Carolina Watchman

              **?~ for the watchman court in session we court of i'i as and quarter sessions 1*1 p ii.tiur _ county is now in session and ready for the t o ul'v the unsophisticated reader may di ''"'"• tlk justices of this court so i will tell him all bntk"°hu i is composed of mrs wembum mrs bo0t rf mrs tyburn regular members and re rb"8 a addition occasionally from the justices loci ve-tburn the chief justice is a widow about si.x <** ,. o age prides herself on her respectability and ty lpn heard to boast that she is one of the " first fa irs russtt has seen about forty years pass is , , ; nas a large family mrs tyburn is a.bro tvi-i fortune hunter they are all comfortable in ken u1 meel ug ofthe court was a sew westburn's or in other words to make two i a cravat ! uv p adies what is the news says mrs west .. 1 ,| , not know any replied mrs russet sot .. | understand mr hawkins is going to put .... •• avs mrs tyburn this piece of infor uu a ta<m'r , _ bn was looked upon as a precious morsel by the 111 , , . « where will he get money enough to put d in a breath •' well i dp me | he borrowed it was the ., jlrs v v d factory is it mrs tp«itg ■" v:r ves and it will get .. jr u .. ('. rtainh it will and then he will je broke and his creditors will suffer this introduced • aconversati n n mr hawkins who was discussed until it pl&inl url atleast»that he was a disho_es a langet the property of his g a factory and finally that he was .,.;,,, would take his neighbor's property by , j or crook and who was mr hawkins an , .. hard-working man who did not owe a dollar in ihe world and was simple enough to believe he had a lit to bmld a factory without asking leave of the court after this case was disposed of there was an inter f half an hour in order to discharge the busi inner while they were at dinner two jrtlemen l)r westtake and mr clifton rode by — tv court was instantly on the qui vive todiscoverwho thev wen lure they had come from and where they were oini as facts were wanting they resorted to conjecture they finally came to the conclusion that nvey had been to trubj smith's hut were devided in opinion as to their destination mrs w asserting they crt going to see the misses jones '* for the doctor m courting there mrs r thinking they were go jgrto fish although they had no tackle ; and mrs t mieving . i i rt l they were going to town where the two young gentlemen were going i am not able to say this case was under discussion about two hours — i tbe difficulty of deciding was occasioned by the testi mony bei mtial the mo broken by the entrance of a ne ro girl belong g to mr moreton well my girl what do you want said mrs v the girl answered by handing her a ner from her mistress while she trureading it mrs li and mrs t plied the girl with questions *' where is your master ?" at home your mistress ' '• at heme loo who was at your house lut night asked mrs r " mr clifton replied the irl " what was he after ?" " i do not know ma'am don't know that won't do with me replied the lady harshly " ain't he courting your young mis trcis i don'l know ma'am said the girl alarmed know he is said mrs t interfering the exami nation was continued near an hour hut just as they had the color of mrs moreton _ new dress mr rubs an.l mr tyburn came for their wives and the court adjourned spirit of euripedes e-orv am hexiu college / may 6th 1851 j moun t a i n s . from the knickerbocker the bill ill ■ everlasting hills ! how peerlessly they rise lik eai ■ bentinels discoursing in the ski s hail nature's storm proof fortresses by freedom's children trod ; hail ! ye invulnerable walls the masonry of god when the dismantled pyramids shall blend with desert dust — when every temple made with hands ihless to iis trust . r bball not s!o..p your titan crests — magnificent as now .' till y.mr almighty architect in thunder bid you bow i love ye iii your quietude where e'er a silent world morn's silvery mists entwine your peaks like banner's lightly furled : nor less when throned on blackest clouds round ye roll and veer the storm-god pours his thunder trump iris his lightning spear .' 1 the torrents strong and fierce ■ to the plain ye fling lie flowers drink at their goal and eagles at their spring and when arrested in their speed by winter's wand of frost the brilliant and fantastic forms in which tlieir waves are tossed 1 love upon the breezeless lake to s.e your shadows sleep v hile slowly sails the crested swan above each mirrored steep i love your shapes precipitous bare desolate and grand that stand far out in ocean like pilgrims from the land glorious ye are when noon's fierce beams . our naked summits smite as o'er ye day's great lamp hangs poised in cloudless chrysolite : glorious when er ye sun set clouds like broidered curtains lie sublime when through dim moon light beams your spectral majesty i love your iron sinewed race have shar d their rugged fare the thresholds of whose eyre homes look oul on boundless air bold hunters wh from highest clefts the wild goats trophies bring a mnets with the plumes of your ferial king ve seen amid helvetian alps tht switzers daring leap poned on his pole o'er bridgelesu voids a thousand toises deep : bile in his keen unquailing glance that challenged where it fell i saw the tame high purpose beam that nerved the patriot tell 1 love the mountain maidens heir steps elastic spring 1 light as if some crewless bird upbuoyed them with iis wing t*>'s is the wild unfettered grace that art hath never spoiled and theirs the healthful purity that fashion hath not soiled uses of mountains ■*• feat elevations of the earth surface are the carolina watchman j j bruner ) v " keep a check urox all our editor <*)• proprietor ) rulers { new series uothis and llbektvis safe < gen i harrison ( volume viii number 2 salisbury n c thursday may 15 1851 inr buoserviem to tue welt-being of the animal crea tion and to the health and happiness of men rising into regions of perpetual ice and snow they serve in hot climates to cool the banning air and to fan with deli cious hne/cs the heated breath of exhausted creation ' and ward off pestilence by purifying the atmosphere : and exciting fnsh sources of vitality in the panting and languid system they are the reservoirs of rivers snp 1 plying the failing or exhaused streams in the low coun tries during the summer and dry seasons with copious torrents from the melting snows they are storehouses of the richest minerals and thus may be considered as mines of wealth they increase the surface of the earth and give richness and diversity to its vegetable productions they frequently afford shelter from the piercing blasts and by reflecting the sun's rays they afford a genial warmth by attracting the driving clouds they cause the land to receive an in creased amount ofthe dews of heaven the highest ra luntain in the united states is in north - carolina the following is a list of some of the highest in our borders : black mountain north carolina 6_476 feet mount washington new hampshire 6,428 feet ; mount marcy new york 5,300 mansfield mount vermont 4,279 peaks of otter virginia 4,260 ; round top catskill new york 3,800 from the southern cultivator management of negroes mr editor — as the proppr manage ment of our negroes is a subject not se ! cond in importance to any discussed in your columns i hope it will not be deem ed amiss if in giving my views i enter somewhat into derail that on some 1 points i shall lie found to differ in opinion irom some of your readers and correspon ' i dents is to be expected i shall not how j ! ever object to tiny one's expressing his i j dissent provided it be done iti the spirit j of kindness our first obligation is undoubtedly to | | provide them with suitable food and cloth | ing here the question arises — what is • sufficient food ? for as there is a differ | ence in practice there must be also in ; opinion among owners tbe most com j mon practice is to allow each hand that j labors whether man woman or child i for a boy or girl ten years old or over ! who is healthy and growing rapidly will eat quite as much as a full grown man or ; woman 3 lbs bacon if middling or 4 lbs if shoulder per week and bread at \ will ; or if allowanced in this also a peck ! jot meal is usually thought sufficient with plenty of vegq^bles this allowance is quite sufficient ; but if confined to meat j and bread negroes who work hard will eat a peck and a half of meal per week as i live on my farm and occasionally inspect the cooking for the negroes i see that they have enough but nothing to waste and i speak from personal obser vation when i state ihat if without vege tables they will eat this quantity with very little trouble we can always j during spring and summer have plenty of j cabbage kale or mustard for greens also j squashes irish potatoes and beans in i fall and winter sweet potatoes turnips i pumpkins and peas i believe there is no labor devoted to a provision crop that pays equal to that bestowed on a plain kitchen garden as there is no vegetable of which negroes are more fond than of the common field pea it is well to save enough of them in the fall to have them frequently during the spring and summer they are very nutricious ; and if cooked perfectly done nnd well seasoned with red j pepper tire quite healthy if occasional j ly a little molasses be added to the allow ] ance the cost will be but a trifle while the negro will esteem it as a great luxu ry as most persons feel a great reluct j ance at paying out money for little luxu ries for negroes i would suggest the pro | priety of sowing a small patch o wheat j for their benefit the time and labor will never be missed many persons are in the habit of giving out the allowance to their negroes once a week and requiring i them to do tlieir own cooking this plan j is objectionable on various accounts — j unless better provided for taking care ofj their provisions than is common among negroes some will steal the meat from others and the loser is compelled for the j remainder of the week to live on bread or the master must give him an additional allowance the master can not expect ( full work from one who is but partially fed while on the other hand if he will i give the loser an additional supply the negroes soon learn to impose upon his j : kindness by being intentionally careless or by trading oil their meat and pretend j ing it has been stolen another objection is that some are improvident and will get \ i through with their whole allowance of ! meat before the week is gone and conse j quently are a part of their time without j any to making the negroes do their own cooking the objections are still more \ weighty it encroaches upon the rest j they should have both at noon and at i night the cooking being done in a hur j ry is badly done ; being usually burnt out j side while it is raw within and conse quently is unhealthy however abund ; at.t may be their supply of vegetables the hands have no time to cook them and ! consequently are badly fed and have not ' 1 the strength to do as much labor as they could otherwise perform with comlort the plan pursued by the writer is to weigh out a certain amount ot meat lot each day ; a portion of which is given to the cook every morning to be boiled for dinner and with it are cooked as many vegetables and as much bread as the ne groes will eat ; all of which is usually di vided among them by the foreman in i the evening enough is cooked for both ! supper and breakfast ; so that by the time j we have done feeding stock supper is ready and the hands have only to eat and they are ready for bed when the nights are long the meat for supper and break fast is sometimes divided without cook ! ing in addition to the above the negroes ! during spring and summer usually get ! plenty of milk once a day during fall : and winter the quantity of milk is more j limited and what molasses they get they j are made to icin by picking cotton to make one negro cook for all is sav ! ing of time if there be but ten hands and these are allowed two hours at noon j one of which is employed in cooking their i dinner for all purposes of rest that hour j had as well be spent in ploughing or hoe 1 ing and would be equal to ten hours work of one hand : whereas the fourth ofj that time would be sufficient for one to cook for all as there are usually a num ber of negro children to be taken care of the cook can attend to these and see that i the nurse do their duty i would add that j besides occasional personal inspection it is made obligatory on the overseer fre quently to examine the cooking and see that it is properly done one of your correspondents has endea vored to prove that lean meat is more nu tritious than fat it is however a well known fact that the more exhausting the labor the fatter the meat which the ne gro's appetite craves and it agrees well with him this i regard as one of the j instincts of nature and think experience i is opposed to your correspondent's theory as to clothing less than three suits a year of every day clothes will not keep a negro decent and many of them require more children particularly boys are worse than grown persons on their clothes and consequently require more of them i have never been able to keep a boy from ten to sixteen years of age decently clothed with less than four suits a year ; nor would that answer if some of the women were not compejled to do their mending it is also important that wo men who work out should in addition to their usual clothing have a change of drawers for winter as no article of water-proof suitable for an outer garment and sufficiently cheap for plantation use is to be had in the stores the writer would suggest tbe propriety of having for each hand a long apron with sleeves made of cotton osna burgs and coated with well boiled linseed oil in ihe fall when picking cotton this apron may be worn early in the morning ' until the dew dries off then laid aside — | by making it sufficiently loose across the breast it can be used as an overcoat at any time that the negro is necessarily ex posed to rain patching may be done by the women i of wet days when they are compelled to | be in the house or when a woman from j certain causes is unfit to go to the field j she may be made to do a general patch j ing for all the hands in furnishing negroes with bed clothes ; it is folly to buy the common blankets ! such as sell for a dollar or a dollar and a quarter they have but little warmth j or durability one that will cost double j the money will do more than four times the service besides whole clothes negroes should ; have clean clothes and in order to do this j they should have a little time allowed j them to do their washing as it is not ' convenient for all hands to wash at the j same time they may be divided into com ' panies a certain evening assigned to each company those whose time it is to wash should be let oil from the field earlier than the rest of the hands and on that night should be free from all attention to feed : ing stock the rule works equal ; for : those who have to do extra feeding on one night are in their turn exempt it should however be an invariable rule not to al low any of them to wash on saturday ! night for they will be dirty on the sab j bath and render as an excuse that their . clothes are wet on some large planta j tions it is the daily business of one hand to , wash and mend for the rest in building houses for negroes it is im | portant to set tuern well up say 2 or 3 j feet from the ground to the sills so as to | be conveniently swept underneath when thus elevated if there should be any filth under them the master or overseer in passing can see it and have it removed ! the houses should be neat and comforta i ble and as far as circumstances will al low it looks best to have them of uniform , size and appearance ; 16 by 18 feet is a i convenient size for a small family if there be many children in a family a larg j er house will be necessary many persons in building negro houses j in order to get clay convenient for filling the hearth and for mortar dig a hole un der the floor as such excavations uni j formly become a common receptacle for , filth which generates disease they should j by no means be allowed in soils where the clays will make brick the saving of fuel aiid the greater security against fire render it a matter of economy to build chimneys in all cases the chimneys should be extended fully two feet above the roof that there may be less danger in discharging sparks they are also less j liable to smoke in consequence of negro | houses being but one story high the low i ness of the chimneys renders them vory ' liable to smoke from currents of wind driving tlown the flue this may be ef j fectually prevented by the following sim i pie precaution around the top of the ] chimney throw out a base some 8 or 10 inches wide and from the outer edge of this draw in the cap an angle of 35 or 40 degrees with the horizon until true with , the flue no matter in what direction i the wind blows on striking this inclined plane the current will glance upwards and pass the chimney without the possi bility of blowing down it a coat of white wash inside and out every summer adds very much to the neat and comfortable appearance of the buildings and is also by its cleansing and purifying effect con ducive to health the cost is almost no thing as one barrel of good lime will ! whitewash a dozen common si_ed negro houses and any negro can put it on it there be not natural shades sufficient to keep the houses comfortable a row of mulberries or such other shades as may suit the owner's fancy should by all means ; be planted in front and so as to protect ! the houses on the south and southwest the negroes should be required to keep iheir houses and yards clean ; and in case j of neglect should receive such punishment as will be likely to insure more cleanly habits in future in no case should two families be al | lowed to occupy the same house the ! crowding of a number into one house is j unhealthy it breeds contention ; is de ! structive of delicacy of feeling and it | promotes immorality between the sexes ! in addition to their dwellings where there are a number of negroes they should be provided with a suitable number of i properly located water closets these \ may contribute an income much greater i than their cost by enabling the owner to i prepare poudrette ; while they serve the j much more important purpose of culti vating feelings of delicacy thero should at all times be plenty of wood hauled surely no man of any pre tensions to humanity would require a ne i gro after having done a heavy day's work to toil for a quarter or a half atnile under a load of wood before he can have a fire an economical way of supplying them with wood is to haul logs instead of small j wood this may be most conveniently • done with a cart and pair of hooks such as are used for hauling stocks to a saw mill such hooks will often come in use and the greater convenience and expedi tion of hooks instead of a chain will soon j save more time than will pay for them i the master should never establish any i regulation among his slaves until he is fully convinced of its propriety and equity i being thus convinced and having issued { his orders implicit obedience should be required and rigidly enforced firmness of manner and promptness to enforce obedience will save much trouble and be the means of avoiding the necessity for much whipping the negro should feel j that his master is his law-giver and judge and yet his protector and friend but so j far above him as never to be approached save in the most respectful manner that | where he has just cause he may with due j deference approach his master and lay j before him his troubles and complaints ; | but not on false pretexts or trivial occa i sions if the master be a tyrant his ne groes may fie so much embarrassed by his presence as to be incapable of doing their work properly when he is near it is expected that servants should rise car i ly enough lo lie at work hy the time it is light i in sections of country ihat are sickly it will be i found conducive lo health in the fall lo make j the hands eat their breakfast before going into lhe dew in winter as the days are short and j nights long it will be no encroachment upon j their necessary rest to make them eal break | fasl before daylight one properly taken care i of and supplied with good tools is certainly able to do more work lhan under other circum stances while at work they should be biisk j if one is called to you or sent irom you and ■ he does not move briskly chastise him at once j if this does not answer repeat the dose and double he quantity when at work i have no i objection to their whistling or sing some lively j tune bul no drawling tunes are allowed in lhe i field for iheir motion is almost certain to keep lime with the music in winter a hand may be pressed all day but not so in summer in the first of the spring a hand need not be allowed any mor lime at noon than is sufficient to eat as the days get lon"er and warmer a longer rest is ne cessary in may from one and a half to two hours in june two and a half in july and au gust three hours rest at noon if lhe clay is unusually sultry a longer time is better — when the weather is oppressive it is best for all hands to lake a nap at noon it is refresh ' ing and they are belter able to stand pressing j lhe balance ol lhe day hands by being kept j out of the sun during the holiest of the day < have better health and do more work the sea son than those who take whal they call a good ; steady gate and work regularly from morning till night they will certainly last much long er if the corn for feeding is in the shuck ihe husking should be done al noon ; and all corn for milling should during summer be shelled at noon that as lhe nights are short the hands may be ready for bed at an early hojr if waler be not convenient in lhe field where the hands are at work instead of having it brought from a distance in bur-ket it will be j found more convenient lo have a barrel fixed on j wheels and carried lull of water to some con j venient place and let a small boy or girl with j a bucket supply the hand from lhe barrel — some persons make each ne_;ro carry a in or large gourd full of water to the field every morning and this ha to serve for the day during fall and winter hinds may be made to pack at night what cotton has been ginned in the day the women may be required to spin what lillie roping will be necessary for plough lines and lo make some heavy bed quills for ihemselves brides this there is very little that can properly he done of nights one of ihe most important regulations on a farm is to see that the hands gel plenty of sleep they are thoughtless and it allowed to do so will set up at all hours and oihers instead .:' going lo bed will et a stool or chair and nod or sleep till morning by halt past nine or ten o'clock all hands should he iu he and unless in case of sickness or where a woman has been up with her child it any is caught out after that hour ihey should he punished a large sized cow bell that could be heard two miles and would not cost more than three or lour dollars would serve not only as a signal fir bed-time bul also for getting up of a morn ing for ceasing work at noon and resuming it after dinner where lhe distance io be heard is not great a common lar of cast steel hung up by passing a wire through one end may be struck with a hammer and wil answer in place of a bell most persons allow iheir negroes to cultivate a small crop of their own fur a number oi reasons ihe plan is a bad one it is next to impossible to keep them from working their crop on sabbaths they labor of nights when hey should be at rest there is no saving more than to give them the same amount lor like al other animals he is only capable of do ing a certain amount ol labor without injury to this point he may be worked at his regular task and any labor beyond this is an injury to bolh master and slave they will pilfer to add lo what corn or cotton ihey have made il they sell iheir crop and trade for themselves they are apt to be cheated out ui a good por lion of their labor they will have many things in iheir possession under color of purchase which we know not whether they obtained hon j estly as far as possible it is best lo place tempt ation out of their reach we have all iheir j lime and service and can surely afford to furnish ihem with such things as they ought to have j let us spend on ihem in extra presents as much as their crop if ihey had one would yield by this means we may keep them from whiskey and supply them with articles of ser vice lo a much greater extent than they would get if allowed to trade for themselves while we avoid the objections above stated believing that the strolling about of negroes for a week at a lime during what are called christinas holidays is productive of much evil the writer has set his face against lhe custom christmas is observed as a sacred festival — on that day as good a dinner as the plantation will alibrd is served for the negroes and they all set down lo a common table but the next day we go to work from considerations both of morality and needful re.t and recreation lo lhe negro i much prefer giving a week iu ju ly when the crop is laid by to giving three j days at christmas on small farms where there are very few negroes it may be proper to allow them to vis it lo a limited extent but on large plantations there can be no want of society and conse quently no excuse for visiting except among themselves if allowed to run about they will rarely ever take wives al home the men wish an excuse for absence that under pre text of being at their wife's house they may run about all over the neighbourhood lel it be a settled principle that men and th**ir wives must live together that if they cannot be suited at home ihey must live single and thete will be no further difficulty ii a master has a servant and no suit tide one of the other ex for a companion be had better give an extra price for such an one as his would he willing to marry than to have one man owning the husband and another his wife it frequently happens that one owner sells out and wishes to move neiiber is willing to put with his servant or if one will consent lhe other i not able lo buy ; consequently the husband and wile must part there is a sure evil surely much reater than restricting to llie plantation in making a selection in lhe infliction of punishment it should ever be borne in mind that the object is correction if the negro is humble and appears duly sensi ble of lhe impropriety ol hi conduct a very moderate chastisement will answer better lhan a severe one if however he is stubborn or impeitineut or perseveres in what you knowlo be a falsehood a slight punishment will only make bad worse the negro should however see from your coo yet determined manner that it is not in consequence of your excited temper bul of his fault and for his correction lhal he is punished as a general principal the legal maxim ihat " it is helter ninety and nine guilty persons should escape lhan one in nocenl should suffer is correct it however has its exceptions if f*r instance lhe ne groes take to killing your pigs cr stealing your chickens and eggs and you cannot ascertain who are guilty it is only npcessary lo put the whole crowd on half allowance of meat for a few days and the evil will end this remedy is belter than a perpetual fuss and suspicion of all in lhe intercourse of negroes among them selves no quarrelling nor opprobious epithets no swearing nor obscene language should ev er be allowed children should be required to be respectful to those who are grown more especially to the old and the strong should nev er be allowed to impose on the weak men should be taught that it is disgraceful to abuse or impose on the weaker sex and if a man should so far forget and disgrace himself as lo strike a woman the woman should be made to give him the hickory and ride him on a rail tbe wife however should never be required to strike her husband for fear of its unhappy influence over their future respect for and kind , ness to each other the negroes should noi be allowed lo run about over the neighborhood ; they should be encouraged to attend church when it is wiihin | „„, ... . . , j __— ii -■ || convenient dt.iance where there are pioui negroes on a fdar alion who are disposed they should be allowed and encouraged lo bold prayer-meetings among themselves ; and where the number is loo great to be accommodated j in one ofthe negro houses ihey should have a separate building for the purposes ol worship where it can be done tbe services of a minis ter should be procured for their upecial benefit by having the appointments for preaching at noon during summer and at night during win ter the preacher could consuli his own conven ience as to ihe day of the week without in the least intefering with the duties ofthe farm a word lo iho?e who think and care hut lit tie aboul iheir own soul or lhe soul of lhe ne gro and yet desire a good reputation for their children children are fond ot tbe company ol negroes noi only because tbe defference shown ihem makes ihem feel perfectly at ease but the subjects of conversation are on a level with their capacity while the simple tales and ihe witch and ghost stories so common among negroes excite the young imagination and en li-t the feelings if in ibis association tbe child becomes familiar with indelicate vulgar and lascivious manners and conversation an im pression is made upon the mind and heart which lasts for years — perhaps for life could we in all cases trace effects to causes i doubt m i bul many young men and women of re spectable parentage and bright prospects who have made shipwreck of all earthly hopes have been led lo the fatal step by ih.ljieeds of cor rupiion which in the days of j^*"^vu>d and youth were sown in their he.itts by lhe indeli cate and lascivious manners and conversation ot iheir father's negroes il this opinion be correct an effort to cherish and cultivate the feelings and habits of delicacy and morality a mong negroes is forcibly urged upon us by a regard for the respectability ol our children to say nothing t the prospects ol both child and servant in another world and of our own re sponsibility when ihe great master shall ro quire an account of our stewaidship 1 have given you mr editor an outline of my own management if any of your corres pendents will point out a more excellent way he will benefit your readers and much oblige your friend tattler sleepy hollow sept 1850 from the london globe of a;>ril 5th the rotation of the earth vi sible the experiment now being exhibited in pa ris by which tho diurnal rotation of lhe earth is rendered palpable to the senses is one of lhe most remarkable of lhe modern verifications of theory although the demonstration by which lhe rotation of lhe earth has beeh established to be such as to carry a conviction lo lhe minds of all who are capable of comprehending it to which nothing can be imagined to add either force or clearness nevertheless even the na tural philosopher himself cannot regard the present experiment without feelings of profound interest and satisfaction and to ihe greal mas to whom lhe complicated physical phenomena by which the rotation of the earth has been ei tablished are incomprehensible this expert ment is invaluable al the centre of the dome of the pantheon a line wire al attached from which a sphere of metal four or five inches in diameter is suspended so as lo hang near the floor of the building this apparatus is put in vibration after the manner of a pendulum under and conceuirical wiih it is placed a circular table some twenty feet in diameter the circumference of which is divided into de grees minutes sc and the divisions number ed now it can be shown by the most ele mentary principles of mechanics lhal suppos ing lhe earth to have lhe diurnal motion upon iis axis which is imputed lo ii and which ex plains the phedomena ol day and night die the plane iu whicli this pendulum vibrates will not be affected by this diurnal motion but will maintain strictly the same direction during twenty-four hours in this interval however the table over which lhe pendulum is suspend ed will continually change its position in virtue ol tho diurnal motion so as to make a com plete revolution round its centre since then iho table thus revolves and the pendulum which vibrates over it does not re volve the consequence is that a lino is iractd upon the table by a point projecting from lhe bottom ol the ball will change its direction re latively to the table from minute lo minute and irom hour to hour so lhal if such point were a pencil and that paper were spread upon the la hie lhe course formed by ihis pencil duiing twenty-four hours would form a system of lines radiating from the centre of the table and lhe two lines formed alter lhe interval of one hour would always form an angle with each other of 15 dec being the iwenty-fourth part of lhe circumference now this is rendered actually visible to the crowds which daily flock lo the pantheon to witness this remarkable experi ment the practised eye of a correct observ er especially if aided by a proper optical in strument may actually see the motion which the '. a i » ! e has in common with the earth under lhe pendulum between two successive vibra lions it is in fact apparent that the ball or rather lhe point attached lo lhe bottom ofthe ball does not return precisely to the same point of the circumference ot lhe table after two successive vibrations thus is rendered visible lhe motion which the table has in com mon with tbe earth it is true lha correctly speaking the table does not turn round its own centre ; but turns round the axis ofthe earth ; nevertheless ih effect of lb motion relatively suspended over the centre of the table is pre cisely the same as il would be if the table mov ed once in tweiity-four hours round iis own centre for although the tahle be turned in common with the suiface of the earth round lhe earth's axis the point of suspension ol tbe pendulum is turned also in the same time round the same axis being continually maintained vertical above the centre of the table the plane in which ihe pendulum vibrates does not however partake of this motion and conse quently has the appearance of revolving once in twenty-four hours over lhe table while in reality it is the tal/ie which revolves once in twenty tour hours under it philosophic editor — the editor of the alabama argus published at demopolisin marengo makes r/ierry alter tho follow ing fashion over what most folks would consider a serious trouble : we see the sheriff baa advertised the ar gus oflice for sale during our absence \\ e hope the bidders will have a merry time of it if the sheriff can sell it he will do more than we ever could like a damp percussion cap we thiuk it will fail to go off