watcmiajf iii ,. i d _, wnce rwo dollars , he first,and25cts - riion uounorders ■ ■- ■ rates alib : y the year ti-iit 1 f 1 4 t at taj a 117 a tptt a xt j j j3runer editor 3 proprietor s keep a check upon all vour rulers ( new series do tins and liberty is safe < gen'l harrison ( volume ix number & salisbury n c thursday june 10 1852 1 raini:\t and the pres j^bian assembly b noticed the visit of presbyterian general ... president on saturday ' ' ii i r | uc ed,the lev dr . rof lllc general assem he president the follow ite remarks been obligingly furnish , . int ■■" ' we trust that you the sentiment i this ancient body the ( of the presbyterian .'. pleasant reminiscence ■ i • . l _ mizi 1 in the same . and ra part by the american con ■ convocation in i lie n to wait u on the pre states do not im ity as ministers of rsoh ra istian churches ., ourselves lor a crimi . wi failed to improve the .; your excellency has g our profound res . magistrate of this free i tnt country a self : all others should nev : the si ntiment of loyal , s of inspii ed truth we ■ , rs ai " ordained ol clod iet and peaceable ; rulers and good greatesl bles i liis benignant providence n any people - rved lhat the remnants rib s ic accustomed to ■ of lhe country as - i - .- : ra ;.' i ur hearts respond . propriety of the desig vra have this day as a body i . that immortal man of . been said providence or ould be childless that a al ways call him father — meuncholy occasions when lien the head of the republic ite were called to guide ihe swollen national grief into the chan . ous truth we were ourselves ' ito a consciousness oi the len messof that relation which unites the bis country to t heir chosen pre j dt a sentiment olien overlooked amid t party spii it hut which we idonevery occasion cultivate and ex fe many of our body are iay tn have held or now i positions — asgov iti s judges ol the highest rai tubers of s'ate or national yei as a body we have no s or associations we fffeto iio connexion between church ri state ; yet it may not be presumptu . that our peculiar rela ii lellow-citizens may exert • m eflecl upon the condition is ot the couniry we re history : we are thankful for i and wc believe in the sup ul tin raw is providence — - ' ' i which is compos . : and it is our constant ttions of religious truth itelligence and virtue and it straint which are at oi nam at ami prolec i without interest to you '. to be inlormed that we re y-one synods more than fif 1 red ministers and in connex delegntes from correspond 1 ' w w ith us many hundreds coming irom almost v ol the union and fraternal roots uf the ' willows courses binding the compact sod con ■ . s and decided t ( ur rt 1 gious s mpa t it is not inappropriate i say that we are accus . you we instruct our unkind and unsafe m to elevate a ' . . ■ : _. highest position .. and then with i their prayers , ' lie burden of your of ■-.- be a support and sat ifc , ur vou to remember that as ol • returns thousands in ■-'■■ s resorting to ihe di not to implore the i almighty gud upon . : : rarara : for this kind reception pt the assurances of . " . « aud affectiou briefly replied to the ie high gratification • iviug the visit of - ; '' ; - and imposing an ec : ' ''.'• the sentiments of love and political freedom of de e country as expressed he du and in regard toiheregu | f blessings and aid of f of the head of the na :! force and importance ; : ; < flings his deep anxi s ..'■'': the daily incidents sty and abroad it was ***.•■ i n a situation where i matters is personally w refore felt he more l '■'■'■ ih ! continual prayers vimdo beha,f fhimuponwhom port ant public duties devolved i i lie mission ol he ministry having for its | object the dissemination of truth religion and intelligence forms an interestingguar ! anty of the peace perpetuity and pros j penty of our common couniry again ' thanking them for their visit he wished them a pleasant sojourn and a happy re i turn to their homes a speech of mr webster the city councils of boston having unani mously invited mr webster to address the j people in faneuil hall it will be remembered that a year or so ago ihey refused the hall for thai purpose he accepted the invitation and spoke on the 23j ult avoiding political sub i jects we make the following extracts : the tory writers of england whose aim as you well know gentlemen has generally been to show that the people are best governed when ihey have little or no share in tho gov ernment maintain that those above can govern those below belter than those below can govern themselves that is nol our theory we hold that ihere is nothing above and noihino below , — that all stand on an equably ; each enjoys his jait of the public prosperity and suffers his \ portion of lhe public adversity each at the same time bearing his part and exercuing his j appropriate right in the political concern of his country dr johnson one of the writers | of this school says : — how small of all that human hearts endure * the pail thai kings or laws can cause or cur ! now the truth is lhat kings or laws can cause or cure most evils belonging to social or individual life ; they can establish despotism ; | they ran restrain political opinion ; they can j prevent men from expressing iheir free thoughts j kings and laws can impose intolerably burden j some taxes ; they can exclude the masses from all participation in the government they can bring about a state of things under which the public good and public liberties will be destroy ed and tiodden down by military power ; they can obstruct the progress of education and knowledge ; they can render men servile serfs and they can darken blind and almost extin guish the intellectual element of humanity is not ihis much ? are nol these greal evils — who does not feel that the political institutions of his country according as they aie good or evil are the very elements of his happiness or misery 1 it is true it is very true that a man's condi tion may depend in many respects on personal circumstances on his health on the state ol his family on his means for the education of his children ; but his fortune good or evil is inllu enced deeply mainly aud essentially by the laws of lis couniry and lhat i take it is the greal solution of the question now no longer a mailer ol doubt but heretofore a question sub iotiug all over europe — the true nature ofthe happiness and prosperity of the people ol the united stales but i say to you and to our whole country and to all the crowned heads and aristocratic powers and feudal systems lhat exist lhat it is to self-government the great j principle of popular representation and admin istralion — lhe system lhat lets in all to pariici pate in the counsels that are to assign the good or evil ol all lhat we may owe what we are j and what we hope tube cheeis why gentlemen who does not see this ? — who supposes that anything but the indepen | donee ol the country would have made us what we are ? suppose lhat mother england had treated us with the utmost indulgence lhat j lhe counsels mosl favorable to the colonies had prevailed ; that we had been made a spoiled j child ; i say to you as i have said before and | shall continue to say till the lime of my death ; lhat it is not in the nature of auy colonial sys lem ui government to raise a couniry and raise j a nation lolhe highest pilch of prosperity it is independence ; sell-government ; lhe liber | ty of lhe people lo make laws for ihemselves { lhat has elevated us irom the subdued feeling ol colonial subjection and placed us where we ! are it is independence hail independence ! hail thou next best gift to lhat of life and an immortal soul ! gentlemen 1 have said that our blessings grow essentially from our form of government from the satisfaction of the people wilh that form and their desire lo help on the general progress ol the country there is no true ame ricati who does not rejoice in the general pros peritvol the country who dies not delight day and night in reflecting that our progress is onward that the people are more happy and more and more enlightened successful and renowned every day this is a source of par licular happiness to every honest american heart whatever his individual condition may be however fortunate or unfortunate ; in what ever circumstances of elevation or depression he may lind himself he still partakes of the aeneral prosperity ot the country cheers.j fie has in short a dividend il i may use a commercial expression he has a dividend payable not quarterly bu daily out of the fund of general happiness and prosperity which the ct * j 4 *** -* country enjoys rather a curious incident happened lately in which my name was enrolled with those o men of letters for there is of course no end io blunders there appeared an article m the royal gazette of madrid intended to be civil o he american secretary of state ... which he was declared to be the author of that grea and illustrious production known a_d honored in most countries as webster's , d.d.onary of , the english language le ■^■ of . n jj webster how will you not be ofhndnl ra this intrusion on your tights and your repose he make my dictionary !" he mil explain *• he never could have made my spelling hook j and this would be true i must beg leave therefore to disclaim the compliment ol the royal court gazette of madrid and decline to be classed with men of letters in ine literary sense of that phrase i certainly am no man of letters although when official duties require it ii is true that i have sometimes written a letter * * * * ! gentlemen mr locke says lhat time is measured by lhe passage ol ideas throuot men's minds ll that be so we live a great while in a few revoltilions of the earlh around ihe sun if new ideas new thoughts new con temptations new hopes constitute life why then we have lived much whether we have lived many or few years according as they are j usually estimated the age is remarkable — new ihoughis press and new inventions crowd upon u we used to say proverbially lhat a thing was dor.e as quick as fhought ; but lhat is a lingering mode of expression now a days a great many things are done much quicker j than some men's fhoughis thought cannot keep up wilh electricity while we are talk ing the thoughts cannot travel as fast as elec tricity can give them lo the world while i am now speaking the world which last left my ; lips has already been seized by lightning and ! before i can ulter a few sentences more will ! be read not only in new york and washing ! ■ i ton but aiso in savannah new orleans cin cinnati and si louis ; and my words will all be read with some interest not because they are mine but because they proceed from fan euil hall from which place al know that in important periods of the past no voice was heard but lhat of determined resolute nation j al patriotism so gentlemen we live much though our j yearo may be few for my part i hardly envy i lhe patriarchs for the many years of their lives they neither saw as much uor enjoyed as much as we see and enjoy in l rut h 1 do not think very highly of the ielicity of melhu.aleh's lon gevity fellow citizens let us be grateful for all our blessings and perform our duties cheerfully and readily as men as patriots and as christians we all feel that we have a country nol bos ton alone nor massachusetts alone but com posed and bound up by that vast union of inde pendent states which are united under a com mon constitution the inhabitants of these states are all fellow ciiizens and he is narrow in his prejudices and his politics who would re ject any of ihose citizens from lhe great ameri can brotherhood we see here to-day delegate members from one of the greatest christian denominations in the united states coming from the norlh pro bably certainly from the south and west and who is not glad to see them applause they come as friends and who would wish to see them in any other capacity 1 and as for my self gentlemen i say to ihem i bid you wel come the members of lhe methodist con ference now rose in a body i bid you wel come to faneuil hall the birthplace of ameri can liberty welcome to boston the seat of "•!', enterprise and literature welcome 1,1 m . a.ch_.etl lhe home of public education we welcome you for your many christian vir tues and for the good you have accomplished in this country and abroad in the course of my life i have not been an uninferested reader of your history i know something of charles wesley dying at a great age shortly after our independence was secured these were his last words " the workmen die but lhe work goes on cheers the workmen who framed lhe institutions and lhe constitution of our country have passed away but iheir work j lives after them those same institutions and j that same constitution have been upheld by us and i trust will be sustained by our children i forever although the woikmen may die yet j may the work go on i have read many years since the biography j of john wesley an extraordinary person the j great founder and apostle of the methodist so cieties who died i think in 1791 at the ad vanced age of 83 years his last words were j " the best of all is that god is with us — j these sentiments have been wonderfully illus trated in the subsequent history of methodism | of which souihey said so strongly that it was j " religion in earnest now gentlemen we must not prolong this occasion further my friend mr billiard has | lately quoted an extract from some stanzas j written long ago and which i remember from ■ my youth although i had not remembered their , authorship these may properly be referred lo on the present occasion one line is — •• ye solid men of boston make no long orations this i take to myself and am bound to obey lhe injuclion the concomitant line falls in remarkably with the prevailing spirit of these limes and this place — « ye solid men of boston drink no strong potations let us all give just heed to these admonitions . laughier but no gentlemen we cannot scan the future to some degree the past may interpret it ; but in ils whole length it lies far beyond our vision we must commit ourselves and our country to lhe hands of providence we may indulge hopes high and exalted hopes humbly and meekly before god that the prosperity and hap piness which we of this generation enjoy will descend to our latest posterity with ten thou sand times the brilliancy of yonder setting sun ! j the jennings estate in england mr s s jennings of mobile formerly of york district claims to be the rightful heir to the jennings estate in england lie savs that not one single link is want ing in his lineage from charles of 16s1 down to the day of his birth : that he is the eldest male lineal descendant of charles and mary jennings who came from england and was clerk of the court of elizabeth city county in the town of hampton va in 1681 his books are now in the clerk's office at hampton at which place 143 acres of land were grant ed to them as emigrants from england | mr jennings estimates the estate to be worth from forty to fifty millions of dol lars the real estate for the last fitty , «. vv \> tra has yielded about 40,000 an nuallv lord howe has a portion ofthe ; property under his control as trustee for wbich he has given ample security mr jennings passed through this place a few days since the remedy presbyterian general assem bly thursday morning mav twenat-sevexth 1552 a resolution was adopted declining with sincere thanks on account of the pressure of business the invitation of the commiuee of arrangements for a steam boat excursion the forenoon was chiefly occupied with the report of committees on synodical records the unfinished bu siness being the report of the board of publication was taken up and discussed without final action the resolutions on the memorial of the charleston union presbyterian were next considered a motion was made to recommit for further information after some discussion the motion was rejected and the debate on the resolutions was suspended the com mittee on devotional exercises reported the order of exercises of the coming sabbath — adopted the election to fill vacancies in the board of education was made the 2nd order of the day for friday and elec tion to fill vacancies in the directory of princeton seminary was made the order for the afternoon the following was the action of the assembly : 1 resolved that the claims of the home and foreign field demand a large in crease in the ministry of the presbyterian church and that at a time when the can didates seem to be decreasing instead of increasing in number and death to be multiplying its ravages in the ministerial ranks it is especially incumbent on the church to use all scriptural means to train up her youth with more direct refer ence to the preaching of the everlasting gospel 2 resolved that the assembly recog nise wilh gratitude the goodness of god in pouring out his grace upon several of our institutions of learning during tbe past year and whilst the churches are invoked to pray without ceasing to the lord of the harvest for the continuance of his fa vor the last thursday of february next is recommended for general observance as a day of special prayer for the divine blessing upon the youth ofour land who are pursuing their studies in literary insti tutions and especially that many of them may be called and qualified by the grace of god for the work of the ministry 3 resolved that this assembly re-af firms its testimony in regard to the impor tance of establishing education upon a religious basis as recommended by pro ceding assemblies and viewing the church as a party interested in education within its sphere it invites its judicatories according to their wisdom under their va rious circumstances to see that the youth within their bounds have accesstto institu tions of learning where the truths and duties of religion shall be assiduously in culcated 4 resolved that the board of educa tion in its important departments of be nevolent operation be recommended to the patronage of our churches and that the presbyteries and synods endeav or to have its objects annually presented in such manner as may be deemed expe dient with a view to increasing the means of educating pious young men for the min istry afternoon sessson — the vacancies were filled in the board of missions the committee on foreign correspon dence reported a list of delegates to for eign bodies the committee on the re port of the directors of the union theo logical seminary reported a resolution commending the faithfulness of the pro fessors and recommending to the synods of north carolina and virginia increased efforts to add to the number of students adopted the committee on bills and overtures reported various matters ; those of chief interest related to the erection of a presbyterian church at washington city and the expediency of exerting an influence in securing the rights of con science to american citizens in foreign counties on the latter subject a debate arose which was arrested by the hour ot adjournment char courier a great man john schafer of mont gomery county who died a few days ago aged sixty two is described as follows by the rev mr rinehart the deceased was the largest man we ever saw 1 he coffin was sufficiently large to contain five men of ordinary size-measuring in width three feet four inches in the clear and three feet in height - three men could have worked in it at the same time with convenience it required six men to take him from the bed on which he ex pired this was done by raising a plat form removing the head board ol the bed stead and taking him out end wise 1 he could not get the coffin mto the house bu by taking off the door facing of an old ! vacated house that stood in tire yard they ' got it into that and carneed the corps ! thither on three empty bags a wagon i and four horses sfood prepared and ten i men placed the coffin and its contents up i on it in letting down the coffin mto the grave they had two lines doubled-one it each end and one large well rope m the miiddle : and seventeen men to let ■ down ibis great sprinkle of humanity into its last home on this earth his weight was not known — mobile tribune new fluid an eminent scientific man baron charles von reichenbaclc has lately published a learn ' i ed work which has made some iraise under lhe | name of dynamics of magnegism he be ■ . lieves he has discovered a new ti ii,j or dy : namic element in nature di*-iinct from mac ! ; nelism electricity light or heat though some • what resembling ihem he gi.es it the sin 1 gular name of od those « ho are subject lo and perceive its influence he calls sensitive ! such are capricious and whimsical haid to le \ pleased persons easy to be put out of humor the phenomenon may be manifested ihus : lay a naiural crystal as large a one as possi j ble horizontally across a tuhle or the arm o j a chair so as to leave the extremities free — , let lhe sensitive person hold ihe palm of lhe | left hand lowaids the ends of the crystal at a distance of three tour or sii inches in ihe '. course of a minute he will acknowledge lhat j . from the apex of the crystal a cool current ! : strikes the hand ; but when lhe hand is held toward its base a sensation of lukewarmness ' is experienced the tirst feeling is pleasant ; the olher disagreeable and accompanied by ' almost a nauseating sensation which if lhe band be continued in the same position seizes on the arm and produces a feeiing of fatigue peisons not sensitive perceive nothing these opposite effects can be produced with ; out touching ihe crystals ; and with very sen sitive persons at a distance ol several feet and therefore reichenback was of opinion lhat something emanated or radiated unknown to j physical science in darkness ihis fluid has ! become visible of vaiious colors and bell j shape now sparkling then disappeariii-r in a j sort ol fine mist the same lorce may be found to eminate irom other sources experiments made with a magnet are beautiful and lh'ht and color are emitted od may spring bom a common source with magnetism and electrici ty light and heat ; but iheir common origin cannot be proved and so al present ihey must be treated of as a special group of phe nomena — newark sentinel touching incident — the louisville dem ocrat relates the following touching incident : " an agpd mother — a woman of seventy years — left her home in the emerald isle some ten weeks ago lo seek fhe abode of her chil dren who are now residents at louisville — \ afier a tedious passage and the trouble inci ! dent io a long journey the reached this city irom new orleans last monday night ou boaid lhe alexander scotl and soon she was sur | i rounded by her children her son was the j first lo see her and he hastened lo inform his ' j sister of their mothei's arrival they met — i i the mother and lhe daughter — in one long em i brace which only ended as the infirm mother j sank with excitement to ihe floor she had j swooned away in lhe rapturous enjoyment ol j beholding once more a daughter so long lost ! she pronounced a blessing upon her children | and iainted away whenever restored locon i | sciousness lhe sight of her children and the ' pleasing recolleciion of their presence would i j overcome her with emotions and again and | j again she would faint in their arms i'hysi ; cians were called to her aid but could afford : her no relief tor iwo days she continued in ; this condition until worn out by latigue and i ! excitement exhausted nature gave way and i lhe mother now sleeps well in the new green : earth of her new made home how strangp how sorrowful and hbw touching are the inci dents of life a wonder according to some italian journals a ■ new organized being has been discovered j in the interior of aliica which seems to , form an intermediate link between vege table and animal life this singular pro duction has the shape of a spotted serpent it drags itself along on the ground and instead of a head has a flower shaped like a bell which contains a vicious liquid fiies and and other insects attracted by the smell ofthe juice enter into the flow er where they are caught by the adhe sive matter the flower then closes and remains shot until the prisoners are bruised and transformed into chyle the indigestible portions such as the head and wings are thrown out by two aspired openings the vegetable serpent has a skin resembling leaves a while and soft flesh and instead of a bony skeleton a cartilagenous frame filled with yellow marrow the natives consider it ib-licious food at least so says the paper from which we copy the above but we consider the whole story a fabiicalion commencement at the university — we copy from ihe " university magazine he following announcements in relaiion to the commence ment exercises : the sermon to the graduating class will be delivered by rev s mil'on frost a member of the class the address before fhe iwo literary socie ties will be delivered wednesday forenoon by thomas s ashe e.q of wadesborough the address before the alumni association ', will be delivered wednesday afternoon by hon abraham rencher late charge d affairs to the kingdom of portugal the alumni association chose iheir orator from lhe class thai graduated thirty years ago mr rencher graduated in 1s22 a wit being told that an old acquain tance was married exclaimed " i am glad to hear it but on reflecting a moment he added in a tone of compassion and for givness and yet i don't know why i i should be he never done me any harm | i life and death of an oyster the life of a shell-fish is nol one of un varying rest observe thc phases of an individual oyster from the moment of its earliest embryo life independent of ma ! ternal ties to the consummation of its des tiny when the knife of fate shall sever its j muscular chords and doom it to entomb i ment in a living sepulchre how starts ! it forth inlo tbe world of waters not as unenlightened people believe in the shape of a minute bivalded protected grave fixed and steady oyster ling no it enters upon its carter all life and mo tion flitting about in the sea as gayly and lightly as a butterfly or swallow skims through ihe air its first appearance is a microscop;c oyster cherub with winglike lobes flanking a mouth and shoulders un encumbered withinferiorcrur.il prolonga tions it passes through a joyous and vi vacious juvenility skipping up and down as if in mockery of its heavy and immova ble parents it voyages from oyster bed and if in luck so as to escape the watch ful voracity of the thousand enemies that lie in wait or prow 1 about to prey upon youth and inexperience at angth having sown its wild oats settles juuwn info a steady solid domestic oyster it becomes the parent ol fresh broods of oyster-cher ubs as such it would live and die leav ing i;s hell thickened through old age to serve as its m mument through all times — a contribution towards the construction of a fresh geological epoch and a new layer of the earth's crust — were it not for the gluttony of man who rending this so ber citizen of the sea irom his native bed carries him unresisting to busy cities and hum of crowds if a handsome well shaped and well flavored oyster he is in troduced to the places of th rich and no ble like a wil or a philosopher or a poet to give additional relish to their sumptu ous leasts if a sturdy thick backed strong-tasted individual fate consigns hirn to the capacious tub of the street fishmon ger from whence dosed with coarse black pepper and pungent vinegar embalmed partly after the fashion of an egyptian king he is transferred to the bungrv stom ach of a costermonger — quar r'vicw political maxims politics used to be a science it is now nothing more than a game consistency used to be a jewel of high value ; it is now generally regarded as a thing not worth wearing every one can illustrate this by examples occurring within his own observation trickery used to be regarded as a de spicable expedient to gain a position of trust honor or profit ; now it is the only expedient to which politicians have re course integrity and ability were once regard ed as a necessary prerequisite for a can didate asking office to possess ; now ef frontery and presumption based upon a broad foundation of ignorance are the most successful competitors for places of profit duplicty and deceit in the ordinary af fairs of life are reprehended as they de serve ; but in politicians deceit and du plicity have become characteristic attri butes principles were once regarded as the test of a man's political standing ; now political principles are themselves judged by private opinion and every man's say so is a standard the first principles of every science are as immutuable as truth itself ; yet in the science of politics tint few seem willing to acknowledge the immutability of any principle as soon as any doctrine be comes expedient it is at once adopted as a principle until expediency makes it ne cessary o make a change principles before men was once the popular motto of political parties ; now men first and principles afterwards is the basis of party organization in theory the people are acknowledged as the basis and source of political pow er in practice they are regarded as only necessary to ratify and confirm fhe nomi nations made by political tricksters political faith in certain principles was once a test of good standing in any partv ; now tiie most heterodox and op posite opinions are held by men claiming the rights and privileges ol membership in the same party : and it frequently oc curs that thev who have departed the most distance from political orthodoxy are they who we honored with the gifts which were once bestowed upon fidelity to prin ciple amendments by the legislature — in this connection we would remark lhat the consti tution of lhe united states provides two modes of amending lhat instrument one by legisla tive enactment lhe olher by a convention — that thirteen articles or amendments have been added to the constitution since ils adoption and that these were carried through l>y the first mode the same mode by which democrats propose toestablish equal suffrage we have never yet heard anv nun whig i i democrat object to this mode oi amending ibe c'.n-ratution of the united stales — republican st fat nor have we ever heard any objections lo this mode of amending the constitution of the lni led states — nor do we s^e how any one can ob ject to it but whal has al that to do with amending our state constitution by leg:s!alive enactment ? we have never heard lhal iho state government o north carolina was a federal government in any sense ofthe word we have always supposed lhat the state gov ernment proceeded from the people exclusively and acted upon he people in their collective capacity exclusively we have never heard it contended that lhe counties or districts or any distinct divisions of the state made lor con venience and political purposes have any such relation to lhe state government as the several stales of the union have to ihe general gov eminent the slate government acts in every essential particular upon the whole mass of the j people composing it eubcrnian