the carolina watchman bruner & james } r keep a check upon all vour editors if proprietors ) ruxers { new series tjo this m*fm liberty is safe < gen'l harrison ( volume vi number 13 salisbury n c thursday august 2 1849 k2"t a w of nex^spafexls ■ ci isider d as wishing t conliuu i m '-' ir if subscri_j__rs o^der the discontinuance of their pa i .- ilf publisher may continue tn seud them until ar b^ff/subscribi rs neg.ee orrefusc takingtheir papers ■ i r . offices in which they .■!-■■ sent they an held ■' , ,:_ !.],• nil their bills an settled and their paper or k r j ;,, 1 ■ discontinued '. j courts have decided that r.-fusing to take a . , v ii>fr nr periodical-from the office or removing i leaving it uncalled i't i *• prima facie evidence / , ntional fraud terms oi the watchman • - subscription per year,tsv*6 dollar — payable in advance bul if not paid in advance two d and fifty eta will be charged \ vi.r,thi-mi'..-.t>if first and 5 c ■ for each subsequeni im i courl orders < irgi 25 per ct highe than the rates a liberal deduc tion to those who advertise by the year ette-ts io ' ''"'"' ' " atheism we have incidently glanced at this er ror savs thc wilmington commercial of l e 19th instant as opposed to the success c f republican principles in europe we have also expressed the opinion that the preservation of our own free institutions lain depend upon a deep and abiding moral sentiment in the community and the genera prevalence of the christian reli gion we have entered into no labored argument on the subject but have been contr-tu.ro icier the intelligent reader to the teachings of history from which les ions of decided import are drawn the following article from the haiti m e sun of thursday last brings the matter to view in a clear light and in brief remark amongst the most fearful antagonists republicanism in europe has to encounter l infidelity — braggart infidelity ; and this klmo.st exclusively in its own ranks the locial elements ol europe are utterly de ranged and the most violent extremes en anger the popular cause and embarrass i nd degrade the truthful beauty and sim ile grandeur of republicanism we hold i wrselves ready to excuse many errors and ilunders committed in the cause of liber \ y and great excesses have a claim to dilation in view ofthe ignorance ofthe loople and the exasperation of men so ot tr debased by ihe excesses of despotism jut we cannot be blind to tacts osten i atiously displayed by men professedly of he democratic ranks — principles avowed i n fatal conflict with those upon which lopular liberty can ever find a secure and | ermanent basis there is hope for po itical liberty in europe in the sturdy arms : i and valarous hearts of a gallant people — but political liberty can only terminate in licentiousness and anarchy with such sen timents prevalent among the people as sonic of the apparent leaders of the pop ular cause are eager to declare we quote from a manifesto put forth by the convention of german democrats assem bled in switzerland : tip reform of the recent state of society must go hand in hand with and be made per i manutit by a reform in the system of education and pulilic instruction education and instruc tion mu.t therefore be stripped of religious i poubts and superfluities its sole object is to j make men lit companions for each other re ligion which must be banished from society trni.t vanish from the mind of man art and poetry will realise the ideas of the true the ' god aud the beautiful which religion places in an uncertain future the revolution generally destroys religion bj rendering hopes of heaven superfluous by establishing the liberty and welfare of all on earth we pay attention therefore to reli gious struggles and contentions the formation , ol free congregations and so lorth so far only as we may under the phrase religious lib ' my understand freedom from all religions we not desire liberty of belief but the necessi ty of unbelief in this as in all other respects : «(. wish lo break entirely with the past we . .'. not wish to ingraft a fresh branch upon a ratten stem j we in no respect desire reform jut everywhere revolution the design to strip education of reli gious doubts and superfluities may be tolerated in honesty of purpose lo separ ate religion from the state men may conscientiously believe that religion should *• bot be suffered to form a branch of gen eral public education and with a view of avoiding conllict to opinion may properly leave that subject to the influences of church or the domestic circle but the avowed purpose to destroy religion as means to the establishment of the liberty tod welfare of all on earth is a perver sion of reason too monstrous for belief — whatever the abuses of religion may be ar d ihey have been gross enough in all a s of the world under the intolerance ot dominant sectarianism they do not and cannot impair the reality and vitality of itself the simplicity of the reli pon of christ is reflected in republican m1 *- hie one referring to the spiritual governnuiit of man as a creature of the v iv|de will the other to the temporal or efot the race in the civil independence °' ie individual the latter is more ortifilex , nly because of the variety of ur relations and intercourse with each tei hut both are resolvable into the wple elements of benevolence and obe ncc the benevolence of god entitles m to the filial obedience of man in his p'ntual relation *. and man legislating for ise 1 copies to a feeble extent the di ne benevolence and cheerfully obeys z!rvl c cnacts for his govern an rem m tw ° must nd republicanism u ( . s „. m . ., f ° nd the latter will inevi ■ ' 1 ? c t anarchy and licentiousness 5 "^ mt ° j'rudhon the apostle of socialism pub j*es ihe following blasphemous absurd *" hatever may be our offences we are not iwij towards providence and if there is no 1 who befure us and more than us deserved w ' m name jjim god * tlie remedy of ' lu tii is to prove lo humanity lhat jod is'lhe enemy of man * * clod i know of no god : it is a mysticism *~ it is a redeeming merit to say of this man that he is the inflexible friend of hu man liberty let him have the benefit of it but what sort of liberty would this man inflict upon society ? who would assert his claim to such a diabolical inheritance ? we say that it is the misfortune of the people that such men can associate them selves prominently with the cause of lib erty ! but we have a singular corollary to the blasphemy quoted above from prudhon himself who at another time ac tually declares that " in the democratic and social ranks there are from 30,000 to 40,000 wild reckless ungovernable men over whom it is impossible to exercise any conttol whatever ah ! these must be the very disciples of prudhon the text and the commentary are inseparable and conclusive and where such doctrines are universal there will be a nation of wild reckless ungovernable men but such men and such damnable doctrines let us hope are but spots upon the broad surface of that honest enthusiasm which now animates the masses of europe in the cause of human rights to what extent such sentiments prevail however they constitute in a corresponding degree an in superable obstacle to republicanism from the language above quoted of the leaders in the tumult in europe for a de monstration headed by such men does not deserve the name of revolution it appears that ihey know nothing of the principles of true liberty which can only be enjoyed under the restraints of moral codes they have no idea of freedom except that which ; severs the bands of social order and repu diates the moral government of deity — we feared that such would be the exhibi tions of what was termed democratic zeal in europe and did not hpsitate lo express those fears in the incipient sluges of thc revolt in france the european population are not pre pared to enjoy constitutional liberty — nor j will they ever be till they learn to dis ! criminate between the priest and the al | tar — between the healthful operations of : law and ils abuse by tyrants there is no prospect of advantage in ' the reform proposed it is but a proposi tion to change a system of oppression de fined and understood the severity of which i may be softened by obedience — for the uncertain rule of merciless and capricious men devoid of humanity the slaves of prejudice and passion : in short the em bodiment of all thc evil dispositions and horrible propensities that have ever at tended the progress of jacobinical infi ' delity deaf to thc warnings of historical truth the people of europe in most cases have \ commenced a war against their rulers without invoking a blessing from the su j preme ruler of the universe — nay they scoff at thc idea of even his existence and shut iheir eyes to the brilliant rays by which the truth of revelation is conveyed to the mind and heart of intelligent man i they cannot succeed under a policy so wicked and absurd ; and it is folly for us who enjoy and understand the blessings of free government to rejoice at efforts having no relationship with our own glo rious revolution — no sympathy with that sacred freedom which exists under the i shadow of the throne of the most high j died in buncombe co on the 7th june henry west in the 88th year of his age mr west was a remarkable man lie was enlisted under paul jones ;" made his escape from a man of war some time near l 780 and made many other hair breadth escapes about forty years ago he was taken up on suspicion of murdering mr craig of buncombe and circumstan ces were so strong that he was condemn ed to be hung and was on the scaffold and the rope " nicely adjusted about his neck when through the intervention of col erwin and others a respite came from the governor and " spoilt all thc fun and henry west lived till 1849 he read his bible systematically and swore by rule and both were daily per formed he had procured his winding sheet socks c some two or three years before death also one or two coffins one of which he would not be buried in be cause he had a falling out with the maker of it henry west will long be remember ed in buncombe for his many singular ec centricities cholera in cincinnati and st louis — the number of deaths in cincinnati du ring the month ending july 10 was 3018 of which 2175 were by cholera the aggregate number of interments in st louis from the 2d january 1849 to the oth july are stated by the city re gister to have been 5,537 of which 3.2g2 were deaths from cholera with the ex ception of the last week in february there has not been for the period of six months and a quarter but a single week iu which ihere have not been deaths in st louis from cholera flowers of rhetoric — we imagine that the ! sole organ will get its vocahulary of vitupera tion pretty well aired before the summer is i ° v er it now styles gen taylor a " whiten . od sepulchre ;" next day a " brave old soldier make a note of it and see what the pepper box will sprinkle lhe next time il is turned up republic sympathy with hungary we publish the following with plea sure : — department of state ) washington 25th june 1819 $ l r breisach esq new york — sir — i am requested by the president to acknowledge the receipt of your letter to him of the oth inst and the printed ac count ofthe proceedings of the meeting ofthe hungarians and others in n york these proceedings have not escaped at tention the government and the people of this country are profoundly interested in the events which are now passing in hunga ry and all information calculated to throw light on the present struggle between that country and austria and russia cannot fail to be welcome it is the policy and practice of the uni ted states to recognize all governments which exhibit to the world convincing proofs of their power to maintain them selves if hungary sustains herself in this un equal contest there is no reason why we should not recognize her independence congress it is believed would sanction such a measure and this government would be most happy in that event to enter into commercial as well as diplo matic relations with independent hun gary i am sir respectfully your obedient servant john m clayton an imposition — we have received the following communication from a citizen of botetourt county whose name is now in our possession it discloses an instance of imposition which demands public re probation and which we presume will attract the attention ofthe officers in the patent office : — rich times from thc richmond times improvement in steam-boiler furnaces gentlemen : it will not i hope be es teemed unamiable to give honor to whom honor is due in 1844 my townsman capt john m harvey made an impor tant discovery in steam-boiler furnaces and after a personal interview with him by a henry f baker of boston massa chusetts and a minute description in wri ting of the discovery and the construc tion by the former tobaker.it is announc ed as if the discovery had been made in the old bay state much to the surprise j and indignation of this community mr j harvey the sole inventor of the impor j tant improvement noticed so flatteringly : in the washington republic ofthe 4th j inst will make good his claim in the j courts ofthe country and i am happy to j know that to him the words of the roman satirist is not applicable : '• moveat cornicula risum furtivis nudata coloribus buchanan botetourt co july 14 1849 coach and carriage making es -&_/ s^_h bfwfflbj the copartnership of witherspoon.pritchard ___. co having been dissolved by mutual consent the bu siness will hereafter be conducted under the name of pritciiard roseborough & co in losing mr i a witherspoon we have lost a gentle man and an agreeable copartner but we trust have not lost that principle that should actuate honest men in the transaction of business and in offering ourselves to the public in the carriage making business pledge ourselves for the faithful performance of our en gagements we have no disposition to puft our estab lishment in the public prints being assured that time and the character of our work will secure to us a share of public favor we are thankful for that already received and would advise our friends and the public to take care of no 1 and go where they have the most confidence — best treated and get the best job for their money our work shall not be interior to anv in this part of the world pritciiard roseborough & co mocksville n c jan 11 1849 tf36 the undersigned having been connected with the a bove establishment from its commencement in mocks ville until very recently and having a knowledge of the qualifications of the gentlemen in charge can assure the public that they are prepared with good workmen and materials can execute in as good and fine a style as heretofore and cheerfully recommend them as worthy of public patronage i a witherspoon h reynolds mm aawnrar & 3?&&s&s have received a large supply of fresh garden seed and as they were selected by a friend of theirs who has for a long time dealt in that line of busi ness they therefore recommend them to their friends and the public generally as the besl article of garden seed that have ever been brought to this market among them may be found snap refugee french china dwarf butter and lima beans ; long green and ear ly cluster cucumber ; okra assorted ; parsnips assort dwarf marrowfat and early frame peas ; red and yel low tomatoe ; early yellow sugar red turnip long blood and white suaar beets ; early york sugar loat winter drumhead flat dutch red dutch and mountain snow head cabbage ; long orange carrot ; ice and snow head letuce ; long scarlet radish purple turnip early bush squash march 1 1849—43 price & utley fashionable tailors concord n c april 27 1946 52 land deeds beautifully printed and for sale here another speech by mr ben ton mr benton lately delivered another speech in missouri on the subject of slave ry and the wilmot proviso it was ad dressed to the people of lexington and occupied upwards of two hours in its de livery as its substance is stated through the telegraph — mr benton went into some historieal detail to show the constitutionality of the wilmot proviso in its application to the new territories he said lhat lhe intro duction of the proviso into the oregon bill which passed last august was a de liberate assertion of the unlimited power of congress over slavery in the territo ries that congress had passed the bill and president polk had signed it after the fullest consideration ; and that in so doing the legislative and executive branches of the government had solemn ly acknowledged the proviso to be both constitutional and expedient ■ the passage of the bill organizing a territorial government for minesota du ring the last session without even an ob jection from mr calhoun was another admission of the constitutionality of the provision the missouri resolutions of instruc tion col benton dissected with great mi nuteness showing that their spirit was that of pure nullification which if car ried out would lead to disunion and he pledged himself and the state of missou j ri to sustain gen taylor in preserving i the union i_cc i mr brown of the herald ashboro n c \ is entitled to all the credit of authorship of the , piece below it is good and we heartily en ! dorse the moral " i'll go and catch another we adopl ihis as our motto henceforth be cause it was taught us by a child a beautiful litlle girl often years she and her compan ions were fishing in a small steam when we ; chanced lo pass that way " i have caught a cat fish said she seizing it at the same time with her pretty little hands she was standing on the brink of the streamlet from which she had just taken the struggling prisoner and er hibiting all the marks of triumphant joy when suddenly the victim gave a flounce and fell into tbe water our little angel made a vain effort to regain possession oflhe prize and momenta rily gave a most expressive look of disappoint ment and regret springing up after a mo ments reflection hope and joy overspread her fine countenance when skipping off to another point she exclaimed " well i'll go and catch another .'" if thousands who have attained the age of maturity would follow the example of this interesting child how much unhappiness would be subdued ye who would be happy take fir your motto " i'll go and catch anolh ___ i er ! supposed a young spark or old one for they sometimes fish too has dropped his hook in the stream of courtship and pulls out not ex actly a " cat-fish but a fish of another sort and different element and the fish eludes him and after shaking her u f ounce gets hack into the streamlet ; no doubl " springing up after a mo ment's reflection hope and joy overspreading ' his countenance he will exclaim " there are'as good fish in the sea as as any caught out ' i'll go and catch another " h n internal improvement to the hon john m morehead chair man of the executive committee of the salisbury convention rome g 22d june is 11 mv dear sir — i arrived here last night and avail ofthe first day's pause in my journey to present in compliance with your request my views upon some of thc topics which were discussed in the salis bury convention 1 will three millions of dollars the sum contemplated by the charter be suf ficient to construct and equip the road ? i confess that when my attention was first turned to this inquiry i entertained seri ous misgivings upon the subject i have availed myself of every reliable source of information within my reach at present entertain no doubts upon it i have travelled five times over the main stem of the georgia rail road ex tending from augusta to atlanta 171 miles with a branch from union point to athens of 39 miles making the aggre gate length of 210 miles the distance from charlotte via salis bury and raleigh to goldshorough by the road ordinarily travelled is about the same distance 210 miles the letter from judge king president ofthe geor gia rail road which i read to the conven tion and a copy of which i communicate herewith is to my mind entirely satisfac tory the inquiries submitted to him have been proposed to many intelligent persons familiar wiih such subjects and i have found no one from camden to this place who distrusts the accuracy of this eminently practical statesman on my present journey i passed over the first 120 miles from augusta in the night the 52 miles of road from the social circle to atlanta are constructed over a country more undulating present ing deeper ravines more frequent ledges and larger masses of rock than will be found in the most difficult section of out road i happened to find two gentlemen in the cars/one a native of go.lford the other of chatham residing at prese nt in mississippi and georgia bolh of them ! mach more familiarly acquainted with j the country between haw kiver and ra j icigh than myself who concurred with me | in opinion that the difficulties to be en j countered east of haw river are by no i means so great as those wliich have been i overcome on the georgia road j it is almost superfluous to remark tbat j the same amount of labor can at all times i be performed for less money with us than * here.on account of the comparative cheap ness of wages and provisions and the i greater salubrity of our climate tbe slaves engaged in these operations in georgia are at present hired at an aver age price of 6100 per annum if then j such a rond as that described bv judge king can be built and equipped for sl'j 500 per mi • ia georgia that sum will be tound ample with us the line of rail road between ualeigh and goldsborough will more probably exceed than full short of the distance by the road ordinarily tra velled suppose ihen instead of 210 it proves to be 30 miles in length it will be perceived that we will have something more than 813,000 per mile the branch road from kingston to this place completed about six months ago is but is miles in length and cost with all the appurtentances aboat 87,000 per mile the nett prolits for the lirst half year are equal to 1 per cent the president of the company is a native nortli carolinian a shrewd man whom 1 have known famil iarly from my boyhood and is one of ma ny competent persons who have express ed to me the confident belief that the an ticipations of judge king under judicious management will be fully realized ma ny errors productive of heavy losses wero committed on all the roads in this state in the infancy of the system which expe ■ rietice will enable us to avoid in the ; construction of the ualeigh and gaston \ and wilmington and ualeigh rail roads we have purchased some knowledge at a high price and yet our blunders were of ( small moment compared with georgia : and south carolina errors the former . endeavored to escape from her perplexi j ties by suspending all operations in her great work — the western and atlantic rail road — and directing it to be sold to the best bidder at a price not less than a million of dollars fortunately for her j best interests no purchaser could be ob | tained and after the embankments had | been greatly injured bridges burned and superstructures decayed her legislature i was induced to enter with increased en ergy upon her great enterprize she has now about 6c0 miles of road in success ful operation her scrip is at pur her rail road stock is generally at a premium she has one of the b«st devised systems of in ternal improvements in the i'nion and if not so already promises at no distant day to be the most magnificent of the southern states in december 1s37 the georgia rail road terminated at greensborough 83 miles from augusta the western and atlantic road beginning iu the wilderness at what is now the flouiisbiug town of atlanta 2s miles beyond giecusborough was graded nearly to the tennessee line i travelled in the cars to greensborough and in stages along the proposed line of road to cassville 1 came to the conclu sion at the close of my journey that a ma jority of the people in north western georgia not merely believed tbat the road never would or could be completed but were anxious for tbe immrdiau abandon ment of an impracticable and visionary scheme the expression of opinions of this character was by no means confined o the ignorant but wns heard from the lips of gentlemen of high reputntion the possibility c.i constructing the road with any means at thc command of georgia was not only denied hut it was gravely insisted that no such improvement was necessary — that if the road were comple ted the country would be found to pro duce for exportation nothing but " apples and feathers in my subsequent visits i perceived as lhe road advanced the tribe of croakers retired the entire race has now ceased to exist on my pic cut journey 1 have found no one who would not resent as an imputation of defective intelligence or patriotism the suggestion that lie had at any time or under any circumstances op posed this great scheme of state policy the day may not be far distant when the derided stockholders in our present rail roads may be regarded as successful pioneers in a noble system of improve ments i low such n result may be pro duced i may attempt to show hereafter north carolina like georgia has made an ineffectual eiibit lo sell out ; whether she will furtlier emulate the example of her sifter and icork out is now to be de termined 2 taking it for granted that three mill ions will prove an ample fund to cons struct and equip the road the more cl i tii cult inquiry remains to be answered how cun that three millions be obtained ? in the first place a million of dollars in the stock of the company must be sub scribed by individuals work to the value of half this sum must be done and then they nre authorised to call i'or a subscrip tion of two millions on the part of the stute the state is then to pay her sub scrip-ion pari passu with the individual stockholders ns the work progresses in her own six per cent bonds winch she wili not permit to be sold for less than par can these state bods be exchanged for cash at par ? ii wc were compelled to throw tbe whole amount at once upon be domestic market or to rely exclusive ly upon a foreign market success would be more than doubtful it is very desira ble if possible to absorb this public debt generally among ourselves and this i think may be accomplished to a very great extent in l tfl*utsk ofthe contractors will be able and will e to retain a considerable portion of sfir receipts in this permanent and lor ss reason desirable species ol invest mr calhoun's reply mr calhoun has published twenty col umns in the pendleton messenger in re ply to col benton's speech he treats benton personally with the utmost scorn and contempt and has done for him what he had previously done for calhoun — used : him up we copy the following abstract : from the columbia tilt-graph for the benefit of the few who cannot | find leisure to peruse thc whole we will j give a brief synopsis of the positions ta ken by our eminent statesman : mr c commences by declaring hisen : tire indifference to any attacks emanating \ from mr benton personally but explains i his reason for noticing his last assault j which was a blow aimed equally at him i self and the southern people under the pretext of self-vindication to subserve his ! double purpose of aiding the freesoilers i and paralyzing the efforts of those true to j the section he has abandoned the reply j commences with an examination into mr | b's pretext that the resolutions introduced by mr c in the senate in february 1847 aimed at disunion mr calhoun quotes these resolutions and in a few terse and pregnant paragraphs proves the utter futility of such an assertion show ing clearly that they assert only funda mental propositions which have not and cannot be denied the assumptions of mr benton that such was the motive ; they were intended to prevent any com promise and that they are identical with the accomac resolutions ; in the face of his own opposition to the policy to the on ly compromise that had a chance of pass ' j ing in congress are commented upon with just severity the still more frivolous pretexts that mr calhoun was the real author of the wilmot proviso and that the missouri compromise was identically the same measure in another form are as easily dis solved and shown to be mere bubbles of mr benton's brain unfounded in fact and false in theory — while his assent to the oregon bill with that obnoxious feature in it is held up as a commentary on the truth of his professions of zeal for south ern rights he then passes on to the charge made by mr benton of his having while a member of mr monroe's cabinet admitted the constitionality of the mis souri restriction and shows that the pre tended proofs adduced to sustain it are utterly unreliable — no written opinions having been submitted for want of time and the diary of mr adams not being re liable evidence on the point from his want either of memory or impartiality the draft of a letter purporting to be mr monroe's is shown to throw no light on the matter whatever even if genuine from the vagueness of the terms in which it is couched mr c then proceeds to recapitulate the action of congress and his own course and mr benton's respec tively on the different questions that have arisen in congress involving the rights of the slaveholding states and passes rapid ly in review the attitudes taken by each in relation to the florida treaty and to the annexation of texas unfolding the inconsistencies and treachery of the mis sourian in these matters the creole and encomium case is also explained and mr benton's assertions disproved by facts on record he then concludes by assailing mr benton in his new position as an ally of the enemy — and this portion of his argu ment is worthy of the closest study — and proves conclusively that his alliance is worth as little as his enmity for his falla cies are shown to be as transparent as his vanity the closing paragraphs strip off the jackdaw plumes of patriotism in which the pretended lovers of union have ar rayed themselves to serve as scarecrows to those freemen of the south asserting their equal rights under the constitution ; and boldly does this true son of the south proclaim that we should " manfully do our duty to save both the union and ourselves if it can be done consistently with our equality and our safety ; and if not to save ourselves at all events — adding " that in doing so we should but follow the example of our washington in the great struggle which severed the union be tween the colonies and the mother coun try — an illustration pregnant with mean j ing warning and example may friends | and foes both profit by it this meagre abstract does no justice to this masterly appeal to the southern peo ple — and we would earnestly urge every man who would master this great theme to read mark and inwardly digest these last utterances of the great champion of the south thc legislature of new hampshire have unanimously voted to present a suit able block of granite to the washington national monument with the name ofthe state inscribed thereon agreeably to the suggestion of the board of directors of the association and hav appropriated 300 to the object new hampshire is the first state which has adopted the sug gestion we saw yesterday another enormous , block of marble drawn along pennsylva nia avenue by eight or ten horses intend ed for some particular position in the mon ument — nat int