98$**fttrm c**.tlitsi*fr "'" byphll.o white j salisbury n c tuesday october 16 1s27 vol vih no 384 1 it is proved hv experience that i the case in long levels unless the canal upon an average of one mile with anoth hc made with such ascent as to occasion er a railroad is less costly in its con a current which for convenience of navi struction than n canal it is found in ration is admitted as utile as possible rngtnnd and there is reason to believe even ihu original rapidity of rivers that it will apply no less iu this country wlicre the water i botnetimcs dashed hy that tbe expense of making a anal is rails snd agitated by rapids doe not nrr i two or hue time lhal ol :, bul bit from producing disease st cer l'he excavation or removal of earth or tain seasons alunp thei banks antl in | ro ks bn the former is much greater their vicinity this effect mav lie ex than for the latter the iron necessary perlenccd even in northern ifctitmlcs but lis far less costly thin we are apt to sup it i especially tn be dreaded and depre pose as will appear when something fur rated in a southern climate like ours ther shall bo sail upon me materials ol no such consequence threaten the in publi wu its an ' the expense atlendillr habitant nr the li vi lie u p n n____ihnari follows i 1 be western pari of montgom en i i insition vrgillite the nil indil fercnl a i in sonic parts exiremel sterile the eastern part ol lho county is siliceous composed of beds if horn siunc quart2 md a little chlorite shite and is inferior p the sandhills themselvea ! lhe be.l land li .,,„ .. - , the fork between that li'tvcr and the uwharie ami ... the southern part ofthe county un clarke's creek 1 the no tb in western and otilli.tr , a ;„■■■ , ...'-■•■ 1 7 ftovl s ,, mi m ki 1 ,.-,., f .,-. :. • . . -.- itappca ■ ■ • i he court ii '■ . -■ ■ t i motion ol ed : ,.:-! cai . . the weit niau tor six sieelte i unles th '.,-, -':,,, i appear corns ol ti a in bury on lhe i ii i ih nda nl no . neat ami replei i to laid he entered for the pl nifti demand u lade . • undcmnalii ihc attached effects i , . i it ir ,. il es i . l iretitom y yi 1 im,m -» i ■ ' j up u uu the term ol lhc western carolinian are ?,', per annum or 1 s0,ifpald n advanei hut ptymcnl ei advance ssbi be required irom all i i crlbors al a tlittsnee who are unknown to the editor utiles some re ;„„:,!,:,- person ol bi acquaintance fuarantee the payment no paper discontinued cx - l at ll c opti ,', ol the editor until all arrearages ar paid ariverriiemi i .':'■! '-,- ,•-.--•- i :,. t <-. cenl per.qtt ra tor in flrtt insertion and twenty-live rent fur each subsequent one all letters addroued to the rditnr must be pott-pal l r they niay not be attended '". internal imtkovehi m p ml '"* ti'ti : ""' " i e.in.tiioio ,„:,,„..,■,. i ■ l lo il.l •'"■■"■ r^^u m^um ., mtiw ii o ,. u rann „, ,„. | „„., ; ., v ,,„„,,,,.„..; „| f ..„,,:, structure to slum a mu i as tbnue.h superior to ih..t 1 he neb ,;;;;*,..,' / ," ' ;, v,t ,,, n m u wyte have been accustomed lo consider substantial and durable materials for less posssible the intersection of marshei snd motion in montgomery nrown m ; ( ,.|„„..., ,„ ,-„,„-„ i ordered that canal as ihc cheapest means nf com , ho „ c l k ht or len thousand dollara white streams of water ™' i1 '™' se ... a i'..r.,,,ti n ... ( ,„,„,„,„.,,,,, ., , . , municatlon and conveyance through the the means of passing from one level tn s a nm her circumstance suggested by old red sandiione which underlies tn fo „„,.,,,,,„.„,,. , „ ,,, inicrim uf a country at presenl an ano her by inclined planes or otherwlae on lh peculiar nature of nur sou.hcrn pedee from abou a mile an -■ hair be ,, ,,, next county opinion is pretty , sell established by ex , ,;,,,,„,„, a e easily provided in com country gives an advance to railroadl lo the mon ol i.urkv mci i lh -' >- -. - ber l and pcrience in great britain and our own , milon with , ock ,. * in comparison with canal all oui mouth o i tie river and rurowhes a z'zz z_,u ...\ , -• u t country where trial has been made in j h , , |„, r(len , 01 . a8 principal river ordinate ir the mom large body ol good laud t be upi.n to dfor ,„„„,;•,,,,,„„„,,„„, ,,,,,„.. rt fbsristikqrt z^zzvzzz zz z.r:z <■ ••- • « - evidence now within our power is fortu oth er article of this enumeration hence the land between these rivers hes '.» ck '«';•'." ' ,, ,,.„., niv,i ukock v john » . iff „:„, iv sn full and conclusive tha to have ; f j v , n , in fa»„r of the railroad inndges rrom the western extremities l«ct lobe injured by exc }> ,„,,.,...,.„,,„„.., le ri de it ap our doubts removed weneed only ex ! l ,'" vh hereafter be niven , 0 the of the state towards the ocean fhese hen the season is wet ., „ ,.,,„,, .,„- ,,„„,. , ,,,., amine it for ourselves wirr ihe failures iu z " r ': """. /„',„■, would in ridges f'cn ! '" m long levels without sandstone there is a small tvedgc cd \\ efe .■ ti i mud la t of hit sr=,r:m^a sisi r z::r:-7::zzz ■ sst-3s ■' ' : : = hell at least have learned the valuable , „> cnmmon „, remurk , .,„,, i known some of out bea t™j rf 7ra km „ ) " , , , **•*»•' ■■"•, r 7:z - lesson to inqui.e faithfully and arrive „ i , ,, e , ,, ,„„•„ ,, umv t ivel as a maxim ; ' zyzz-zz^'h rchitce tz l,\x where ll ha been removed'.'wh.h m m ' '.'. ttornb ' *■ a full knowledge before an application ol h convey . n ce by water must always be 1 m'"m ,' ',,!.. rail nrobi '"' foi irani'ein lhc fiat i *■ ' ■' ■'■,' --.-. m „•" •;' the public funds b a small expend l e /- lve , h „„ c eyance by i i '.;"' ' '._" - ', ,^ '; n f | „ r ; „ it com la.ge ■,...•,-. - ' ,;,.;..'.' ure properly direct be n.p'»vim,.t : ., „ k „,, ............ ,, rue ill by the perfee l^z'zz^zezxl nature if f.i nd on ibis account n l ' ; "" " £•»•«** of an lngineor such us mav be easily . w auainc | ,„ , he constiuclion .., ' naitsnf the ". ■""! buil ; stone deca bat | in ihe united slates before common rolldi om , carriages il is no lon r er cm has b -- ...... min ost o.le " f v.h exposed lo ihe weather bu cine a public svnrk every lhin,r relating l ct i comparison ol railroads and co - *« '•« " ' ' xi l i '•" same re ha it i unsulta „■ ' -- i j "' « ■ > '; •;■■";,"'.» ' j o,t may be estimated and ully see r na , s , ,„,,,,, ..;, : , .,,„,:,'.■ ,, •- ; ;; - ' "-' x<z il t i decompose th ii « » 1 ihatlhe'slnt taincri to the^satisfaction o all 1 his is „,, so!i di y f construction in i ,,"',,..' , llc . ,„,..,, .„„] renderi lu.oishu ,: rood water and ■ s - ,..,„„ -,. not el the mode ofdoin such business l,,,bti b lnic in amount ma he i z zzzzl tcx-u pic ni livai resides its fer.il ,.„,,, i ,.„:. „.. lhal public practised in other stales and other pans . d , v j limlld . imill . e ,„ lh , i . precarious lupplie iot wa ter eve a o possess few , , n tin wettern i hnim for t.r . fl he wor.d,w.,ere works of 1 . kind j ..„ . .. ; ,.., 0 .^'".' a reasui oeld ha's.been ic , „ -^ ;■,..;;-•■,"", re carried on bur.h men as ..-^ hc ,,.„., , ,,. , „, , lhe mo mess and i.^d v hh certainty lo confine its . nsid ' m th il!,,ti mm - . - wright james geddes and many olhers fecl . ,,,,,,..„,,,.,,., ,,;,, , : <"<■ "/ ' ' \'' ' ' ) * , 1 " , ; c „:,,„ ,. ivc , ;';„■. red sand fornishe fret . , j who have heen lone proved to possess ht upon them lh ncs to l m ,, ' ',, he nernrttnllv inlcrsertini mn,n for buildinr and rrindslones the „. - , -..,.:„ will bo precticnl skill and integrity in ihcir pro , rc , uttt ' nce fro ,„ | . -, to the car ' ! m ' ' 7 t e small i ':.„,- . mill net \ ins ; .... ol ,- if 1 pi.n.ni -:-..- -,-' i,l ,. d.ere fcssion at civil engineers are a any j ,„ fra m ihe «... nl lhc ' mai ;■■• eep i«inet h«h«^cu a sm.ud • kcd up thrc , „„, ,.,, ,. ,, i h it.ached effecu ilme attainable upon proper inquiry and l0 bollt at passes through it l-rom »««• , ;.' k ' h , c fn , ' a "« s n u vh ,» i mile hum wadc.boro on th i m - it - n . - ■_ b reasonable compensation for their sei hese , wo circlim „ ance , ...= ; rhcr i »" r - . uc z '"' vu.b nkments de ' .--•'' ■ ' ' , vices nor should a aingle step be taken „, ,...,- ,,,, ,.„„, .„„ ,, po yvcr »"'"'"*• » nd )» r r e ' m °°" k d j ,„ k .' the greater part or richmond tounty si wi.ks - alet llh i in commencing any work until it is .„, , c bt ,„ „, ,„, rv ,,,„ ,,:--,.' ■.""«" bridges « quedwit «*> , , . ; ,„. ,.„ l , ,„ i „ v , ,.,,,„.,,., j . eomplelely determined what are the railro(l(1 ,,„„ 0i a canal i ,, en •« " "' ."- . s i be . est e ered bt t.fclay and sand th - '"',- - terms what are the means and what are ' , rcmed of „,„ reader not to i i..e thai zzz\zzz,\z\nzz(czh aland , lhe iv-dce.and ncai he mouth „'„,..,. . lil.es is aen the advantages we have had cnongl ol , ; „„ n .,„ i „,- ,.,.„ i i-s 1,1 p«n ,'", c ,, c,,c ',,',,. - ks ih.t fall into 1 i he hi r ,, ,- .,„ mn.ton of ih precipilalion of unqualified undertakers r u tb!-c„.r,-.,,..,.p.i , ' ■• l "" z '-, : j ,, 0 i r , des.ina '■ i - md here thai 1 be i ,- -, el ord tha sfschrmcs heedleslly commenced and ,"„„ ofadv p unl p au , c8 between these m is j.'.^dwhh sign 3 « '" "" ' ho , ol<l '' ' " ' m'm.'m mm m'.|,m,'m then deserted in hai fini..ed.a.e..nd of , lllton for produce and me « ;• ' "• >'« n«i ,. , o ,.,„„,,„„, , , .. d ifo tu ; m ] ■ al orethec enough nf wasted supplies chand j ze , nd c cvidenci to satisfy our u "'',*, in - - iplantaii na in loth „ ( r , ,„., ,. ,„ ,.,,,:.,„.,„„,',: ■ this unfortunate moilo ol prosecuttnr i minds if they hem already satisfied "*"„■' j "'» a , cer tained that railways ' ' nrtt he low grounds ol lhi , ,,, „,„„,.„ „, ,,„,, .,.,.. ,. ,, and replevy or plans of public improvemcni is rarely if w ,„ be more r ul ,,. pre ente.l hereafter ' ' b " " onstructe j wilh all the necessa south ca part ol ihc county win h . ,, , - i uit.jud ci.t«.ll ;""",'.; ever witnessed in other countries and consequent upon canals ™ h md brmness out or wood ' '" ; "«" ""' "*" '""; "''" ' ""'; ',""", ,.' there is not.be leas necessity lor it jk^then in repairing 7^«£^tn.lfrflb hlr.h e he sand.lon in rult.lo naiion om.e attached cffec ? ; ■ ii !,„„, keeping in makintr then ,,! , ek , and w_m ■ nth the im '. ■ object is to r country it roust bo eminently so huchcock ' h ■ w ds are preferable to canals v||e . the lasting and substantial ' . ■ ki llis o«r low v''_^___1^b tat 11 i latl'l till •-' ' v m^l ..'.' ,',,',„'„',',, ul ,' ■ plait it : '- '- "■'■'" i r „:'•'■ ", h|mhl^b^^ba^bb^^^^p^^i^^h hampered l.y lhc necessity nf carrying it for cross then to prevent the ceitiib where there will be at all times a sure rnunicatlon between one part ol a larm ni end sufficient supply or water this oc neighbourhood from being cut oil from cations the meandering of email along another this brings on a multitude oil the banks or rivers and leading them lo contracts between the public and thei intersect streams at proper pines ao own ers or lands along the line of a canal that their length is extended fat more for making and keeping up bridges than wnuld tic necessary could hus clr through til folurc time and if there bel cumstance so essential to laim.bc wholly n ny rood crossing the site of ihc canal set a tide it is nnt possible to give any ; , bridge must bc maintained a the pub i general rule for determining tho propor lie expense forever that the highways tion nf the whnlc line nf ,. cnal neces , njv not bo interrupted this expense sarily lost with it view tu securing ihe 0 f bridges must continue to be -- it i in proper quantity or water il must differ j perpetuity by mils upon the ' anal and su-cording to thc circumstances of every through all time act as a burden upon ihe case porhaps however it would not be transportation of goods in regard to extravagant to say with regard to canala railways these difficulties almost i nitre of mud extern thai at least one fourth hy vanish men bnd burses can cms if not one third it likely to bc added by hem any where without injury and al this single l.ject it was estimated by that is nccesssry for the crossing i lhe united statea engineers that a canal wheel it a piece of limber let into the i'itlslithull injvtuimlv.iniil '■■ pass otiiiiud almn the side l_lhi_irmi , ■■ zzzzz , z l zz"z zzzzz zz zzzzz parlness durability and cheapness of places very large an u - .,„„,.„.,. eld i materials the work too would be of a icn covington s ph -■ '■'■' ■•"■;■ a fp .„....,„., r that could bc executed by our it lo h ' d « lh bank ol ll.lch . „, , „ . . - ... ■ ■ i ._ _ m ,,, , ■ am i !«• '"' - ' " fl ■ i i " u h i mus mi . ■ ■ _____________ a ,:, ,, h.,llst ,,„.,„ ' ' ' jnljg^b88888888888888888888888888888888888l john oilv.s ' -. ;,■ . - ' - ■' t , m , ,, fun i inhn h i i nil or 7 lalt.cl n.cnt.lcvi ', ■■ lt , i ti .--.. hh tlb.it i i ' ' : ' : -'"' ' " '", . . plain ifl bye . ic in ho v • ' the dcr,,,ri.,,t , i*ill ■' <"'"'■ '"'"■ '"' , „ . ,,.,,. ,,.. ... - ll l mi .'-■'■'■ ' 1 ' ', . ' ,-,:, . , ii i -.. by shmgtwmt^^!nnu7t^mil^on , andhtgltcihlilglhttpi even the win el three hundred an.l ninety tntles in length ,,, p sing over it im touching tho roil by lhc same repnrt a railroad imm before il descends upon some little stone baltimore to lhc ohio need nut l mure pavement laid down upon the other side lhan twn hundred nnd fifty miles in ' |„ this manner provision is made i in i iis instance lhe railway is mils five road on which waggons or csrrlages crott eighths of ihe canal in length in thli „ railway i am aware thai thi dis.nncc nf 390 miles by a csnsl nne bridges over the great western canal ol hundred and forty miles are saved l.y re flew york have ever been numbered but sorting to the railroad an exactly aim after having pasted with personal ut.se ilar difference will evidently not applv in ' vutlon from one end 1 thai canal to the other examples but thli is une to show n thor it is conjectured thai in ihc whole what an excess in length anil consequent distance of three hundred and sixty three ly nf expense is sometime incurred by . niles the number r bridges is not less a canal on account of wator beyond what ih.ui lout hundred in stating this it is li necesiary lo a rsll i 1-c us re thought likely lo till short l the reality member too that luch a difference hna rather than io exceed il in these cli iii effects not only in lho first construe c umstancci convincing evidence must tion and expense nf a canal but in all appear ihatlhi mi enance and repairs travelling and i.anspnnaiinn ii;i"ii it and a „,| attend ill expenses ol canals must in themslntenanceol ll in repali ihrough ,,|„.,,,. be greater than sic reqi te foi all future time ■• it ought not lo be omit , i ;,,,!,. .,,. e,l also that when ihc repairing of a . | t | a muc h to bo apprehended thai canal becomes necessary ll it far nw , .. m8 . rc dcr unhesllhy the pans difficult expensive and interrupting lo n lm ,,„,,,,,, u | 0 ng their mine the in ii than ihst of a r il ,. in a canal if there be luo'ly sbns so as u ap _.-,,",',,,- ia a -,. , c ,, ccijlly e,e if ii be of in i -- . sbth ■ ...•- . - " mil l i ami 3 al lirge burdens can „ production ol silk th ; i ,„■ transported with a given powel published a given time upon tie one as upon the ulster accomp ... other l i i psrenni 1 thei , ■ thi marks continual expense ol malniali ing - ' insl i we i esrtily appt ve ol that p " ol with bridges and repairs is greats thai mr mad - communicstton which that which i ''. » >'• ' ropo.es to employ our paupers in he canals especially in a souther climate cultivation oi illk ml sv nuti mai in m , v be well i ided - sources nl s example set by johns county wii be ..„ 6 thel of oui itste thi pn imitated at it deserves to be by otnei allel coiines of our rlrers and iho con counties it is well known lhal all the ,-, „. r n r ., between them are pen neccstary i tboi iitending he culture i 1 i t ih.i ii d r r ii ::..„,:,; >.- performed b mu ■ si'.is uf wnod are icarcety more h.,n i...h ' ,,, p , anun'i'.l personi aero ? s exnc.-sive as thnset.mn their in ,,-, ivork r forty dsys thi first iwen ferior cost then compared with lhal ol t milt muit eive ihem greatly the pre ; ., mulberry nee is csiny propogni f.rence lo an econot il people co pos.cttes hit m | l cml mi.buii some method ol remov ng ihc soil where n 1 plant i e ari s"dnm - nerclal -- *■."■« r,e nmot-i than i - '-'"■ " mete theorist on th ' "' p r o m 1 . . . xi i , '. :,., ', ■ i'z'rx iii ■'-.," vii nci ' it bin -" - ' ,....' ,.. third monday l j ' iii vvctern i t ' ' ■ ' ...' i ,./ ni i li t a i'll c ,*(■"' -'• ' i'lutes.oi mitchell closet hi remark on the oeolog ■-'•.•-, i ,,, re is nothing further or i . ..,►-■. ..-■ rented "■'• til