h.vi.ishi l.'v c tuesda march i 1826 published weekly bl philo ii'iiite vol > i no ji ;. the terms ofthe western carolinian bre 2 s,i pap 1 ■. on nu if '. ,.. ni ni the option al in kill i epald \ i v , mcni will he in in ill c nl per square forth firs inae ion ind i em i u each subsequen one all letti r jul.lr 1 lu i editor must be p hi '. or inn will im be e,i,l,-.l to thai lhe i ion u.e attempts or the 1 i should re eive an honorable not'u e . ,, h riiei havo . ■■ rontibll i illcd the s " ex it 1 1 1 e . i i i-i bu hut too strongl testifies if hie original plan ronceive.l in bc spirit 1)1 bl'lieiulei e bil ml been 1 1 ed lo encounter thai us ye unabat 1 ■ i siie i bereave ho ... of their lands ii ui existing plans 1 have llicerore su ■ ii|..in ii ro be within th by rn l.v be committee sunn ted il project uf a bill uill such i ,. . . ms u i think under all me • . un i in cs ,,, icsi . alcul iie.l to effi . : i jeei lu pet forming the service nsigned h the committee whosewishes bno ■ nu have been i sufficient nducenvn nn mi | b 1 ,',- ncxl n thc advantages in b gain cd b ui-,1 lies is ii i 1 future r i 7 1 these people will bc forever tin li ib d lh n ihorc l it ast they mil fi i u inn u nnd ll i'i bting pllll i ... i iii i ly nude ihc . nntri i nl lur united - ." s ., i '" o bi.ni tbr rival t luims nl all ol llu s i ' ic r„i in r ni t i lit lis mot ■ ilemn i i,l lh 1 ii sl ill lie tin ns lure 1 ' v lu ri.il le lh -., , n . , | ~ ■: , , , ,' iii their new , „ uli mpumrnts i im h ui li . me ! ■ ml i rut paid fm ■ , ■ de ,....|„ . \ , the l ? uiii required it thr i l degrees lo n i ■ i.ie j llll indians lett r tn in llu s,e...t:,n . r war.to the chair man ol n i i ommi ■ un indian hairs in be ileus ol it im sen it , r li ,., lie pre aervation and i iviliialion nl the indian tribes williin iin i l tod stall would perl is have realized much ol the hopes ol irs wends so long bow ever is tha desire rontinuea to direct it mini il every bttrmpi must fail a • iiisiii , review is nil th tl i neccsa try n show thi incongruii of the measures we have pursucdi and lhe cause ol theii fail ure nut in render a cheerful , on|i no e 1 i ne i farther reasoi — i lesi'e m pl with tbe requi sis 1 ihe pioph ■ , ihc t'ni nil si lies , -, 1 . ! i ■ - in tin in i n ni bond nl luili bci.le s i ed p..r men is conli all pessed i'h ,| pli i inlls rnim n i y ds 1 wk . dopl i-.i-in s u ntingui > - i ver rn i nu | ,,,, is in ri ,,,, ,, the se ., ,| p ,,.,, ,, referred to is lha ..' . if i iin - ho i remm lb less ih in whol • , ... en hi |,,.|. . is imp ei i me s . e il hie i , i i isr imui li.'li i i i i ii ne p ... i i-l . sees ed , i ' ', ins an , -., i ui ni dull ' ' ii inilu ing him to labor i • v will i i ..... . ... i in ll livi in i 111 as nl ,". | n rn r in in i o.nfo ., he i si in it he deemed deapei e >, is mi under be sun ______ - . ,' ',.../ i cb id i . '.. 1 thc condition nr the aborigines of this country and their future destiny have long i .... i in utteniion of lhe philo soph i uui sta cam n inspiring an intel cs respondent to the high importnnc oi the bubjecl i he his ory ol the past presents bul little on whit li ihe rccollc tion lingers with satisl iction the ft ture s nol more cheei ing unless r o be speedily had to other councils thun those by which we huvr heretofore been governed from tb ti st discover ul au.iii i tn the present i,nc one mast i p»i '"-. - •■ •• "■ ll mankind lha ol acquiring i mil has driven in eeaseles in esaion the while nun on the indian tbe latter reluctantly yielding lo ., force he could not resist bas i cured from lhc ocean 10 ihc mountains and from hi mountains o more inhospitable recesses wasting away bv bufferings and by wars foreign and intestine lill u wretched frag nient onlv survives nl the r.urncr ous l.uiiles once inhabiting ibis country whose portion is to brood in griel ovei their pas misfortunes or lo innk in des pair nn ihe approaching catastrophe of thei impi ndinr dun i were now an unprofitable task to in quire on what principle the nu.lons ol europe w i justified in dispossessing ihe original proprietor of his birth right they brought with lliein lliei own max ims ivbii b recognize ' pniver as the onl sl nd ml nf li.'hi nu li.md and fori c es peif civ legitimate in br acquisition of ti rrimrv li bas been done anil time ims confirmed lhc act missionaries are sent among them >" rnlig n ii minds bv imbuing them ill i.dlciiui i nine ions s im is i1..v1 i'll - iii hie i ei s.llld ie ul i • i ii \ i in bu iii i i • e ssion i iheir mils is ■ un limi i i bi iblli ul"v is s,id 1 .„ ' i i . m l , 1 , ,,. - i |,„ |- , ' i is vi 1 hie 111 is b iljle t m aa^n^^^cii^!n7^r s , l.s disclosing interesting informiition on uliil-li ""'' "' ""' ■""■""■ the piii ■ ni . n estu ills ed by the aid ol prii te bs well as public i'm ii ns for the inatrur s i i ,. d liv tbe dis.ipi.ln'i i ini i , r i iv ut i zeal i sun wot si mn n i ed have i ii f li ■■ l'h-b , onsf.il i ii rn ive i ji pie lis i the lime l us ,,|| i ■ „~\ ill rent lijl.es mil hi ,„■ |, |, .,, lha lion of theii i mil .- fhey bun in en p i l..,i ,,, i ii on be ch se h locale iiieinseli.-s anil in , ante cultivators of he boil i.nplrm n.s of bus mndry uui domestic animnls have been pr sen i ihem ml all lh rse ihit s bav ..,, be purl i a.jnts i ii l ... e -- i n iv ui mp.s in i f . i e ai a witl ui baled im io|tuni i r , . , . tin i i ol ihi biei ns 1-iie from : ,-' i_l i it.li i um i . ne i i ■ nn lish h.l t rqin.ls ill zeal ol ' i . lim i i bu be ,,,, i ui ,, ,., f ih m no who l,.,v in i.i ni ein liii i is issei le i in iluibc i in know . ... ,. etend lo kno , uii wi lies may be persuaded to eini , i 11 ihe proposed plan the i , ol ' reiimi of tin pn idem whu t . u , even n.e would ' l i rin lu i .' n ■ i s run men ing ,, i'h . .... .. . , ,,. vcnicnn i , utinnsly ex.endi i li . hit the > h ie he i liln im i i ne iii i tie ,,„ „ hy in cu done accompanied iviih prolessions u-n m p ortt^ti , ,■, — i -, , ri-oned uiitntra^^^^ffl .(' a ilisintr est 1 s,,|i,i lo f or ilici en insup rablr tlitti till .' - i ,,.■■ ilbii lo go ill under tt happiness yielding to these leniplu i ill ...',, •■ i n . ,„ ,,,,,., v i'l lions some nl ihem have red limed lhe i so ilesli hi , ,,. ,.., i ur in id to thiol objrri r the hill ia iho •« forest d med tb.ii orchards and em fruitful source ofcollisbn ■,,, l .. v ,.,,.,,.., f led bouses not onl foi their ubode but i am nol arroi;atu aiourh to su in l ued suies lui iheii p.o.er for the ailn.lnistruli r justice and to that it is free from ill(,bjr.,i ns foi i nd thei civiliz the bill prop sea religious worship and when the hav m aware thnl no plan whrh bum in q-ivrrno i ludges mil , secrei so done you send your age to tell thrm genuit i mild suggesl.lvnud be llugclh ry to i ippuiniecl b lh i'm tidcnt will nu i nm i sun ender their country to ih e exempt as tn su'.j , i en ompussi 1 lhe adviie mil i ,„, of the senine mil white m.m md re-commit themselves in on ever sub ttiib diflculies fhe u urh modifi i na i tlc.iil a lh presi some tun bs ii i substitute us be nn.s reach of my botes limited to - dent shall bun subject lo lhe appru menus i i iin , sii'isis'i in , the precarious imi ion ol ihrsc i'jtu hn-s both in l.ition or congress chase for lhe certain ol riiliivn'.ion number nnd extent ll isonlv by rom i h-tve ahead inlin i in a i ■ i'he love of ou native land is implanted parison i am satisfied lh my aclienu part ol this rcpo ihr cons qi.enns n n every human bosom whether hi ran solicit a pi-fcrenre i siihmll hi sending hie iiut'intis in the rniinin dcslin mums the wilderness or is founrt in llu outlines ol the bill ihe p.inriplrs l d , i li„.,l abode wi'lmu snnii highest stole of civiliza inn thia attach which are lhc fallowing : nuolii nitnoriti wit i ihis lhc ment increases with i o.nfur.s ul uur first the country \\ 1 of the mis will in exposed in entiles biel i i.oun.rv and is strongest when tnes sissippi and beyond l i es mil vr ] . nn n rv to pivscrib p nn ul ol comfotts ne n i 1.3 , t nm out ex ritories und so much on list e hill th ir gov nmeni ita nri z lions we have imparted this reeling to uistissippi as lies wea l.k hut ion ni.y s.ifol bed insiled ilu hand many or lhe tribes by our own measures and rfiihlg.n is to be s part fo i ' i ■ i '..,'. n jeet in the n.nlrol l can il in tn er i t surprise that they exclusive ubode cm ... i will net be ir it i'l unmixed indignation of whai secondly fbeir romoi hv individu . as si situ , ivllis.,iiuii of un in se ins n them our ruthless purpose of nls in rnn'.'urtisiin.-tion m iin s i ns ivnuhi utmil ol i i would gin spelling then from their country thus 1 li.niiv a i'ei i'nri.,1 li.enimrnl i em a legislative body composed ul in '"' ; '. ." ,*' — "•'' ", ." i tin 111 ... i slklea !"■- *■• i ,■ i i.i be nil siiiiesl sums an insincere lhat ou p-umises rounhly ll-ircu ■ i'reshliiii uiin eveniualli in nc . n i ' bee -..,,, lhat lb happiness or ualli jus if il the , . of nib : '■> ihrm-rlirs as mil foi ihi pur ' i dial is ii cheap sacrifice lo the ac nd thei imilgun into one n i of enncting mi.-i l.uvs as would h quisiiion ol new lands ; „\„\ when .., and a distribution ol , ,„ , i n re ihh lo themselves us for ilu p li mpted lo be soothed hi an assurance individuals f rxciiing thei bum lb iin lal country to which we propose to fifthly itb.ivesi ... i i icing thc iilijert ur universal pursuii semi them is desirable they emphatically hai remain unaltered il mun ivhet her hurt i nus or civilized isk us what new pledges can ou give in nfferiug i iriv icmarks upon hies il is preacn.ed lo ihc indians in this ii ih we su u .,,,, igain be exiled when different bends i beg iicall th at hem i'hev will he inuglil llu here j is your wish tn p issess these lands of lhe rnmniillee toil leading prin is innlhei rnuil i ' : ,- , 1 1 is easier lo b'.ate lhan lo answer this of thr hill namely : tiut noihini ... shuiglnei th ohjeclon on lhc question a regard o consistency apar posed lu hi ilnne in nferenre in i i if lh mos julelligenl to un nnd : ven n'lier consideration requires dins without ih ir ni consent i i i na,io wi.h lhe wlii.es :., lhal ihev . change of measures either let him ro making ihi a nelimii-rv loom tint m never is lo . tiers nfunsl and prol lain and enjoy his home or if he is lo be i have been ii.flu nici'rather in , ,. ii here this diflirulty will he ie veil in n rrom it abstain from , herishing o r in vc he p iposel i n from ij it lim , i us imlub p illusions rn in ui in disappoint anil j lions , ban from . mi s tiled lonijciion nil will ',. i unpen . in ni m i i-i-nim asdu i a_-------a i hm expend on obrl ~ " t7 quen.lv nol im pn 11 ibli to lh fn ra un manner at heir ing it bl bu ,, i.i an in b inn .., nun any .,.,,.,. i ii p .,. iv . uuiriii \ u mil :„ s en ll u tui . , .,,■ i ... i ...... for ihi 3t i , ■" ,,', ■ ' iddedlho ■ ' i ■ in the cfloit nl lb whi , , r m of i heir in us held miusi ie i l .,. iv ■ ,! ;,;,., ,.,,., , lii ii nl i mils :',, sis ,, be ii inspi . . i . • i oll , the in.isi barbi ll wot ri-pn ,. , i ii iv 1 1 1 r ilistin l.i ,' \\ i iscfl r.il n ion „| nil ca ei . i ill i '. lish ,' ui i , c „|.,,|,. isili bill in i i hu o iiiiii rim.iin , rn wi ■' i anil "■:■.■ : . ■, , if as is ,„ lievcd llu nu er ui i to ■ nn rr k i.i nmp i ti tit re .,, 1 use tha rem tin will in io fa iliium inn b i ,■,!,'. il ,. illloi i re . ui th pro peril il the u bites ! is ohvi.uis from ruuses lhal need nol be cn um i led thev inns boon slll 1 1 nile i in jr ilislliu linn i rue im lh r . in hie ith e mull hid ere pt s i ( niv al ill tin blessings whit b ,, ,. rrsim 1,1 i " l l iu i fdil 10 blllie ., il i l _ a i i ebil ln ll ieine.lt . ll i h ,|. i i.u s,,b i lei ii lime alone lo prodn c i will add lhal hie end proposed is iho li i'u ss nl thi indi in — tl :• ina rum nt i il nplishmeni ihcii progrea hn-dly i i i ..■ . , i ,,.,,. run i i i , slice i ll . n ephr in thernntes • dominion tho milrie rjui.ll ol ... li - el nl.m.nr disregarded bu ihut cnntesl bus inn • in i ceased especially in the uniled st.itos where nn the one side arc seen girit people familial witl arts ond arms whusi energies ure increased bv in inn and directed i.i u i tli but government ; on the other a lew ignorant and divide i t , it.es of b irbariana i is necessary old for the former to express iis will lo re ceive or enforce immediate sub ssi.e from the tatter the sugg inns nt policy or necessity should no longer s'.ille tbe i lji:ns nl justice uui hun ill li is now therefore lhal a must solemn question addresses itself lo the vm leu people in.l iilu.se answer is fu.l of r sponsibili.y shall wo go on quietly i a course which judging from the past threatens lh ir ex inc inn while llu i pa , lufferings anil future prosper ts so paihcticall app al lo oui compassion ' the rcspnnsibilii to whi li i refer i it 1 ,:., i in uvea ,.. i.belf lo i.s faun rb.ii.u ii i i'l all liitie n route f,,.'i n \ ... the „.. .■ s i sell ilel'eni c and h blessings nl free government s,,,n,:s i ; , poi.il of importance he character nl .. nation i.s distinguishing characteristics ahould be jiisnce and moderation to bpaic tbe iv lt is iis heigh est ornament lis therefore u source ol tho highest gratification ibu rn opporiunit is now 11 nd hi united ni-u-s to pructice these ni virus nil give n example ol im triumph of liberal principles nve bnt sordid m ifishncss which lias been the fruitful spin g of human calamity ■ bm tt uni'ed sun to m ndlntis are bn en ■" „, n i 1 ' 1 i ■''"' '" nwi.,„l z i ".' . s'ent ol bis inss ii ting pointed nut the inningi ili'irs ul litelv i euli.i . hi ilis rxlinnil ill ibis system so unhappil organized lha 1 in refer to an wcl settled principle i contains within itself the causes ol it by which in ascertain the extern l out own abortion i proceed lo review tin authority over thrm our . incest more modem plans ol removing the dil well as every e pea >, tion that sriz tl faienl tribes bom u.e east lo lhe wis upon 1 ii country i tuunrrd them d the mississippi lhal this plat it ilhens utterly oulol ib p.b ... i it ei d in thai benevolence for which in societv and as a coiuqiience disposed auihoi ia so distinguished is ihi-ertulli or them icrording tdlih.-ir will mid pica admiileil ; but iii.h it loo is nbnoxi us lo sure i'mn ibe ad,n)li n ol the lib l o.ant nbjeclions i faar is no less tru government howevir they were ro hie first objectl s the lmpruclicahiliiy garded to miiir extlni ns no indepen of lis execution il that is to depend nn dent pople ilcnrcjtrcutiei were mad irratiea alone nine nl the nines in i with them for a surrender of ihc usulrut whose re i i we tr s deeply con oftl.cil mds on ib i.her hand the i'm ib nn peremptorily refased in we e delied ihe exejclse of this right as hull um hell lii'ite bill ilui-e ll in , it 1 e sp , , , ,, |, r , .,,., , i . i .,,.,■ ,,,. nn i b persuaded to emigrate will carrj res rain n selling iheii lands lo oui wilh ihem he sumc internal faults whi i own cilia-ns ami beside regulating arc n drs im iin n thei kind and bu iheir trad cungrei ent si i which im ii.-.l is pn ... dittere.it punish in i i ,!, . : ins ol nut owt t libes arc to lie placet in | ix.apusl.ion conns foi ill nccsconin.i.rd « o without a controuling power between wiihoul their nu ti lories in foi which her li.ary and implucable bnsfili rarl lo i farther ii is loft . jei lies have i ' i nd whit i nn nnl ilkcll nn - iii lb i ii u i ii . i i , i n be iippr iscd till be ui.e nr the oilier hun it v or th i ape-in it i exercising is exterminated uui these diltiruliies ir in void th r<i an dilbci.l slim ou cl ill libel relation ,..,' ihey hi it i nil ll h'eren ujillu ui . ul i hl ui.r'...r mmr i . i . i,(!7i ■ >' ' - " ' s ii vrtnumli ob r of he hill is ihr divi i .. in nl win y ,, i — i ih n lands i u it n i,,n,r,a re.ivcd in ... ., . li fsn h li.n ■ . ... lh i proper the obj f i '■ , ■ possible results ol in en lh p w i rn 1 1 p.i id i u h n ■ i . p >„. i am hi in his judgment rirr.umsi swilljusti hi . mini fv il . ■ ish-.l be i mil among lhc , pa liv i i iujui . . lit id u is in nu ie mil , mi i u's ii contra lies in thei ir r.n form will u iiimin i tin ui io its bring i , i i ii mun ished or cimnly . t i , , in i tribe '-.,!■ -. il is hi hi veil i is lo . cjuiri indian la will no ind a more injurious influence o ir el lunger | e col i i i -, foils luimpn ihe i i.n n 1 . b.i't wllj ut last know their lot u nty . . than holding llieii i ml n common llu many wills il then t sol this whether such a system ma succeed on rrangemrnt an is i t ihi bl i very limited scale when under a ben ingi of civillzali i iii i here ran bo firicnl patriarchal au.hnri.y is yel lo in nor ii will not i i i me i i'astexp i leftthc readily tit the imprudent nl our evidence a inst in pra li 1,11 , ■ 1 1 v beyond th r „ b ity undei i sa favorable au piics i in i i 1 bind in the first settle lo ihis i nidi lhe t - n i ilj n i of * i believe in lh r.ir.,1 ■ olle linn ll u a early se.lleu en.s elsewlu etlu id m.«lr wo had ... . i 1 in colonial t • v rv brink i i ruin bom nut t ' i nl jus li t ... which ri.i ... . i .,',:'■■ i uubi . ... . , ,, ... ■' „ mhi'ion n id in t . i ■ i.i i ni ni ul motive , . i ui in u i the i is ihe province ol history in commit in iia pag s the nuns u tions ol nations posterity look to ibis depository with the mosi intense interest i he fair i • ol their ancestors a most precious inherit age is in then equally a source i pride and i nui'iie nl . ontinii i good ... lions hut she performs ber province with im partiality the nulhnrliy she exercises in the absence of olln is la a . he k on b.ul rulo the lyrunl bnd ihc oppr sso see in hc charac.er nl iheir pro'.ol p s the sen'ence posteri is preparing bu them which side ul be pi line shall ne ilr for the decision la left io our selves shall her record transmit lhe present racfl in future generations us bl iii i'm bv insensible lo be progress i tho desolation which threatens the rem nam of this people t or shall rbese un friendly characters give pluce in „ gener otis i llmt which shall have been m ids lo sun ihem in destruction while deliberating no this solemn question i would appeal to that high 1'rovin c whose delight la justice and morcyi biui lake cuiitit il from thc oi „ les ol hi , will revealed in man in bis u rrlble dcttuncia ii ins against the oppr ssi i . bland to tho united states i lb iii.ion oh ihia point theii ruscnl has beei of every age trachea us how diffi ult ir made ut by tin bi as a requisil has been to maintain ir_iiquillti bciwc lui.s upcrinion conlerm nous und indcpendcni stale i tit f , -, provisionlonka lo ihc pro though civilized ii w mual ihui diffi curemenl ol uuir leu fuiure ri i cully bc increased when one ol ihe pal deuce bciond lhc sflemcnts ol th ties is savage fhcfis and miii'ders whites fortunately al object , n ml numberless causes ol discord musi easil lb cd in ip.lng in limbs inevitably precipl.ute . ilisi,.i,s which prescribe in the bill lliav u ' iinu'i bin prove l„i d ", ibe in km p in plan hi r tofore propuid in im lu '„,.,■ and lh same p.npensiiv which has con lh lands as a pari inn between lakes ducted lhe whin pupulalio remol michigan huron ■ riv hi regions they now nrciipy will ronil in sissipiu i havi been goiern i i well i propel ilu iri ui i is nn s d . ■ , ni the ibnvo i i , i ■ <!■„•,.,. lhe ford rhe di i nu iiiiirs nl i,i i r |:. i is now in the , i t -.! th i " this roslsilebs currcnii the indiun mus and from lis n.i.u 1 fea'iur , 1 nol ■• i retire till i r will bc no more il i..i.i ..■ pn m i..i ibe i . ■,■■, n oi , ■ ti i 1 ; , u ml the ii livid nu i - . i ,., . , ' lv gave a ni » pect to ll i n for lh mil e i.i ii the hands ■ sp 1 ,,.. i i he only „ s is i .,! ii lllmii ' onl "■ ,,.. t 11 , , il i i iii ii , . i nil's ii i pis one thai rvcri n , bat ■ i even with civil z ' i iiiu.ii oi voii.l i ils.it i ■ id i lo he lu.li ' i an ' - '. i requl ver it iimv i - iviib . now itill i hum remit i ,- hull 1 im 11 llll ! it '. •/ li ■ ■ ■. who is 1 uui i i u s un • i ' . u ihr .. ii e ill 101 e p ui rs im h if budy ii.id ninil lo ui , . , ' ' sl e i ■.. . . ■ '. it an . nil ■■■■,■■ i i < ■ ■ , ' i . . 1 1 ■ . .... • ■ ■