2015. The profile of the felon inmate population was very different from the profile of felon admissions to prison. Class A-E offenses represented less than a quarter (21%) of prison admissions during FY 2014-2015 but accounted for 64% of the prison population on June 30, 2015. This trend is consistent with FY2013-2014 where Class A-E offenses represented 22% of prison admissions but accounted for 65% of the prison population on June 30, 2015. These felons with long sentences remain in the population over an extended period of time and generally account for the projected growth in the 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000 45,000 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Population Fiscal Year Ending Total Felon Misdemeanant13 prison population in coming years. For example, consider the difference between the number of offenders with Class A convictions in the population and admissions of Class A offenders in one year. There were 57 Class A prison admissions last fiscal year, while on June 30, 2015 there were 1,942 in the population. The sentence for these offenders is either life in prison or death. Table I.4: Misdemeanant Prison Population, FY End 2015 Prior Record Level Crime Class I II III Undefined or Non-Structured Total (%) A1 0 5 49 0 54 (6%) 1 0 3 25 0 28 (3%) 2 0 0 0 1 1 (<1%) 3 0 0 0 0 0 (<1%) DWI 10 0 0 707 717 (85%) 9C* 0 2 11 27 40 (5%) Other/Undefined 0 0 0 2 2 (<1%) Total 10 10 85 737 842 (%) (1%) (1%) (10%) (88%) Table I.5: Felony Prison Population, FY End 2015 Prior Record Level Crime Class I II III IV V VI Undefined or Non-Structured Total (%) A 1072 143 110 67 10 12 528 1,942 (5%) B1 969 677 324 225 51 40 0 2,286 (6%) B2 1133 1204 671 457 93 65 0 3,623 (10%) C 815 1009 1270 2040 921 946 608 7,609 (21%) D 1174 1222 1061 914 331 335 177 5,214 (14%) E 569 624 590 624 242 266 2 2917 (8%) F 913 683 576 557 208 220 25 3182 (9%) G 420 565 630 619 223 232 3 2692 (7%) H 372 1046 1007 1119 594 813 21 4972 (14%) I 78 187 130 180 83 151 2 811 (2%) 9C* 143 188 86 41 7 5 0 470 (1%) Other 21 1 0 0 0 3 1013 1038 (3%) Total (%) 7,679 7,549 6,455 6,843 2,763 3,088 2,379 36,756 100% (21%) (21%) (18%) (19%) 8%) (8%) (6%) (100%) Note: The totals from tables I.4 and I.5 do not include offenders committed as safekeepers (196 on 06/30/2015). *Confinement in Response to Violation (CRV) Punishment Inmate Activities Prisons coordinate a wide range of inmate work, educational, and rehabilitative programs. Inmates are required to either work full-time or participate in a full-time program. Only inmates who pose a security risk, have health problems, or are in the admissions process are exempt from the policy.14 Work Assignments In each prison facility, inmates are assigned a variety of jobs. Inmates are paid an incentive wage, which is set by statute for the majority of these duties. Currently the incentive wage ranges from $.40 to $1.00 per day depending on the work assignment. Most inmates who work (84%) do so inside prison facilities. Table I.6: Inmate Work Assignment by Work Category, FY 2014-2015 Inmate Work Assignments Average Daily Assigned During 2014-2015 In Prison Facilities Unit Services 6,410 Food Service 3,163 Correction Enterprises 2,065 Prison Maintenance 1,791 Construction 369 Other Jobs 1,545 Outside Prison Facilities Road Squads 1,381 State and Local Government 645 Work Release 928 Total 18,297 Unit Services- The largest assignment in prison facilities is Unit Services. Prison inmates in these jobs perform janitorial and general maintenance duties. This assignment provides a relevant job skill and is beneficial to the prison system because it reduces the cost of operating the facilities. Food Service- Inmates work in the kitchens of all prison facilities preparing and serving food to other inmates. This assignment provides a relevant job skill and is beneficial to the prison system because it reduces the cost of operating the facilities. Correction Enterprises- Correction Enterprises is a separate section of the Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice, which administers industries at prison sites. Enterprise jobs provide opportunities to put close and medium custody inmates to work inside prisons. Inmates are employed making car license tags, street and highway signs, farming, food processing, printing, sewing, laundering and manufacturing. These jobs teach workers job skills and a work ethic which will enable them to find employment upon release from prison. These jobs pay up to $3 per day based on skills required for the job. Prison Maintenance- Prison inmates are also involved in grounds keeping, light construction, repair and maintenance projects at prisons. These jobs include roofing, plumbing, electrical wiring and other unit improvements. These assignments provide relevant job skills and are beneficial to the prison system because they reduce the cost of operating the facilities Construction- In addition to cleaning and maintaining prisons, some inmates are assigned to new prison construction projects. Inmates are generally chosen based on pre-existing skills in the construction industry. Like the other categories of work assignments, this experience gives inmates valuable work experience prior to release and helps to reduce the cost of new prison construction.15 Road Squads- Minimum and medium custody inmates work on the state's roads, patching potholes, clearing right-of-ways and picking up litter. Medium custody inmates work under the supervision of armed correctional officers. Minimum custody inmates work under the direction of N.C. Department of Transportation employees. State and Local Government Agencies- State and local government agencies have labor contracts for inmates to work for these agencies, often involving janitorial services and grounds keeping. Work Release- Inmates who have proven themselves trustworthy for limited release from custody are allowed to leave the prison unit for jobs. These inmates are nearing their release date and work for businesses in the community. North Carolina started the first work release program in the country in 1957. Inmates on work release receive prevailing market wages from their employers, but must pay a room-and-board fee to the prison unit. For FY 2014-2015 inmates paid the Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice $4,222,635 in per diem and $1,536,683 for transportation and job-related expenses. They also paid child support and restitution totaling $1,226,347. During this period inmates paid an additional $1,560,265 for personal expenses, spousal support and other family expenses. Programs Assignments Inmates are recommended for participation in programs based on interests, abilities, needs and whether the time remaining on their sentence allows completion of the program. At large institutions, academic and vocational education programs are offered to inmates on a full-time basis. These programs are offered on a part-time basis at other institutions. Table I.7: Inmate Program Assignments, FY 2014-2015 Average Daily Assignment for FY 2014-2015 Full Time Part Time Academic Education 1,624 1,553 Vocational Education 1,644 528 Life Skills Programs 241 2,635 Academic Programs- The mission of the North Carolina Department of Public Safety’s (NCDPS) educational services section is to support the provision of educational instruction to offenders who participate in educational and vocational programs by equipping them with knowledge and skills that will assist in preparing them for successful community transition and employment development upon release. NCDPS partners with the North Carolina Community College System and other colleges and universities to provide a full range of academic and vocational programs. The North Carolina Community College System offers NCDPS offenders an opportunity to earn various Associate of Applied Science degree programs. In addition, the NCDPS has contracted with the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, East Carolina University, and Guilford College in providing eligible offenders with select college courses. These courses are provided at the correctional facility or through correspondence. Each prison facility, and its community college partner, offers a variety of educational and vocational opportunities that range from basic education to the earning of a college degree. Adult Basic Education (ABE) is the primary academic program for offenders. ABE provides adult and youthful offenders with the basic knowledge and skills necessary to become literate. In FY 2014-16 2015, 1,861 inmates passed tests of a High School Equivalent Education, 630 earned AAS Degrees, and 293 received community college vocational diplomas. Vocational Programs- A wide variety of vocational programs such as computer literacy, food service training, electrical engineering technology, brick masonry and job readiness are provided through local community colleges. Participation in these programs can help inmates obtain work with Correction Enterprises or a work release assignment. There were 1,217 Vocational Certificates awarded in the last fiscal year. Life Skills Programs- Life skills programs include several types of programs such as parenting skills and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention (CBI). CBI programs teach offenders new ways of thinking that can lead to changes in their behavior and actions, and ultimately affect their criminal conduct. CBI programs use a combination of approaches to increase an offender’s awareness of self and others. This awareness is coupled with the teaching of social skills to assist the offender with interpersonal problems. These specific types of intervention programs assist offenders in “restructuring” their thought process and teaches “cognitive skills” to assist in basic decision-making and problem-solving. These programs are led by prisons or community college staff that have been trained by the division. Escapes and Captures The primary goal of the Prisons Section is to protect the community. While some inmates escape from prison each year, nearly all are apprehended. Minimum custody inmates are often on work release and participate in other activities in the community. Many escapes are the result of the minimum custody inmate not returning to the prison on time from his/her job, so a capture is recorded the same day. Eight of the ten inmates who escaped during the 2014-2015 fiscal year were captured by July 1, 2015. Inmate Disciplinary Infractions Inmate conformity to prison rules is necessary for the orderly, safe and secure operation of correctional facilities. Effective, fair and consistent disciplinary procedures enhance the orderly operation of the facilities and reinforce appropriate behavior and responsibility. The disciplinary offenses were reclassified in November 2000 from five classes to four and all substance possession offenses (e.g., alcohol or drugs) are now Class A. The most serious offenses remain in Class A while Class D offenses are the least serious infractions. An inmate can be charged with an attempt to commit an offense. If so, that attempt is in the same class as the infraction itself. In FY 2014-2015 there were 61,597 infractions (see Table I.8), which is a 1.3% increase from the number recorded during FY 2013-2014. Approximately 12% (7,480) were Class A infractions, of which 23% were for substance possession. The next most frequent Class A offense was Involvement with Gang or Security Threat Group (STG), with 20% in FY 2014-2015. There were 18,598 Class B infractions including: sexual act, damaging property, weapon possession, interfering with staff and lock tampering. The majority of the infractions in FY 2014-2015 were for Class C offenses, accounting for 48% (29,837) of the total infractions for the year. Out of these, 12,390 (42%) were for disobeying an order. Other Class C infractions include profane language, fighting, unauthorized leave, bartering, threatening staff, and theft of property. Possession of unauthorized items (including clothing and money), being in an unauthorized location, and gambling are some of the infractions that make up the Class D infractions.17 Table I.8: Inmate Disciplinary Infractions for FY 2014-2015 Class Infraction Count A Substance Possession 1,721 Assault Staff (with Weapon, Throwing Liquids or Sexual Intent) 850 Refuse to Submit to a Drug/Breath Test 279 Assault Person with Weapon 714 Involvement with Gang or STG 1,513 Fight Involving Weapons 392 Other Inmate Assault 92 Attempt Class A Offense 694 Other 1,225 Class A Total 7,480 B Sexual Act 2,814 Damage State/Another’s Property 746 Lock Tampering 1,850 Weapon Possession 951 High Risk Act 1,753 Interfere with Staff 551 Threaten to Harm/Injure Staff 1,720 Other 8,213 Class B Total 18,598 C Disobey Order 12,390 Profane Language 6,126 Unauthorized Leave 2,347 Fighting 2,790 Create Offensive Condition 270 Barter/Trade or Loan Money 616 Misuse or Unauthorized Use of Phone/Mail 1,445 Theft of Property 2,031 Unauthorized Funds 311 Other 1,511 Class C Total 29,837 D Unauthorized Items (No threat contraband) 1,912 Unauthorized Location 2,814 Gambling 204 Illegal Clothing 319 Other 433 Class D Total 5,682 Total Infractions 61,597 Presumptive punishments are established for each infraction such as: confinement in restrictive housing for up to 60 days, demotion in custody, revocation of reduction credits and suspension of privileges, including radio access, organized sports, visitation, or other leisure time activities. Additionally, to offset the costs of staff time, there is an administrative fee of ten dollars paid by inmates found guilty of committing an infraction.18 Table I.9: Demographics of Prison Population on June 30, 2015 Age Female Male Category White Black Other White Black Other Total 13-18 2 6 1 39 161 31 240 (1%) 19-21 46 41 14 361 971 156 1,589 (4%) 22-25 158 120 15 1155 2478 340 4,266 (11%) 26-30 320 123 21 1889 3064 461 5,878 (16%) 31-35 346 133 24 1997 2808 545 5,853 (15%) 36-40 283 120 23 1680 2608 467 5,181 (14%) 41-45 209 100 8 1608 2269 302 4,496 (12%) 46-50 193 101 12 1372 1929 215 3,822 (10%) 51-55 106 64 12 1181 1579 147 3,089 (8%) 56-60 61 29 3 728 878 90 1,789 (5%) 61-65 26 16 1 404 418 32 897 (2%) 66-70 14 2 0 234 169 17 436 (1%) 71+ 9 0 1 164 77 7 258 (1%) Total 1,773 855 135 12,812 19,409 2,810 37,794 (%) (5%) (2%) (0%) (34%) (51%) (7%) Prison Release Trend Releases from prison are affected by sentencing policies and the stock population. As the stock population has continued to fall, the number of releases has fallen accordingly. However, during FY 2014-2015, there were 20,138 releases from prisons, a 3% increase in releases from the previous year. Figure I.5: Prison Releases, FY 2005-2014 Fiscal Year 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012 2012-2013 2013-2014 2014-2015 Release 26,457 26,986 27,637 28,860 28,889 28,048 26,685 22,455 19,495 20,138 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Releases Fiscal Year Ending 19 Type of Release Inmates are usually released from prison due to the expiration of their sentence, released on post-release (under structured sentencing) or on parole (sentences prior to Structured Sentencing or violations of the Safe Roads Act). The Justice Reinvestment Act extended post-release supervision to all felony offenses committed on or after December 1, 2011. Inmates incarcerated for Class B1-E offenses committed on or after December 1, 2011 have a mandatory twelve months of supervision upon release. Inmates incarcerated for Class F-I offenses committed before December 1, 2011 have a mandatory nine months of supervision upon release. As a result, the majority (59%) of releases from prison in FY 2014-2015 are now assigned to a period of supervised post-release. Conversely, as the population of non-JRA sentenced inmates continues to shrink, a smaller percentage of inmates will exit with expired sentences. The percentage of inmates exiting due to expiration of their sentence further fell from 45% in FY 2013-2014 to 32% during FY 2014-2015. Releases due to parole have decreased steadily since only non-structured sentence and Safe Roads Act inmates are eligible for parole. In FY 1998-1999, 21% of prison exits were to parole, whereas, during FY 2014-2015 only 4% of prison exits were to parole. The proportion of the prison population sentenced prior to Structured Sentencing has continued to decrease, so parole exits will diminish over time. Safekeeper and Pre-sentenced diagnostic (PSD) releases are un-sentenced inmates who are held temporarily in prison. Most prison exits in the category labeled “Other” were court ordered releases, but also included the death of the inmate, Interstate Compact and execution. There were no executions in FY 2014-2015. Figure I.6: Type of Prison Releases, FY 2014-2015 Time Served by Inmates Released in FY 2014-2015 North Carolina enacted numerous sentencing laws that govern when and how inmates are released from prison. In 1994, North Carolina enacted Structured Sentencing guidelines. The purpose of Structured Sentencing is to reserve prison for the most serious and chronic offender, and to incarcerate those offenders for longer periods of time. Less serious and less chronic offenders receive punishments in the community, or shorter prison sentences. Structured 6,375 11,861 729 907 266 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 Expiration of Sentence Post-Release Parole Safekeeper/PSD Other Releases Exit Type 20 Sentencing abolished discretionary parole release and authorized judges to set a minimum and maximum sentence for felons and a flat sentence for misdemeanants, based on the severity of the crime of conviction and the prior record level of the offender. Felony Structured Sentencing inmates must serve the entire minimum sentence and may serve the maximum sentence, an additional 20% above the minimum sentence. For example, an inmate must serve five years and may serve up to six years unless he/she earns credits off the maximum sentence for good behavior, working and participating in programs. Therefore, all felony inmates sentenced under Structured Sentencing will serve at least 100% of their minimum sentence. In FY 2014-2015 there were 14,381 Structured Sentencing felons released from prison. Inmates can earn three, six, or nine days per month off their sentence for good behavior, working and participating in programs. On average, these inmates served 29.82 months in prison, averaging 109% of their minimum sentence. Judges order misdemeanants to serve a specific sentence and they can earn 4 days per month off their sentence for good behavior, working and participating in programs. For example, a misdemeanor inmate who has a sentence of four months must serve 3.5 months and may serve up to four months. During this period there were 485 Structured Sentencing misdemeanants released, having served an average of 6.58 months, 96% of their maximum sentence. Prior to Structured Sentencing, inmates were sentenced under several different sentencing laws which allowed the Parole Commission to release inmates early from prison to parole. The major determinants of when inmates were released from prison under these parole-eligibility laws depended on the good time and gain time credits the inmate earned. Prior to Structured Sentencing, as soon as the inmate entered prison, he/she was awarded good time credits which reduced the sentence by 50%, and he/she could also earn additional gain time credits off of the sentence for positive behaviors. In FY 2014-2015, there were 75 non-Structured Sentencing felons released from prison for the first time. Those who were paroled and then returned to prison were excluded from these calculations. Since these inmates represented some very serious offenses, they served an average of 258.71 months before release. These inmates served, on average, 53% of their court-imposed sentences, due to good time, gain time and parole eligibility rules. During this period, 1,770 non-Structured Sentencing misdemeanants were released from prison; the majority of those were serving time for Driving While Impaired (DWI) convictions that fall under the Safe Roads Act. These inmates served, on average, 6.74 months or 54% of their court-imposed sentence due to good time, gain time and parole eligibility rules. Prison Population Projections Prison population projections are made on an annual basis in conjunction with the North Carolina Sentencing and Policy Advisory Commission (SPAC). The population projections were completed in two parts. The SPAC prepared prison population projections for all offenders sentenced on or after July 1, 2015 (new entries). The Division prepared projections for all offenders in prison as of June 30, 2015 (resident prison population). The final combined projections take into account the decline of the resident prison population (structured sentencing releases, parole releases and “max-outs”) and the buildup of the new inmates (new sentences, probation revocations, parole revocations and post-release supervision revocations). Added to these figures is the estimated number of safekeepers and misdemeanor offenders held in the state prison system. 21 Table I.10: Prison Population Projections, FY 2016-2025* Prison Population as of June 30 Prison Capacity3 Fiscal Year Previous Projection Current Projection Expanded Operating Capacity Difference between Current Projection and Capacity4 2015/16 37,360 37,095 38,373 1,278 2016/17 37,522 37,304 38,373 1,069 2017/18 37,348 37,601 38,373 772 2018/19 37,462 37,367 38,373 1,006 2019/20 37,610 37,385 38,373 988 2020/21 37,829 37,642 38,373 731 2021/22 38,139 37,927 38,373 446 2022/23 38,581 38,395 38,373 -22 2023/24 38,983 38,868 38,373 -495 2024/25 39,224 38,373 -851 *Prepared February 2016 by the Sentencing and Policy Advisory Commission in conjunction with the Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justices’ Section of Rehabilitative Programs & Services. The projections provide estimates of the prison population over the next ten years based on empirical data from FY 2015. With the various effective dates relating to the JRA provisions (e.g., offenses on or after December 1, 2011; probation violations on or after December 1, 2011), the parameters empirically derived from the data and used in the projections are based on a mixture of pre-JRA and JRA provisions. It is also important to recognize that these data reflect evolving JRA practices during the early stages of implementation and, as a result, are not necessarily representative of future practices. The annual adjustment to the ten‐year projections, using updated empirical information, will reflect the shift in JRA cases and criminal justice practices, ultimately enhancing the accuracy of the projections. The current projection indicates a decrease in the prison population compared to last year’s projection. While fluctuations in the projections are expected as changes in criminal justice practices continue with the implementation of the JRA, the primary explanation for the decrease is the most recent legislative change to the commitment location for certain misdemeanants. With this change, all misdemeanants (including those sentenced for impaired driving) are required to serve their active sentences in local jails instead of the state prison system. 3Expanded Operating Capacity (EOC) is the number of inmates housed in dormitories that operate at varying percentages (not to exceed 130%) beyond their Standard Operating Capacity, plus the number of single cells with one inmate per cell, plus the number of single cells that house two inmates per cell. Standard Operating Capacity (SOC) is the number of single cells with one inmate per cell plus the number of inmates who can be housed in dormitories by dividing the gross square feet of each dormitory by 50 square feet and rounding to the closest double bunk configuration. SOC is projected to be 33,284 for each year of the ten ‐year projection. Capacity estimates are based on projects funded or authorized. The EOC and SOC capacity estimates include decreases at Central Prison (32) and Fountain CCW(10) due to conversion of control beds to segregation beds; an addition of 32 beds at North Carolina CIW (6 mental health beds and 26 safekeeper beds) and a reduction of 2 beds (wet cells); a decrease at Eastern CI (48) due to the conversion of ICON beds to segregation beds; increases as a result of expansions at Maury CI (504), Bertie CI (504), Tabor CI (252),and Lanesboro CI (252); decreases as a result of the closure of Fountain CCW (374 SOC, 510 EOC) and North Piedmont CCW (104 SOC, 136 EOC); and increases as a result of re-opening Burke (200 SOC, 248 EOC) and Robeson (152 SOC, 192 EOC) as Confinement in Response to Violation (CRV) Centers. 4Positive numbers indicate that the current projected population is lower than capacity, while negative numbers indicate that the current projected population is higher than capacity22 II. Community Corrections Section of Community Corrections Overview Community Corrections provides supervision of offenders sentenced to probation or released from prisons on parole or post-release supervision. Probation and parole officers supervise offenders in the community by enforcing compliance with the conditions of probation, parole or post-release supervision and monitoring offender behavior. As of June 30, 2015, there were 100,868 offenders under the supervision of the Section of Community Corrections. Figure II.1: Community Corrections Population on 06/30 by Supervision Type Offenders on probation, parole or post-release are supervised based on the conditions imposed, their behavior, assessed risk of re-arrest and assessed needs. Probation and parole officers supervise low risk/low need cases with traditional probation strategies, primarily in an office setting. Offenders assessed at higher risk/needs levels have more rigorous contact requirements in their home and work environments following an individualized case plan. An offender who violates their conditions of supervision may subsequently receive additional sanctions from the court or Parole and Post Release Commission, or other supervision requirements mandated by the officer through delegated authority, such as requiring increased Community Service hours or drug screening or time in CRV. Officers are also responsible for supervising special populations such as sex offenders and domestic violence offenders. Officers refer offenders to rehabilitative services and work with other agencies to encourage participation in programs such as substance abuse treatment, mental health treatment, educational and vocational training. Additionally, officers are responsible for a wealth of administrative work associated with serving the courts, such as pre-sentence investigations and processing new cases. DWI, parole, non-North Carolina, non-judgment and deferred prosecution cases are not included in the intermediate and community populations, but are supervised by probation and parole officers according to orders of the court, Interstate Compact Agreement and/or the Parole and Post Release Commission. 0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 FY0304 FY0405 FY0506 FY0607 FY0708 FY0809 FY0910 FY1011 FY1112 FY1213 FY1314 Total Probation Post-Release Parole23 Cost of Programs The Section calculates an average cost of programs annually. The figures include the direct costs of supervision and indirect administrative costs. The average daily cost of supervising one offender ranges between approximately $4 to $5, with $4.47 for Electronic House Arrest/GPS Monitoring of sex offenders and $4.60 for Offender Supervision. Table II.1: Cost of Programs for FY 2014-2015 Section of Community Corrections Programs Daily Cost Per Offender Offender Supervision $4.60 Community Based Supervision $1.25 Drug Screening (hand held on-site/per specimen) $0.73 Electronic House Arrest/ Sex Offenders (GPS) $4.47 II.A. Probation Probation Entry Trend During FY 2014-2015, there were 54,247 new offender entries to probation, a 3% decrease from the past year’s entries. For more than 10 years, the proportion of felons and misdemeanants in probation entries remained consistent at about 28% felons and 71% misdemeanants. In FY 2013-2014, there was a slight shift to 31% felons and 69% misdemeanants. This trend of a greater proportion of felons in probation entries continued during FY 2014-2015, with felons representing 34% of the probation entries. Figure II.A.1: Probation Entries by Crime Class, FY 2006-2015 0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 09-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 Admissions Fiscal Year Total Felons Misdemeanors Fiscal Year 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012 2012-2013 2013-2014 2014-2015 Total 63,208 66,024 68,595 67,884 65,917 63,880 60,440 59,588 56,071 54,247 24 Crime Type of 2014-2015 Probation Entries The crimes of offenders entering probation supervision are grouped into one of three categories: public order, property and crimes against a person. The most frequent crime type for probation entries was public order crimes, accounting for 53% of all entries to probation during FY 2014-2015. The predominant public order crimes contributing to probation entries this fiscal year were non-trafficking drug offenses (45%), driving while impaired (32%), other traffic violations (11%) and weapons offenses (4%). Property crimes accounted for 31% of all entries to probation. The most frequent offense in this category was larceny (51%), followed by breaking and entering (16%) and fraud (16%). Other property offenses constituted 7% of crimes committed under this category, followed by forgery (4%). There were 7,777 entries to probation for crimes against a person, contributing 14% of all entries to probation for FY 2014-2015. The majority of these crimes were assaults (74%). This category also includes other offense against person (8%), robbery (8%) and sexual offenses (7%). Figure II.A.2: Probation Entries by Crime Type, FY 2014-2015 Probation Population by Sentencing Grids The Structured Sentencing Act prescribes punishments in the community based on the seriousness of the crime and criminal history. The probation population on June 30, 2015 was 89,106. The majority (56%) of this population was misdemeanant offenders. Table II.A.1: Misdemeanor Sentencing Table for Probation Population on June 30, 2015 Prior Record Level Crime Class I II III Other Total (%) A1 1,353 2,053 1,853 0 5,259 (10%) 1 7,681 8,803 6,663 3 23,150 (46%) 2 1,361 1,812 959 0 4,132 (8%) 3 1,139 532 724 0 2,395 (5%) DWI 0 0 0 15,026 15,026 (30%) Undefined 0 0 0 165 165 (<1%) Total 11,534 13,200 10,199 15,194 50,127 % (23%) (26%) (21%) (30%) 7,777 16,871 28,964 635 Crimes Against a Person Property Crimes Public Order Crimes Not Reported Crimes Against a Person Property Crimes Public Order Crimes Not Reported25 Just under one-half (46%) of the misdemeanant probation population was convicted of Class 1 offenses. The most frequent crime categories in the Class 1 offenses were larceny (33%), non-trafficking drug offenses (25%), traffic violations (15%), breaking and entering (5%), and fraud (4%). Class 2 contributes 8% to misdemeanant probationers; with the primary offenses in this class being assaults (22%), other public order offenses (18%), and traffic violations (16%). Class A1 offenses contribute 10% to the misdemeanant population; the majority of which were assaults (86%). The remaining class, Class 3, consists largely of non-trafficking drug offenses (51%), traffic violations (22%), and larceny convictions (14%). The second largest group of misdemeanors under supervision was probationers with non-Structured Sentencing crimes, which comprised 30% of the population at the end of the fiscal year. These offenders were sentenced for Driving While Impaired under separate legislation, the Safe Roads Act of 1983. Other non-Structured Sentencing offenders included offenders supervised under Deferred Prosecution. Table II.A.2: Felony Sentencing Table for Probation Population on June 30, 2015 Crime Class Prior Record Level Total (%) I II III IV V VI Other E 1032 738 99 11 5 0 3 1888 5% F 1830 1402 632 143 17 7 28 4059 10% G 1132 1674 1026 510 4 3 6 4355 11% H 6028 5397 2332 1426 300 28 51 1556 40% I 3881 2853 1493 745 182 152 47 9353 24% Other 0 0 0 0 0 0 3,432 3,432 9% Undefined 160 81 34 6 3 1 45 330 1% Total (%) 14,063 12,145 5,616 2,841 511 191 3,612 38,97 36% 31% 14% 7% 1% 0% 9% Note: The ‘Undefined’ category contains offenders that had missing crime information. The felony sentencing table above describes felons in the probation population at the end of FY 2014-2015. The felony crime class with the largest number in the probation population is Class H, representing 40% of all felons on probation. The offenses in this crime class included larceny (24%), breaking and entering (22%), fraud (22%), and drug charges (19%). Class I offenses represented 24% of probationers with felony convictions, largely non-trafficking drug offenses (69%) and breaking and entering (9%). Classes E, F and G represented the smallest proportion of felons with a structured sentence on probation on June 30, 2015. Though the majority of these crimes were drug related offenses (18%); these classes also included more serious crimes such as drug trafficking (13%), weapons offenses (13%), assault (12%) and sexual offenses (12%). Type of Probation Exits Completions accounted for 16% of the 57,526 probation exits in FY 2014-2015. In order to exit probation supervision as a completion, the offender must serve the entire term sentenced by the court and meet all conditions of probation. Revocations represented 18% of all exits from probation (probation revocation rate), an 8% decrease from FY 2014-2015. An offender is revoked due to non-compliance with the conditions of probation which includes committing a new crime or absconding. 26 Offenders may also be revoked for technical violations of probation such as positive drug tests, non-reporting and failing to attend treatment but only after they have served two periods of confinement in response to violation. The exits classified as ‘Elect to Serve’ (<1%) are often combined with the revocations for an overall revocation rate because the offender will elect to serve his or her suspended sentence rather than comply with additional sanctions imposed as a result of the violation process. Both exits result in incarceration in state prisons or county jails. The decrease in the revocation rate is a result of the confinement in response to violation (CRV) sanction instituted by the Justice Reinvestment Act. CRV sanctions are not considered exits because supervision resumes after the sanction is complete. Early terminations, which accounted for 47% of exits, may be a successful or unsuccessful end of probation supervision. The court may satisfactorily terminate probation for several reasons. These may be cases in which all conditions of probation were met early and the supervision ended. Other possibilities for exits in the early termination category are considered unsuccessful. Examples include, probation cases in which the offender absconded and is not apprehended prior to the expiration of the case, also known as an “expired absconder” in which case, the probationer is moved to unsupervised probation with District Attorney’s approval, or probation ended due to incarceration on an unrelated conviction. Finally, the “Other Exits” category includes exits due to the offender’s death, the closure of a case sentenced in another state, but supervised in North Carolina through an Interstate Compact Agreement or other termination not further described. Figure II.A.3: Probation Exits, FY 2014-2015 9,279 10,550 27,245 20 10,432 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 Completion Revocation Early Termination Elect to Serve Other Probation Exits Exit Reason 27 II.B. Post-Release Supervision Post-Release Entry Trend During FY 2014-2015, there were 10,218 entries to post-release supervision. There were approximately 2,000 annual entries to post-release supervision from FY 2005-2006 through FY 2010-2011. The sharp increases beginning in FY 2011-2012 are a result of the first full year of implementation under the Justice Reinvestment Act (JRA), in which all felons exiting prison receive a period of post-release supervision. Figure II.B.1: Post-Release Entries by Fiscal Year, 2005-2015 Fiscal Year 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012 2012-2013 2013-2014 2014-2015 Total 1,764 2,027 2,124 2,246 2,240 2,430 2,832 4,667 7,907 10,218 Post-release supervision provides oversight during the period of re-entry in the community for offenders who have been sentenced and served prison terms. This form of supervision was incorporated into the Structured Sentencing Act initially only for serious offenders who serve long prison sentences and need control and assistance readjusting to life outside of the correctional institution. Under Structured Sentencing all offenders serving a prison sentence for a Class B1 through E felony conviction are supervised for nine months to five years, depending on the offense, after completion of their required prison term. JRA requires post-release supervision for all felony offenses committed on or after December 1, 2011. Offenders serving a prison sentence for Class B1 through E felony convictions are supervised for twelve months; Class F-I are supervised for nine months; sex offenders convicted of registerable offenses are supervised up to five years depending on the date of the offense. Also beginning in FY 2011-2012, a new level for Driving While Impaired (DWI) was legislated. Individuals convicted of Aggravated DWI are assigned a four month period of post-release supervision upon completion of any prison term imposed. Post-Release Population by Structured Sentencing Grids The Sentencing Grid reflects the population on post-release supervision at the end of FY 2014-2015. The distribution of the offenders on post-release supervision will not adequately reflect the prison population convicted of these crimes for many years due to the long sentences they serve. 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 09-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 Admissions Fiscal Year 28 Table II.B.1: Sentencing Table for the Post-Release Population on June 30, 2015 Prior Record Level Crime Class I II III IV V VI Other Total (%) B1 57 17 4 1 0 0 0 79 1% B2 115 82 24 4 3 0 0 228 2% C 287 299 245 262 92 54 0 1,239 12% D 289 243 160 88 18 23 0 821 8% E 329 356 229 180 51 47 0 1,192 12% F 210 266 193 181 36 27 0 913 9% G 139 346 339 239 66 39 0 1,168 11% H 463 1,027 851 741 282 277 0 3,641 35% I 119 258 157 218 79 130 0 961 9% Undefined 68 8 11 0 0 0 26 113 1% Total 2,076 2,902 2,213 1,91 627 597 26 10,355 (%) 20% 28% 21% 19% 6% 6% 0% There were 10,355 inmates on post-release at the end of this fiscal year. This figure reflects a 31% increase from FY 2013-2014 which was an increase of 187% from the population at the end of FY 2011-2012. More offenders on post-release supervision on June 30, 2015 were convicted of Class H offenses (35%) than any other class. Class C offenses were next most numerous, the majority of the offenders having served convictions as habitual felons (44%) or for sexual assault (39%). Among inmates supervised for Class D offenses, 56% had robbery convictions. The other predominant crime categories in Class D were sexual assault (16%), burglary (13%) and manslaughter (7%). The majority of Class E convictions were assaults (31%). Other crime categories for Class E offenses on post-release supervision were kidnapping and abduction (13%), robbery (13%), and habitual felon (11%). The primary undefined offenses were breaking and entering (29%) and larceny (26%). All inmates released to post-release supervision for conviction of sexual offenses are supervised for five years. As a group, offenders on post-release on June 30, 2015 had most recently been incarcerated for drugs non-trafficking (14%), breaking and entering (13%), robbery (9%), and sexual offenses (9%). Habitual felons accounted for 7% of the year ending post-release supervision population. Type of Post-Release Exits The majority (70%) of exits from post-release supervision were completions. When the offender completes this period of supervision, the sentence for which the offender was placed on supervision is terminated. An offender on post-release supervision may be revoked for a technical violation such as positive drug tests, non-reporting, failing to attend treatment or for additional criminal convictions. In FY 2014-2015 there were 2,132 revocations, 60 offenders died, supervision was otherwise terminated for 240 offenders, supervision was unsatisfactorily terminated for 107 offenders and 21 post release offenders had a miscellaneous exit status, which included closed cases to other states etc.29 Figure II.B.2: Post-Release Exits, FY 2014-2015 II.C. Parole Parole Entry Trend During FY 2014-2015, there were 816 entries to parole supervision. Overall, there has been a steady decline in parole entries over the past ten years with 2009-2010 and 2014-15 being the exceptions. Any entries to parole were individuals sentenced prior to the adoption of Structured Sentencing or convictions for DWI under the Safe Roads Act. The Structured Sentencing Act eliminated parole for offenders sentenced under those laws. Figure II.C.1: Parole Entries, FY 2006-2015 Fiscal Year 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012 2012-2013 2013-2014 2014-2015 Total 1,870 1,767 1,690 1,584 1,669 1,520 1,196 867 784 816 The inmates who are eligible for parole were sentenced for convictions under other sentencing laws. Non-Structured Sentencing inmates comprised less than 11% of the prison population on June 30, 2015. Approximately 12% of the entries to parole during FY 2014-2015 were sentenced 6,064 2,132 428 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 Completion Revocation Other Post-Release Exits Exit Reason 0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 2,000 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 09-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 Admissions Fiscal Year 30 under DWI laws; the largest proportion of parole entries (58%) was through Interstate Compact agreements. Crime Type of Parole Population There were 1,407 offenders on parole supervision on June 30, 2015. The majority of this population was convicted of crimes against a person (45%); the greater part of which were homicides (27%), which includes first degree murder (11%), second degree murder (14%) and manslaughter (2%). These crimes were followed by robbery (29%), assault (18%), and sex offenses (11%). Slightly more than one-quarter (26%) of the population were convicted of public order crimes, which included drug offenses (65%) and driving while impaired (17%). Individuals convicted of property crimes made up 18% of the population on parole. The most frequent property crimes were burglary (48%), larceny (24%) and fraud (12%). Figure II.C.2: Crime Type of Parole Population on June 30, 2015 Type of Parole Exits There were 820 exits from parole during FY 2014-2015. Fewer than half (40%) of these exits from parole supervision were completions. There were 23 (3%) exits from parole supervision due to revocation. An offender on parole supervision may be revoked for the same reasons as probation and post-release cases. The ‘Other Exits’ category (58%) includes cases in which there was a closure of a case supervised in North Carolina but sentenced in another state (411 cases, 87% of ‘Other Exits’), a successful or unsuccessful termination, or the offender died. During FY 2014-2015, 15 parolees died. 634 259 370 144 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 Crimes Against a Person Property Crimes Public Order Crimes Not Reported Parole Population Crime Type 31 Figure II.C.3: Parole Exits, FY 2014-2015 II.D. Community Corrections Demographics Table II.D.1: Demographics of Community Corrections Admissions, FY 2014-2015 Age Category Female Male White Black Other White Black Other Total 13-18 305 287 54 1,151 1,522 309 3,628 (6%) 19-21 733 671 103 2,103 2,716 413 6,739 (10%) 22-25 1,403 1,089 116 3,489 4,168 572 10,837 (17%) 26-30 1,824 970 135 3,947 3,895 635 11,406 (17%) 31-35 1,592 741 123 3,214 3,002 523 9,195 (14%) 36-40 1,229 534 83 2,343 2,200 372 6,761 (10%) 41-45 946 432 62 1,958 1,849 294 5,541 (8%) 46-50 688 374 35 1,641 1,600 177 4,515 (7%) 51-55 508 257 25 1,230 1,267 112 3,399 (5%) 56-60 244 108 18 744 761 61 1,936 (3%) 61-65 70 44 3 331 335 34 817 (1%) 66-70 47 11 2 144 129 6 339 (1%) 71+ 22 6 1 79 51 9 168 (<1%) Total 9,611 5,524 760 22,374 23,495 3,517 65,281 (100%) (%) 15% 8% 1% 34% 36% 5% 324 22 474 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 Completion Revocation Other Parole Population Crime Type 32 Table II.D.2: Demographics of Community Corrections Population, FY 2014-2015 Age Category Female Male White Black Other White Black Other Total 13-18 211 209 38 869 1,240 262 2,829 (3%) 19-21 781 741 114 2,586 3,487 583 8,292 (8%) 22-25 1,779 1,646 157 5,037 6,479 932 16,030 (16%) 26-30 2,775 1,776 207 6,261 6,545 964 18,528 (19%) 31-35 2,518 1,361 189 5,127 5,043 818 15,056 (15%) 36-40 2,049 1,121 151 3,861 3,815 591 11,588 (12%) 41-45 1,590 818 104 3,432 3,035 456 9,435 (9%) 46-50 1,181 664 58 2,721 2,539 268 7,431 (7%) 51-55 840 456 36 2,195 2,130 155 5,812 (6%) 56-60 436 224 21 1,283 1,261 124 3,349 (3%) 61-65 144 87 5 599 607 48 1,490 (1%) 66-70 72 26 2 317 231 20 668 (1%) 71+ 41 7 1 197 100 14 360 (<1%) Total 14,417 9,136 1,083 34,485 36,512 5,235 100,868 (100%) (%) 14% 9% 1% 34% 36% 5% 33 II.E. Sanctions for Supervised Offenders Sanctions provide graduated punishment or control in the community by increasing or decreasing supervision based on the offender’s behavior. Confinement in prison or jail always remains an option for noncompliance with the court or conditions set by the Post Release Supervision and Parole Commission. Available sanctions in North Carolina are listed in the table below. Table II.E.1: Sanction Utilization, FY 2013-2014 Sanction Entries Population Fiscal Year 2014- as of June 30, 2015 Electronic House Arrest/Electronic Monitoring 4,952 1,718 Continuous or Non-continuous Split Sentence 17,326 3,135 Residential Community Correction Facility 1,569 400 Drug Treatment Court 678 333 Electronic House Arrest (EHA): Community Corrections continued its operation of the EHA Sanction during the fiscal year, combining officer contact with radio/computer technology to monitor the offender. The computer, radio, and communication technologies provide assistance with control elements of supervision while Intermediate officers focus on supervision and treatment components. In this most restrictive community sanction, offenders are allowed to leave their residence only for treatment, employment, or educational purposes. Continuous or Non-Continuous Split Sentence/Special Probation: A split sentence, also called special probation, is imposed by the court and includes a period of incarceration which the offender must serve. The offender may have a split sentence which allows him to serve only on weekends. In a continuous sentence, the offender serves time with no break (e.g., serves 6 months continuously instead of having the sentence broken into weeks and weekends). Residential Treatment: Residential treatment facilities, operated outside the scope of the Section, exist to address specific treatment or behavior needs. Offenders ordered to participate in this sanction must spend a specific period of time living within the facility, usually from a 30-day period to as much as a two-year period. Most residential programs are operated by the non-profit sector, although the division does operate two residential treatment programs, DART Cherry therapeutic community and Black Mountain Substance Abuse Treatment Center for Women. Drug Treatment Court: Drug Treatment Court uses a team approach that includes representatives from several local District stakeholders. After determining the needs of the Drug Treatment Court participant, a common case plan is developed with each member of the team having a specific role. The participant is placed under the supervision of a Drug Treatment Court Probation Officer. The probation officer provides community corrections case management. II.F. Supervised Offender Programs & Special Initiatives The Section of Community Corrections (SCC) offers a number of programs for offenders during their period of supervision. These programs assist in supervision and provide a specialized intervention design to address offender behavior and promote rehabilitation. Community Service Work Program: The Community Service Work Program provides oversight of offenders ordered to perform community service hours for criminal offenses, including DWI 34 offenses. Offenders are assigned to perform service to local communities in an effort to promote rehabilitation and restore or improve the community. Over 2,340 individual agencies utilize community service offenders. The coordinators' role has expanded to include court processing throughout the state. The 226 Judicial Services Coordinators enrolled 48,256 offenders in the Community Service Work Program. Offenders completed 1,365,630 hours. The types of work performed were general labor, clerical labor, skilled labor, professional labor, and litter pick-up. The total dollar value of the hours performed based on the type of labor was $9,982,792. Community service fees were collected in the amount of $7,005,338. Electronic Monitoring/GPS: Session Law 2006-247 (H1896) required the division to establish a sex offender monitoring program using a continuous satellite based monitoring system to monitor sex offenders in the community starting January 1, 2007. Offenders subject to monitoring include those under probation, parole, or post-release supervision, as well as certain offenders who have completed their periods of supervision or incarceration and no longer have supervision requirements, but who are subject to lifetime tracking pursuant to statute. G.S. 14-208.40(a) establishes two categories of offenders who are subject to GPS monitoring: (1) any offender classified as a sexually violent predator, is a recidivist, or was convicted of an aggravated offense (Mandatory GPS); and (2) any offender who has committed an offense involving the physical, mental, or sexual abuse of a minor and requires the highest possible level of supervision and monitoring based on the results of a risk assessment known as the STATIC-99 (Conditional GPS). Both categories require that the offender be convicted of a reportable conviction and is required to register as a sex offender. Offenders in the mandatory category also fall into the lifetime tracking category, and will remain under GPS once any supervision or incarceration period ends. Domestic Violence Offender Supervision: The Section of Community Corrections recognizes that domestic violence offenders are a special population that requires unique case management expectations and a higher level of control and treatment during supervision. In addition to the general supervision contacts, there are other requirements that must be completed by the officer for domestic violence offenders to ensure public and victim safety. These include: Inform the offender that it is a violation of federal law to possess a firearm or ammunition. Check for an existing 50-B order at the beginning of supervision and every 90 days thereafter. Conduct a warrantless search of the offender’s premises at the beginning of supervision and every 90 days thereafter ensuring that neither weapons nor ammunition are in the residence. Attend one meeting with the offender’s treatment provider each month to discuss the offender’s progress. At the close of FY 2014-2015, approximately 1,852 offenders were being supervised through the Domestic Violence Program. Domestic Violence case management combines effective use of supervision tools designed to assist the victim and control the offender along with treatment resources to break the cycle of violence. Community Corrections mandates three-hour Domestic Violence training for all field staff. All current staff were trained and all new field employees are required to complete the training within the first 45 days of hire. The training is contained on a compact disc (CD) so that staff can view the training at their work stations rather than traveling to a traditional training site. Each District has a copy of the training and is able to provide community partners with the training. The training is comprehensive and covers the topics which are relevant to community supervision of Domestic Violence offenders.35 Community Corrections continues to maintain partnerships with Batterer’s Intervention Programs, Victim Service Agencies, and Treatment Accountability for Safe Communities by maintaining Memorandums of Understanding (MOU) which outline local processes, protocol and roles of each party. The SCC will continue to develop partnerships at the state level with local and state agencies, coalitions, and victim service providers to bring a voice from across the spectrum to work together to provide best practices in shaping the Domestic Violence Program. A Domestic Violence and Sex Offender Committee has been formed to review policy and legislation. The committee has been tasked with making recommendations for changes in policies or legislation. The agency will continue to look at additional resources that will follow evidence-based practices in effectively supervising this highly volatile population while providing the officer with the necessary tools to maintain offender accountability and to protect the victim. Transition Services: The SCC works in collaboration with other sections in the division to provide support to offenders as they transition from prison to community supervision and after the period of supervision ends. The SCC is instrumental in planning, developing and implementing strategies that have a positive impact on individuals who are seeking to be reunited with their family and community. Program staff assist offenders that are transitioning back to the community each year. Each year many offenders are being released without any place to go. The Staff work in collaboration with prison case managers and the probation field staff to locate stable residences for returning offenders, and establish relationships within offenders’ communities so that once an offender is released they have access to services. Limited English Proficiency (LEP) Offender Program: Because North Carolina has such a diverse population, the SCC population consists of offenders from many different cultures and ethnic groups. Because Hispanics make up the largest portion of the Limited English Proficiency population, the SCC has had many of the forms, as well as, the Risk Needs Assessment Offender Self Report translated into Spanish. Although, there are still barriers for those offenders who do not read Spanish, the SCC has been able to utilize a telephone translation service to assist the staff with offenders who speak languages other than English. The telephone translation service was utilized 392 times during FY 2014-2015. Victim Notification Program: The SCC established an Automated Victim Notification Program to meet the section’s responsibilities in the Crime Victims’ Rights Act, General Statute 15A-837. Legislation mandated the SCC to notify victims of specific crimes committed on or after July 1, 1999. The section has carried the notification process a step further in that we give every victim the opportunity to be notified and we will register victims only upon their request. The notification process was established as a centralized victim notification program to ensure the accuracy of the automated notification letters that are generated by updates made to offender records in the OPUS (Offender Population Unified System) computer system. There are 26 different letters that cover the above mandated notifications. Each day the system generates approximately 114 notices explaining conditions of the offender’s supervision or movements into or out of an intermediate sanction, violations, hearings, absconding, capture, restitution modifications, terminations, discharges, or death. The program is staffed by 4 personnel in the Administrative Programs section, one statewide advocate notification coordinator and three information processing assistants. 36 Table II.F.1 shows the “snap-shot” numbers of victims that have registered for services and the offenders tied to those victims as of the end of the fiscal year. Also shown are the numbers of notification letters sent during the fiscal year. Table II.F.1: Victim Notification Program Activity, FY 2014-2015 Division Offenders Victims Notification Letters First 452 600 4,842 Second 1,489 2,095 4,102 Third 964 1,425 8,984 Fourth 356 563 3,881 Administrative 190 304 1,457 Total 3,451 4,987 23,266 Treatment for Effective Community Supervision (TECS) The Justice Reinvestment Act created the TECS which is designed to support the use of evidence-based practices to reduce recidivism and to promote coordination between State and community-based corrections programs. National research studies indicate that Cognitive Behavioral Intervention (CBI) programming has significant impact on recidivism. Therefore, the Department decided to designate a large portion of the TECS funding towards CBI. The priority populations for TECS programs are offenders convicted of a felony or offenders sentenced under G.S. 90-96 conditional discharge for a felony offense; and offenders identified using a validated risk assessment instrument to have a high likelihood of reoffending. Core services offered to offenders through TECS include cognitive behavioral interventions with booster sessions and a community based continuum of substance services to include outpatient, intensive outpatient, and aftercare/recovery management services. Support services such as education, employment, and social supports based on offender needs must also be addressed by vendors through community linkages and collaboration. Figure II.F.1: Offenders Served in TECS by Risk Level *L1 includes offenders not yet assessed by supervised as high-risk offenders. 3,682 4,370 3,676 621 37 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000 L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 Parole Population Supervision Level 37 II.G. Supervised Population Projections Each year the Rehabilitative Programs & Services section projects the total number of offenders who will be under probation, post-release and parole supervision at the end of the fiscal year. The statistical model projects the supervision population based on aggregate data trends. The primary factors that influence the population projections are the anticipated number of entries to supervision and the estimated average length of stay for various supervision levels. The population projection integrates Structured Sentencing probation entry projections for the next five years provided by the North Carolina Sentencing and Policy Advisory Commission. Length of stay and entries to probation for Driving While Impaired, post-release supervision and parole are derived by Division staff based on historical trends. The Section uses a statistical model to project the population supervised in the community based on anticipated population and supervision standards. The five-year population projections use growth assumptions adopted by the North Carolina Sentencing and Policy Advisory Commission’s Technical Forecasting Advisory Group and data prepared by the Section. The analysis shows that probation/parole officer resources remain below the level required to meet the supervision caseload goals. The table below shows the projections for the end of year population assigned to probation/parole officers, and the current position resources versus projected staffing needs. Table II.G.1: Probation/Parole Officer Caseload Projections, FY 2015-2016 – FY 2018-2019 Fiscal Year Projected End Of Year Supervision Population On June 30 Required Officer Resources Current Officer Resources Additional Resources Needed FY 15-16 101,837 1,885 1,876 9 FY 16-17 101,877 1,885 1,876 9 FY 17-18 103,915 1,917 1,876 41 FY 18-19 104,954 1,945 1,876 69 FY 19-20 106,005 1,965 1,876 89 38 III. Alcoholism & Chemical Dependency Programs Alcoholism and Chemical Dependency Programs (ACDP) is a unit of the Section of the Prisons. Its mission is to plan, administer and coordinate chemical dependency screening, assessment, and treatment services for offenders. The unit provides regular training and clinical supervision for program staff, encourages input from all staff related program development, and is committed to activities directed at leadership development for program and district management teams. ACDP promotes programming that reflects “best practices” for intervention and treatment, as established by the National Institute of Health and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Unit leadership embraces programs that are based on cognitive-behavioral interventions, which challenge criminal thinking, confront the abuse and addiction processes, and are proven to reduce recidivism. In addition, the unit provides information and education on traditional recovery resources available to inmates both while in prison and upon return to the community. All male prison programs utilize “A New Direction” curriculum, which is an evidence-based program emphasizing identification of destructive thinking patterns and replacement with constructive recovery-driven thoughts and actions. One hallmark of prison-based ACDP programs is the use of treatment assistants who are current inmates in recovery from alcoholism and/or drug addiction. The concept of treatment assistants helping the treatment team is an integral part of corrections treatment design. Treatment assistants have completed residential treatment during their current sentences, and have participated in the ACDP continuum of care. Six months after the completion of treatment, inmates may choose to begin the treatment assistant application process. Selected male candidates attend an intensive 10-week training program. Unique in some of ACDP’s treatment environments is the concept of a “Therapeutic Community” (TC) as the core component of treatment design. The therapeutic community model views drug abuse as a disorder of the whole person. Treatment activities promote an understanding of criminal thinking in relation to substance abuse behavior and engage the offender in activities that encourage experiential and social learning. The community of inmates is the main driving force in bringing about change, as inmates who are further along in treatment are used to help others initiate the process of change. Unit programs encompass three major service levels for offenders. There are two community-based residential treatment programs for probationers/parolees; one for males and one for females. The other two categories established for male and female inmates consist of intermediate treatment services and long-term treatment services within 17 prison facilities. These latter services are provided within DACJJ prison facilities. For probationers and parolees, eligibility for admission to a community-based residential treatment program is determined by court order or by the Post-Release Supervision and Parole Commission. Eligible offenses include driving while impaired or other drug charges/convictions. Eligibility for prison-based treatment programs is established during diagnostic processing, and utilizes the Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory (SASSI) as a severity indicator of substance abuse problems. Based on the screening results, prison staff makes the initial referral to treatment. Upon admission to a treatment program, ACDP staff completes a thorough “common assessment” on all participants, which further defines the history and extent of the substance 39 abuse problem. Together, these measures establish final recommended treatment placement for participants in an ACDP program. III.A. Community Residential Substance Abuse Treatment ACDP provides residential treatment facilities for both men and women. The facilities are responsible for the delivery of chemical dependency treatment services to probationers sent by the courts and parolees released from the State Prison System and transitioning back into the community. Enrollment in DART-Cherry DART Cherry is a community residential facility in Goldsboro that treats male probationers and parolees. The 90-day program has two Therapeutic Community (TC) programs in separate buildings, each with 100 treatment slots. The therapeutic community model views drug abuse as a disorder of the whole person. Treatment activities promote an understanding of criminal thinking in relation to substance abuse behavior and engage the offender in activities that encourage experiential and social learning. The overall enrollment in DART Cherry programs increased slightly from 1,311 to 1,319 in FY 2014-2015. Probationers made up the largest portion (89%) of the offenders assigned to the 90-day program in FY 2014-2015. Table III.A.1: Enrollment for DART Cherry, FY 2014-2015 Type of Supervision Offenders Enrolled Percent of Annual Enrolled 90-day Parole 142 11% 90-day Probation 1,177 89% Total 1,319 100% Exits from DART-Cherry The majority (83%) of participants at DART-Cherry exit the program as successful completions. The “Other” category includes exits due to administrative reasons, detainers, and illness. Table III.A.3: DART-Cherry Exits, FY 2014-2015 Exit Reason 90-Day Program Completed 893 83% Absconded/Withdrawn 77 7% Transferred/Released 6 1% Removed/Discipline 78 7% Inappropriate for Treatment 14 1% Other 12 1% Total 1,080 100% Enrollment in Black Mountain The Black Mountain Substance Abuse Treatment Center for Women is a 60-bed residential treatment facility that provides chemical dependency treatment services to probationers sent by the courts and to parolees released from prison and transitioning home to the community. The program embraces evidence-based practice design and provides a multi-disciplinary approach, focusing on group and individual therapy in addition to substance abuse education.40 Female inmates identified as candidates to participate in the Black Mountain program receive additional screening prior to assignment to ensure that the inmate is appropriate for treatment and that medical and mental health issues are stabilized prior to paroling them to the facility. The overall enrollment in Black Mountain programs decreased from 303 to 296 in FY 2014-2015. Probationers made up the largest portion (97%) of the offenders assigned to the 90-day program. Table III.A.4: Enrollment for Black Mountain, FY 2014-2015 Type of Supervision Offenders Enrolled Percent of Annual Enrolled 90-day Parole 9 3% 90-day Probation 287 97% Total 296 100% Exits from Black Mountain The majority (74%) of offenders at Black Mountain exited the program as successful completions. The “Other” category includes exits due to administrative reasons, detainers, and illness. Table III.A.5: Black Mountain Exits, FY 2014-2015 Exit Reason 90 Day Program Completed 186 74% Absconded/Withdrawn 8 3% Transferred/Released 2 1% Removed/Discipline 33 13% Inappropriate for Treatment 20 8% Other 3 1% Total 252 100% Table III.A.6: Demographics of ACDP Community Residential Enrollees, FY 2014-2015 Age Category Female Male White Black Other White Black Other Total (%) 13-18 1 0 0 15 3 1 20 (1%) 19-21 30 0 2 86 34 7 159 (10%) 22-25 49 12 3 178 66 14 322 (20%) 26-30 69 6 2 182 70 11 340 (21%) 31-35 32 9 2 110 50 8 211 (13%) 36-40 22 5 1 60 49 2 139 (9%) 41-45 17 5 0 56 42 4 124 (8%) 46-50 10 6 0 56 58 2 132 (8%) 51-55 6 3 0 42 45 2 98 (6%) 56-60 3 0 0 17 27 0 47 (3%) 61-65 1 0 0 10 10 0 21 (1%) 66-70 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (0%) Unknown 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 (<1%) Total 240 46 10 814 454 51 1,615 (%) (15%) (3%) (<1%) (50%) (28%) (3%) 41 III.B. Intermediate ACDP Programs Intermediate ACDP programs range from 35 to 90 days and were available in 12 prison facilities across the state during FY 2014-2015. Program lengths vary in order to accommodate a range of sentence lengths and those inmates who are referred late in their incarceration. Intermediate programs are back-end loaded, that is, offenders successfully complete the program and then leave prison immediately or soon thereafter. Programs begin with a mandatory 15-day orientation. During that time, ACDP staff conduct assessments to confirm the inmate’s need for treatment. After the orientation, and depending upon the results of the assessment and the inmate’s level of motivation, the inmate may opt to leave the program. Otherwise, the inmate will continue to the treatment phase of the program. Treatment involves lectures, role play and thinking reports, and group counseling which is designed to break through denial about the substance abuse problem and introduce the inmate to recovery-based thinking and action. Enrollment in Intermediate Programs The majority of intermediate programs are open-ended such that weekly enrollments and exits are coordinated with Prisons transfer schedules. This coordination results in fluctuations in the number of inmates actually enrolled in the treatment program. The total annual enrollment for intermediate ACDP programs increased 20% (4,111 offenders) during FY 2014-2015 compared to the number of inmates (3,431) enrolled in FY 2013-2014. Much of this fluctuation in the last couple of years could be attributed to population management to address prison closures and subsequent program start-up at units receiving treatment slots from closed facilities. Table III.B.1: Enrollment in Intermediate ACDP Programs, FY 2014-2015 Overall capacity utilization rate was affected by start-up programs. Piedmont Correctional Institution offered two levels of programming, medium and minimum. The program at Swannanoa Correctional Center for Women decreased treatment beds from 90 to 60 due to staffing shortages within the prison facility. Alexander reflected the lowest utilization rate and markedly different from all other facilities. The capacity utilization rate changed at several facilities indicating that changes in the last few years may require time to come to capacity with inmates appropriate for treatment. Facility Treatment Slots Annual Enrollment Average Daily Enrollment Capacity Utilization Rate (%) NC Correctional Institution for Women 68 431 65 96% Piedmont Correctional Institution - Medium 64 525 70 109% Piedmont Correctional Institution - Minimum 33 222 30 91% Harnett Correctional Institution 33 166 28 85% Pender Correctional Institution 106 686 100 94% Johnston Correctional Institution 68 336 56 82% Lumberton Correctional Institution 64 390 60 94% Catawba Correctional Center 32 213 30 94% Craggy Correctional Center 68 409 64 94% Swannanoa Correctional Center for Women 60 229 55 92% Rutherford Correctional Center 34 209 32 94% Alexander Correctional Institution 80 295 39 49% Totals 710 4,111 629 89% 42 Exits from Intermediate Programs Of the exits from Intermediate programs, the majority (67%) were completions. Completion is defined as satisfactory participation in the program for the required number of treatment days. The next most common reason for exiting the program was removal (14%) of inmates from the program. The removed category consists of offenders who were removed from the treatment program by staff for administrative reasons or due to the offender’s behavior. The withdrawal category is made up of offenders who voluntarily withdraw from the treatment program against staff advice; ten percent (10%) of participants withdrew from treatment. Inmates who elect to exit the program are referred back to their Prison Case Manager for an alternative assignment. Though every effort is made to facilitate treatment completion, inmates may be transferred to another prison facility or are released from prison during the course of treatment. Three percent (3%) exited as a result of transfer or release. When inmates are assigned to a treatment program, staff conduct thorough assessments of the offender’s treatment needs. Only 2% of the inmates who exited from the intermediate programs were considered inappropriate for treatment. Table III.B.2: Exits from Intermediate ACDP Programs, FY 2014-2015 Exit Reason Number of Exits Percent of All Exits Completion 2,054 67% Inappropriate for Treatment 69 2% Other 131 4% Removed/Discipline 425 14% Transferred/Released 72 3% Withdrawal 300 10% Total 3,051 100% Table III.B.3: Demographics of ACDP Intermediate Treatment Participants, FY 2014-2015 Age Category Male Female White Black Other White Black Other Total (%) 13 - 18 1 0 0 0 1 0 2 <1% 19 - 21 12 31 3 16 7 3 72 (2%) 22 - 25 285 309 18 66 18 4 700 (18%) 26 - 30 380 284 26 126 25 1 842 (20%) 31 - 35 362 236 30 107 14 2 751 (18%) 36 - 40 228 195 27 79 18 5 552 (13%) 41 - 45 180 172 12 75 14 1 454 (11%) 46 - 50 133 147 12 29 18 1 340 (8%) 51 - 55 98 129 1 16 8 1 253 (6%) 56 - 60 44 51 1 6 9 0 111 (3%) 61 - 65 16 13 0 1 0 0 30 <1% 66 - 70 8 5 0 1 0 0 14 <1% 71+ 1 1 0 0 0 0 2 <1% Total* 1,748 1,573 130 522 132 18 4,123 (%) (42%) (38%) (3%) (13%) (3%) (0%) *Does not sum to the total of enrollments and exits since some inmates both enrolled and exited during the same time period.43 III.C. Long-Term Treatment Programs Long-term treatment programs within ACDP range from 120 to 365 days. These programs are reserved for offenders who are in need of intensive treatment as indicated by SASSI scores of 4 or 5, whose abuse history is both lengthy and severe, and those with multiple treatment episodes. Long-term treatment programs address substance abuse and criminal thinking issues throughout the treatment process. All long-term programs are back-end loaded, that is, offenders successfully complete the program and then leave prison immediately or soon thereafter. Programs utilize a modified Therapeutic Community (TC) model in the correctional environment. Enrollment in Long-Term Programs The overall enrollment in long-term programs decreased slightly from 1,079 to 1,015 while the overall capacity utilization rate for long-term programs was at 76% during FY 2014-2015. This is partially due to two facilities closing resulting in a realignment of program capacity at other facilities, with the likelihood of creating a brief delay in assigning inmates to programs. Table III.C.1: Enrollment in Long-Term Treatment Programs, FY 2014-2015 Exits from Long-Term Programs In total, 647 inmates exited a prison long-term substance abuse treatment program during FY 2014-2015. Less than one-half (41%) successfully completed the program requirements. Approximately one third (32%) exited for behavioral or clinical problems identified by program or custody staff. The prison long-term treatment programs have the highest proportion of exits due to removal by staff for a number of reasons. By definition, these are the longest treatment programs so there is more opportunity for a disciplinary infraction to occur. Additionally, the population served by these prison programs is also a significant factor in these inmates are often individuals with a high-risk for rearrest. Table III.C.3: Exits from Long-Term Treatment Programs, FY 2014-2015 Exit Reason Number of Exits Percent of Exits Completion 264 41% Inappropriate for treatment 10 2% Other 20 3% Removed/Discipline 206 32% Transferred/Released/Out to Court 28 4% Withdrawal 119 18% Total 647 100% Facility Treatment Slots Annual Enrollment Average Daily Enrollment Capacity Utilization Rate NC Correctional Institution for Women 34 97 32 94% Fountain Correctional Center for Women 42 49 24 57% Southern Correctional Institution 32 87 20 63% Dan River Work Farm 68 284 61 90% Eastern Correctional Institution 64 69 34 53% Morrison Correctional Institution 88 273 76 86% Polk Correctional Institution 32 156 26 81% Totals 360 1,015 272 76% 44 Participant withdrawal (18%) was the next most frequent exit reason. The withdrawal category is made up of offenders who voluntarily exit the treatment program against staff advice. Another 2% of long-term treatment program exits were inmates inappropriately assigned to treatment or deemed medically incapable. This type of exit occurs after program staff conduct assessments of the inmates during the orientation phase of the treatment program. An additional 4% transferred to another facility, were released from prison due to coming to the end of their sentence or went out to court for more than three consecutive days. Table III.C.2: Demographics of Long-Term Treatment Participants, FY 2014-2015 Age Category Male Female White Black Other White Black Other Total (%) 13-18 6 13 0 0 0 0 19 (2%) 19-21 67 71 5 5 3 0 151 (15%) 22-25 70 65 5 24 2 0 166 (17%) 26-30 61 54 6 44 8 6 179 (18%) 31-35 63 34 5 64 10 1 177 (17%) 36-40 33 25 2 44 8 1 113 (11%) 41-45 17 24 0 23 11 1 76 (8%) 46-50 22 20 0 15 9 0 66 (7%) 51-55 10 14 1 13 7 0 45 (4%) 56-60 4 7 1 2 0 0 14 (1%) 61-65 3 4 0 0 1 0 8 <1% 66-70 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 <1% 71+ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (0%) Total* 356 332 25 234 59 9 1,015 (%) (35%) (33%) (2%) (23%) (6%) (1%) *Does not sum to the total of enrollments and exits.45 IV. Correction Enterprises North Carolina Correction Enterprises (NCCE) is the prison industry section of the division. NCCE's goal is to provide meaningful work experiences and rehabilitative opportunities for inmates during incarceration, and provide quality goods and services to tax-supported entities at a savings to the taxpayers. Correction Enterprises works with other state agencies, such as the Department of Labor, the Employment Security Commission and Community Colleges, to assist inmates in developing work skills and achieve competencies necessary for obtaining and holding jobs upon release. The objective is for the former offender to obtain and maintain gainful employment upon release, thus significantly reducing his/her recidivism risk. In 2012, NCCE implemented a strategic plan to define the agency’s mission, vision, core values and achievements for the next five years. The plan lays out specific goals that Correction Enterprises has embarked upon and will strive to accomplish by the end of Fiscal Year 2017. The goals and objectives include: • Improve Customer Experience • Increase Opportunities for Inmate Success • Increase Market Share • Maintain Financial Stability • Improve Organizational Efficiencies • Increase Environmental Responsibility • Implement New Product Development For the FY 2014-2015, the total sales for NCCE were $96,218,735. After accounting for the cost of sales, operating expenses and transfers to other funds the NCCE net income was a gain of $2,266,066, a marked difference from FY 2013-2014 where NCCE showed net income as a loss of $728,576. In the FY 2014-2015, NCCE had 30 separate operations that produced a variety of goods and services including traffic signs and paint; farming and food processing; printing, Braille and quick copy; furniture and re-upholstery; metal products; uniforms, embroidery and other sewn items; eyeglasses; license tags; janitorial products; laundry services; and warehouse and distribution. The average daily number of inmates employed by Correction Enterprises was 2,085 with the demographics summarized in the table below: Table IV.1: Average Daily Enrollment in NCCE, FY 2014-2015 Male Female White Black Other Total White Black Other Total 779 995 218 1,992 66 22 5 93 Those operations averaging more than 100 inmate workers are: • Farm and Cannery Operation – Tillery Correctional Center • Janitorial Products – Warren Correctional Institution • Laundry Operation – Sampson Correctional Institution • Print Plant – Nash Correctional Institution • Sewing Plants – Columbus, Scotland, Marion, and Pender Correctional Institutions46 • Sign Plant – Franklin Correctional Center Correction Enterprises is authorized to sell products and services to taxpayer-supported agencies and to North Carolina’s 501(c)(3) organizations that receive some level of tax support. For over 10 years Correction Enterprises has partnered with the state and federal Departments of Labor (DOL), the Section of Prisons and the Community College System to establish apprenticeship programs that will eventually lead the successful inmate to certification as a Journeyman in a trade skill. By using DOL job competency standards, Correction Enterprises ensures that training provided to inmates is consistent with those skills recognized by an industry, as necessary for competent performance at the Journeyman level in that industry. These standards usually require at least 144 hours of related classroom instruction for every 2,000 hours of on-the-job training. Currently, Correction Enterprises has apprenticeship programs in Combination Welding, Printing (nine separate programs), Re-upholstery, Duplicating Services Technology, Sewing Machine Repair, Digital Design (Embroidery), Woodworking, Sewing Operator, Upholstery, and Laundry Wash Technician. Apprenticeship programs in Dental Technology, Braille Transcription, and Chemical Products Quality Control are planned for the future. To be eligible to participate in an apprenticeship program, inmates must have a high school diploma or be currently enrolled in a GED program. All apprenticeship programs are administered and awarded by the North Carolina Department of Labor. Correction Enterprises is also the N.C. administrator for the Prison Industries Enhancement Certification Program (PIECP). The U.S. Department of Justice Prison Industry Enhancement (PIE) program regulates partnerships between prison industries and private business for the manufacture of goods that are sold in inter-state commerce. Inmates who work in PIE manufacturing operations earn a prevailing wage, comparable to that earned by workers performing similar jobs in the local community. Mandatory inmate wage deductions provide DAC with the means of collecting taxes and partially recovering inmate room and board. Inmate wage deductions are also used to assist with family support and for providing crime victims with greater opportunity to obtain compensation. Correction Enterprises’ active PIE partnerships include S2 Clean at Warren Janitorial Plant to supply eco-friendly cleaning products and an Inmate Packaging program at Lanesboro Correctional Institution We are currently seeking a new partner for the Dental program at Pamlico Correctional Institution.47 V. Appendices 48 Appendix A: DAC Populations: Convicting County, FY 2013-2014 Table V.A1: DAC Populations: Convicting County, FY 2014-2015 County Prison Entries Prison Population Community Entries Community Population Alamance 520 747 1,312 1,849 Alexander 80 98 239 382 Alleghany 26 43 80 136 Anson 76 118 217 328 Ashe 44 86 160 245 Avery 54 60 127 198 Beaufort 208 374 494 962 Bertie 17 52 135 189 Bladen 62 111 354 522 Brunswick 239 353 638 1,079 Buncombe 484 1,032 1,241 1,855 Burke 248 351 558 846 Cabarrus 546 749 1,527 2,364 Caldwell 183 274 488 659 Camden 8 16 51 54 Carteret 206 255 478 722 Caswell 34 67 96 174 Catawba 347 583 713 1,158 Chatham 76 138 179 332 Cherokee 32 64 121 236 Chowan 30 42 130 151 Clay 13 14 42 66 Cleveland 413 638 941 1,707 Columbus 149 264 492 749 Craven 254 427 633 1,043 Cumberland 883 1,494 2,122 2,966 Currituck 28 36 156 247 Dare 82 104 364 562 Davidson 353 717 1,149 1,860 Davie 66 124 279 424 Duplin 179 261 472 661 Durham 509 1,119 1,771 2,464 Edgecombe 221 275 479 838 Forsyth 653 1,629 2,272 3,624 Franklin 106 133 254 365 Gaston 536 946 1,169 2,140 Gates 10 22 65 69 Graham 15 24 43 57 Granville 116 149 245 391 Greene 58 71 135 222 49 County Prison Entries Prison Population Community Entries Community Population Guilford 1,281 2,634 3,113 5,334 Halifax 109 225 461 763 Harnett 201 345 553 793 Haywood 125 218 396 540 Henderson 222 354 528 709 Hertford 45 106 222 298 Hoke 138 230 344 604 Hyde 14 18 30 43 Iredell 377 644 1,283 2,059 Jackson 55 82 215 278 Johnston 418 619 1,344 1,594 Jones 31 38 101 157 Lee 127 207 384 654 Lenoir 248 355 869 1,207 Lincoln 241 347 579 1,204 Macon 53 94 164 283 Madison 60 73 153 252 Martin 117 167 282 465 McDowell 203 249 466 653 Mecklenburg 1,221 2,852 2,902 4,776 Mitchell 51 69 129 220 Montgomery 72 82 332 523 Moore 249 410 942 1,314 Nash 333 412 671 1,080 New Hanover 699 1,005 2,228 3,326 Northampton 20 83 125 203 Onslow 336 613 916 1,342 Orange 132 286 428 605 Pamlico 25 26 69 107 Pasquotank 63 139 388 527 Pender 137 183 407 673 Perquimans 27 33 84 117 Person 196 261 366 474 Pitt 629 843 1,892 2,813 Polk 22 32 92 130 Randolph 230 377 1,076 1,738 Richmond 158 215 430 616 Robeson 320 731 866 1,423 Rockingham 236 468 608 919 Rowan 507 777 1,588 2,334 Rutherford 267 299 640 921 Sampson 202 378 508 758 Scotland 94 221 374 612 Stanly 122 205 381 547 50 County Prison Entries Prison Population Community Entries Community Population Stokes 100 196 258 480 Surry 163 267 449 718 Swain 31 54 98 145 Transylvania 44 77 118 137 Tyrrell 10 12 53 75 Union 273 443 819 1,348 Vance 106 162 319 478 Wake 1,891 2,710 4,890 6,680 Warren 30 49 105 209 Washington 24 56 105 153 Watauga 98 121 271 455 Wayne 323 554 1,072 1,374 Wilkes 274 466 689 1,049 Wilson 238 300 538 1,013 Yadkin 134 175 354 250 Yancey 53 60 164 4,768 51 Appendix B. Listing of Prison Facilities Table V.B1: Listing of Prison Facilities Division of Prison Facility Name Standard Operating Capacity (EOC) Phone # Albemarle Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 624 (816) 44150 Airport Road, New London, P.O. Box 460, Badin, NC 28009 (704) 422-3036 Alexander Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 1,122 (1,180) 633 Old Landfill Road, Taylorsville, NC 28681 (828) 632-1331 Avery-Mitchell Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 624 (816) 600 Amity Park Road, Spruce Pine, NC 28777 (828) 765-0229 Bertie Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 1,284 (1,400) 218 Cooper Hill Road, P.O. Box 129, Windsor NC 27983 (252) 794-8600 Brown Creek Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 1,084 (1,204) 248 Prison Camp Road, P.O. Box 310, Polkton, NC 28135 (704) 694-2622 Caldwell Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 194 (238) 480 Pleasant Hill Road, Lenoir, NC 28645 (828) 726-2509 Caledonia Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 958 (1,014) 2787 Caledonia Drive, P.O. Box 137, Tillery, NC 27887 (252) 826-5621 Carteret Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 244 (300) 1084 Orange Street, P.O. Box 220, Newport, NC 28570-0220 (252) 223-5100 Caswell Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 354 (460) 444 County Home Road, Blanch, NC 27212 (336) 694-4531 Catawba Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 192 (230) 1347 Prison Road, Newton, NC 28650 (828) 466-5521 Central Prison Standard Operating Capacity: 720 (720) 1300 Western Blvd., 4285 MSC, Raleigh, NC 27699-4285 (919) 733-0800 Community Transition (formerly ECO) Standard Operating Capacity: 30 (30) 127 West Park Avenue, Charlotte, NC 28233 (704) 342-4100 Columbus Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 584 (670) 1255 Prison Camp Road, P.O. Box 8, Brunswick, NC 28424 (910) 642-3285 Craggy Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 452 (590) 2992 Riverside Drive, Asheville, NC 28804 (828) 645-5315 Craven Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 542 (670) 600 Alligator Road, P.O. Box 839, Vanceboro, NC 28586 (252) 244-3337 Dan River Prison Work Farm Standard Operating Capacity: 500 (620) 981 Murray Road, Blanch, NC 27212 (336) 694-1583 Davidson Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 196 (258) 1400 Thomason Street, P.O. Drawer 1977, Lexington, NC 27293 (336) 249-7528 Eastern Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 429 (429) 2821 Hwy. 903 N., P.O. Box 215, Maury, NC 28554 (252) 747-8101 Foothills Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 808 (858) 5150 Western Ave., Morganton, NC 28655 (828) 438-5585 Forsyth Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 196 (248) 307 Craft Drive, Winston Salem, NC 27107 (336) 896-7041 Franklin Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 356 (452) 928 Elbridge Drive, Raleigh, NC 27603 (919) 496-6119 52 Division of Prison Facility Name Standard Operating Capacity (EOC) Phone # Gaston Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 200 (242) 520 Justice Court, Dallas, NC 28034 (704) 922-3861 Greene Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 516 (616) 2699 Highway 903, P.O. Box 39, Maury, NC 28554 (252) 747-3676 Harnett Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 816 (954) 1210 E. McNeill Street, P.O. Box 1569, Lillington, NC 27546 (910) 893-2751 Hoke Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 424 (502) 243 Old Highway 211, Raeford, NC 28376 (910) 944-7612 Hyde Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 648 (736) 620 Prison Road, P.O. Box 278, Swan Quarter, NC 27885 (252) 926-1810 Johnston Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 468 (612) 2465 U.S. 70 West, Smithfield, NC 27577 (919) 934-8386 Lanesboro Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 1,284 (1,400) 522 Prison Camp Road, P.O. Box 280, Polkton, NC 28135 (704) 695-1013 Lincoln Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 160 (202) 464 Roper Drive, Lincolnton, NC 28092 (704) 735-0485 Lumberton Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 624 (768) 75 Legend Road, P.O. Box 1649, Lumberton, NC 28359-1649 (910) 618-5574 Marion Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 706 (738) 355 Old Glenwood Road, P.O. Box 2405, Marion, NC 28752 (828) 659-7810 Maury Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 1,284 (1,400) 2568 Moore Rouse Rd., Hookerton, PO Box 506 Maury, NC 28554 (252) 747-1400 Morrison Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 646 (801) 1573 McDonald Church Road, P.O. Box 169 Hoffman, NC 28347 (910) 281-3161 Mountain View Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 552 (884) 545 Amity Park Road, Spruce Pine, NC 28777 (828) 766-2555 Nash Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 512 (512) 2869 Highway 64 Alt., P.O. Box 600, Nashville, NC 27856-0600 (252) 459-4455 NC Correctional Institution for Women Standard Operating Capacity: 1,220 (1,288) 1034 Bragg Street, 4287 MSC, Raleigh, NC 27699-4287 (919) 733-4340 Neuse Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 600 (788) 701 Stevens Mill Rd., P.O. Box 2087, Goldsboro, NC 27530 (919) 731-2023 New Hanover Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 300 (384) 330 Division Drive, P.O. Box 240, Wilmington, NC 28401 (910) 251-2666 Odom Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 352 (352) 485 Odom Prison Road, P.O. Box 36, Jackson, NC 27845 (252) 534-5611 Orange Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 162 (200) 2110 Clarence Walters Rd, PO Box 1149, Hillsborough, NC 27278 (919) 732-9301 Pamlico Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 552 (552) 601 N. Third Street, Bayboro, NC 28515 (252) 745-3074 Pasquotank Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 840 (896) 527 Commerce Drive, Elizabeth City, NC 27909 (252) 331-4881 Pender Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 612 (740) 906 Penderlea Road, P.O. Box 1058, Burgaw, NC 28425 (910) 259-8735 Piedmont Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 848 (952) 1245 Camp Road, Salisbury, NC 28147 (704) 639-7540 53 Division of Prison Facility Name Standard Operating Capacity (EOC) Phone # Polk Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 840 (904) 1001 Veazey Road, P.O. Box 2500, Butner, NC 27509-2500 (919) 575-3070 Randolph Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 176 (226) 2760 S. Fayetteville Street, P.O. Box 4128, Asheboro, NC 27204 (336) 625-2578 Rutherford Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 190 (236) 549 Ledbetter Road, Spindale, NC 28160 (828) 286-4121 Sampson Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 352 (452) 700 Northwest Blvd., P.O. Box 1109, Clinton, NC 28329 (910) 592-2151 Sanford Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 242 (298) 417 Advancement Center Rd, PO Box 2490, Sanford, NC 27330 (919) 776-4325 Scotland Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 1,478 (1,652) 22385 McGirts Bridge Rd., P.O. Box 1808, Laurinburg, NC 28353 (910) 844-3078 Southern Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 592 (624) 272 Glen Road, Troy, NC 27371 (910) 572-3784 Swannanoa Correctional Center for Women Standard Operating Capacity: 366 (366) 55 Lake Eden Road, P.O. Box 609, Black Mountain, NC 28711 (828) 259-6000 Tabor Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 1,090 (1,654) 4600 Swamp Fox Hwy W., P.O. Box 730, Tabor City, NC 28463 (910) 653-6413 Tyrrell Prison Work Farm Standard Operating Capacity: 500 (620) 620 Snell Road, P.O. Box 840, Columbia, NC 27925-0840 (252) 796-1085 Wake Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 354 (414) 1000 Rock Quarry Road, 4288 MSC, Raleigh, NC 27699-4288 (919) 733-7988 Warren Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 697 (809) 379 Collins Road, P.O. Box 399, Manson, NC 27553 (252) 456-3400 Wilkes Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 206 (262) 404 Statesville Road, North Wilkesboro, NC 28659 (336) 667-4533 54 Appendix C: Listing of Adult Judicial District Offices Table V.C1: Listing of Adult Judicial District Offices District Name Address Judicial District Manager Telephone Average Number Supervised District 01 1305 McPherson Street Elizabeth City, NC 27909 Lori Greene (252) 331-4828 1,738 District 02 1308 Highland Drive, Suite 102 Washington, NC 27889 Jami Stohlman (252) 946-5199 1,654 District 03 1904 D. South Glenburnie Road New Bern, NC 28562 Randall Parker (252) 514-4822 3,300 District 04 115 Front Street. Kenansville, NC 28349 Travis Joyner (910) 275-0366 1,595 District 05 721 Market St., Suite 102 Wilmington, NC 28401 Thurman Turner (910) 251-5757 3,867 District 06 803 North King Street Winton, NC 27986 Bill Mitchell (252) 358-7876 1,651 District 07 113 E. Nash St., 5th Floor Wilson, NC 27893 Paige Wade (252) 243-0063 5,991 District 08 301 S. Center Street Goldsboro, NC 27530 Cynthia Sutton (919) 731-7905 2,907 District 09 307 E. Nash Street Louisburg, NC 27549 Maggie Brewer (919) 496-0200 1,793 District 10 3020 Hammond Business Place Raleigh, NC 27603 Rita Dimoulas (919) 733-9313 6,199 District 11 869-B Berkshire Road Smithfield, NC 27577 Donald Jones (919) 934-9970 3,282 District 12 412 W. Russell Street Fayetteville, NC 28301 Jackie Beal (910) 486-1161 3,202 District 13 712 Village Road, SW, Suite 204 Shallotte, NC 28470 Mike Frazier (910) 755-3418 2,458 District 14 3325 Chapel Hill Blvd. Suite 100A Durham, NC 27707 Celeste Kelly (919) 560-5423 4,075 District 15 321 Prison Camp Road Graham, NC 27253 Jeffrey B. Allen (336) 570-7051 2,342 District 16 117 West 5th Street Lumberton, NC 28358 Debbie Brown (910) 618-5655 3,017 District 17 319 S. Main St. Mount Airy, NC 27030 David King (336) 786-4055 2,202 District 18 315 1-A Spring Garden Street Greensboro, NC 27401 Max Gerald (336) 334-4162 5,692 District 19A 77 Union Street, South Concord, NC 28025 Catherine Combs (704) 782-0824 4,215 District 19B 176 East Salisbury St., Suite 307 Asheboro, NC 27203 Scott F. Brewer (336) 626-9977 3,230 District 20 607 E. Broad Avenue, #A Rockingham, NC 28380 David Calloway (910) 997-9130 2,973 55 District Name Address Judicial District Manager Telephone Average Number Supervised District 21 102 West 3rd Street, Suite 520 Winston-Salem, NC 27101 Sherri A. Cook (336) 761-2424 4,059 District 22 672 Radio Drive, Suite E Lexington, NC 2
Object Description
Description
Title | Annual statistical report : summary statistics for the Division of Prisons & the Division of Adult Probation and Parole |
Date | 2014 |
Description | 2014-2015 |
Digital Characteristics-A | 705 KB; 55 p. |
Digital Format |
application/pdf |
Pres File Name-M | pubs_serial_annualstatisticalreport20142015.pdf |
Full Text | Fiscal Year 2014-2015 Annual Statistical Report North Carolina Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice Frank L. Perry, Secretary W. David Guice Nicole E. Sullivan Commissioner Director Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice Rehabilitative Programs and Servicesii Table of Contents Table of Contents.......................................................................................................................... ii List of Figures and Tables ............................................................................................................iv Overview of the North Carolina Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice...............6 Vision Statement ................................................................................................................ 6 Strategic Issues................................................................................................................... 6 Appropriations & Expenditures.......................................................................................... 6 Section of Rehabilitative Programs and Services ........................................................................7 Supporting Successful Decisions ....................................................................................... 7 I. Prisons.........................................................................................................................................8 Prisons Section Overview .................................................................................................. 8 Costs of Incarceration for the 2014-2015 Fiscal Year........................................................ 8 Prison Admission Trends ................................................................................................... 9 Type of Admissions............................................................................................................ 9 Crime Type of Prison Admissions ................................................................................... 10 Prison Population Trends ................................................................................................. 12 Prison Population by Sentencing Grids............................................................................ 12 Inmate Activities .............................................................................................................. 13 Work Assignments ........................................................................................................... 14 Programs Assignments ..................................................................................................... 15 Escapes and Captures ....................................................................................................... 16 Inmate Disciplinary Infractions........................................................................................ 16 Prison Release Trend........................................................................................................ 18 Type of Release................................................................................................................ 19 Time Served by Inmates Released in FY 2014-2015....................................................... 19 Prison Population Projections .......................................................................................... 20 II. Community Corrections .........................................................................................................22 Section of Community Corrections Overview................................................................. 22 Cost of Programs .............................................................................................................. 23 II.A. Probation.............................................................................................................................23 Probation Entry Trend...................................................................................................... 23 Crime Type of 2014-2015 Probation Entries ................................................................... 24 Probation Population by Sentencing Grids....................................................................... 24 Type of Probation Exits.................................................................................................... 25 II.B. Post-Release Supervision.....................................................................................................27 Post-Release Entry Trend................................................................................................. 27 Post-Release Population by Structured Sentencing Grids................................................ 27 Type of Post-Release Exits............................................................................................... 28 II.C. Parole...................................................................................................................................29 Parole Entry Trend ........................................................................................................... 29 iii Crime Type of Parole Population..................................................................................... 30 Type of Parole Exits ......................................................................................................... 30 II.D. Community Corrections Demographics............................................................................31 II.E. Sanctions for Supervised Offenders...................................................................................33 II.F. Supervised Offender Programs & Special Initiatives.......................................................33 Treatment for Effective Community Supervision (TECS)............................................... 36 II.G. Supervised Population Projections ....................................................................................37 III. Alcoholism & Chemical Dependency Programs .................................................................38 III.A. Community Residential Substance Abuse Treatment....................................................39 Enrollment in DART-Cherry............................................................................................ 39 Exits from DART-Cherry................................................................................................. 39 Enrollment in Black Mountain......................................................................................... 39 Exits from Black Mountain .............................................................................................. 40 III.B. Intermediate ACDP Programs..........................................................................................41 Enrollment in Intermediate Programs .............................................................................. 41 Exits from Intermediate Programs.................................................................................... 42 III.C. Long-Term Treatment Programs.....................................................................................43 Enrollment in Long-Term Programs ................................................................................ 43 Exits from Long-Term Programs ..................................................................................... 43 IV. Correction Enterprises ..........................................................................................................45 V. Appendices ...............................................................................................................................47 Appendix A: DAC Populations: Convicting County, FY 2013-2014 .......................................48 Appendix B. Listing of Prison Facilities ....................................................................................51 Appendix C: Listing of Adult Judicial District Offices............................................................54 iv List of Figures and Tables Table 1: Authorized Budget and Actual Expenditures by Fiscal Year........................................... 6 Table I.1: Daily Cost per Inmate for FY 2014-2015: State Prisons .............................................. 8 Figure I.1: Total Admissions by Crime Class, FY 2005-2015....................................................... 9 Figure I.2: Prison Admissions in FY 2014-2015.......................................................................... 10 Figure I.3: Crime Type of Prison Admissions in FY 2014-2015 ................................................. 10 Table I.2: Crime Type Prison Admissions by Felon/Misdemeanant Status................................. 11 Table I.3: Demographics of Prison Admissions: FY 2014-2015 ................................................. 11 Figure I.4: Prison Population by Crime Class, FY End 2006-2015 ............................................. 12 Table I.4: Misdemeanant Prison Population, FY End 2015......................................................... 13 Table I.5: Felony Prison Population, FY End 2015 ..................................................................... 13 Table I.6: Inmate Work Assignment by Work Category, FY 2014-2015 .................................... 14 Table I.7: Inmate Program Assignments, FY 2014-2015............................................................. 15 Table I.8: Inmate Disciplinary Infractions for FY 2014-2015 ..................................................... 17 Table I.9: Demographics of Prison Population on June 30, 2015 ................................................ 18 Figure I.5: Prison Releases, FY 2005-2014.................................................................................. 18 Figure I.6: Type of Prison Releases, FY 2014-2015 .................................................................... 19 Table I.10: Prison Population Projections, FY 2016-2025*.......................................................... 21 Figure II.1: Community Corrections Population on 06/30 by Supervision Type......................... 22 Table II.1: Cost of Programs for FY 2014-2015 .......................................................................... 23 Figure II.A.1: Probation Entries by Crime Class, FY 2006-2015 ................................................ 23 Figure II.A.2: Probation Entries by Crime Type, FY 2014-2015................................................. 24 Table II.A.1: Misdemeanor Sentencing Table for Probation Population on June 30, 2015......... 24 Table II.A.2: Felony Sentencing Table for Probation Population on June 30, 2015.................... 25 Figure II.A.3: Probation Exits, FY 2014-2015............................................................................. 26 Figure II.B.1: Post-Release Entries by Fiscal Year, 2005-2015................................................... 27 Table II.B.1: Sentencing Table for the Post-Release Population on June 30, 2015 ..................... 28 Figure II.B.2: Post-Release Exits, FY 2014-2015........................................................................ 29 Figure II.C.1: Parole Entries, FY 2006-2015 ............................................................................... 29 Figure II.C.2: Crime Type of Parole Population on June 30, 2015.............................................. 30 Figure II.C.3: Parole Exits, FY 2014-2015 ................................................................................... 31 Table II.D.1: Demographics of Community Corrections Admissions, FY 2014-2015................ 31 Table II.D.2: Demographics of Community Corrections Population, FY 2014-2015 ................. 32 Table II.E.1: Sanction Utilization, FY 2013-2014 ........................................................................ 33 Table II.F.1: Victim Notification Program Activity, FY 2014-2015 ........................................... 36 Figure II.F.1: Offenders Served in TECS by Risk Level .............................................................. 36 Table II.G.1: Probation/Parole Officer Caseload Projections, FY 2015-2016 – FY 2018-2019.. 37 Table III.A.1: Enrollment for DART Cherry, FY 2014-2015 ...................................................... 39 Table III.A.3: DART-Cherry Exits, FY 2014-2015 ...................................................................... 39 Table III.A.4: Enrollment for Black Mountain, FY 2014-2015 ................................................... 40 Table III.A.5: Black Mountain Exits, FY 2014-2015.................................................................... 40 Table III.A.6: Demographics of ACDP Community Residential Enrollees, FY 2014-2015 ....... 40 Table III.B.1: Enrollment in Intermediate ACDP Programs, FY 2014-2015............................... 41 Table III.B.2: Exits from Intermediate ACDP Programs, FY 2014-2015.................................... 42 Table III.B.3: Demographics of ACDP Intermediate Treatment Participants, FY 2014-2015 .... 42 Table III.C.1: Enrollment in Long-Term Treatment Programs, FY 2014-2015........................... 43 Table III.C.3: Exits from Long-Term Treatment Programs, FY 2014-2015................................ 43 Table III.C.2: Demographics of Long-Term Treatment Participants, FY 2014-2015.................. 44 Table IV.1: Average Daily Enrollment in NCCE, FY 2014-2015 ............................................... 45 Table V.A1: DAC Populations: Convicting County, FY 2014-2015............................................ 48 v Table V.B1: Listing of Prison Facilities........................................................................................ 51 Table V.C1: Listing of Adult Judicial District Offices ................................................................ 54 6 Overview of the North Carolina Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice The North Carolina Department of Public Safety was created in 2012 through the consolidation of the Department of Correction, the Department of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention and the Department of Crime Control and Public Safety. The Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice is one of six divisions within the Department of Public Safety. Adult Correction is responsible for the custody, supervision, and rehabilitation of adult offenders sentenced to community/intermediate punishment or prison. Adult Correction is responsible for the operation of Prisons, Community Corrections, Alcohol and Chemical Dependency Programs and Correctional Enterprises. In 1998, the Division developed a long-range strategic plan, which is based on the following vision statement and strategic issues: Vision Statement We, the employees of Adult Correction, envision an organization respected by the citizens of North Carolina for its effectiveness in responding to the problem of crime in our society and working collaboratively with others to prevent crime through community involvement. We see an organization providing public safety, opportunities for offenders to become productive citizens, and growth and development for employees. We see ourselves contributing to the creation of a society of law-abiding, responsible citizens. Strategic Issues • Lead proactively regarding corrections issues. • Develop and train employees for personal and professional growth. • Deliver effective services and programs using research and advanced technology. • Emphasize cost efficient management of resources and accountability for high quality results. Appropriations & Expenditures At the end of the 2014-2015 Fiscal Year, the Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice had 19,2811 permanent employees, primarily working directly with offenders in the community or in secure facilities. The division is funded through legislative appropriations and receipts (e.g., Correction Enterprises). The total authorized budget and actual expenditures for the Division over the past five fiscal years are shown in Table 1, below. Table 1: Authorized Budget and Actual Expenditures by Fiscal Year Fiscal Year Authorized Budget Actual Expenditures Percent Change in Actual Expenditures over Previous Year 2014-2015 $1,396,473,037 $1,369,196,669 1.17% 2013-2014 $1,389,799,158 $1,353,340,103 -0.62% 2012-2013 $1,423,972,223 $1,361,765,373 0.78% 2011-2012 $1,412,886,261 $1,335,725,318* -1.78% 2010-2011 $1,365,379,681 $1,359,887,583 1.59% *Excludes required transfers for Medicaid and other Departmental requirements 1 This number includes employees of the entire Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice. Source: N.C. Department of Public Safety, Human Resources Division. 7 Section of Rehabilitative Programs and Services Supporting Successful Decisions The Section of Rehabilitative Programs and Services provides assistance to other sections within the Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice and other Divisions of the Department of Public Safety. Staff have expertise in research methods, human subjects protection, statistics, program evaluation, and policy analysis. The Research and Decision Support unit of the Section coordinates a variety of internal and external evaluation projects. Research assists staff to evaluate effectiveness, modify policies and programs, develop policies, and report outcomes to policy makers. Unit activities include the following: • Obtain and organize topical information on research topics. • Prepare statistical and topical reports. • Conduct evaluations. • Provide data and methodology review for evaluations. • Review and approve human subjects research involving staff and individuals under the supervision of the Department of Public Safety. • Provide answers to statistical questions about correctional populations. • Develop computer programs to extract and report aggregate data. • Analyze and interpret statistical information. • Provide internet-based decision support tools. • Prepare population forecasts and utilize simulation models. • Develop a structure and process for planning. • Organize and facilitate meetings of work groups engaged in planning and policy analysis. • Consult on methods to develop, implement, and monitor plans and policies. 8 I. Prisons Prisons Section Overview The Section of Prisons is responsible for the custody, supervision, and rehabilitation of inmates. As of June 30, 2015 there were 59 state prisons in North Carolina; there is one additional contractual prison and 2 Confinement in Response to Violation Centers (CRV). In order to protect the community, staff, and inmates, the Prisons Section classifies prisons, inmates, and prison beds according to prison security designation, inmate custody classification, and bed security levels, respectively. The Section Chief of Prisons assigns the security designation of the prison based on the physical boundaries and structure of the prison, the type of cells in the prison (e.g. single cells, dormitories), and the intensity and type of staff supervision (e.g. armed perimeter vs. unarmed perimeter). As of June 30, 2015 there were 14 close, 20 medium, and 22 minimum security state prisons, and one minimum security contracted facility; the CRVs are both minimum security sites. The Section receives primarily felons however, some misdemeanants who cannot be housed within the Statewide Misdemeanant Confinement Program may be sent to a state prison. Sentences range from a minimum of 180 days for certain low-level felony or misdemeanor offenses to life imprisonment for crimes such as rape or death for murder. Prison staff classifies the individual inmate’s custody by analyzing factors such as current crime, length of sentence, past criminal history, and past prison behavior record. At the end of FY 2014-2015, 52% of inmates in the prison population were assigned to medium custody, 31% to minimum, and 17% to close custody. The Section provides rehabilitative activities for inmates. These activities include jobs, educational programs, vocational programs, cognitive behavioral interventions, substance abuse interventions, mental health interventions, and religious services. Costs of Incarceration for the 2014-2015 Fiscal Year The Section calculates the average cost of incarcerating minimum, medium, and close custody inmates annually. The figures include the direct costs of inmate supervision/custody and programs/activities, and indirect administrative costs for Section support of prisons. The daily cost of incarcerating one inmate ranged from $72.64 in minimum custody to $94.72 in close custody, with an average of $82.26 in FY 2014-2015 compared to an average of $79.89 in FY 2013-2014. Table I.1: Daily Cost per Inmate for FY 2014-2015: State Prisons Inmate Custody Level Average Daily Population Daily Cost Per Inmate Minimum 12,329 $72.64 Medium 18,460 $82.51 Close 7,109 $94.72 Average 37,903 $82.26 9 Prison Admission Trends During FY 2014-2015, there were 23,367 admissions to North Carolina prisons. Admissions to prisons further increased nearly 3% during FY 2014-2015, after an increase of nearly 6% during FY 2013-2014. The increase in admissions is largely attributed to growth in felony admissions (7%). Misdemeanor admissions indicated a steep fall (23%) as the impact of the Statewide Misdemeanant Confinement Program’s creation, which as of January 1, 2015 requires all misdemeanants to serve sentences in local jails, began to level. Misdemeanants comprised only 11% of prison admissions during FY 2014-2015, down from a high of 34% during FY 2009-2010. Figure I.1: Total Admissions by Crime Class, FY 2005-2015 Fiscal Year 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012 2012-2013 2013-2014 2014-2015 Total 27,257 27,936 28,535 30,350 28,164 28,975 24,036 21,538 22,759 23,367 Type of Admissions There are five types of admissions to prison: direct admissions, probation revocations, confinements in response to violation (CRV), parole/post-release supervision revocations, and safekeepers/pre-sentence diagnostic inmates. Direct admissions result from a court-imposed active sentence to prison. CRV entries are offenders under supervision in the community who have committed a technical violation for which the court has imposed a 90-day term to be served in prison before returning the offender to supervision in the community. Revocations of probation and post-release are the activation of offenders’ sentences due to new criminal activity, absconding, or after serving multiple periods of confinement due to technical violations (CRV terms). Safekeepers are defendants who have not been sentenced, but are admitted to prison when detention in the local jail poses a danger to the inmate or when medical care is needed. Pre-sentence diagnostic admissions (PSD) are inmates who have been convicted, but the judge requests an assessment before sentencing. 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 09-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 Admissions Fiscal Year Total Entries Felon Misdemeanant10 Direct admissions made up 42% of total prison admissions in FY 2014-2015 while 43% were probation revocations2 or parole/post-release revocations. CRVs accounted for 11% of total admissions. Safekeepers and pre-sentence diagnostic admissions accounted for 4% of admissions. Figure I.2: Prison Admissions in FY 2014-2015 Crime Type of Prison Admissions Overall, 89% of the FY 2014-2015 prison admissions were for felony crime convictions. Crimes resulting in a prison sentence are grouped in one of three categories: public order, property, and crimes against a person. Figure I.3: Crime Type of Prison Admissions in FY 2014-2015 2 Note that 43% of prison admissions due to revocation is not the same as the probation revocation rate. These prison admissions comprise a subset of offenders who had a confinement for technical violations or probation revocation for new crimes or absconding. It is computed as a percentage of offenders entering prison, whereas the probation revocation rate is the percentage of offenders who exited community supervision. 9,864 (42%) 7,898 (34%) 2,088 (9%) 2,619 (11%) 898 (4%) 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 Direct Probation Revcoation Post-Release Revocation CRV Safekeep/PSD Admissions Admission Type 4,865 (22%) 8,107 (36%) 9,397 (42%) 100 (<1%) 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 Crimes Against a Person Property Crimes Public Order Crimes Not Reported Admissions Crime Type 11 The most frequent crime type for prison admissions was public order and accounted for 42% of all admissions. This crime type included drug offenses, trafficking and non-trafficking (4,796), driving while impaired (2,179), weapons offenses (888), traffic violations (332), and habitual felon (946). Among public order crime admissions, 78% were felons. Property crimes accounted for 36% of all prison admissions. The most frequent offenses in this category were breaking/entering (2,978) and larceny (2,451). Other frequent offenses included fraud (1,477), burglary (329), forgery (166), burnings (101), and auto theft (212). There were 4,865 admissions for crimes against a person, which accounted for 22% of all prison admissions. Approximately one third (30%) of these crimes were assaults. Also included in this category were robbery (1,456), sexual offenses (581), and homicides (470). As with property and public order crimes, the majority (96%) of crimes against a person were felony admissions. Table I.2: Crime Type Prison Admissions by Felon/Misdemeanant Status Crime Type Felon Misdemeanant Undefined Total* (%) Crimes Against a Person 4,670 195 0 4,865 22% Property Crimes 7,942 165 0 8,107 36% Public Order Crimes 7,355 2,042 0 9,397 42% Not Reported 3 0 97 100 <1% Total 19,970 2,402 97 22,469 Percent 89% 11% <1% *Does not include 898 safekeeper admissions. Table I.3: Demographics of Prison Admissions: FY 2014-2015 Age Category Female Male White Black Other White Black Other Total 13-18 10 10 3 106 405 56 590 (3%) 19-21 94 59 19 589 1,348 175 2,284 (10%) 22-25 259 146 22 1,315 2,210 251 4,203 (18%) 26-30 478 142 27 1,752 1,933 233 4,565 (20%) 31-35 374 127 20 1,433 1,361 199 3,514 (15%) 36-40 293 83 12 986 1,065 137 2,576 (11%) 41-45 196 67 12 790 856 118 2,039 (9%) 46-50 115 71 8 578 681 65 1,518 (6%) 51-55 96 35 7 447 567 46 1,198 (5%) 56-60 27 18 1 205 281 17 549 (2%) 61-65 12 7 0 86 111 6 222 (1%) 66-70 9 2 0 36 29 3 79 (<1%) 71+ 0 0 0 20 7 3 30 (<1%) Total 1,963 767 131 8,343 10,854 1309 23,367 (%) (8%) (3%) (1%) (36%) (46%) (6%) 12 Prison Population Trends After steady growth through the first decade of the 21st century, the prison population declined significantly over FY 2011-2012 and FY2012-2013, but rose slightly FY 2013-2014 and FY2014-2015. On June 30 2015, there were 37,794 offenders in the prison system, representing a slight (<1%) increase from the previous fiscal year end. The majority (52%) of the prison population was housed in medium custody; 17% were in close custody, and 31% were housed in minimum custody. There were 196 safekeepers in the prison population on June 30, 2015. Figure I.4: Prison Population by Crime Class, FY End 2006-2015 06/30/Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Population 37,467 38,423 39,326 40,824 40,102 41,030 38,385 37,469 37,665 37,794 Prison Population by Sentencing Grids Although nearly 11% of prison admissions in FY 2014-2015 were misdemeanants, this group comprised only 2% of the population on June 30, 2015. Of those misdemeanant inmates in the prison population at the end of the fiscal year, 89% were incarcerated for violations of the Safe Roads Act (DWI) followed by assault (7%) and larceny (2%). The remaining 2% included all other structured sentencing convictions for the misdemeanor population on June 30 2015. The profile of the felon inmate population was very different from the profile of felon admissions to prison. Class A-E offenses represented less than a quarter (21%) of prison admissions during FY 2014-2015 but accounted for 64% of the prison population on June 30, 2015. This trend is consistent with FY2013-2014 where Class A-E offenses represented 22% of prison admissions but accounted for 65% of the prison population on June 30, 2015. These felons with long sentences remain in the population over an extended period of time and generally account for the projected growth in the 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000 45,000 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Population Fiscal Year Ending Total Felon Misdemeanant13 prison population in coming years. For example, consider the difference between the number of offenders with Class A convictions in the population and admissions of Class A offenders in one year. There were 57 Class A prison admissions last fiscal year, while on June 30, 2015 there were 1,942 in the population. The sentence for these offenders is either life in prison or death. Table I.4: Misdemeanant Prison Population, FY End 2015 Prior Record Level Crime Class I II III Undefined or Non-Structured Total (%) A1 0 5 49 0 54 (6%) 1 0 3 25 0 28 (3%) 2 0 0 0 1 1 (<1%) 3 0 0 0 0 0 (<1%) DWI 10 0 0 707 717 (85%) 9C* 0 2 11 27 40 (5%) Other/Undefined 0 0 0 2 2 (<1%) Total 10 10 85 737 842 (%) (1%) (1%) (10%) (88%) Table I.5: Felony Prison Population, FY End 2015 Prior Record Level Crime Class I II III IV V VI Undefined or Non-Structured Total (%) A 1072 143 110 67 10 12 528 1,942 (5%) B1 969 677 324 225 51 40 0 2,286 (6%) B2 1133 1204 671 457 93 65 0 3,623 (10%) C 815 1009 1270 2040 921 946 608 7,609 (21%) D 1174 1222 1061 914 331 335 177 5,214 (14%) E 569 624 590 624 242 266 2 2917 (8%) F 913 683 576 557 208 220 25 3182 (9%) G 420 565 630 619 223 232 3 2692 (7%) H 372 1046 1007 1119 594 813 21 4972 (14%) I 78 187 130 180 83 151 2 811 (2%) 9C* 143 188 86 41 7 5 0 470 (1%) Other 21 1 0 0 0 3 1013 1038 (3%) Total (%) 7,679 7,549 6,455 6,843 2,763 3,088 2,379 36,756 100% (21%) (21%) (18%) (19%) 8%) (8%) (6%) (100%) Note: The totals from tables I.4 and I.5 do not include offenders committed as safekeepers (196 on 06/30/2015). *Confinement in Response to Violation (CRV) Punishment Inmate Activities Prisons coordinate a wide range of inmate work, educational, and rehabilitative programs. Inmates are required to either work full-time or participate in a full-time program. Only inmates who pose a security risk, have health problems, or are in the admissions process are exempt from the policy.14 Work Assignments In each prison facility, inmates are assigned a variety of jobs. Inmates are paid an incentive wage, which is set by statute for the majority of these duties. Currently the incentive wage ranges from $.40 to $1.00 per day depending on the work assignment. Most inmates who work (84%) do so inside prison facilities. Table I.6: Inmate Work Assignment by Work Category, FY 2014-2015 Inmate Work Assignments Average Daily Assigned During 2014-2015 In Prison Facilities Unit Services 6,410 Food Service 3,163 Correction Enterprises 2,065 Prison Maintenance 1,791 Construction 369 Other Jobs 1,545 Outside Prison Facilities Road Squads 1,381 State and Local Government 645 Work Release 928 Total 18,297 Unit Services- The largest assignment in prison facilities is Unit Services. Prison inmates in these jobs perform janitorial and general maintenance duties. This assignment provides a relevant job skill and is beneficial to the prison system because it reduces the cost of operating the facilities. Food Service- Inmates work in the kitchens of all prison facilities preparing and serving food to other inmates. This assignment provides a relevant job skill and is beneficial to the prison system because it reduces the cost of operating the facilities. Correction Enterprises- Correction Enterprises is a separate section of the Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice, which administers industries at prison sites. Enterprise jobs provide opportunities to put close and medium custody inmates to work inside prisons. Inmates are employed making car license tags, street and highway signs, farming, food processing, printing, sewing, laundering and manufacturing. These jobs teach workers job skills and a work ethic which will enable them to find employment upon release from prison. These jobs pay up to $3 per day based on skills required for the job. Prison Maintenance- Prison inmates are also involved in grounds keeping, light construction, repair and maintenance projects at prisons. These jobs include roofing, plumbing, electrical wiring and other unit improvements. These assignments provide relevant job skills and are beneficial to the prison system because they reduce the cost of operating the facilities Construction- In addition to cleaning and maintaining prisons, some inmates are assigned to new prison construction projects. Inmates are generally chosen based on pre-existing skills in the construction industry. Like the other categories of work assignments, this experience gives inmates valuable work experience prior to release and helps to reduce the cost of new prison construction.15 Road Squads- Minimum and medium custody inmates work on the state's roads, patching potholes, clearing right-of-ways and picking up litter. Medium custody inmates work under the supervision of armed correctional officers. Minimum custody inmates work under the direction of N.C. Department of Transportation employees. State and Local Government Agencies- State and local government agencies have labor contracts for inmates to work for these agencies, often involving janitorial services and grounds keeping. Work Release- Inmates who have proven themselves trustworthy for limited release from custody are allowed to leave the prison unit for jobs. These inmates are nearing their release date and work for businesses in the community. North Carolina started the first work release program in the country in 1957. Inmates on work release receive prevailing market wages from their employers, but must pay a room-and-board fee to the prison unit. For FY 2014-2015 inmates paid the Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justice $4,222,635 in per diem and $1,536,683 for transportation and job-related expenses. They also paid child support and restitution totaling $1,226,347. During this period inmates paid an additional $1,560,265 for personal expenses, spousal support and other family expenses. Programs Assignments Inmates are recommended for participation in programs based on interests, abilities, needs and whether the time remaining on their sentence allows completion of the program. At large institutions, academic and vocational education programs are offered to inmates on a full-time basis. These programs are offered on a part-time basis at other institutions. Table I.7: Inmate Program Assignments, FY 2014-2015 Average Daily Assignment for FY 2014-2015 Full Time Part Time Academic Education 1,624 1,553 Vocational Education 1,644 528 Life Skills Programs 241 2,635 Academic Programs- The mission of the North Carolina Department of Public Safety’s (NCDPS) educational services section is to support the provision of educational instruction to offenders who participate in educational and vocational programs by equipping them with knowledge and skills that will assist in preparing them for successful community transition and employment development upon release. NCDPS partners with the North Carolina Community College System and other colleges and universities to provide a full range of academic and vocational programs. The North Carolina Community College System offers NCDPS offenders an opportunity to earn various Associate of Applied Science degree programs. In addition, the NCDPS has contracted with the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, East Carolina University, and Guilford College in providing eligible offenders with select college courses. These courses are provided at the correctional facility or through correspondence. Each prison facility, and its community college partner, offers a variety of educational and vocational opportunities that range from basic education to the earning of a college degree. Adult Basic Education (ABE) is the primary academic program for offenders. ABE provides adult and youthful offenders with the basic knowledge and skills necessary to become literate. In FY 2014-16 2015, 1,861 inmates passed tests of a High School Equivalent Education, 630 earned AAS Degrees, and 293 received community college vocational diplomas. Vocational Programs- A wide variety of vocational programs such as computer literacy, food service training, electrical engineering technology, brick masonry and job readiness are provided through local community colleges. Participation in these programs can help inmates obtain work with Correction Enterprises or a work release assignment. There were 1,217 Vocational Certificates awarded in the last fiscal year. Life Skills Programs- Life skills programs include several types of programs such as parenting skills and Cognitive Behavioral Intervention (CBI). CBI programs teach offenders new ways of thinking that can lead to changes in their behavior and actions, and ultimately affect their criminal conduct. CBI programs use a combination of approaches to increase an offender’s awareness of self and others. This awareness is coupled with the teaching of social skills to assist the offender with interpersonal problems. These specific types of intervention programs assist offenders in “restructuring” their thought process and teaches “cognitive skills” to assist in basic decision-making and problem-solving. These programs are led by prisons or community college staff that have been trained by the division. Escapes and Captures The primary goal of the Prisons Section is to protect the community. While some inmates escape from prison each year, nearly all are apprehended. Minimum custody inmates are often on work release and participate in other activities in the community. Many escapes are the result of the minimum custody inmate not returning to the prison on time from his/her job, so a capture is recorded the same day. Eight of the ten inmates who escaped during the 2014-2015 fiscal year were captured by July 1, 2015. Inmate Disciplinary Infractions Inmate conformity to prison rules is necessary for the orderly, safe and secure operation of correctional facilities. Effective, fair and consistent disciplinary procedures enhance the orderly operation of the facilities and reinforce appropriate behavior and responsibility. The disciplinary offenses were reclassified in November 2000 from five classes to four and all substance possession offenses (e.g., alcohol or drugs) are now Class A. The most serious offenses remain in Class A while Class D offenses are the least serious infractions. An inmate can be charged with an attempt to commit an offense. If so, that attempt is in the same class as the infraction itself. In FY 2014-2015 there were 61,597 infractions (see Table I.8), which is a 1.3% increase from the number recorded during FY 2013-2014. Approximately 12% (7,480) were Class A infractions, of which 23% were for substance possession. The next most frequent Class A offense was Involvement with Gang or Security Threat Group (STG), with 20% in FY 2014-2015. There were 18,598 Class B infractions including: sexual act, damaging property, weapon possession, interfering with staff and lock tampering. The majority of the infractions in FY 2014-2015 were for Class C offenses, accounting for 48% (29,837) of the total infractions for the year. Out of these, 12,390 (42%) were for disobeying an order. Other Class C infractions include profane language, fighting, unauthorized leave, bartering, threatening staff, and theft of property. Possession of unauthorized items (including clothing and money), being in an unauthorized location, and gambling are some of the infractions that make up the Class D infractions.17 Table I.8: Inmate Disciplinary Infractions for FY 2014-2015 Class Infraction Count A Substance Possession 1,721 Assault Staff (with Weapon, Throwing Liquids or Sexual Intent) 850 Refuse to Submit to a Drug/Breath Test 279 Assault Person with Weapon 714 Involvement with Gang or STG 1,513 Fight Involving Weapons 392 Other Inmate Assault 92 Attempt Class A Offense 694 Other 1,225 Class A Total 7,480 B Sexual Act 2,814 Damage State/Another’s Property 746 Lock Tampering 1,850 Weapon Possession 951 High Risk Act 1,753 Interfere with Staff 551 Threaten to Harm/Injure Staff 1,720 Other 8,213 Class B Total 18,598 C Disobey Order 12,390 Profane Language 6,126 Unauthorized Leave 2,347 Fighting 2,790 Create Offensive Condition 270 Barter/Trade or Loan Money 616 Misuse or Unauthorized Use of Phone/Mail 1,445 Theft of Property 2,031 Unauthorized Funds 311 Other 1,511 Class C Total 29,837 D Unauthorized Items (No threat contraband) 1,912 Unauthorized Location 2,814 Gambling 204 Illegal Clothing 319 Other 433 Class D Total 5,682 Total Infractions 61,597 Presumptive punishments are established for each infraction such as: confinement in restrictive housing for up to 60 days, demotion in custody, revocation of reduction credits and suspension of privileges, including radio access, organized sports, visitation, or other leisure time activities. Additionally, to offset the costs of staff time, there is an administrative fee of ten dollars paid by inmates found guilty of committing an infraction.18 Table I.9: Demographics of Prison Population on June 30, 2015 Age Female Male Category White Black Other White Black Other Total 13-18 2 6 1 39 161 31 240 (1%) 19-21 46 41 14 361 971 156 1,589 (4%) 22-25 158 120 15 1155 2478 340 4,266 (11%) 26-30 320 123 21 1889 3064 461 5,878 (16%) 31-35 346 133 24 1997 2808 545 5,853 (15%) 36-40 283 120 23 1680 2608 467 5,181 (14%) 41-45 209 100 8 1608 2269 302 4,496 (12%) 46-50 193 101 12 1372 1929 215 3,822 (10%) 51-55 106 64 12 1181 1579 147 3,089 (8%) 56-60 61 29 3 728 878 90 1,789 (5%) 61-65 26 16 1 404 418 32 897 (2%) 66-70 14 2 0 234 169 17 436 (1%) 71+ 9 0 1 164 77 7 258 (1%) Total 1,773 855 135 12,812 19,409 2,810 37,794 (%) (5%) (2%) (0%) (34%) (51%) (7%) Prison Release Trend Releases from prison are affected by sentencing policies and the stock population. As the stock population has continued to fall, the number of releases has fallen accordingly. However, during FY 2014-2015, there were 20,138 releases from prisons, a 3% increase in releases from the previous year. Figure I.5: Prison Releases, FY 2005-2014 Fiscal Year 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012 2012-2013 2013-2014 2014-2015 Release 26,457 26,986 27,637 28,860 28,889 28,048 26,685 22,455 19,495 20,138 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Releases Fiscal Year Ending 19 Type of Release Inmates are usually released from prison due to the expiration of their sentence, released on post-release (under structured sentencing) or on parole (sentences prior to Structured Sentencing or violations of the Safe Roads Act). The Justice Reinvestment Act extended post-release supervision to all felony offenses committed on or after December 1, 2011. Inmates incarcerated for Class B1-E offenses committed on or after December 1, 2011 have a mandatory twelve months of supervision upon release. Inmates incarcerated for Class F-I offenses committed before December 1, 2011 have a mandatory nine months of supervision upon release. As a result, the majority (59%) of releases from prison in FY 2014-2015 are now assigned to a period of supervised post-release. Conversely, as the population of non-JRA sentenced inmates continues to shrink, a smaller percentage of inmates will exit with expired sentences. The percentage of inmates exiting due to expiration of their sentence further fell from 45% in FY 2013-2014 to 32% during FY 2014-2015. Releases due to parole have decreased steadily since only non-structured sentence and Safe Roads Act inmates are eligible for parole. In FY 1998-1999, 21% of prison exits were to parole, whereas, during FY 2014-2015 only 4% of prison exits were to parole. The proportion of the prison population sentenced prior to Structured Sentencing has continued to decrease, so parole exits will diminish over time. Safekeeper and Pre-sentenced diagnostic (PSD) releases are un-sentenced inmates who are held temporarily in prison. Most prison exits in the category labeled “Other” were court ordered releases, but also included the death of the inmate, Interstate Compact and execution. There were no executions in FY 2014-2015. Figure I.6: Type of Prison Releases, FY 2014-2015 Time Served by Inmates Released in FY 2014-2015 North Carolina enacted numerous sentencing laws that govern when and how inmates are released from prison. In 1994, North Carolina enacted Structured Sentencing guidelines. The purpose of Structured Sentencing is to reserve prison for the most serious and chronic offender, and to incarcerate those offenders for longer periods of time. Less serious and less chronic offenders receive punishments in the community, or shorter prison sentences. Structured 6,375 11,861 729 907 266 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 Expiration of Sentence Post-Release Parole Safekeeper/PSD Other Releases Exit Type 20 Sentencing abolished discretionary parole release and authorized judges to set a minimum and maximum sentence for felons and a flat sentence for misdemeanants, based on the severity of the crime of conviction and the prior record level of the offender. Felony Structured Sentencing inmates must serve the entire minimum sentence and may serve the maximum sentence, an additional 20% above the minimum sentence. For example, an inmate must serve five years and may serve up to six years unless he/she earns credits off the maximum sentence for good behavior, working and participating in programs. Therefore, all felony inmates sentenced under Structured Sentencing will serve at least 100% of their minimum sentence. In FY 2014-2015 there were 14,381 Structured Sentencing felons released from prison. Inmates can earn three, six, or nine days per month off their sentence for good behavior, working and participating in programs. On average, these inmates served 29.82 months in prison, averaging 109% of their minimum sentence. Judges order misdemeanants to serve a specific sentence and they can earn 4 days per month off their sentence for good behavior, working and participating in programs. For example, a misdemeanor inmate who has a sentence of four months must serve 3.5 months and may serve up to four months. During this period there were 485 Structured Sentencing misdemeanants released, having served an average of 6.58 months, 96% of their maximum sentence. Prior to Structured Sentencing, inmates were sentenced under several different sentencing laws which allowed the Parole Commission to release inmates early from prison to parole. The major determinants of when inmates were released from prison under these parole-eligibility laws depended on the good time and gain time credits the inmate earned. Prior to Structured Sentencing, as soon as the inmate entered prison, he/she was awarded good time credits which reduced the sentence by 50%, and he/she could also earn additional gain time credits off of the sentence for positive behaviors. In FY 2014-2015, there were 75 non-Structured Sentencing felons released from prison for the first time. Those who were paroled and then returned to prison were excluded from these calculations. Since these inmates represented some very serious offenses, they served an average of 258.71 months before release. These inmates served, on average, 53% of their court-imposed sentences, due to good time, gain time and parole eligibility rules. During this period, 1,770 non-Structured Sentencing misdemeanants were released from prison; the majority of those were serving time for Driving While Impaired (DWI) convictions that fall under the Safe Roads Act. These inmates served, on average, 6.74 months or 54% of their court-imposed sentence due to good time, gain time and parole eligibility rules. Prison Population Projections Prison population projections are made on an annual basis in conjunction with the North Carolina Sentencing and Policy Advisory Commission (SPAC). The population projections were completed in two parts. The SPAC prepared prison population projections for all offenders sentenced on or after July 1, 2015 (new entries). The Division prepared projections for all offenders in prison as of June 30, 2015 (resident prison population). The final combined projections take into account the decline of the resident prison population (structured sentencing releases, parole releases and “max-outs”) and the buildup of the new inmates (new sentences, probation revocations, parole revocations and post-release supervision revocations). Added to these figures is the estimated number of safekeepers and misdemeanor offenders held in the state prison system. 21 Table I.10: Prison Population Projections, FY 2016-2025* Prison Population as of June 30 Prison Capacity3 Fiscal Year Previous Projection Current Projection Expanded Operating Capacity Difference between Current Projection and Capacity4 2015/16 37,360 37,095 38,373 1,278 2016/17 37,522 37,304 38,373 1,069 2017/18 37,348 37,601 38,373 772 2018/19 37,462 37,367 38,373 1,006 2019/20 37,610 37,385 38,373 988 2020/21 37,829 37,642 38,373 731 2021/22 38,139 37,927 38,373 446 2022/23 38,581 38,395 38,373 -22 2023/24 38,983 38,868 38,373 -495 2024/25 39,224 38,373 -851 *Prepared February 2016 by the Sentencing and Policy Advisory Commission in conjunction with the Division of Adult Correction and Juvenile Justices’ Section of Rehabilitative Programs & Services. The projections provide estimates of the prison population over the next ten years based on empirical data from FY 2015. With the various effective dates relating to the JRA provisions (e.g., offenses on or after December 1, 2011; probation violations on or after December 1, 2011), the parameters empirically derived from the data and used in the projections are based on a mixture of pre-JRA and JRA provisions. It is also important to recognize that these data reflect evolving JRA practices during the early stages of implementation and, as a result, are not necessarily representative of future practices. The annual adjustment to the ten‐year projections, using updated empirical information, will reflect the shift in JRA cases and criminal justice practices, ultimately enhancing the accuracy of the projections. The current projection indicates a decrease in the prison population compared to last year’s projection. While fluctuations in the projections are expected as changes in criminal justice practices continue with the implementation of the JRA, the primary explanation for the decrease is the most recent legislative change to the commitment location for certain misdemeanants. With this change, all misdemeanants (including those sentenced for impaired driving) are required to serve their active sentences in local jails instead of the state prison system. 3Expanded Operating Capacity (EOC) is the number of inmates housed in dormitories that operate at varying percentages (not to exceed 130%) beyond their Standard Operating Capacity, plus the number of single cells with one inmate per cell, plus the number of single cells that house two inmates per cell. Standard Operating Capacity (SOC) is the number of single cells with one inmate per cell plus the number of inmates who can be housed in dormitories by dividing the gross square feet of each dormitory by 50 square feet and rounding to the closest double bunk configuration. SOC is projected to be 33,284 for each year of the ten ‐year projection. Capacity estimates are based on projects funded or authorized. The EOC and SOC capacity estimates include decreases at Central Prison (32) and Fountain CCW(10) due to conversion of control beds to segregation beds; an addition of 32 beds at North Carolina CIW (6 mental health beds and 26 safekeeper beds) and a reduction of 2 beds (wet cells); a decrease at Eastern CI (48) due to the conversion of ICON beds to segregation beds; increases as a result of expansions at Maury CI (504), Bertie CI (504), Tabor CI (252),and Lanesboro CI (252); decreases as a result of the closure of Fountain CCW (374 SOC, 510 EOC) and North Piedmont CCW (104 SOC, 136 EOC); and increases as a result of re-opening Burke (200 SOC, 248 EOC) and Robeson (152 SOC, 192 EOC) as Confinement in Response to Violation (CRV) Centers. 4Positive numbers indicate that the current projected population is lower than capacity, while negative numbers indicate that the current projected population is higher than capacity22 II. Community Corrections Section of Community Corrections Overview Community Corrections provides supervision of offenders sentenced to probation or released from prisons on parole or post-release supervision. Probation and parole officers supervise offenders in the community by enforcing compliance with the conditions of probation, parole or post-release supervision and monitoring offender behavior. As of June 30, 2015, there were 100,868 offenders under the supervision of the Section of Community Corrections. Figure II.1: Community Corrections Population on 06/30 by Supervision Type Offenders on probation, parole or post-release are supervised based on the conditions imposed, their behavior, assessed risk of re-arrest and assessed needs. Probation and parole officers supervise low risk/low need cases with traditional probation strategies, primarily in an office setting. Offenders assessed at higher risk/needs levels have more rigorous contact requirements in their home and work environments following an individualized case plan. An offender who violates their conditions of supervision may subsequently receive additional sanctions from the court or Parole and Post Release Commission, or other supervision requirements mandated by the officer through delegated authority, such as requiring increased Community Service hours or drug screening or time in CRV. Officers are also responsible for supervising special populations such as sex offenders and domestic violence offenders. Officers refer offenders to rehabilitative services and work with other agencies to encourage participation in programs such as substance abuse treatment, mental health treatment, educational and vocational training. Additionally, officers are responsible for a wealth of administrative work associated with serving the courts, such as pre-sentence investigations and processing new cases. DWI, parole, non-North Carolina, non-judgment and deferred prosecution cases are not included in the intermediate and community populations, but are supervised by probation and parole officers according to orders of the court, Interstate Compact Agreement and/or the Parole and Post Release Commission. 0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 FY0304 FY0405 FY0506 FY0607 FY0708 FY0809 FY0910 FY1011 FY1112 FY1213 FY1314 Total Probation Post-Release Parole23 Cost of Programs The Section calculates an average cost of programs annually. The figures include the direct costs of supervision and indirect administrative costs. The average daily cost of supervising one offender ranges between approximately $4 to $5, with $4.47 for Electronic House Arrest/GPS Monitoring of sex offenders and $4.60 for Offender Supervision. Table II.1: Cost of Programs for FY 2014-2015 Section of Community Corrections Programs Daily Cost Per Offender Offender Supervision $4.60 Community Based Supervision $1.25 Drug Screening (hand held on-site/per specimen) $0.73 Electronic House Arrest/ Sex Offenders (GPS) $4.47 II.A. Probation Probation Entry Trend During FY 2014-2015, there were 54,247 new offender entries to probation, a 3% decrease from the past year’s entries. For more than 10 years, the proportion of felons and misdemeanants in probation entries remained consistent at about 28% felons and 71% misdemeanants. In FY 2013-2014, there was a slight shift to 31% felons and 69% misdemeanants. This trend of a greater proportion of felons in probation entries continued during FY 2014-2015, with felons representing 34% of the probation entries. Figure II.A.1: Probation Entries by Crime Class, FY 2006-2015 0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 09-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 Admissions Fiscal Year Total Felons Misdemeanors Fiscal Year 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012 2012-2013 2013-2014 2014-2015 Total 63,208 66,024 68,595 67,884 65,917 63,880 60,440 59,588 56,071 54,247 24 Crime Type of 2014-2015 Probation Entries The crimes of offenders entering probation supervision are grouped into one of three categories: public order, property and crimes against a person. The most frequent crime type for probation entries was public order crimes, accounting for 53% of all entries to probation during FY 2014-2015. The predominant public order crimes contributing to probation entries this fiscal year were non-trafficking drug offenses (45%), driving while impaired (32%), other traffic violations (11%) and weapons offenses (4%). Property crimes accounted for 31% of all entries to probation. The most frequent offense in this category was larceny (51%), followed by breaking and entering (16%) and fraud (16%). Other property offenses constituted 7% of crimes committed under this category, followed by forgery (4%). There were 7,777 entries to probation for crimes against a person, contributing 14% of all entries to probation for FY 2014-2015. The majority of these crimes were assaults (74%). This category also includes other offense against person (8%), robbery (8%) and sexual offenses (7%). Figure II.A.2: Probation Entries by Crime Type, FY 2014-2015 Probation Population by Sentencing Grids The Structured Sentencing Act prescribes punishments in the community based on the seriousness of the crime and criminal history. The probation population on June 30, 2015 was 89,106. The majority (56%) of this population was misdemeanant offenders. Table II.A.1: Misdemeanor Sentencing Table for Probation Population on June 30, 2015 Prior Record Level Crime Class I II III Other Total (%) A1 1,353 2,053 1,853 0 5,259 (10%) 1 7,681 8,803 6,663 3 23,150 (46%) 2 1,361 1,812 959 0 4,132 (8%) 3 1,139 532 724 0 2,395 (5%) DWI 0 0 0 15,026 15,026 (30%) Undefined 0 0 0 165 165 (<1%) Total 11,534 13,200 10,199 15,194 50,127 % (23%) (26%) (21%) (30%) 7,777 16,871 28,964 635 Crimes Against a Person Property Crimes Public Order Crimes Not Reported Crimes Against a Person Property Crimes Public Order Crimes Not Reported25 Just under one-half (46%) of the misdemeanant probation population was convicted of Class 1 offenses. The most frequent crime categories in the Class 1 offenses were larceny (33%), non-trafficking drug offenses (25%), traffic violations (15%), breaking and entering (5%), and fraud (4%). Class 2 contributes 8% to misdemeanant probationers; with the primary offenses in this class being assaults (22%), other public order offenses (18%), and traffic violations (16%). Class A1 offenses contribute 10% to the misdemeanant population; the majority of which were assaults (86%). The remaining class, Class 3, consists largely of non-trafficking drug offenses (51%), traffic violations (22%), and larceny convictions (14%). The second largest group of misdemeanors under supervision was probationers with non-Structured Sentencing crimes, which comprised 30% of the population at the end of the fiscal year. These offenders were sentenced for Driving While Impaired under separate legislation, the Safe Roads Act of 1983. Other non-Structured Sentencing offenders included offenders supervised under Deferred Prosecution. Table II.A.2: Felony Sentencing Table for Probation Population on June 30, 2015 Crime Class Prior Record Level Total (%) I II III IV V VI Other E 1032 738 99 11 5 0 3 1888 5% F 1830 1402 632 143 17 7 28 4059 10% G 1132 1674 1026 510 4 3 6 4355 11% H 6028 5397 2332 1426 300 28 51 1556 40% I 3881 2853 1493 745 182 152 47 9353 24% Other 0 0 0 0 0 0 3,432 3,432 9% Undefined 160 81 34 6 3 1 45 330 1% Total (%) 14,063 12,145 5,616 2,841 511 191 3,612 38,97 36% 31% 14% 7% 1% 0% 9% Note: The ‘Undefined’ category contains offenders that had missing crime information. The felony sentencing table above describes felons in the probation population at the end of FY 2014-2015. The felony crime class with the largest number in the probation population is Class H, representing 40% of all felons on probation. The offenses in this crime class included larceny (24%), breaking and entering (22%), fraud (22%), and drug charges (19%). Class I offenses represented 24% of probationers with felony convictions, largely non-trafficking drug offenses (69%) and breaking and entering (9%). Classes E, F and G represented the smallest proportion of felons with a structured sentence on probation on June 30, 2015. Though the majority of these crimes were drug related offenses (18%); these classes also included more serious crimes such as drug trafficking (13%), weapons offenses (13%), assault (12%) and sexual offenses (12%). Type of Probation Exits Completions accounted for 16% of the 57,526 probation exits in FY 2014-2015. In order to exit probation supervision as a completion, the offender must serve the entire term sentenced by the court and meet all conditions of probation. Revocations represented 18% of all exits from probation (probation revocation rate), an 8% decrease from FY 2014-2015. An offender is revoked due to non-compliance with the conditions of probation which includes committing a new crime or absconding. 26 Offenders may also be revoked for technical violations of probation such as positive drug tests, non-reporting and failing to attend treatment but only after they have served two periods of confinement in response to violation. The exits classified as ‘Elect to Serve’ (<1%) are often combined with the revocations for an overall revocation rate because the offender will elect to serve his or her suspended sentence rather than comply with additional sanctions imposed as a result of the violation process. Both exits result in incarceration in state prisons or county jails. The decrease in the revocation rate is a result of the confinement in response to violation (CRV) sanction instituted by the Justice Reinvestment Act. CRV sanctions are not considered exits because supervision resumes after the sanction is complete. Early terminations, which accounted for 47% of exits, may be a successful or unsuccessful end of probation supervision. The court may satisfactorily terminate probation for several reasons. These may be cases in which all conditions of probation were met early and the supervision ended. Other possibilities for exits in the early termination category are considered unsuccessful. Examples include, probation cases in which the offender absconded and is not apprehended prior to the expiration of the case, also known as an “expired absconder” in which case, the probationer is moved to unsupervised probation with District Attorney’s approval, or probation ended due to incarceration on an unrelated conviction. Finally, the “Other Exits” category includes exits due to the offender’s death, the closure of a case sentenced in another state, but supervised in North Carolina through an Interstate Compact Agreement or other termination not further described. Figure II.A.3: Probation Exits, FY 2014-2015 9,279 10,550 27,245 20 10,432 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 Completion Revocation Early Termination Elect to Serve Other Probation Exits Exit Reason 27 II.B. Post-Release Supervision Post-Release Entry Trend During FY 2014-2015, there were 10,218 entries to post-release supervision. There were approximately 2,000 annual entries to post-release supervision from FY 2005-2006 through FY 2010-2011. The sharp increases beginning in FY 2011-2012 are a result of the first full year of implementation under the Justice Reinvestment Act (JRA), in which all felons exiting prison receive a period of post-release supervision. Figure II.B.1: Post-Release Entries by Fiscal Year, 2005-2015 Fiscal Year 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012 2012-2013 2013-2014 2014-2015 Total 1,764 2,027 2,124 2,246 2,240 2,430 2,832 4,667 7,907 10,218 Post-release supervision provides oversight during the period of re-entry in the community for offenders who have been sentenced and served prison terms. This form of supervision was incorporated into the Structured Sentencing Act initially only for serious offenders who serve long prison sentences and need control and assistance readjusting to life outside of the correctional institution. Under Structured Sentencing all offenders serving a prison sentence for a Class B1 through E felony conviction are supervised for nine months to five years, depending on the offense, after completion of their required prison term. JRA requires post-release supervision for all felony offenses committed on or after December 1, 2011. Offenders serving a prison sentence for Class B1 through E felony convictions are supervised for twelve months; Class F-I are supervised for nine months; sex offenders convicted of registerable offenses are supervised up to five years depending on the date of the offense. Also beginning in FY 2011-2012, a new level for Driving While Impaired (DWI) was legislated. Individuals convicted of Aggravated DWI are assigned a four month period of post-release supervision upon completion of any prison term imposed. Post-Release Population by Structured Sentencing Grids The Sentencing Grid reflects the population on post-release supervision at the end of FY 2014-2015. The distribution of the offenders on post-release supervision will not adequately reflect the prison population convicted of these crimes for many years due to the long sentences they serve. 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 09-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 Admissions Fiscal Year 28 Table II.B.1: Sentencing Table for the Post-Release Population on June 30, 2015 Prior Record Level Crime Class I II III IV V VI Other Total (%) B1 57 17 4 1 0 0 0 79 1% B2 115 82 24 4 3 0 0 228 2% C 287 299 245 262 92 54 0 1,239 12% D 289 243 160 88 18 23 0 821 8% E 329 356 229 180 51 47 0 1,192 12% F 210 266 193 181 36 27 0 913 9% G 139 346 339 239 66 39 0 1,168 11% H 463 1,027 851 741 282 277 0 3,641 35% I 119 258 157 218 79 130 0 961 9% Undefined 68 8 11 0 0 0 26 113 1% Total 2,076 2,902 2,213 1,91 627 597 26 10,355 (%) 20% 28% 21% 19% 6% 6% 0% There were 10,355 inmates on post-release at the end of this fiscal year. This figure reflects a 31% increase from FY 2013-2014 which was an increase of 187% from the population at the end of FY 2011-2012. More offenders on post-release supervision on June 30, 2015 were convicted of Class H offenses (35%) than any other class. Class C offenses were next most numerous, the majority of the offenders having served convictions as habitual felons (44%) or for sexual assault (39%). Among inmates supervised for Class D offenses, 56% had robbery convictions. The other predominant crime categories in Class D were sexual assault (16%), burglary (13%) and manslaughter (7%). The majority of Class E convictions were assaults (31%). Other crime categories for Class E offenses on post-release supervision were kidnapping and abduction (13%), robbery (13%), and habitual felon (11%). The primary undefined offenses were breaking and entering (29%) and larceny (26%). All inmates released to post-release supervision for conviction of sexual offenses are supervised for five years. As a group, offenders on post-release on June 30, 2015 had most recently been incarcerated for drugs non-trafficking (14%), breaking and entering (13%), robbery (9%), and sexual offenses (9%). Habitual felons accounted for 7% of the year ending post-release supervision population. Type of Post-Release Exits The majority (70%) of exits from post-release supervision were completions. When the offender completes this period of supervision, the sentence for which the offender was placed on supervision is terminated. An offender on post-release supervision may be revoked for a technical violation such as positive drug tests, non-reporting, failing to attend treatment or for additional criminal convictions. In FY 2014-2015 there were 2,132 revocations, 60 offenders died, supervision was otherwise terminated for 240 offenders, supervision was unsatisfactorily terminated for 107 offenders and 21 post release offenders had a miscellaneous exit status, which included closed cases to other states etc.29 Figure II.B.2: Post-Release Exits, FY 2014-2015 II.C. Parole Parole Entry Trend During FY 2014-2015, there were 816 entries to parole supervision. Overall, there has been a steady decline in parole entries over the past ten years with 2009-2010 and 2014-15 being the exceptions. Any entries to parole were individuals sentenced prior to the adoption of Structured Sentencing or convictions for DWI under the Safe Roads Act. The Structured Sentencing Act eliminated parole for offenders sentenced under those laws. Figure II.C.1: Parole Entries, FY 2006-2015 Fiscal Year 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012 2012-2013 2013-2014 2014-2015 Total 1,870 1,767 1,690 1,584 1,669 1,520 1,196 867 784 816 The inmates who are eligible for parole were sentenced for convictions under other sentencing laws. Non-Structured Sentencing inmates comprised less than 11% of the prison population on June 30, 2015. Approximately 12% of the entries to parole during FY 2014-2015 were sentenced 6,064 2,132 428 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 Completion Revocation Other Post-Release Exits Exit Reason 0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 2,000 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 09-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 Admissions Fiscal Year 30 under DWI laws; the largest proportion of parole entries (58%) was through Interstate Compact agreements. Crime Type of Parole Population There were 1,407 offenders on parole supervision on June 30, 2015. The majority of this population was convicted of crimes against a person (45%); the greater part of which were homicides (27%), which includes first degree murder (11%), second degree murder (14%) and manslaughter (2%). These crimes were followed by robbery (29%), assault (18%), and sex offenses (11%). Slightly more than one-quarter (26%) of the population were convicted of public order crimes, which included drug offenses (65%) and driving while impaired (17%). Individuals convicted of property crimes made up 18% of the population on parole. The most frequent property crimes were burglary (48%), larceny (24%) and fraud (12%). Figure II.C.2: Crime Type of Parole Population on June 30, 2015 Type of Parole Exits There were 820 exits from parole during FY 2014-2015. Fewer than half (40%) of these exits from parole supervision were completions. There were 23 (3%) exits from parole supervision due to revocation. An offender on parole supervision may be revoked for the same reasons as probation and post-release cases. The ‘Other Exits’ category (58%) includes cases in which there was a closure of a case supervised in North Carolina but sentenced in another state (411 cases, 87% of ‘Other Exits’), a successful or unsuccessful termination, or the offender died. During FY 2014-2015, 15 parolees died. 634 259 370 144 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 Crimes Against a Person Property Crimes Public Order Crimes Not Reported Parole Population Crime Type 31 Figure II.C.3: Parole Exits, FY 2014-2015 II.D. Community Corrections Demographics Table II.D.1: Demographics of Community Corrections Admissions, FY 2014-2015 Age Category Female Male White Black Other White Black Other Total 13-18 305 287 54 1,151 1,522 309 3,628 (6%) 19-21 733 671 103 2,103 2,716 413 6,739 (10%) 22-25 1,403 1,089 116 3,489 4,168 572 10,837 (17%) 26-30 1,824 970 135 3,947 3,895 635 11,406 (17%) 31-35 1,592 741 123 3,214 3,002 523 9,195 (14%) 36-40 1,229 534 83 2,343 2,200 372 6,761 (10%) 41-45 946 432 62 1,958 1,849 294 5,541 (8%) 46-50 688 374 35 1,641 1,600 177 4,515 (7%) 51-55 508 257 25 1,230 1,267 112 3,399 (5%) 56-60 244 108 18 744 761 61 1,936 (3%) 61-65 70 44 3 331 335 34 817 (1%) 66-70 47 11 2 144 129 6 339 (1%) 71+ 22 6 1 79 51 9 168 (<1%) Total 9,611 5,524 760 22,374 23,495 3,517 65,281 (100%) (%) 15% 8% 1% 34% 36% 5% 324 22 474 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 Completion Revocation Other Parole Population Crime Type 32 Table II.D.2: Demographics of Community Corrections Population, FY 2014-2015 Age Category Female Male White Black Other White Black Other Total 13-18 211 209 38 869 1,240 262 2,829 (3%) 19-21 781 741 114 2,586 3,487 583 8,292 (8%) 22-25 1,779 1,646 157 5,037 6,479 932 16,030 (16%) 26-30 2,775 1,776 207 6,261 6,545 964 18,528 (19%) 31-35 2,518 1,361 189 5,127 5,043 818 15,056 (15%) 36-40 2,049 1,121 151 3,861 3,815 591 11,588 (12%) 41-45 1,590 818 104 3,432 3,035 456 9,435 (9%) 46-50 1,181 664 58 2,721 2,539 268 7,431 (7%) 51-55 840 456 36 2,195 2,130 155 5,812 (6%) 56-60 436 224 21 1,283 1,261 124 3,349 (3%) 61-65 144 87 5 599 607 48 1,490 (1%) 66-70 72 26 2 317 231 20 668 (1%) 71+ 41 7 1 197 100 14 360 (<1%) Total 14,417 9,136 1,083 34,485 36,512 5,235 100,868 (100%) (%) 14% 9% 1% 34% 36% 5% 33 II.E. Sanctions for Supervised Offenders Sanctions provide graduated punishment or control in the community by increasing or decreasing supervision based on the offender’s behavior. Confinement in prison or jail always remains an option for noncompliance with the court or conditions set by the Post Release Supervision and Parole Commission. Available sanctions in North Carolina are listed in the table below. Table II.E.1: Sanction Utilization, FY 2013-2014 Sanction Entries Population Fiscal Year 2014- as of June 30, 2015 Electronic House Arrest/Electronic Monitoring 4,952 1,718 Continuous or Non-continuous Split Sentence 17,326 3,135 Residential Community Correction Facility 1,569 400 Drug Treatment Court 678 333 Electronic House Arrest (EHA): Community Corrections continued its operation of the EHA Sanction during the fiscal year, combining officer contact with radio/computer technology to monitor the offender. The computer, radio, and communication technologies provide assistance with control elements of supervision while Intermediate officers focus on supervision and treatment components. In this most restrictive community sanction, offenders are allowed to leave their residence only for treatment, employment, or educational purposes. Continuous or Non-Continuous Split Sentence/Special Probation: A split sentence, also called special probation, is imposed by the court and includes a period of incarceration which the offender must serve. The offender may have a split sentence which allows him to serve only on weekends. In a continuous sentence, the offender serves time with no break (e.g., serves 6 months continuously instead of having the sentence broken into weeks and weekends). Residential Treatment: Residential treatment facilities, operated outside the scope of the Section, exist to address specific treatment or behavior needs. Offenders ordered to participate in this sanction must spend a specific period of time living within the facility, usually from a 30-day period to as much as a two-year period. Most residential programs are operated by the non-profit sector, although the division does operate two residential treatment programs, DART Cherry therapeutic community and Black Mountain Substance Abuse Treatment Center for Women. Drug Treatment Court: Drug Treatment Court uses a team approach that includes representatives from several local District stakeholders. After determining the needs of the Drug Treatment Court participant, a common case plan is developed with each member of the team having a specific role. The participant is placed under the supervision of a Drug Treatment Court Probation Officer. The probation officer provides community corrections case management. II.F. Supervised Offender Programs & Special Initiatives The Section of Community Corrections (SCC) offers a number of programs for offenders during their period of supervision. These programs assist in supervision and provide a specialized intervention design to address offender behavior and promote rehabilitation. Community Service Work Program: The Community Service Work Program provides oversight of offenders ordered to perform community service hours for criminal offenses, including DWI 34 offenses. Offenders are assigned to perform service to local communities in an effort to promote rehabilitation and restore or improve the community. Over 2,340 individual agencies utilize community service offenders. The coordinators' role has expanded to include court processing throughout the state. The 226 Judicial Services Coordinators enrolled 48,256 offenders in the Community Service Work Program. Offenders completed 1,365,630 hours. The types of work performed were general labor, clerical labor, skilled labor, professional labor, and litter pick-up. The total dollar value of the hours performed based on the type of labor was $9,982,792. Community service fees were collected in the amount of $7,005,338. Electronic Monitoring/GPS: Session Law 2006-247 (H1896) required the division to establish a sex offender monitoring program using a continuous satellite based monitoring system to monitor sex offenders in the community starting January 1, 2007. Offenders subject to monitoring include those under probation, parole, or post-release supervision, as well as certain offenders who have completed their periods of supervision or incarceration and no longer have supervision requirements, but who are subject to lifetime tracking pursuant to statute. G.S. 14-208.40(a) establishes two categories of offenders who are subject to GPS monitoring: (1) any offender classified as a sexually violent predator, is a recidivist, or was convicted of an aggravated offense (Mandatory GPS); and (2) any offender who has committed an offense involving the physical, mental, or sexual abuse of a minor and requires the highest possible level of supervision and monitoring based on the results of a risk assessment known as the STATIC-99 (Conditional GPS). Both categories require that the offender be convicted of a reportable conviction and is required to register as a sex offender. Offenders in the mandatory category also fall into the lifetime tracking category, and will remain under GPS once any supervision or incarceration period ends. Domestic Violence Offender Supervision: The Section of Community Corrections recognizes that domestic violence offenders are a special population that requires unique case management expectations and a higher level of control and treatment during supervision. In addition to the general supervision contacts, there are other requirements that must be completed by the officer for domestic violence offenders to ensure public and victim safety. These include: Inform the offender that it is a violation of federal law to possess a firearm or ammunition. Check for an existing 50-B order at the beginning of supervision and every 90 days thereafter. Conduct a warrantless search of the offender’s premises at the beginning of supervision and every 90 days thereafter ensuring that neither weapons nor ammunition are in the residence. Attend one meeting with the offender’s treatment provider each month to discuss the offender’s progress. At the close of FY 2014-2015, approximately 1,852 offenders were being supervised through the Domestic Violence Program. Domestic Violence case management combines effective use of supervision tools designed to assist the victim and control the offender along with treatment resources to break the cycle of violence. Community Corrections mandates three-hour Domestic Violence training for all field staff. All current staff were trained and all new field employees are required to complete the training within the first 45 days of hire. The training is contained on a compact disc (CD) so that staff can view the training at their work stations rather than traveling to a traditional training site. Each District has a copy of the training and is able to provide community partners with the training. The training is comprehensive and covers the topics which are relevant to community supervision of Domestic Violence offenders.35 Community Corrections continues to maintain partnerships with Batterer’s Intervention Programs, Victim Service Agencies, and Treatment Accountability for Safe Communities by maintaining Memorandums of Understanding (MOU) which outline local processes, protocol and roles of each party. The SCC will continue to develop partnerships at the state level with local and state agencies, coalitions, and victim service providers to bring a voice from across the spectrum to work together to provide best practices in shaping the Domestic Violence Program. A Domestic Violence and Sex Offender Committee has been formed to review policy and legislation. The committee has been tasked with making recommendations for changes in policies or legislation. The agency will continue to look at additional resources that will follow evidence-based practices in effectively supervising this highly volatile population while providing the officer with the necessary tools to maintain offender accountability and to protect the victim. Transition Services: The SCC works in collaboration with other sections in the division to provide support to offenders as they transition from prison to community supervision and after the period of supervision ends. The SCC is instrumental in planning, developing and implementing strategies that have a positive impact on individuals who are seeking to be reunited with their family and community. Program staff assist offenders that are transitioning back to the community each year. Each year many offenders are being released without any place to go. The Staff work in collaboration with prison case managers and the probation field staff to locate stable residences for returning offenders, and establish relationships within offenders’ communities so that once an offender is released they have access to services. Limited English Proficiency (LEP) Offender Program: Because North Carolina has such a diverse population, the SCC population consists of offenders from many different cultures and ethnic groups. Because Hispanics make up the largest portion of the Limited English Proficiency population, the SCC has had many of the forms, as well as, the Risk Needs Assessment Offender Self Report translated into Spanish. Although, there are still barriers for those offenders who do not read Spanish, the SCC has been able to utilize a telephone translation service to assist the staff with offenders who speak languages other than English. The telephone translation service was utilized 392 times during FY 2014-2015. Victim Notification Program: The SCC established an Automated Victim Notification Program to meet the section’s responsibilities in the Crime Victims’ Rights Act, General Statute 15A-837. Legislation mandated the SCC to notify victims of specific crimes committed on or after July 1, 1999. The section has carried the notification process a step further in that we give every victim the opportunity to be notified and we will register victims only upon their request. The notification process was established as a centralized victim notification program to ensure the accuracy of the automated notification letters that are generated by updates made to offender records in the OPUS (Offender Population Unified System) computer system. There are 26 different letters that cover the above mandated notifications. Each day the system generates approximately 114 notices explaining conditions of the offender’s supervision or movements into or out of an intermediate sanction, violations, hearings, absconding, capture, restitution modifications, terminations, discharges, or death. The program is staffed by 4 personnel in the Administrative Programs section, one statewide advocate notification coordinator and three information processing assistants. 36 Table II.F.1 shows the “snap-shot” numbers of victims that have registered for services and the offenders tied to those victims as of the end of the fiscal year. Also shown are the numbers of notification letters sent during the fiscal year. Table II.F.1: Victim Notification Program Activity, FY 2014-2015 Division Offenders Victims Notification Letters First 452 600 4,842 Second 1,489 2,095 4,102 Third 964 1,425 8,984 Fourth 356 563 3,881 Administrative 190 304 1,457 Total 3,451 4,987 23,266 Treatment for Effective Community Supervision (TECS) The Justice Reinvestment Act created the TECS which is designed to support the use of evidence-based practices to reduce recidivism and to promote coordination between State and community-based corrections programs. National research studies indicate that Cognitive Behavioral Intervention (CBI) programming has significant impact on recidivism. Therefore, the Department decided to designate a large portion of the TECS funding towards CBI. The priority populations for TECS programs are offenders convicted of a felony or offenders sentenced under G.S. 90-96 conditional discharge for a felony offense; and offenders identified using a validated risk assessment instrument to have a high likelihood of reoffending. Core services offered to offenders through TECS include cognitive behavioral interventions with booster sessions and a community based continuum of substance services to include outpatient, intensive outpatient, and aftercare/recovery management services. Support services such as education, employment, and social supports based on offender needs must also be addressed by vendors through community linkages and collaboration. Figure II.F.1: Offenders Served in TECS by Risk Level *L1 includes offenders not yet assessed by supervised as high-risk offenders. 3,682 4,370 3,676 621 37 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000 L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 Parole Population Supervision Level 37 II.G. Supervised Population Projections Each year the Rehabilitative Programs & Services section projects the total number of offenders who will be under probation, post-release and parole supervision at the end of the fiscal year. The statistical model projects the supervision population based on aggregate data trends. The primary factors that influence the population projections are the anticipated number of entries to supervision and the estimated average length of stay for various supervision levels. The population projection integrates Structured Sentencing probation entry projections for the next five years provided by the North Carolina Sentencing and Policy Advisory Commission. Length of stay and entries to probation for Driving While Impaired, post-release supervision and parole are derived by Division staff based on historical trends. The Section uses a statistical model to project the population supervised in the community based on anticipated population and supervision standards. The five-year population projections use growth assumptions adopted by the North Carolina Sentencing and Policy Advisory Commission’s Technical Forecasting Advisory Group and data prepared by the Section. The analysis shows that probation/parole officer resources remain below the level required to meet the supervision caseload goals. The table below shows the projections for the end of year population assigned to probation/parole officers, and the current position resources versus projected staffing needs. Table II.G.1: Probation/Parole Officer Caseload Projections, FY 2015-2016 – FY 2018-2019 Fiscal Year Projected End Of Year Supervision Population On June 30 Required Officer Resources Current Officer Resources Additional Resources Needed FY 15-16 101,837 1,885 1,876 9 FY 16-17 101,877 1,885 1,876 9 FY 17-18 103,915 1,917 1,876 41 FY 18-19 104,954 1,945 1,876 69 FY 19-20 106,005 1,965 1,876 89 38 III. Alcoholism & Chemical Dependency Programs Alcoholism and Chemical Dependency Programs (ACDP) is a unit of the Section of the Prisons. Its mission is to plan, administer and coordinate chemical dependency screening, assessment, and treatment services for offenders. The unit provides regular training and clinical supervision for program staff, encourages input from all staff related program development, and is committed to activities directed at leadership development for program and district management teams. ACDP promotes programming that reflects “best practices” for intervention and treatment, as established by the National Institute of Health and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Unit leadership embraces programs that are based on cognitive-behavioral interventions, which challenge criminal thinking, confront the abuse and addiction processes, and are proven to reduce recidivism. In addition, the unit provides information and education on traditional recovery resources available to inmates both while in prison and upon return to the community. All male prison programs utilize “A New Direction” curriculum, which is an evidence-based program emphasizing identification of destructive thinking patterns and replacement with constructive recovery-driven thoughts and actions. One hallmark of prison-based ACDP programs is the use of treatment assistants who are current inmates in recovery from alcoholism and/or drug addiction. The concept of treatment assistants helping the treatment team is an integral part of corrections treatment design. Treatment assistants have completed residential treatment during their current sentences, and have participated in the ACDP continuum of care. Six months after the completion of treatment, inmates may choose to begin the treatment assistant application process. Selected male candidates attend an intensive 10-week training program. Unique in some of ACDP’s treatment environments is the concept of a “Therapeutic Community” (TC) as the core component of treatment design. The therapeutic community model views drug abuse as a disorder of the whole person. Treatment activities promote an understanding of criminal thinking in relation to substance abuse behavior and engage the offender in activities that encourage experiential and social learning. The community of inmates is the main driving force in bringing about change, as inmates who are further along in treatment are used to help others initiate the process of change. Unit programs encompass three major service levels for offenders. There are two community-based residential treatment programs for probationers/parolees; one for males and one for females. The other two categories established for male and female inmates consist of intermediate treatment services and long-term treatment services within 17 prison facilities. These latter services are provided within DACJJ prison facilities. For probationers and parolees, eligibility for admission to a community-based residential treatment program is determined by court order or by the Post-Release Supervision and Parole Commission. Eligible offenses include driving while impaired or other drug charges/convictions. Eligibility for prison-based treatment programs is established during diagnostic processing, and utilizes the Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory (SASSI) as a severity indicator of substance abuse problems. Based on the screening results, prison staff makes the initial referral to treatment. Upon admission to a treatment program, ACDP staff completes a thorough “common assessment” on all participants, which further defines the history and extent of the substance 39 abuse problem. Together, these measures establish final recommended treatment placement for participants in an ACDP program. III.A. Community Residential Substance Abuse Treatment ACDP provides residential treatment facilities for both men and women. The facilities are responsible for the delivery of chemical dependency treatment services to probationers sent by the courts and parolees released from the State Prison System and transitioning back into the community. Enrollment in DART-Cherry DART Cherry is a community residential facility in Goldsboro that treats male probationers and parolees. The 90-day program has two Therapeutic Community (TC) programs in separate buildings, each with 100 treatment slots. The therapeutic community model views drug abuse as a disorder of the whole person. Treatment activities promote an understanding of criminal thinking in relation to substance abuse behavior and engage the offender in activities that encourage experiential and social learning. The overall enrollment in DART Cherry programs increased slightly from 1,311 to 1,319 in FY 2014-2015. Probationers made up the largest portion (89%) of the offenders assigned to the 90-day program in FY 2014-2015. Table III.A.1: Enrollment for DART Cherry, FY 2014-2015 Type of Supervision Offenders Enrolled Percent of Annual Enrolled 90-day Parole 142 11% 90-day Probation 1,177 89% Total 1,319 100% Exits from DART-Cherry The majority (83%) of participants at DART-Cherry exit the program as successful completions. The “Other” category includes exits due to administrative reasons, detainers, and illness. Table III.A.3: DART-Cherry Exits, FY 2014-2015 Exit Reason 90-Day Program Completed 893 83% Absconded/Withdrawn 77 7% Transferred/Released 6 1% Removed/Discipline 78 7% Inappropriate for Treatment 14 1% Other 12 1% Total 1,080 100% Enrollment in Black Mountain The Black Mountain Substance Abuse Treatment Center for Women is a 60-bed residential treatment facility that provides chemical dependency treatment services to probationers sent by the courts and to parolees released from prison and transitioning home to the community. The program embraces evidence-based practice design and provides a multi-disciplinary approach, focusing on group and individual therapy in addition to substance abuse education.40 Female inmates identified as candidates to participate in the Black Mountain program receive additional screening prior to assignment to ensure that the inmate is appropriate for treatment and that medical and mental health issues are stabilized prior to paroling them to the facility. The overall enrollment in Black Mountain programs decreased from 303 to 296 in FY 2014-2015. Probationers made up the largest portion (97%) of the offenders assigned to the 90-day program. Table III.A.4: Enrollment for Black Mountain, FY 2014-2015 Type of Supervision Offenders Enrolled Percent of Annual Enrolled 90-day Parole 9 3% 90-day Probation 287 97% Total 296 100% Exits from Black Mountain The majority (74%) of offenders at Black Mountain exited the program as successful completions. The “Other” category includes exits due to administrative reasons, detainers, and illness. Table III.A.5: Black Mountain Exits, FY 2014-2015 Exit Reason 90 Day Program Completed 186 74% Absconded/Withdrawn 8 3% Transferred/Released 2 1% Removed/Discipline 33 13% Inappropriate for Treatment 20 8% Other 3 1% Total 252 100% Table III.A.6: Demographics of ACDP Community Residential Enrollees, FY 2014-2015 Age Category Female Male White Black Other White Black Other Total (%) 13-18 1 0 0 15 3 1 20 (1%) 19-21 30 0 2 86 34 7 159 (10%) 22-25 49 12 3 178 66 14 322 (20%) 26-30 69 6 2 182 70 11 340 (21%) 31-35 32 9 2 110 50 8 211 (13%) 36-40 22 5 1 60 49 2 139 (9%) 41-45 17 5 0 56 42 4 124 (8%) 46-50 10 6 0 56 58 2 132 (8%) 51-55 6 3 0 42 45 2 98 (6%) 56-60 3 0 0 17 27 0 47 (3%) 61-65 1 0 0 10 10 0 21 (1%) 66-70 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (0%) Unknown 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 (<1%) Total 240 46 10 814 454 51 1,615 (%) (15%) (3%) (<1%) (50%) (28%) (3%) 41 III.B. Intermediate ACDP Programs Intermediate ACDP programs range from 35 to 90 days and were available in 12 prison facilities across the state during FY 2014-2015. Program lengths vary in order to accommodate a range of sentence lengths and those inmates who are referred late in their incarceration. Intermediate programs are back-end loaded, that is, offenders successfully complete the program and then leave prison immediately or soon thereafter. Programs begin with a mandatory 15-day orientation. During that time, ACDP staff conduct assessments to confirm the inmate’s need for treatment. After the orientation, and depending upon the results of the assessment and the inmate’s level of motivation, the inmate may opt to leave the program. Otherwise, the inmate will continue to the treatment phase of the program. Treatment involves lectures, role play and thinking reports, and group counseling which is designed to break through denial about the substance abuse problem and introduce the inmate to recovery-based thinking and action. Enrollment in Intermediate Programs The majority of intermediate programs are open-ended such that weekly enrollments and exits are coordinated with Prisons transfer schedules. This coordination results in fluctuations in the number of inmates actually enrolled in the treatment program. The total annual enrollment for intermediate ACDP programs increased 20% (4,111 offenders) during FY 2014-2015 compared to the number of inmates (3,431) enrolled in FY 2013-2014. Much of this fluctuation in the last couple of years could be attributed to population management to address prison closures and subsequent program start-up at units receiving treatment slots from closed facilities. Table III.B.1: Enrollment in Intermediate ACDP Programs, FY 2014-2015 Overall capacity utilization rate was affected by start-up programs. Piedmont Correctional Institution offered two levels of programming, medium and minimum. The program at Swannanoa Correctional Center for Women decreased treatment beds from 90 to 60 due to staffing shortages within the prison facility. Alexander reflected the lowest utilization rate and markedly different from all other facilities. The capacity utilization rate changed at several facilities indicating that changes in the last few years may require time to come to capacity with inmates appropriate for treatment. Facility Treatment Slots Annual Enrollment Average Daily Enrollment Capacity Utilization Rate (%) NC Correctional Institution for Women 68 431 65 96% Piedmont Correctional Institution - Medium 64 525 70 109% Piedmont Correctional Institution - Minimum 33 222 30 91% Harnett Correctional Institution 33 166 28 85% Pender Correctional Institution 106 686 100 94% Johnston Correctional Institution 68 336 56 82% Lumberton Correctional Institution 64 390 60 94% Catawba Correctional Center 32 213 30 94% Craggy Correctional Center 68 409 64 94% Swannanoa Correctional Center for Women 60 229 55 92% Rutherford Correctional Center 34 209 32 94% Alexander Correctional Institution 80 295 39 49% Totals 710 4,111 629 89% 42 Exits from Intermediate Programs Of the exits from Intermediate programs, the majority (67%) were completions. Completion is defined as satisfactory participation in the program for the required number of treatment days. The next most common reason for exiting the program was removal (14%) of inmates from the program. The removed category consists of offenders who were removed from the treatment program by staff for administrative reasons or due to the offender’s behavior. The withdrawal category is made up of offenders who voluntarily withdraw from the treatment program against staff advice; ten percent (10%) of participants withdrew from treatment. Inmates who elect to exit the program are referred back to their Prison Case Manager for an alternative assignment. Though every effort is made to facilitate treatment completion, inmates may be transferred to another prison facility or are released from prison during the course of treatment. Three percent (3%) exited as a result of transfer or release. When inmates are assigned to a treatment program, staff conduct thorough assessments of the offender’s treatment needs. Only 2% of the inmates who exited from the intermediate programs were considered inappropriate for treatment. Table III.B.2: Exits from Intermediate ACDP Programs, FY 2014-2015 Exit Reason Number of Exits Percent of All Exits Completion 2,054 67% Inappropriate for Treatment 69 2% Other 131 4% Removed/Discipline 425 14% Transferred/Released 72 3% Withdrawal 300 10% Total 3,051 100% Table III.B.3: Demographics of ACDP Intermediate Treatment Participants, FY 2014-2015 Age Category Male Female White Black Other White Black Other Total (%) 13 - 18 1 0 0 0 1 0 2 <1% 19 - 21 12 31 3 16 7 3 72 (2%) 22 - 25 285 309 18 66 18 4 700 (18%) 26 - 30 380 284 26 126 25 1 842 (20%) 31 - 35 362 236 30 107 14 2 751 (18%) 36 - 40 228 195 27 79 18 5 552 (13%) 41 - 45 180 172 12 75 14 1 454 (11%) 46 - 50 133 147 12 29 18 1 340 (8%) 51 - 55 98 129 1 16 8 1 253 (6%) 56 - 60 44 51 1 6 9 0 111 (3%) 61 - 65 16 13 0 1 0 0 30 <1% 66 - 70 8 5 0 1 0 0 14 <1% 71+ 1 1 0 0 0 0 2 <1% Total* 1,748 1,573 130 522 132 18 4,123 (%) (42%) (38%) (3%) (13%) (3%) (0%) *Does not sum to the total of enrollments and exits since some inmates both enrolled and exited during the same time period.43 III.C. Long-Term Treatment Programs Long-term treatment programs within ACDP range from 120 to 365 days. These programs are reserved for offenders who are in need of intensive treatment as indicated by SASSI scores of 4 or 5, whose abuse history is both lengthy and severe, and those with multiple treatment episodes. Long-term treatment programs address substance abuse and criminal thinking issues throughout the treatment process. All long-term programs are back-end loaded, that is, offenders successfully complete the program and then leave prison immediately or soon thereafter. Programs utilize a modified Therapeutic Community (TC) model in the correctional environment. Enrollment in Long-Term Programs The overall enrollment in long-term programs decreased slightly from 1,079 to 1,015 while the overall capacity utilization rate for long-term programs was at 76% during FY 2014-2015. This is partially due to two facilities closing resulting in a realignment of program capacity at other facilities, with the likelihood of creating a brief delay in assigning inmates to programs. Table III.C.1: Enrollment in Long-Term Treatment Programs, FY 2014-2015 Exits from Long-Term Programs In total, 647 inmates exited a prison long-term substance abuse treatment program during FY 2014-2015. Less than one-half (41%) successfully completed the program requirements. Approximately one third (32%) exited for behavioral or clinical problems identified by program or custody staff. The prison long-term treatment programs have the highest proportion of exits due to removal by staff for a number of reasons. By definition, these are the longest treatment programs so there is more opportunity for a disciplinary infraction to occur. Additionally, the population served by these prison programs is also a significant factor in these inmates are often individuals with a high-risk for rearrest. Table III.C.3: Exits from Long-Term Treatment Programs, FY 2014-2015 Exit Reason Number of Exits Percent of Exits Completion 264 41% Inappropriate for treatment 10 2% Other 20 3% Removed/Discipline 206 32% Transferred/Released/Out to Court 28 4% Withdrawal 119 18% Total 647 100% Facility Treatment Slots Annual Enrollment Average Daily Enrollment Capacity Utilization Rate NC Correctional Institution for Women 34 97 32 94% Fountain Correctional Center for Women 42 49 24 57% Southern Correctional Institution 32 87 20 63% Dan River Work Farm 68 284 61 90% Eastern Correctional Institution 64 69 34 53% Morrison Correctional Institution 88 273 76 86% Polk Correctional Institution 32 156 26 81% Totals 360 1,015 272 76% 44 Participant withdrawal (18%) was the next most frequent exit reason. The withdrawal category is made up of offenders who voluntarily exit the treatment program against staff advice. Another 2% of long-term treatment program exits were inmates inappropriately assigned to treatment or deemed medically incapable. This type of exit occurs after program staff conduct assessments of the inmates during the orientation phase of the treatment program. An additional 4% transferred to another facility, were released from prison due to coming to the end of their sentence or went out to court for more than three consecutive days. Table III.C.2: Demographics of Long-Term Treatment Participants, FY 2014-2015 Age Category Male Female White Black Other White Black Other Total (%) 13-18 6 13 0 0 0 0 19 (2%) 19-21 67 71 5 5 3 0 151 (15%) 22-25 70 65 5 24 2 0 166 (17%) 26-30 61 54 6 44 8 6 179 (18%) 31-35 63 34 5 64 10 1 177 (17%) 36-40 33 25 2 44 8 1 113 (11%) 41-45 17 24 0 23 11 1 76 (8%) 46-50 22 20 0 15 9 0 66 (7%) 51-55 10 14 1 13 7 0 45 (4%) 56-60 4 7 1 2 0 0 14 (1%) 61-65 3 4 0 0 1 0 8 <1% 66-70 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 <1% 71+ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (0%) Total* 356 332 25 234 59 9 1,015 (%) (35%) (33%) (2%) (23%) (6%) (1%) *Does not sum to the total of enrollments and exits.45 IV. Correction Enterprises North Carolina Correction Enterprises (NCCE) is the prison industry section of the division. NCCE's goal is to provide meaningful work experiences and rehabilitative opportunities for inmates during incarceration, and provide quality goods and services to tax-supported entities at a savings to the taxpayers. Correction Enterprises works with other state agencies, such as the Department of Labor, the Employment Security Commission and Community Colleges, to assist inmates in developing work skills and achieve competencies necessary for obtaining and holding jobs upon release. The objective is for the former offender to obtain and maintain gainful employment upon release, thus significantly reducing his/her recidivism risk. In 2012, NCCE implemented a strategic plan to define the agency’s mission, vision, core values and achievements for the next five years. The plan lays out specific goals that Correction Enterprises has embarked upon and will strive to accomplish by the end of Fiscal Year 2017. The goals and objectives include: • Improve Customer Experience • Increase Opportunities for Inmate Success • Increase Market Share • Maintain Financial Stability • Improve Organizational Efficiencies • Increase Environmental Responsibility • Implement New Product Development For the FY 2014-2015, the total sales for NCCE were $96,218,735. After accounting for the cost of sales, operating expenses and transfers to other funds the NCCE net income was a gain of $2,266,066, a marked difference from FY 2013-2014 where NCCE showed net income as a loss of $728,576. In the FY 2014-2015, NCCE had 30 separate operations that produced a variety of goods and services including traffic signs and paint; farming and food processing; printing, Braille and quick copy; furniture and re-upholstery; metal products; uniforms, embroidery and other sewn items; eyeglasses; license tags; janitorial products; laundry services; and warehouse and distribution. The average daily number of inmates employed by Correction Enterprises was 2,085 with the demographics summarized in the table below: Table IV.1: Average Daily Enrollment in NCCE, FY 2014-2015 Male Female White Black Other Total White Black Other Total 779 995 218 1,992 66 22 5 93 Those operations averaging more than 100 inmate workers are: • Farm and Cannery Operation – Tillery Correctional Center • Janitorial Products – Warren Correctional Institution • Laundry Operation – Sampson Correctional Institution • Print Plant – Nash Correctional Institution • Sewing Plants – Columbus, Scotland, Marion, and Pender Correctional Institutions46 • Sign Plant – Franklin Correctional Center Correction Enterprises is authorized to sell products and services to taxpayer-supported agencies and to North Carolina’s 501(c)(3) organizations that receive some level of tax support. For over 10 years Correction Enterprises has partnered with the state and federal Departments of Labor (DOL), the Section of Prisons and the Community College System to establish apprenticeship programs that will eventually lead the successful inmate to certification as a Journeyman in a trade skill. By using DOL job competency standards, Correction Enterprises ensures that training provided to inmates is consistent with those skills recognized by an industry, as necessary for competent performance at the Journeyman level in that industry. These standards usually require at least 144 hours of related classroom instruction for every 2,000 hours of on-the-job training. Currently, Correction Enterprises has apprenticeship programs in Combination Welding, Printing (nine separate programs), Re-upholstery, Duplicating Services Technology, Sewing Machine Repair, Digital Design (Embroidery), Woodworking, Sewing Operator, Upholstery, and Laundry Wash Technician. Apprenticeship programs in Dental Technology, Braille Transcription, and Chemical Products Quality Control are planned for the future. To be eligible to participate in an apprenticeship program, inmates must have a high school diploma or be currently enrolled in a GED program. All apprenticeship programs are administered and awarded by the North Carolina Department of Labor. Correction Enterprises is also the N.C. administrator for the Prison Industries Enhancement Certification Program (PIECP). The U.S. Department of Justice Prison Industry Enhancement (PIE) program regulates partnerships between prison industries and private business for the manufacture of goods that are sold in inter-state commerce. Inmates who work in PIE manufacturing operations earn a prevailing wage, comparable to that earned by workers performing similar jobs in the local community. Mandatory inmate wage deductions provide DAC with the means of collecting taxes and partially recovering inmate room and board. Inmate wage deductions are also used to assist with family support and for providing crime victims with greater opportunity to obtain compensation. Correction Enterprises’ active PIE partnerships include S2 Clean at Warren Janitorial Plant to supply eco-friendly cleaning products and an Inmate Packaging program at Lanesboro Correctional Institution We are currently seeking a new partner for the Dental program at Pamlico Correctional Institution.47 V. Appendices 48 Appendix A: DAC Populations: Convicting County, FY 2013-2014 Table V.A1: DAC Populations: Convicting County, FY 2014-2015 County Prison Entries Prison Population Community Entries Community Population Alamance 520 747 1,312 1,849 Alexander 80 98 239 382 Alleghany 26 43 80 136 Anson 76 118 217 328 Ashe 44 86 160 245 Avery 54 60 127 198 Beaufort 208 374 494 962 Bertie 17 52 135 189 Bladen 62 111 354 522 Brunswick 239 353 638 1,079 Buncombe 484 1,032 1,241 1,855 Burke 248 351 558 846 Cabarrus 546 749 1,527 2,364 Caldwell 183 274 488 659 Camden 8 16 51 54 Carteret 206 255 478 722 Caswell 34 67 96 174 Catawba 347 583 713 1,158 Chatham 76 138 179 332 Cherokee 32 64 121 236 Chowan 30 42 130 151 Clay 13 14 42 66 Cleveland 413 638 941 1,707 Columbus 149 264 492 749 Craven 254 427 633 1,043 Cumberland 883 1,494 2,122 2,966 Currituck 28 36 156 247 Dare 82 104 364 562 Davidson 353 717 1,149 1,860 Davie 66 124 279 424 Duplin 179 261 472 661 Durham 509 1,119 1,771 2,464 Edgecombe 221 275 479 838 Forsyth 653 1,629 2,272 3,624 Franklin 106 133 254 365 Gaston 536 946 1,169 2,140 Gates 10 22 65 69 Graham 15 24 43 57 Granville 116 149 245 391 Greene 58 71 135 222 49 County Prison Entries Prison Population Community Entries Community Population Guilford 1,281 2,634 3,113 5,334 Halifax 109 225 461 763 Harnett 201 345 553 793 Haywood 125 218 396 540 Henderson 222 354 528 709 Hertford 45 106 222 298 Hoke 138 230 344 604 Hyde 14 18 30 43 Iredell 377 644 1,283 2,059 Jackson 55 82 215 278 Johnston 418 619 1,344 1,594 Jones 31 38 101 157 Lee 127 207 384 654 Lenoir 248 355 869 1,207 Lincoln 241 347 579 1,204 Macon 53 94 164 283 Madison 60 73 153 252 Martin 117 167 282 465 McDowell 203 249 466 653 Mecklenburg 1,221 2,852 2,902 4,776 Mitchell 51 69 129 220 Montgomery 72 82 332 523 Moore 249 410 942 1,314 Nash 333 412 671 1,080 New Hanover 699 1,005 2,228 3,326 Northampton 20 83 125 203 Onslow 336 613 916 1,342 Orange 132 286 428 605 Pamlico 25 26 69 107 Pasquotank 63 139 388 527 Pender 137 183 407 673 Perquimans 27 33 84 117 Person 196 261 366 474 Pitt 629 843 1,892 2,813 Polk 22 32 92 130 Randolph 230 377 1,076 1,738 Richmond 158 215 430 616 Robeson 320 731 866 1,423 Rockingham 236 468 608 919 Rowan 507 777 1,588 2,334 Rutherford 267 299 640 921 Sampson 202 378 508 758 Scotland 94 221 374 612 Stanly 122 205 381 547 50 County Prison Entries Prison Population Community Entries Community Population Stokes 100 196 258 480 Surry 163 267 449 718 Swain 31 54 98 145 Transylvania 44 77 118 137 Tyrrell 10 12 53 75 Union 273 443 819 1,348 Vance 106 162 319 478 Wake 1,891 2,710 4,890 6,680 Warren 30 49 105 209 Washington 24 56 105 153 Watauga 98 121 271 455 Wayne 323 554 1,072 1,374 Wilkes 274 466 689 1,049 Wilson 238 300 538 1,013 Yadkin 134 175 354 250 Yancey 53 60 164 4,768 51 Appendix B. Listing of Prison Facilities Table V.B1: Listing of Prison Facilities Division of Prison Facility Name Standard Operating Capacity (EOC) Phone # Albemarle Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 624 (816) 44150 Airport Road, New London, P.O. Box 460, Badin, NC 28009 (704) 422-3036 Alexander Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 1,122 (1,180) 633 Old Landfill Road, Taylorsville, NC 28681 (828) 632-1331 Avery-Mitchell Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 624 (816) 600 Amity Park Road, Spruce Pine, NC 28777 (828) 765-0229 Bertie Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 1,284 (1,400) 218 Cooper Hill Road, P.O. Box 129, Windsor NC 27983 (252) 794-8600 Brown Creek Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 1,084 (1,204) 248 Prison Camp Road, P.O. Box 310, Polkton, NC 28135 (704) 694-2622 Caldwell Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 194 (238) 480 Pleasant Hill Road, Lenoir, NC 28645 (828) 726-2509 Caledonia Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 958 (1,014) 2787 Caledonia Drive, P.O. Box 137, Tillery, NC 27887 (252) 826-5621 Carteret Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 244 (300) 1084 Orange Street, P.O. Box 220, Newport, NC 28570-0220 (252) 223-5100 Caswell Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 354 (460) 444 County Home Road, Blanch, NC 27212 (336) 694-4531 Catawba Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 192 (230) 1347 Prison Road, Newton, NC 28650 (828) 466-5521 Central Prison Standard Operating Capacity: 720 (720) 1300 Western Blvd., 4285 MSC, Raleigh, NC 27699-4285 (919) 733-0800 Community Transition (formerly ECO) Standard Operating Capacity: 30 (30) 127 West Park Avenue, Charlotte, NC 28233 (704) 342-4100 Columbus Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 584 (670) 1255 Prison Camp Road, P.O. Box 8, Brunswick, NC 28424 (910) 642-3285 Craggy Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 452 (590) 2992 Riverside Drive, Asheville, NC 28804 (828) 645-5315 Craven Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 542 (670) 600 Alligator Road, P.O. Box 839, Vanceboro, NC 28586 (252) 244-3337 Dan River Prison Work Farm Standard Operating Capacity: 500 (620) 981 Murray Road, Blanch, NC 27212 (336) 694-1583 Davidson Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 196 (258) 1400 Thomason Street, P.O. Drawer 1977, Lexington, NC 27293 (336) 249-7528 Eastern Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 429 (429) 2821 Hwy. 903 N., P.O. Box 215, Maury, NC 28554 (252) 747-8101 Foothills Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 808 (858) 5150 Western Ave., Morganton, NC 28655 (828) 438-5585 Forsyth Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 196 (248) 307 Craft Drive, Winston Salem, NC 27107 (336) 896-7041 Franklin Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 356 (452) 928 Elbridge Drive, Raleigh, NC 27603 (919) 496-6119 52 Division of Prison Facility Name Standard Operating Capacity (EOC) Phone # Gaston Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 200 (242) 520 Justice Court, Dallas, NC 28034 (704) 922-3861 Greene Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 516 (616) 2699 Highway 903, P.O. Box 39, Maury, NC 28554 (252) 747-3676 Harnett Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 816 (954) 1210 E. McNeill Street, P.O. Box 1569, Lillington, NC 27546 (910) 893-2751 Hoke Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 424 (502) 243 Old Highway 211, Raeford, NC 28376 (910) 944-7612 Hyde Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 648 (736) 620 Prison Road, P.O. Box 278, Swan Quarter, NC 27885 (252) 926-1810 Johnston Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 468 (612) 2465 U.S. 70 West, Smithfield, NC 27577 (919) 934-8386 Lanesboro Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 1,284 (1,400) 522 Prison Camp Road, P.O. Box 280, Polkton, NC 28135 (704) 695-1013 Lincoln Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 160 (202) 464 Roper Drive, Lincolnton, NC 28092 (704) 735-0485 Lumberton Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 624 (768) 75 Legend Road, P.O. Box 1649, Lumberton, NC 28359-1649 (910) 618-5574 Marion Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 706 (738) 355 Old Glenwood Road, P.O. Box 2405, Marion, NC 28752 (828) 659-7810 Maury Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 1,284 (1,400) 2568 Moore Rouse Rd., Hookerton, PO Box 506 Maury, NC 28554 (252) 747-1400 Morrison Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 646 (801) 1573 McDonald Church Road, P.O. Box 169 Hoffman, NC 28347 (910) 281-3161 Mountain View Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 552 (884) 545 Amity Park Road, Spruce Pine, NC 28777 (828) 766-2555 Nash Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 512 (512) 2869 Highway 64 Alt., P.O. Box 600, Nashville, NC 27856-0600 (252) 459-4455 NC Correctional Institution for Women Standard Operating Capacity: 1,220 (1,288) 1034 Bragg Street, 4287 MSC, Raleigh, NC 27699-4287 (919) 733-4340 Neuse Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 600 (788) 701 Stevens Mill Rd., P.O. Box 2087, Goldsboro, NC 27530 (919) 731-2023 New Hanover Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 300 (384) 330 Division Drive, P.O. Box 240, Wilmington, NC 28401 (910) 251-2666 Odom Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 352 (352) 485 Odom Prison Road, P.O. Box 36, Jackson, NC 27845 (252) 534-5611 Orange Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 162 (200) 2110 Clarence Walters Rd, PO Box 1149, Hillsborough, NC 27278 (919) 732-9301 Pamlico Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 552 (552) 601 N. Third Street, Bayboro, NC 28515 (252) 745-3074 Pasquotank Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 840 (896) 527 Commerce Drive, Elizabeth City, NC 27909 (252) 331-4881 Pender Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 612 (740) 906 Penderlea Road, P.O. Box 1058, Burgaw, NC 28425 (910) 259-8735 Piedmont Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 848 (952) 1245 Camp Road, Salisbury, NC 28147 (704) 639-7540 53 Division of Prison Facility Name Standard Operating Capacity (EOC) Phone # Polk Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 840 (904) 1001 Veazey Road, P.O. Box 2500, Butner, NC 27509-2500 (919) 575-3070 Randolph Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 176 (226) 2760 S. Fayetteville Street, P.O. Box 4128, Asheboro, NC 27204 (336) 625-2578 Rutherford Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 190 (236) 549 Ledbetter Road, Spindale, NC 28160 (828) 286-4121 Sampson Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 352 (452) 700 Northwest Blvd., P.O. Box 1109, Clinton, NC 28329 (910) 592-2151 Sanford Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 242 (298) 417 Advancement Center Rd, PO Box 2490, Sanford, NC 27330 (919) 776-4325 Scotland Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 1,478 (1,652) 22385 McGirts Bridge Rd., P.O. Box 1808, Laurinburg, NC 28353 (910) 844-3078 Southern Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 592 (624) 272 Glen Road, Troy, NC 27371 (910) 572-3784 Swannanoa Correctional Center for Women Standard Operating Capacity: 366 (366) 55 Lake Eden Road, P.O. Box 609, Black Mountain, NC 28711 (828) 259-6000 Tabor Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 1,090 (1,654) 4600 Swamp Fox Hwy W., P.O. Box 730, Tabor City, NC 28463 (910) 653-6413 Tyrrell Prison Work Farm Standard Operating Capacity: 500 (620) 620 Snell Road, P.O. Box 840, Columbia, NC 27925-0840 (252) 796-1085 Wake Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 354 (414) 1000 Rock Quarry Road, 4288 MSC, Raleigh, NC 27699-4288 (919) 733-7988 Warren Correctional Institution Standard Operating Capacity: 697 (809) 379 Collins Road, P.O. Box 399, Manson, NC 27553 (252) 456-3400 Wilkes Correctional Center Standard Operating Capacity: 206 (262) 404 Statesville Road, North Wilkesboro, NC 28659 (336) 667-4533 54 Appendix C: Listing of Adult Judicial District Offices Table V.C1: Listing of Adult Judicial District Offices District Name Address Judicial District Manager Telephone Average Number Supervised District 01 1305 McPherson Street Elizabeth City, NC 27909 Lori Greene (252) 331-4828 1,738 District 02 1308 Highland Drive, Suite 102 Washington, NC 27889 Jami Stohlman (252) 946-5199 1,654 District 03 1904 D. South Glenburnie Road New Bern, NC 28562 Randall Parker (252) 514-4822 3,300 District 04 115 Front Street. Kenansville, NC 28349 Travis Joyner (910) 275-0366 1,595 District 05 721 Market St., Suite 102 Wilmington, NC 28401 Thurman Turner (910) 251-5757 3,867 District 06 803 North King Street Winton, NC 27986 Bill Mitchell (252) 358-7876 1,651 District 07 113 E. Nash St., 5th Floor Wilson, NC 27893 Paige Wade (252) 243-0063 5,991 District 08 301 S. Center Street Goldsboro, NC 27530 Cynthia Sutton (919) 731-7905 2,907 District 09 307 E. Nash Street Louisburg, NC 27549 Maggie Brewer (919) 496-0200 1,793 District 10 3020 Hammond Business Place Raleigh, NC 27603 Rita Dimoulas (919) 733-9313 6,199 District 11 869-B Berkshire Road Smithfield, NC 27577 Donald Jones (919) 934-9970 3,282 District 12 412 W. Russell Street Fayetteville, NC 28301 Jackie Beal (910) 486-1161 3,202 District 13 712 Village Road, SW, Suite 204 Shallotte, NC 28470 Mike Frazier (910) 755-3418 2,458 District 14 3325 Chapel Hill Blvd. Suite 100A Durham, NC 27707 Celeste Kelly (919) 560-5423 4,075 District 15 321 Prison Camp Road Graham, NC 27253 Jeffrey B. Allen (336) 570-7051 2,342 District 16 117 West 5th Street Lumberton, NC 28358 Debbie Brown (910) 618-5655 3,017 District 17 319 S. Main St. Mount Airy, NC 27030 David King (336) 786-4055 2,202 District 18 315 1-A Spring Garden Street Greensboro, NC 27401 Max Gerald (336) 334-4162 5,692 District 19A 77 Union Street, South Concord, NC 28025 Catherine Combs (704) 782-0824 4,215 District 19B 176 East Salisbury St., Suite 307 Asheboro, NC 27203 Scott F. Brewer (336) 626-9977 3,230 District 20 607 E. Broad Avenue, #A Rockingham, NC 28380 David Calloway (910) 997-9130 2,973 55 District Name Address Judicial District Manager Telephone Average Number Supervised District 21 102 West 3rd Street, Suite 520 Winston-Salem, NC 27101 Sherri A. Cook (336) 761-2424 4,059 District 22 672 Radio Drive, Suite E Lexington, NC 2 |
OCLC number | 35700222 |