Western Carolinian

              hjvbxvk a f aa&4k4e ffaririittim published by kinder & bingham baliahxtkl tva^tt.vi o'tttoih&b a ism vv i jvj n the m'isti'.iin c viuii.intw is published everv tucs m al three dollars per annum payable at the end of six months such is my present impression in preparing my corn ground it is well ploughed in the fill and harrowed the same way we ploughed it in the month of march or april follow ing all the manure i collect on my farm is put on my corn ground the manure is ploughed under as fast as carried out and j the ground then harrowed , after which it is laid off for planting by single furrow four feet each way my time of planting is be tween the 1st and the 12th of may so soon as my corn is up i run a fallow harrow over the rows of corn and my hands vvith small rakes dress the bills of corn i then sprin kle a tea spoonfull of plaster on each bill ; the plough is then used in throwing the furrow from the corn ; my rakes i still employ to uncover the corn ; and our next process is to return the furrow to the corn and plough out the middles when the corn is about knee high we add a half bushel of plaster to the acre in broad cast a double shovel plough or a small harrow will then be sufficient to keep the ground in order i pay very great attention to my farm-yard which is dug out sloping from the outer edges to the centre and forms a basin of about four feet deep in the centre which retains the water in taking out my manure my hands begin on one side of the farm-yard with grubbing hoes made very sharp and about six inches wide the manure is cut through to the bottom ; the corn stalks c thus cut which are six or eight inches in length are easily managed and without difficulty turned ur.dcr by the plough we also by this mode aveid ex posing too large a surface of the manure the bad effects of which is obvious to every far mer in the smallest degree conversant with tlie bubject in cutting the manure and load ing the waggons the collection of water from the manure is sometimes so great as to ren der it necessary for my hands to use planks to stand on in order to keep themselves dry the manure thus completely saturated with the water dripping ft om thc waggons when loaded is in a fine state to plough under so soon as my farm-yard is cleared of manure in the spring of the year i commence ma king my crop of manure for the next year in drawing into the yard the corn stalks left the preceding winter : my cattle are still kept in tbe yard where they remain until the middle of may and are fed on the balance of wheat straw which is carefully preserved for them and thus lay a good foundation against the month of november following at which pe riod my stock cattle purchased during the month of september and october are brought into the farm-yard to remain until spring ; at the same time i begin to draw in my corn stalks on which and my wheat straw the cattle are supported during the winter iiy this mod i take out every spring from 250 to 300 large waggon loads of good ma nure in a nice state for my corn ground — this dressing each field receives once in sev en years ; which with plaster and clover i find sufficient but if soiling vvill answer my present expectations my quantity of manure will be greatly increased as my cattle arc still in my farm-yard never having been out except to water since last fall ; nor will tbey leave it until ready for the butcher which from present appearances they will be by the lirst cf august my farm-yard is one hundred feet long by sixty feet wide ; and enclosed on three sides generally with a shed about forty head of black cattle fifteen ditto ol horses ancl have always an abundance of provender my horses milk cows work oxen and sheep have hay and corn fodder ; nr.y stock cattle live on wheat straw and what they pick from the corn stalks after they have been thrown into the farm-yard vmw.mi.w fj j^no paper will be discontinued until all arrearages arc paitl unless at tin discretion of the editors i.'ij oi.l tion at naples from bell's meekly messenger of july 24 we think that all our readers will concur with our satisfaction at this termination ofa svstem of government as disgraceful as any thing whieb has existed in modern history when we employ these terms to express the character ofthe nea politan government we do not use them hastily nor without chic consideration it is perfectly true unci we know it that the character of tho king of naples was neither despotic nor even vicious in the moral sense of the word it is perfectly true that be is a man of simple habits of humane and benevolent leelings and of affable and ingenuous address but when wc have made tb.".e acknowledgments wc have saiel all that can be saiel in bis favor he is o prince if nol totally without education at least without anv of those benefits from culture which arc necessary to qual ify a person even for a kin p his understanding is of an inferior order his pleasures are in the chace 1 fe has no will of bis own because with out the information upon which lo form one he is ancl always has been governed by his favour ites and those favourites even in the best times ol that degree of talent and knowledge which we are accustomed to see in england "» men ap pointed tobe lord chamberlains and masters of ihe horse en masters of the ceremonies at hath or cheltenham whoever will become responsible for the payment of nine papers shall receive a tenth gratis aiivi.itti.skmknts v ill be inserted on the customary terms no advertisement inserted until it has been paid for nr its payment assumed by some person in this town or .'.-- vicinity respectfully your most obedient f tilgiiman rockland md j june 1 1820 cjfall letters to the editors must be post-paid or they v ill not be attended to * i can iri i c ] ou erne thai the average is a low attmc\5x*t\31u.li occasional articlea rilom tin mii.ti i\ti;i.i.iiii:m nil wc have noticed in some ofthe late numbers ofthe western carolinian that thc grand juries ol burke ancl rutherford counties have com plained ofthe unequal and oppressive system of representation that exists in our state under our present constitution we rejoice to see that this subject begins to excite so much attention iii the western part of our state ; ancl we know of no plan more effectual that can bc devised by which thc sentiments of thc people may be publicly known a presentment by the grand jury of a county wc know can be of little avail in itself yet it cannot fail lo indicate in what light the subject is viewed by thc great body of our west ern citizens v'e do not at all hesitate in de claring it as our opinion that their efforts though for a while ineffectual must ultimately prevail our eastern friends may not consent to a con vention this year or thc nc::l ; but wc think thc time is not far distant when a t]i,ta consideration for the interest of thc state and for die vital prin ciple of democratic representation must bring all parties to the same opinion we are willing to admit that the frame rs of our constitution have shown in that instrument a degree of wisdom above al praise and that tbe constitutions of states should never be attacked " for slight and transient causes ;" but the least reflection on our political situation must lead all candid men to deprecate our present system of territorial representation ; under which contrary to all the tenets of repub lican principles the minority instead of the ma jority clo really direct the councils ofour state j tiik j-l'lu.k . hail ! first of arts source of domestic ease ; abide ofthe land and patron ofthe seas management of a farm to tit editor iii thk amf.ltll v.n i'viimkii dr.ar sir i should have made my ac knowledgments for your late friendly letter hut for a lame hand which deprived me of the use of my pen i feel sensible that every aid should be rendered by the agricultural part of the community in not only dissemi nating your truly useful paper but also by furnishing remarks which mav have a tenden cy to throw light on the subject in com plying with your request to give a statement of the product of the farm i reside on i am induced by a desire to gratify you and with a hope that others may be led to offer sug gestions and experiments more useful ; con fident that with proper management and more personal attention my own may be greatly surpassed 1 may readily bc imagined what must have been ibe system of administration under such a king anel such ministers when a constitution so loose and open as to oppose no restraint whatev er bi ihe royal vvill rendered the actual govern ment of the country nothing more than the wiil and discretion of the minister of thc clay ar cordingly turkey alone excepted and scarcely excepted there were more examples of thc gross est tyranny and ill government in naples than in any other kingdom in lhc world almost all the barons ami who are nearly as numerous as our forty-shilling freeholders in england bad a si liorial jurisdiction on their lands — all their bar onies were franchises or rather county palatines tbey bud the power of impti-oniiient r.nd of all cm penal punishment short ol death ; thev tiicel dl offenders in their courts and imposed penal ties at iheir pleasure every man within their distric t was totally within their power and at their mercy they abused this power to the monop oly of all lhe necessaries of life and rl the pro duce ofthe laud no one could gather their own vintage nor reap the harvest on their own lands until tbe baron's steward made his circuit through every field and appointed the piota wbich everv one was to send to the baron at a fixed price — such price moreover to be fixed by the steward this monopoly extended to every thing all tin remaining produce might be sent to market but under the restriction that it must be ground at the baron's mill the farm contains by actual measurement two hundred ancl sixty acres including wood land roads homestead and waste-ground every field and lot on the farm is accurately surveyed which i deem absolutely necessary for here suffer me to remark that though i have often heard of fields producing forty or fifty bushels of wheat to the acre i bave nev er from twenty years experience been able to exceed thirty bushels per acre from a field of thirty-six acres though my neighbors have in some instances given me as high as forty i am led therefore to believe that those who are particular in surveying their fields and ascertaining accurately the number of bushels per acre have never from a field of forty acres made thirty-five bushels per acre the cleared land on my farm is divided and cul tivated in tbe following manner : i have sev en fields of 25 acres each on paper the fen ces will take off a little and five lots of dif ferent sizes from one and a half to seven acres the five lots together making 25 acres including the grounds about my house two ol tbe above fields are cultivated annually in wheat clover-hay one field in corn one half ol a field in rye and one half in oats ; this takes four of the seven fields and leaves me three fields in clover for pasture my wood land is inclosed separately which makes a fourth pasture field until harvest my five lots furnish my hay oats nnd rye always succeed corn and my fields of small grain are sown in clover every spring this has been my general plan for seven or tight vears 1 have the present year commenced a different course by keeping up one of my clover fields for soiling this mode i always highly ap proved though i could not prevail on myself to make the experiment we farmers my dear sir are too much vvedeled to old estab lished systems and frequently pursue them in direct opposition to our better judgment so iar my trial leads me to rejoice at the « hange ; and i am fully convinced that one f my fields of 27 acres well set with clover will soil lohead of steers afford me two acres or r-.m baga one acre for potatoes and leave m eight , r t . ., acrca tj e c j 0ver t(j f .. j . ,^ — «» metre — » — ea'traoriiinari corn a writer in the philadelphia american daily advertiser noticing an account of corn 14 or 15 feet high which was supposed to bc an uncom mon height says lhal mr jesse sharpless of that city " has had corn growing in rank luxuriance some feet higher lhan his three-story brie in use in market-street prodigious which house rises proudly pre-eminent above its compeers how ever improbable this may appear it is an abso lute fact and is not considered as a phenomenon by mr sharpless who possesses the means of producing this cloud-capped corn annually with out bestowing upon the culture of it any more labor than corn usually requires " after this j.ick-thc-giant-killer's bean which grew so high that the top was out of sight will hardly be con sidered fabulous wc clo not mean to say how ever that such corn never tcrew as is described ; but we should like mightily to see it • the next intolerable burl hen was in the taxes — not indeed in the rates but in the vexation ami merciless manner ill which tbey were collec ted the taxes like the baron's quota are in kind anel were assessed in the same manner the collectors travelled the country like the bar on's steward and like him surveyed every field severally tbey then affixed the portion to be paid bv the proprietor — ii thee were afterwards any failure of payment thc most merciless pro ceeding was resorted to — lhe family of the pro prietor was effectually eradicated from the e!i hi.t and the proprietor himself sent to a prison where he remained forgotten i'or ever an i there in most probably a prisoner for life besides there was a poll-lax or so much per head for ev ery male and female above twelve years old 5 the effect of which filled the prisons wilh defaulters from one end of the kingdom te the other all those who did not pay it were subject to be scir cd anel imprisoned anel as such imprisonment was afterwards reviewed by no one i was equiv alent as above saitl to imprisonment for life if a neighbourhood was at any time infested by moro beggurs than was deemed convenient they might be all seized for the poll-tax and sent by elozciis anel scores to the common jail in the capital i llll>l a hat vi i s v paper fem.ii.i inrustry we have just bad the pleasure of examining an elegant specimen of linen shirting in imita tion of fine irish linen manufactured by mrs l smith of middlchury in this county the neat and finished appearance of the fabric would do honor to our first rale manufactories and is an example of domestic ingenuity and industry wor thy the imitation of our fair country-women some estimation of its quality and texture may be obtained from the fact that mr j lay mer chant of this village paid mrs smith one dollar and fifty cents per yard for the whole piece warning to rusbanrs a farmer in the village of geneva n y in fatuated by a woman of abandoned character lately turned an amiable wife und children ou of doors to give room to a wretch who bad seduced him by her allurements information was riven to the magistrates thai he had absented himself from his wife and thereby violated the law : tbey accordingly directed the overseers of the poor to enforce the 22d section ol the act for the relief and settlement ofthe poor by taking anil seiz ing thc goods und chattels md to let out ami re ceive ilu auiiti.il ictus and profits of the lands and tenements of this unfaithful husband for ihe benefit i his wife und children : this was duly j performed a:u the alluring dulcina who had decoyed the unwary farmer into her snares n*>t having i lined a legal residence in the town w.i -, brought before the justices lo give on account ol herself she obstinately refused to give them my satisfaction »...•. was therefore convicted as a di orderly person und committed lo j.ul for sixty [ days al hard labor this is as it should be the security of person and property in the privileged classes depended only upon their own personal power the roads and caverns weie covered with travelling brigands so that travel ling alter sunset even in the vicinity ofthe cap ital was to expose the traveller to certain rob bery and probable assassination or murder women — young girls in particular were watch ed beyond the walls of a town or city and then seized and carried eifl to the house of any profli gate baron who miglu choose to employ his ser vants or hired brigands in such service it was totally fiiiiiles lo appeal tothe laws even where the criminal was known the judgment was intercepted by privilege fear or direct favor by privilege as perhaps the place where the act was comitted veas within the jurisdiction of some oth er baron and vv ho had therefore a right to hear and decide tbe cause in his own couit ; by fear as pet-taps ihe judge was personally threatened with he vengeance f the brigands in the inter it or employ of tht offeadei , and as he well knew the product of the above farm on an average is 1 100 bushels of wheat 1100 dc 400 ch corn oats 300 do rye 7000 weight of tor thirty w,n grass-fed beef between two mil ii.--.-c v head cf sheen kept winter j.v y_rk pt'fier