tfi !?'*"!' h ffjjwfitiftt pl bushed hv kl-ider 8c bingham the$l>.vi svxy is 1820 vol i..«.4..xoi 1 * the westerk carolinian in published eery tues day at three dollabs per annum payables at the end of every six months civilized nation and has been encouraged iiy every wise government ; so it ordinarily affords a greater share of contentment and happiness than perhaps any other calling of life as il is favorable tu morals so is it also favorable to health und strength of body exercise in the open air gives appetite and makes food delicious the laboring fanner has more pleasure in food as well as more enjoyment from sleep chan any ielle epicuie ever yet tasted ' lie inhales from his fields pleasant salubrious and invigorating perfumes his eyes are delighted while behold ing his hocks ancl herds and the progressive growth of his plants ancl vegetables when he has rendered a barren soil fertile by industry and skill or when lie has made a portion of wilder ness " blossom like the rose he rejoices in thc works of his hands ; his heart is cheered with an innocent antl rational satisfaction do much hint because the greatest partof.it will run oii directly and the sun and wind will soon dry that which may have penetrated into the cocks these cocks have therefore a great ad vantage over the common small and low ones ; for if a rainy season conies on these last will be so thorough wetted that the wind will not be able lo pierce sufficiently to thy them j of a soldier a politician and a statesman ~ his mind has been accustomed to dwell on the nature of governments and the revolt tions of empire ; subjects so v tst produce _» correspondent enlargement of intellect and sweep of comprehension the mind wiiuu i3 occupied in trifles will not be apt t ani 1 -. by its greatness or tistonitii by it_i magnift cence ; it may glitter but will never aze the peculiar character and magnitude of mr monroe's pursuits have withheld his atten tion from the minor and less important sub jects of literature and he is very far from what we should call a man of reading or gene ral science the knowledge he possesses has been acquired more by personal observa tion laborious reflection and frequent con versation than by the repeated perusals oi books to which his important occupation i would rot permit him to devote his time ; but he has examined and re-examined rhat knowledge till it has in fact become his own ; re-created by combination established bv practice and tested by experience it is said his mind is neither rich nor brilliant but capable of the most laborious analysis and the most patient research ; not hasty in its decisions and not easily changed when its decisions are formed judgment appears to be his prominent intellectual feature ; and in die examination of any object he seldom suf fcrs it tu be darkened by prejudice or warped bj passion mils brief sketch my lord will satisfy you i presume thut no man could be chosen better calculated to fill the dignified station he holds under this government and that no man could be more cordially and sin cerely disposed to further the interests ami to promote the prosperity and happiness of his country mr monroe has never been blessed with mule issue j and what is remarkable out of the live presidents who have served since thc organization of this government but one hau had sons 1 mention this merely as a curi ous circumstance mr j q adams the present secretary of state is the son of the second president ofthe united stales and a man of great talent information and indus try mr monroe since his elevation to lhe presidential chair is said to have discovered much sagacity in the selection of his cahinet council or executive officers these are the secretaries of state war treasury na v and attorney general all of whom with one ex ception possess the rare gifts of nature in no ordinary degn ; and who have already ren dered themselves conspicuous in the walks of literature the fields of eloquence and on the theatre of politics vou will understand that i do not mean to include in these remarks the secretary of the navy the exception i have mentioned with whom i have no ac quaintance ; and with whom from what o;msc i am unable to say the american public seem to be a little dir : satisfi.-d tj'ni paper will be discontinued until di irrcarag-_'.s arc paid unlcs.i at the discretion of the editors whoever will become responsible for tlie payment of r.bui papers shall receive a tenth gratis anv trims will be inserted on the customary no advertiaement inserted until it has been paid for or its payment assumed by somo person in this town or its vicinity it is a great prejudice to land lo mow it too often except it be land that is constantly mended with water floods and therefore when 301 have not that convcniency once in three years or every other year seed your mowing lands if you cannot get manure constantly lo keep them in heart ; for seeding is as necessary for liay ground as fallowing is for corn ground afcluulsi/nstlaii iii..m a xoi.-rur.r3 pubiication a n ii farmer £ n\\.\o m \\{ ; a * . f a ty vcwltvir c . v oivru a vr s ut " happy the man whose wish and care " a few paternal acres bound content to breathe his native air " in his own ground whose herds with milk whose fields with bread — whose hocks supply him with attire "\\ hose trees in summer yield him hade in winter lire industrious thriving farmers arc more inde pendent than almost any other men thc mer chant lies at the mercy of the winels and waves ; the trailer depends upon his customers the law yer upon his clients the physician and mechanic on their employers but the substantial farmer can supply most of his real wants from his land and whilst lie is less dependent upon men than others are his circumstances of life lead him to feel an immediate dependence on that being " who giveth rain from heaven and fruitful sea sens a friend 1ms lately furnished us with a small volume e-n titled " letters from u'asluiigton uu lhe constitution and laws ttiith sketches of some of the prominent pub lic characters of the united state written as it is now known by geough watei-sox librarian of the united states library from a hasty glance over the contents of this little pro duction we liiink it has considerable merit both for the beauty of the composition ami the correctness of , the portraitures wc trust we are not taking too j great :_ liberty with the author occasionally to present a tew of his pages to our renders j the following sketch of mr moxiiok is drawn with less embellishment than any of the others ; but being pres ident oi the i nited states we think he is entkled to the lirst translation to our columns lain us ivashlngtosf ..., 1813 is lhc united states the great body df the peo pie are cultivators of the ground all thc other i.i.izciis bear but a very small proportion in num ber to these this too will probably be the stale of things for many ages to come ; for the cheapness md inexhaustible ftleminess of land and the consequent dearness of labour w ill in all likelihood prevent for a long time the extensive establishment of manufactures the inhabit jiits of thc eastern and middle states generally cultivate their own land and arc lords of the soil ; and no circumstance can be more favorab.e to tlie support of freedom and independence idle ness with its train of destructive vices can never contaminate this body of men generally ; extra vagance and dissipation can never poison the great lfftes of them some farmers will be idle cntiavagunt and dissipated but these will bear 11 very small proportion to the whole number ln the common course of things there will al ways be among them tenfold more industry than i.ilencss ; tenfold more instances of saving econo niv than of waste and ruinous extravagance the daily occupations of farmers give them a jiecuiiar hardiness of body and mind and render the a more capable than others of sustaining the fatigues and braving the dangers of warfare — fccing owners of the soil they have a much greater interest at stake in time of invasion than those have whose property is moveable and can bc easily transported from one country to an other at the same time they are led by their hue rest to wish i'or peace with all foreign na ions and for quietness and order at home jt can never he for their interest to leave their farms and turn soldiers unless imperious ncces i'.y should call ; and it would be equally con trary to their inclinations therefore they would * e unwilling to engage in any but a necessary war ; and in such a war a war of invasion on tiie part of the enemy thev would not fail to bear a hand ; they would bc among the first to engage and the last to yield i'or these reasons together with others lhat are obvious the fanners are the great bulwark v of the country ami if our na tional independence and republican institutions bhctild lie preserved and perpetuated and cod grant they may be !) it would bc principally by means oi the substantial yeomanry a body of men the most incorruptible the most brave and hardy thc most attached to the country and in finitely thc most numerous all these circumstances put together there is good reason to conclude that the condition of thriving farmers is more free from disquietudes and more favorable to the enjoyment of content ment and happiness than that of almost anv other class of people indeed manv have been glad to exchange high rank and power for the retired and peaceful occupations of agriculture dioclcsian the roman emperor was one il'us trious instance that emperor after he had voluntarily left the throne employed himself in planting and gardening when being ur^ed bv maximilian to resume thc reins of government and the imperial purple he remarked that if he could show maximilian the cabbages which hc had planted with his own hands at solona he should no longer he urged by him to relinquish the enjoyment of happiness for thc pursuit of power lord b i had yesterday the honor of an introduc tion to mr monroe the present chief magis trate ofthe united states it is seldom says dr johnson that we find men or pla ces such as we expect t'j find them and 1 must confess that in the present instance the truth of this observation has bcen realized i found mr monroe a little different from what my fancy had pictured him but neither a lilh putian nor a patagonian he appears to bc between fifty and sixty years of age with a form above lhe middle size compact muscular and indicating a constitution of considerable hardiness and vigor his coun tenance exhibits lineaments of great severity and seems as il it had been seldom irradiated by the rays of j.>y or softened by the touch of sensibility ; he does smile however but not like shakspeare's cassius in si ell a sort as if lie mocked himself and scorned his spirit i hat could be moved lo smile at any tiling at these moments there is a benignity and suavity in him that invite confidence and re pel suspicion he is rather awkward in his address for a man who has mingled so much in polite society and his manners and habili ments are more those of a plain country gen tleman than an accomplished statesman or a profound politician awkwardness of man ners however seems to be more common among the americans than i had conceived their most eminent men are i think defi cient in that ease elegance and grace which distinguish the prominent political characters of france and england the nature ol their government has a tendency to beget this by preventing those sacrifices to the graces which arc made in lhe more refined and pol ished nations of kurope lhe importance and magnitude ot their pursuits and their general association with what we call the lower ranks of society preclude the acquisi tion of those exterior embellishments so in dustriously cultivated by our countrv.ncn a disciple of chesterfield with all his refine ment and fascination would be regarded in this country as a mere petit mctitt r calculated only to charm the eye and to fascinate ihe heart of female ignorance but 1 have»van dered from my subject mr monroe is at tached to what was once denominated the republican party ; for at present all party dis tinctions seem to be lost and the parties themselves wholly amalgamated in his political career he jus manifested the most unimpeachable r.nd unbending integrity and though long before the public h.,s seldom failed to meet the expectations and to gratify the wishes of the people that lie possesses ambition will not be denied ; but his ambi tion is limited to the attainment of excellence and distinction within the bounds of patriot ism and honor i he hat not the unbending sternncs of tato he has ihe more pleasing and benignant integrity of fabrlciu's mr monro entered early into public life and bas i pt-rf'»r:.v t\thr '..:::•■ i r g4_np.jcatc * riutfi •" • on making hoy as i'h.u ri s k ii in birolaxn the farmer may easily judge thc proper time for mowing grass by the quality of it when thc crop is very great it should be cut as soon as the bottom of thc grass begins to grow yel low ; for if it stands longer more will be lost by thc quantity of leaves rottctl at the bottom and the ill flavor which these will give to the rest than will be gained by its growth queen of england when other circumstances permit thc choice of time it should bc when the grass is in full bloom before the stalks begin to harden and rather early than late because the more sap re mains in the roots the sooner the next crop will spring up a dewy or dusky morning should be chosen for culling the grass ; because being then fullest of sap it stands best to thc scythe — when the high noon tide sun has dried thc grass and made it recline its head lhc mower will employ his time more usefully in making the hay already cut than in continuing to mow with great additional labor grass which no longer makes the due rcsistancs let the haymaker follow the mowers as fast as it is cut down espe cially if it lie so thick in the swarlh that neither lhc air nor sun can pass freely through it ; but if it is likely to rain let it remain in the swarlh — in the evening make it into grass cocks ; and the next day as soon as the dew is ofl the ground spread it again and turn it that it may wither on the other side then handle it and if you find it dry malie it up into huge cocks if the weather prove favorable during thc second day the grass will by that time bc so dry as to bear being kept in these cocks tiil the day on which it is te be carit-d when it should be spread over again in thi morning to receive a funher drying the following extract of a letter from the queen of england published in the london fun posscssi s consid erable interest as it throws a little light em the secret and abominable plans which have been resorted to to traduce her character to prevent the different powers of europe from treating her with i',<c least res pect and decency and even to destrot lief life ! indeed from the character of the exalted pei-sonage with whom she is connected and from the known obsequiousiiesh and servility of hi vassals no better treatment could have been expected from them hut th.it ihe govern ments on the continent should so far dive st themseb ett oi every honorable every noble feel as to become the protectors of assassins the persecutors ofa helpless ami rdn.ost friendless female would not be bejicvcriv were i not.for the ** diiowiingf iacts^which u fallowing jettvr discloses o-.ir farmers at the present day have advan tages much superior to those enjoyed in piece ii*.g ages great improvcfkients have been made in agriculture ai.d these improvements re still progressing ; great impro^jnents hnve id so been made in roads ; so that it is mudi easier i arrj ing pi otlucc to market than it was formerly public worship and village schools are uttended with more ease so ial intercourse is promoted nd friends and neighbors are brought as it weie x<xyh r to one another for if by reason of bcttei loads thc travel of ter miles is as easy now as i that 0 f «; vc miles wab formerly it is in effect the svimeas ifthelotal'tustaficc were shortened wmlus proportion extract j a tetter from the ffnem cf england dated ai home 0,1 the 16th of judreh ** during my residence at milan in cohse quence of the infamous behni inr of mr r.qi steda he having bribed my servants to beeomu the traducers of my character one of my i'-ltg lish gentlemen challenged l.im : the austrian government s<-nt off mr ompsteda ! wrote myself to ha emperor of austria requesting his protection against spies who employed p »• sons to introduce themselves into my hou.se nnd particularly into my kitchen to poi-e.ii the dish es prepared for my table i never received ■.<■*■ answer to this letter after this 2 was obli ged to go into germany to visit my relative ihc margravine of tiareuth the shurtct-'road '*». my return to italy was through vienna ; and i look that road with the tattering h ]>">'. tbi t tbjs emperor would protect me arrived wt vi<ii i,t 1 demanded public aattsjiciion for uiej public - hfi'.lt-i i .-."•■ .- ; v:.ix'_i *•; htftu-juruy ; ihis v the cocks ihoulctj-be made as tall ami taper as possible because the winds by passing through them will dry thc hay titvderutcly and equally j lwikh wtt *!-. v.-m vl v^r ,\ , ; .. •■ : ■ .,,,. ' *■ *• " aghctihuw i a burn ranked atni^r^lic jntow useful ami i._,-j.tf ! . le epiploymtn . ly _•«.. v