Carolina Watchman

              ,-. ... j of tbe watclinaah *".'.;..,•, v .'!'•■ dollai parable in t paid in a ivan . 1 t 1 fori 25 cts i barged i educ u a ivi rtise ! v lhe yi i r editor musl carolim watchman first settlements i iredell coonty mi bo wba rivers and . r ol mai > who now reside here were most - - r bowevi but times h ive peare i here in their ; kilts and .- ':.< . i clothes ; ■ shoe buckles ments ol tbe highlanders il . ind formerly ■ '; in i " 72 about a d zen r ime and settled noi far from vicinity ol « hei e ste r ch is — m inti sh s t hi m - '. i in campbell was a kiml 1 v them m hei i them . an li am formed about the same time was lance south or south easi from states ,' continued to come ti i within the present - ine who came in 1804 returned to cana it is said by rning the great wealth of re here before them ; and the immense es thi did not remain long nl to the government un ised others have emigrated tb | i -•■ il b :• few fani from mr foote's scots they were transplant er root and thriving there 7 .- ■ emigrated to america al i i . j came directly here ; most ' ime in penns i anh many some young men worked their ■ i lhe iiiji : and finding partners in penn _ lin with all their possessions lhe promised land and came into state of their first adoption ibitants in it we see in ihem even then them ever - ince a de ire for more spai e ;" the same restlessness i tn still onward to iiii the whole south it .'•/ />_.... through it they could nor ig place in the < l dominion because the . ere oppressive lo dissenters from the estab i i ould not there enjoy whai here ■ linn to worship god though i i ihey labored under some disabili ghany mountains seem to have irrier to their emigrating westward n thai ther with the bavages on that side to . rection southw ... i • i ame into iheir possession il nd : very much the west and altogether different ii what it now is it was thal the sighl would ■ ms were thick cane ivered wiih a luxuri . nl v huh bolh ca nd what is strange itry a century t;o nt in . . ■■. whai k:::d of a plant il w7:s — ill i_mh!s were turned loose lo iced upon it and n even in winter wolves panthers bears deer and various ie land furnish ers wiih iii abund i i es were pro the blue u idge : not ■ i supposed v ithin the mem some deer remain but s can relate their exploits bears in this vicinity i ii iosty to see ine of those ini - re found in the wes - xhich once traversed this land ; and n il ihey iiml the aboriginal inhabitants i forever there are traditions connect b i haloes were once seen con and where they were slaugh n anecdote is related of a la 12 nr 14 years oi lhe name ol rath « ith lhe young of he family went ime into the ' ither's gun he put . i the cabin and brought round bui • might have is ; though in the « ilder ihe settlements were sparse and the ■ yet such a breach of the iment could not pass unpunished a kepi in reserve for the young mon lay morning his parents were ug a buffaloe on the sab ■ red himself tn be shot this is importance • ven then in the lark woods the au his day must be kept holy ers of lhe sabbath these little w that ihev were good men and true 7 we fear that there has heen a the lays of our fu se ofthe community is greatly ird to ihe sanctity of the sabbath • 7 surveys of been in this region were taken in ' >'•'! this v i ounty nnd so ':' in it.'i.'l : or till that died in 1 756 each county 11 west 111 luded ail the white settle n ction until another was eul off the bom is a - was run out ti in february 17.m a tract yed for ol3 wm morrison on third reek nd another the l.th of july the same year re conveyed by patents from the karl of led by the notorious francis corbin mi of statesville stands was pro ewhat eariier the corner ot one of ned surveys is stated to he in the line of ho was the firsi owner ol ihis land his 1 1 but the survey might have been he deeded it to fergus sloan io 1755 eyed it to the town commissioner ■ 1 there is reference made to these worth mentioning th_t when the - ■■'• the lots in every instance we have ve inserted in the deeds 1773 and tes 753 and 1755 making ; ty yearn 1:1 to wm morrison just mentioned '|» county and in the eastern part of > be se„ied before this : it wi have been very early the carolina watchman bruner & james ) * 7tv .;.„... f 7 , ( keep a check upon am roust jcsuitors cv proprietors \ ,, jlk ' 1 kl leks . new series u :■;:-. wo l gen'l.han / xumber 25 of volume iv salisbury n c thursday october 2 7 mr caruthers in > says t_at the ■ ri-b did " no i n to come into th - state in imbers before 17 16 an i lhe tide of emigration continued twenty-five or thirty years bul the coun ties ■■:.-■ ol us and bbrderin ; on virginia wo'uld first be and caswell had not more ihan ten fami ■ fore 1755 i j ::■■-' defen ' ■ -•' te ! that the fiisi mecklenburg came in it.".1 ; john i ilyphanl must have ' :'-' asearly as that : his father died in pennsylvania and he being lhe oldesi son brought ins mother an i a large family and took up his abo - ford on the catawba : his house the boun lary oi centre congregation in this direction in the same year 1750 geo davidson the father of gen v m davidson came from lancaster co penn cabin on this side of davidsons creek on i'l i the road from ihis place io centre church where is now an old house the successor and nearly on lhe 9ite of the oi antiquas ' life of caldwo i p 65 3 to be continued speech of mr webster delivered at the whig state convention at springfield september 29 1817 mr president with others who have the honor of representing th\s common wealth in the congress of the united states 1 have come here to-day solely at lhe request ofthe whig state committee i need hardly say sir that it gives me greal pleasure on this as it bas done on former occasions to meet so large and re spectable a representation of the whigs of massachusetts in the more especial duty assigned to tbe convention of selecting candidates for the chief offices of tbe state 1 had no ori ginal duty assigned to me 1 may ven ture however sir to express my gratifi cation at the great unanimity which has marked the proceedings of the conven tion in presenting to the people of mas sachusetts again persons so well known for their principles so well known for their opinions so weil known for the fidelity with which tbey adhere to principle and opinion i suppose mr president tbat so far as those of us who belong to congress were expected to take any part in tlie deliber ations of this assembly.it was only looked for that we should express our opinions : upon the present state of national affairs in the crisis i think an imminent one at which we have arrived i could have de sired sir that some of my colleagues of better health and more ability had pre ceded me in submitting any remarks to lhe meeting but as it is sir being ap parently called upon i am here ready to express my opinions humble as tbey are frankly on any subject and every subject that is interesting to the peof.de of this commonwealth tbere is nothing i wish to put forward ; thank god there is noth ing 1 shrink from we are in my opinion in a most unne cessary and iherefore most unjustifiable war 1 hope we are near the close of it i attend carefully and anxiously to every rumor and every breeze that brings to us any report that the effusion of blood caus ed in my judgment by a rash and unjus tifiable proceeding on the part of the go vernment may cease in this state of public affairs in this state of excitement of public feeling which we know upon this subject of war pervades all classes and all ranks i have first to say sir that any counselling from me and i am sure that any counselling which this body would receive from me will not entrench upon tbe loyalty which we owe to the constitution ol tiie country and the obe dience which we are bound to pay to the laws we are bound sir to consider tbe na ture of the government under which we live there must be in every government some supreme power some ultimate will from which tbere is no peaceable appeal in mixed monarchies like that of england the sovereign will resides wilh the king and the parliament iu despotic govern ments it reposes solely in the breast ofthe monarch as in russia austria and else where put witb us under our free e publican and representative government this public will which we all agree mu.t in the end prevail unless from peace we resort to force consists in the expressed opinion of tbe majority ascertained ac cording to the principles of the constitu tion within the limits prescribed by the constitution and pronounced agreeably to its forms we must submit to this will and opinion or we give up all government and surrender ourselves to a state ot anarchy the law of majority according to our es tablished forms a majority ascertained in agreement with the principles of the con stitution is tbe law which you and i and all of us are bound to obey sir 1 should hardly have adverted to this if i did not think tbat i see alloat in the community signs somewhat of a dan gerous tendency i agree that all powers may be so abused as to recjuire resistance whether it be the power of an autocrat of a king and parliament or of a majority : all power in human bands may be so lar abused may make so flagrant a case as to render it just in tbe forum ot'eonscience to resist its power that is not tbe exer cise of a political right under the consti tution of tbe country but tbe exercise of a natural right against the constitution — now sir i suppose we are all here to-day with a design to act here and elsewhere in our several capacities in the exercise of our political rights under tbe constitu tion of our country and not in the exer cise ol our natural rights against the con stitution sir tbere is not one of us here who has bad the honor of bearing any of '"*"-»^— ' ■ ■ ■' — 1 lice high or low in tin united states go vernment or any state government who has not su;orn that he will support the constitution ot the united states and no man is ignorant ofthe fact the constitu tion ofthe united states confers on con gress the power of making war and therefore there is no man so ignorant as not to know when that power has been exercised according to the forms of the constitution that the expressed will of congress is the law ofthe land and isthe rule of every citizen's civil obligations — we may oppose and are often in duty bound to oppose counsels which we think lead to war or other disastrous consequen ces i hope that for one i have not been altogether negligent of this duty but when the deliberations of government re sult in a law then that law is of course to be regarded i have already said that i regard the present posture of public af fairs as imminently critical and danger ous ; and that it calls for the most serious and anxious consideration of all whigs throughout the country uut let our coun sels be as temperate as they are lirm and decided there are those who think that violence is strength that 1 bold to be a great mistake violent counsels are weak coun sels ; violent conduct is weak conduct violent language is always weak language our highest purposes 1 may say our bold • est resolves then most recommend them selves to the acceptance ofthe community when tbey are announced certainly with clearness and force but also with decorum and dignity ; with a just respect for our selves and a just respect for others the great dramatis instructs those who would excel in the power of moving men's minds not to tear a passion to rags and tatters but in tbe torrent and whirlwind of their emotions to observe a just temperance that sobriety of sentiment that sobriety of language which proves men in earnest allow me to say it is not the noisest wa ters that are the deepest ; nor has it al ways been found that that spirit which is most inclined to vapor wben danger and disaster are at a distance is the firmest in breasting them on their near approach with these remarks sir upon the tone and temper which in my opinion belong to ail constitutional whigs here and else where i shall proceed to make a few re marks upon tbe leading and most inter est iug topic of tbe day i have said sir that we are engaged in a war in my opinion unnecessary and therefore unjustifiable i hold it to be a war unconstitutional in its origin i hold it to be a war founded upon pretexts sir the law of nations embodying the gener al sense of mankind instructs us that the motives of war are good or vicious — where war is founded on a conviction of necessity in a sole desire to promote the public good or defend the national inter est it is a good motive when founded in any oblique purpose ; or unjust purpose when waged only for conquest for gain for acquisition for renown to gratify pri vate ambition or for party purposes ; the motive is vicious and the law of nations goes further it maintains this distinction that there may be causes for a war which would justify the war so far as the oppo site nation is concerned and yet not fur nish a good motive for a war because good motives for a war while they re quire always a good cause require some thing else they require that war should not be waged except from necessity and for just and important rights of the country now sir the law ol nations instructs us that there are wars of pretexts the his tory of he world proves lhat there have been and we are not now without proof that there are wars waged on pretexts ; that is on pretences : where the cause as signed is not tlie true cause that i be lieve upon my conscience is the true cha racter oi the war now waged against mexico 1 believe it to be a war of pie texts ; a war in which the true motive is not distinctly avowed but in which pre tences afterthoughts evasions and other methods are employed to put a case before the community which is not the true case i think sir there are three pretexts all unfounded upon which this war has been attempted to be justified in various modes and on various occasions th .- president of the united states in his war message ol the lltli ol may 1846 puts the ground ot declaring war upon the fact that the mexican government had invaded the territory of the united states and shed american blood upon american soil — now in my judgment this is not a correct statement of tbe case the president of the united states had ordered the army of the united states as early as january 1840 to move beyond what mexico in sisted was the boundary of texas and place itself upon the uio grande after that position bad been taken blood was indeed shed on the left bank of that river hut was that american soil ? it was soil claimed indeed by the united states but which claim congress had never asserted it was territory claimed also by mexico is much and as firmly as the.city of mex ico itseif and it was at the time in the actual possession of mexico the most favorable presentment iherefore is this that we having a claim to territory of which the other party was in possession marched an army into it to take posses sion is not lhat war upon our side ' i am of opinion therefore that the declara tion in the message of the 11th of may 18-1(5 upon which the act ol congress ol tbe 1-3 li was founded lhe declaration that war existed •• by the act of mexico can not be made out by any evidence in point ot lact and if so then the cause assign ed in the president's message was a pre text now i look upon the war as commenc ed the army of the united states was ordered to advance into territory claimed by mexico and actually pos>esv*ed by her it it were our own case l have no doubt that we should regard such an invasion of our possessions as an act of war but although this was the main point upon which the recognition of war was placed by the president no sooner was the war declared than further pretexts were resorted to one was the refusal of the mexican government to receive pendenl state ami ng states of lhe earth 1 do not admit therefore that it was anj just ground of complaiut on lhe part o mexico that the united suites annexe texas to themselves but mexico did take offence at the annexation long as texas had been independent/notorious as was the fact that the governments ol europe as well as or own bad ad milled ihe nationality of texas mexico persisted in saying that it was her province : and she would noi live oa terms of entire am ity and friendly confidence with the uni ted states although she did not o to war her minister almonte went home . u would not receive our minister : she lie came gloomy sulky and discontented : and that was the condition of things im mediately after the annexation of texas and at the commencement of mr polk's administration our minister but where was that ever made a cause of war . because a for eign government chooses not to have di plomatic intercourse with us is it for the president to say that that is a just cause of war ? k is no just cause ; and even were it just and proper it is no sudden emergency authorizing the executive to plunge the government into hostilities es pecially when congress is in session rea dy at any moment to receive ot!ici n formation from the president and to act upon it 1 look upon it therefore that this ground is a mere pretext then comes another mexico if is said had declined and refused to pay the debts due from herself to citizens of the united states 1 believe that is true but that was not put forth as the cause of war in lhe message of the president on lhe 11th of may ls4 it is not in the act of con gress of the 13th of may it is not there fore the cause put upon record for the act of the government it is an after thought and here again this matter of debts and claims of citizens of the united states upon mexico is of long standing and was well known to congress to whose attention it had often been called yet congress the constitutional and only con stitutional war-making power had never judged it proper lo declare war against mexico on this account the conduct of mexico was as reprehensible six months i think that the object of this war wa simply this mr polk became president ol the i ruled states in march 1845 in june 1815 santa anna was banished from mexico to cuba on what is called half pay he seems to have been disconten ted with his situation at cuba and 1 am strongly suspicious that the •• half-pay never was paid through 1845 the con dition of things between us and mexico was thus angry and unsatisfactory not to trouble you sir with many dates a low me to approach a period of some interest fc s 1 ja|ju 1s he army oftbe united states which in the summer preceding had been ordered to take its position at corpus christ was now ordered to advance to ihe riogrande the reason given by mr buchanan for this order among other things was that it might be at hand in case mr slidell was rejected by mexico to act as comings should authorize now there had been an opinion i believe very far back from the time of santa anna's release from impris onment in texas that he was rather more favorable to the acknowledgement of tex an independence than any other ofthe chiefs in mexico at anv rate after his banishment by paredes tiie sentiment be came general that he was more favora ble to peace with the united states than the government then existing | the president of the united states sent before as on that day ; but there had been manifested no disposition to make it a cause of war with her - to say therefore that this was founded upon the refusal of mexico to pay her debts is a pretext and nothing but a pre text well then sir what was in truth tbe real object of the war ? if all the_;e things were pretexts what was in fact the true motive so far as we can now scrutinize the motives so far as we can look into the designs and objects of our rulers what was the motive the purpose the impulse of the heart which led to the measures tbat brought about this war why sir i have a poor opinion of my own sagaci ty ; 1 do not pretend to see further into such matters than other men : but to me it is as plain as a turnpike as visible as yonder sun now shining upon us sir an eminent person belonging to the party in administration most eminent certainly of all that do belong to it : so eminent that it strikes one rather oddly lhat the administration should not belong to him rather than he to the administra tion — i mean mr calhoun — one of the most practical politicians and debaters in this country : a gentleman who is not apt to concede away his case declared in the the last session of congress that if there had been no annexation of texas there would have been no war and he went further and said that the immediate cause of war was the order for the march of our army from corpus christi to the rio lira n de his war message to congress on the 11th day cl may 1816 placing the existence of the war upon the fact that mexico had invaded our territory and shed the blood of our people on that very day he des patched orders to commodore conner a \ era cruz that in case santa anna should come that way he should not obstruct his passage into mexico now how came it into mr polk's imagination that santa anna was likely to come that way . at about the same time if 1 remember aright mr.slidell mackenzie brother of our min ister to mexico was despatched to cuba it appears too liom the correspondence that our government also had an agent in cuba by the name of brown and it i notorious that it xvas matter of public con versation in cuba that santa anna was to return to mexico with the concurrence ofthe president of the united states j state this on good authority mark the coincidence of time and purpose the president said in his communication at the opening of the session of the last congress that he did not see any prospect of putting an end io cur difficulties while paredes was in power i think his precise word were these : " scarcely a hope of adjus ting our difficulties could oe cherished while paredes remained at the head of he mexican government what were those difficulties sir . ( lur chief difficul ty certainly was that mexico would not assent to the annexation ff texas this was the great trouble now sir 1 would call the attention of this meeting to a matter not unknown but but bow did the war grow out of an nexation ? this is a case in which cor rectly to answer this question we must adopt proper distinctions and follow the light afforded by ascertained facts now mr president i do not stand here at this time nor have 1 at any time been an advocate or apologist for mexico i have a very poor opinion of her govern ment in all its states and at all times 1 pity the people of mexico from my heart and i should pity tbem more if tbey ap peared to me to have sense enough to un derstand lhe misery of'their own condition i believe the government of that country to be the very worst in the civilized world pretending to regard the rights of the peo ple this republic which by tbe way is no republic at all but a military an archy has been i am sorry to say for years and years the prey of every miser able military upstart ihat could liud mo ney enough fo sustain a miserable army i have no sympathy therefore with any government or men connected with any of the governments of mexico lov the last twenty years 1 go further sir and j say lhat in my judgment after the battle ol san jacinto in 1836 and the events of the next six or seven years mexico had no reason to regard texas as one ot her provinces she had no power in texas but ii was entirely at the disposition of those who lived in ir they made a go vernment for themselves this countrv acknowledged that gov ernment ; foreign states acknowledged that government : and 1 think in fairness and honesty we must admit that in 1s4 1s41 1842 and 1843 texas was an inde which it seem to m has not received lhe weight tbe scrutiny which it deserves i again premise that the war message of the 11th ol may placed the war upon the ground of actual invasion by mexican troops and the murder of american citi zens upon american irround now about the 1st ol dune a proclamation wasdrawn up which on theoth of june was dispatch ed to gen taylor to be by him distribu ted throughout all mexico and that pur ported to set forth to the people ot mexi co the causes of the war i have this proclamation and i hope the gentlemen of lhe press will publish it well what did the proclamation say to the people of mexico as to lbe causes of the war any thing about invasion of american territory and murder of amer ican troops ? not a word like it — not one word that proclamation goes upon the old matter of the debts and upon the refusal to receive mr slideli as our min ister and upon a supposed declaration by paredes which 1 cannot find anywhere that war did actually exist bul the fact alleged in tlie war message of may 11th and the fact enacted if a fact can be en acted by legislative power that war ex isted by mexican invasion is not alluded to stated or intimated in the proclama tion to tiie mexican people < n the con trary speaking through general taylor the administration uses the following lan guage to the mexican people in this pro clamation : '• your government is in ihe bends ol tyrants and usurpers they have abolish ed vour state governments the have overthrown your federal constitution ney have deprived you of the right of suffrage d slroyed the liberty ofthe press despoil ed you of your arm an ! _. duced you to a state ol absolute dependence upon the power of a military dictator your army and nders extort from the people by griev ous taxation by forced loans and milita ry seizures the very money which sus tains the usurpers in power being dis armed you were left defenceless an easy prey to the savage cumancbes who out only destroy your lives and property but drive into a captivity more horrible than . itself your wives and children it ■ r military rulers who have reduced you lu this deplorable condition it is these tyrants and their corrupt and cruel satel lites gorged wih lbe people's treasure by whom you are thus oppressed and im poverished some ot whom have boldlv ad vocated a monarchical government and would place a european prince upon the throne ot mexico we come to obtain reparation for repeated wrongs and inju ries : we come to obtain indemnity lor ihe past and security tor the future ; wc come to overthrow ihe tyrants who have de stroyed your liberties hut wc come to make no war upon the people of mexico nor upon any form of free government y may choose to select lor themselves it is our wish to see you liberated from des pots to drive back the savage cutetanches to j re vent the renewal of their assaults and to compel them to restore to you from captivity your long lost wives nud chil dren yonr religion your altars and churches ihe property ol your churches and citizens ihe emblems of vour faith and us ministers shall be protected and re main inviolate hundreds of our army and hundreds of thousands ot our people are members of the catholic church in every state and in neatly every city and village of our union catholic churches exist and the priests perform their holy functions in peace and security under thu sacred guaranty of our constitution we come among the people of mexico as friends and republican brethren and all who receive us as such shall be protected whilst all are seduced into lhe army of your dictator shall be treated as enemies we shall want from you nothing but food for our army and for this you shall always be paid in cash the full value it is the settled policy of your tyrants to deceive you in regard to the policy and character of our government and people these tyrants fear the example of our free insti tution and constantly endeavor to misrep resent our purposes and inspire you with hatred for your republican brethren of the american union give us but the oppor tunity to undeceive you and vou will soon learn that all the representations of pa redes were false and were only made to induce you to consent to the establishment of a despotic government well now sir whai was that tvranny.thatdes potism ! why it was paredes a military chief tain who hail succeeded sama anna another military chieftain ace rding io the order of mexican succession or the last twenty yean the despotic authority here alluded to we tun mr polk speaking of in hi message to con gress id december last speaking ,-( paredes le savs there wa good reason to believe from his conduct that it was hi intention to convert the republic of mexico into a timiiar chy ami to call a foreign european prince to the throne now white was santa anna all thi lime and whai was he doing ' he mr president was then in cuba but -■ nn time in juno or thereabout he led cu ba made hi way to vera cruz and was there hi into mexico bv commodore conner according to ihe order of our government be he reached mexico he had made hi proc lamation that is to tv he had caused pro nunciameutos to i.e mad • in various districts tor putting down paredes ami preventing the es tablishnieiit ot a monarchy the injunction was that th orders of paredes should not he obeyed because tbey had been issued with the vi dent objeci ol making the nation appear to call tor a monarchy wiih a foreign prince to gov ern it now whether santa anna borrowed from our president or our presideni borrowed irom him or whether the remarkable coinci dence of idea and lang iage in the two procla mations were onlj the jumping conclusions of two great gen i — . 1 ■ not know but here is the act the sentiments of both were the same and ihev were pronounced a the same time when gen taylor was invading mexi co on the north aie i-.ued the proclamation sent to him liom washington santa anna's agents were pos id plan of promutei amento lo the same eflect containing tie ame ideas and expressed in tbe same language — thereupon sains whocumman led lhe troop in mexico deposed pai the l-i august hi and he was wi d to be set iug as the agent of santa i now sir in i • . intary on ihesa trati . message ot last ir tie piesid i.i i lhe united stales ac knowledges and leny that his ob ed was im '• rnmento pare ties : lhat i ' he - ight by war to revolution . • nun try tiii - he says in leed hat he saw no other way _ .■:•! ot our lifficully with mexia . lhal when l;7-i n ad thai m -- _•■• i * is sti tcl « ilh equal n-irtification an i . \\ e ot the jnited stales cili - . _ indei his - ul us while we tave a just mexico cannot gel i r attempting lo - lo re rt th % government of lhat miserable nation and plaj ofl i nli rnptibie mil itary chieftain against another we foment clion : we fom i i w promise - i . :• bel a _!.. " ' "• '•'>• can any thing less from lhe want ol . — me aim -• i ■■■■ t with dis grace in :'..'_ ' ■" ■ '■' r j,)0 (.,, ,„•, ■ — to me lhal it u7 exli inexpedi u , sir sam \ g mexico under rmi—ion nl ' pi : ;' ": ''.■■ united -. < leu ■ ! ■ ■ he proc n u ith v :.: ': he !, id ! een furnished by • m t ioverurnent the presideni admits in his .., .... ,_.. nf d cember i.i-i lb il be theq h-'ped ...... rorable tothe uniied states the authority of santa anna than from lhe rity i f paiedes tl fkvorabla