m su est i i'll of j.i ■ • w be nee :' lhe sentiment .. niel with lhe mention il . . •■ .. and «• <- foi wauled m i ' ietites is w hen — i it the mil iii'ini ns to he u lien we - bi -' land and subdue i .' i j ann our conleoei ti;v me or a - we are v isli nj < ) i mini j lu n . democracy . and theft . - ■ ■- in len im " is come ' 1 ,!-■ •. however in ■ i a seiitiim ■ . mi ihat ,. r ditierenl i lai higher 5 our mai y to reach n pursuing . in the foi m ol ijjhborhi coun ill in show lhal ■ lad i hrijihtei dream ■ itepublic of oui - t_r n ii hout nn in iu or \\ i'li i li wonderful advancement ol i ice and in the ai ins lerful ihat our i i<-;il and i lhe amazement ol all man - of every mon uchi-t and i — has heen checked and i nation pei !"■■<■ i i \ debt i - in-eii or i ahoul ■ which if tie war con i ■ ihfi debt ol europe ented befiire • ■ 11 l'i \ loi . s on mcj - iblime ture of when mr - u 1 1 1 1 1 into a | i ■. and the ■ k — loi : hr a tne i ican i ij the boundless : ,\ i sin lhe pal idess forest with axe rn ids ploughshare disarming on a ith the inajestj ol his enterprize or » i uiil.'iir and ' ci nceptions the savage l . md i.i master and ' even - if his sun lil . f hi t ie ; . . north airier ■ icei ing and etili euing i ; ian in lhe new vvoi id 1 1 cl \\ iiii civiliza i ■• nil . ol ,' - i vs li il mexic in under the toi i nl tu in the hyperborean is it a . when k l : lit1 ge ' it was an ex is well i i is v ar i iei \ ear i1 >, with iheii -. 1 \\ ith their peaceful md lhe tei i itm v the cou . was settled even taster i for its md ryeai after vear lhe musket and r lhe sword — while lhe rceness and hatred of - hitherto benevo ; mankind that were irresistable on no i : ses ever obstructed i'he < hutch followed at the r and rooted his vic l free school raised np as the future stand peace the n •■! theii achievment and made ■• of them in the view of - ihis then in leed the m . mi nu could he in lulged in — s changed for a new poli : = in \\ ashiiigton and " our com mi ,• mfederaey are ■• the grim demon of war cannon the conflagration of ihe groans ofthe wound so far from santan's being in die true millenitim '! li seem to have assembled :- t pandemonium with the arch fiend ' heir head forging red aud fiery human desti uction and iin ecstacies ver the agonies they .- to inflict upon maiikir<d bat is worthy of attention here is - ne i-iclory that peace fleeted alius cannon - may perhaps have ner towards ihe heart of ■ would have got there - ishare but have they ' iiave they anv se :^ lunne,or are they like s»y have they aught hut a j can call hei 0w and that an 0,u e sod ':' which is soon to 1 v h a hating enet , n * fearer uithe eye of han j^";a f could n„t i ' have sturdy strong h-»b3 aod ir011 wb american ptoneer unless j 1 his energies or synipa.iz i v8»ents the column of emigration u-ched on and on i is clear fr is invincible as it ever has heen w d have crumble as it ap or else been electrified by its touch vew'.toa strong one in peace ' nwar wheoeve there is supe ■ rement.it is a gcvern •^" the tiinef that they ■';' very h „, being i 1,.,v 1;l^,1(,b|mitm '"■'. nay we believe that as actually retarded our ' '.; ■ l^eir way there.-ij cttlu by he pressure frumwith brunei & james ) j ... - „ ( keep a check dpos ai.i vour editors sr proprietors \ ruj-eas ( new series d this axd liberty 1 - rc " / gen'l harrison ( number 16 of volume iv salisbury n c thursday august 19 1847 out we have created unity and strength within next instead of having a land ol ii iends for our countrymen tn go to we have raised up rivals in race in language and in religion and for ever em ittered them ng tinst us by the defeats they hav sustained oie wounds we have left behind and lhe hitter recollections of disasters we have necessarily inflicted upon them they iheir heart and their hatred is ever d i \ re-enkindled ami aggravated by ihese thousand local associations where in due lime the axe and the ploughshare could have necssity henceforth must carry the rifle mil th sword in short we have gol to conquer a peace where peace might have heen wooing us to come ll i to he our curse then by unnecessarily creating this tvar we are lo he punished by a long continuation of it ia one form or another alarming expenses o the government iiv ihe official quarterly return made by i lie secretary of the treasury it ap pears that the expenses of the army for oniy three months ending on the 30ih june were sixteen millions live hundred seventy-two thousand five hundred and ninety-four dollars 16,572,594 and the whole expenses of the government f'or the same period were 22,474,505 as the whole number of troops then in ser vice were less than those now assembled it follows that the expenses for the pre sent three months will be greatly in creased the expenses ofthe army alone at this rale will be over sixty millions a year — and ihis too without including pensions fortifications and numberless oilier items the expenses ofthe year for all descrip tions of expenditures cannot fall much below a hundred millions and if we get oft with that we shall do pretty well — the receipts of the government from cus toms and all other sources is almost eight millions for three months or thirty-two millions a year leaving a deficiency of at hast sixty-eight millions of dollars lt wns estimated if we recollect rightly that twenty-eight millions would meet all lhe deficiency of the expenses of the gov ernment army navy and every thing are no more than twenty-two and a half mil lions as is reported for the last three months or ninety millions a year we are running behind at a great rale the ex penditures trom december lasl the peri od when lhc estimate was made will bo to july is is one hundred and thirty-five millions tin statement will then read ihu i'.xpeiises for 1 j year * 135.000,000 lleceipts for the same period i bight millions a quarter or [- 48,000,000 for the \\ year ) bi lance 37,000,000 the government by its own showing — for these are their own figures — have expended iu the year and a half eighty seven millions more than the receipts — i\tmj i ork express from the national intelligencer of august 7 kentucky election our baltimore correspondent enclosed in his letter of last night the subjoined telegraphic despatch bringing the first news of the election in kentucky wheeling august 0 — 5 p m we are beginning to receive returns of the election held in kentucky on mondav tuesday and wednesday of this week for members of congress and the state le gislature the general character ofthe returns is much more favorable than was even ex pected in the maysville district where col gaines who was taken at incarnation and was at the last accounts a prisoner in mexico was the whig candidate he has iu live counties heard from on the lirs day's voting a majority of 55tl votes g the whigs have carried the countu kenton by a handsome majority ; c-jr bell by 114 majority and boone jftt majority jf in covington opposite cincinnst ., iv i i i ' " , , ,, 7ati the \\ lugs had on the second dav if l i.v * r9 ma'"u w the ilenrv district cox vti ■ . . i i .■-._ "• •. n •) i elec ted by 2 majority -? ' in the lexington ashing distr where there was a native q>j , i . r , . v . . , . , candidate run morehead w is elected ,. ,. i iv , , rover both lo cofoco and native hi ait i ( ■ ■ „ , . jfiie second d;t his maioritv was lldov.g , v .- . . i -,.-, • .- . £_• the native and o02 over the locoioeo.'wf the locofocos had *]: ■ ■ -, r.-ii.i ... , jn ma ontv of 212 in in loutsvj 1 e at the e 7 ',• i ' n it , „., nfiose ot the polls on mondav 1 he resu 7 ■ l i . • . • , , .-. a in thc district is doubtful '"''"""' /;/"-//"''- pfrehave returns from ' loyd county lad a|);i u[j(.re hc whj have a majority of the special lotion in y,,^,,,it,.—\xe a ,'"" !" i,t)ssi,!jfcn o complete returns ot hie , return xfejch was held in the pe tl,,-'m'lll'-r«j'>tiic«nt,jui.sdavil-op a i»e ri's"n,ll,lv,!|n m,._m-ss to si.pplv the va caiieyc a(hol mr.drom gooh ; but l'__h_f ii i _■"! what we have seen we think i here cmmm . .- i of u 1 >\ mw1 no doubt o the success dale v fr t!ie l)emocr;itic candi inv-'.'r jp/r/ff as half our griefs are iivrl-vjjk k would be wel before hav ti-v jjfroursc to laudanum or arsenic to * jrhat virtue there is in an emetic indian and american cottons at the meeting of the statistical section ot the british association on monday tbe 28th ult a paper was read by prof itbyle on the imports of indian as compared with the prices of american cotton he stated that the experiments in the north west of india had failed from the excess ive dryness of the season during which they had been made ; but he still thought that cotton might be successively cultiva ted in bundlecund and with aid of irrig ation in the ganges and jumna doab as in the similar climate of egypt when the great canal now making i.s completed in the peninsula of india on the contrary the success has been considerable in tin nivelly mr huges long cultivated bear bon cotton ; and mr finnic is now estab lished there from 500 to 1000 lbs of seed cotton have been obtained from the xew orleans seed imported in 1810 this he thinks can be landed at liverpool cos ting about 3 l-2d a lb as the expences of conveyance from combatone to cochin are not more than one l-4d per lb and must be less from tinniv-elly to tuticorn he slates that the ryots only want •• pur chasers and honest prices and that a rise of only 1-4 per lb in the local market would greatly extend the culture of cot ton lt is an important fact that the a bove cotton sent to livetpool to the ex i tent of 31 bales has been valued at ofd a lb and considered equal to fair new orleans which was selling at the same price in the southern mahratta country es pecially near dharwar the culture has attained complete success under mr mer cer the intelligent american planter the natives encouraged by the govern ment experiments where they saw that not only was more cotton produced per acre with new orleans seed but a better price obtained for every pound of cotton wool even from the weavers in tne inte rior extended their cultivation last year to about 30,000 acres and have succeeded in cleaning this cotton by the improved saw gin ; so that some of the former year's crop to the extent of 1g2 bales has been valued at liverpool at gd and 6^d here the climate is considered by mr mercer to be like that of america and the seed he found returning to its original mexican , character i ie also states that there is an abundance of land fitted for cotton cul ture which pays from 8 to 14 annas per acre and nothing is required but a regu lar demand to have the country covered with cotton the ryots sell iheir own cotton for 40 rupees a candy of 781 li whicli is about 1 1 d a lb their new orleans cotton they have sold for 5(5 ru pees the candy ; a further expense of 10 rupees was incurred in conveying it bv land and water to bombay making a to tal of s2 rupees 207 bales of this cotton were sold at bombay on the 26th of march last for 113 rupees per candy and some for 129 rupees at the same time that same cotton from broach cotton cultivated and cleansed in the same manner sold for 125 rupees ; and 42 bales grown by mr blount at julgaum for 132 rupees dr rayle concluded his observations by expressing his opinion that as the c-j , tivation in the west and in central fm|ja was skillfully conducted by th*y^a,jves | the cotton a good quantity aefl ie ' jce moderate it required only tj investm%nt of capital by those inte.'estrd in he im provement and extent f the cotton cu tore of india so ha^uie cotton as rrown might be at oncejfr.ought and cleum>(1 l)v air mercers iyrf,,.ov(_j saw gin great i.nproveme.i^.oul(1 thug ce,.tainiy lake place ryot be encouraged to in c ' u 1 1 i vat ion which he is every ready to do if a purchaser can be jjpund for his produce at fair prices from the fayetterille observer the hail road convention at camden — in another column will be found the proceed ings of the rail read convention which met at camden s c on the 28th ult in publish , ing these proceedings we desire to call atten tion to the vast importance of promptly acting on the matter the public expect the cotn misioners to go ahead with the survey we deprecate all improper haste but think any un necessary delay almost criminal the delegation from our town at the cam den convention appear to have done their du ty if the prosg cts oflhe income from the stock in ihe letro tan road should he even half of what die < uilen committee have estima ted can there he with proper efforts any fear hut that the money can he raised i an invest ment of 12 l-'j per cent — pinna/nut safe in creasing a the country increases — will com mand attention if the people of fayetteville will make it apparent in no way can this be done but hy a survey and estimates we mu.-t not call on hercules until we first put our shoulders to the wheel a cold over-cautious diiiatory spirit will notaccomplish any thing very valuable we are for action but at the same time for prudent action our money ready the cost ot our survey ascertained all of which can be done in a short time there should he no hesi tation we have a lesson near us — what a united energetic and enterprising commu nity can accomplish delays are dangerous we publish the notice of a meeting in salis ■ bur on the subject of columbia and charlotte rail road we mourn over this diversion of , western carolina trade to build up south car olina market towns would that we had the i power to do so by affording facilities to our peo pie to reach our own market on the cape fear we would arrest this drain and bring back the trade while we mourn over the prospect vet we cannot wonder that our western friends are up and doing all they can tor the development of the resource of their part of the country these things speak forcibly to the citizens of fayetteville to act — act promptly act wise ly we hope our western friends will calculate the final results may not rival routes yet spring up the " metropolitan road under way may not wilmington and fayetteville yet contend for the western trade with our south carolina and virginia neighbors — fay ob metropilitan rail road a friend suggests to us that it this road goes to or near cheraw it might greatly sub serve the interest of the proposed charlotte road ; for instead of going to columbia 100 miles it could reach the metropolitan road in about 55 miles then only think of the prof its of that part of the road which would em brace the great travel north and south this is worthy of consideration as it is doubtful whether a mere produce road can make a divident and then the planter could avail himselt e'nhei of the market at fayetteville or a more southern one ral register from the new haven pallud electricity — telegraph wires — m_-hsrs editors it is with extreme regret nanij mortification that i have seen circulating j in the papers the article alluded to in i your last in which a paragraph publish ! ed in the new haven journal with the signature of o is ascribed to me the idea that we shall have no heavy thunder showers or hear of lightning striking as long as we have telegraph wires spread over the earth could not i should sup pose be entertained by any one who re flects how small a proportion such struc tures of art bear in extent to the grand operations of nature although a line of telegraph wires sometimes undoubtedly facilitates the passage of electricity from the clouds to the earth not by attracting the fluid but by diminishing the resistance ahvawyexperienced by electricity in pass ing through the air yet nothing to me more improbable than that structures so limited in extent as these are and always must be compared with the dimensions of the whole atmosphere should to any great degree prevent the accumulation ol electricity in thunder storms one opin ion however which 1 publicly expressed through the medium of this paper a year or two since may be worth repeating namely that on account of the tendency of a thundercloud which approaches near to a line of wires to discharge its electri city through that channel care ought to be taken when the poles give war-ftm<to the approach of a thunder clo'jj io some part ofthe line to complejt^t{ie conduct ing communication vyj'nthe earth and thus to prevent the o£^r„e from exploding through the persatfof'theoperator with out this precau/^n j have for sorae ime believed uipj t|u consequences would sooner oj,&ter h fata denison olmsted \ ale college july 28 from the new orleans picayune july 3 from tlif army of general taylor the propeller washington from vera cruz and tampico touched at the brazos on the j 7 1 1 1 ult and received a mail from the army of gen taylor the american nag ofthe 21th ultimo contains not a word of any interest here passengers from matamoros who came over on the washington tell us that the day they left that city news was received there by mexican merchants that gen scott had had an action with the mexi cans at rio frio and defeated them total ly with a loss on his part of three hun dred men this news the bee says was read at the head of the troops at mata moros we presume this was done on the 20th — the day before the washington left the brazos if gen scott entered mexico on the 17th ult this would give nine days for the news to have reached matamoros — a distance of nearly 250 leagues by the way of san luis potosi and the tula pass the time is amply sutiicient for the transmission of the news but we have dates to the 20th from tam pico also which is several hundred miles nearer the capital and yet not a word ol gen scott's victory furthermore our coi respondent at mon terey writing on the 1 3th says they had then received a rumor there that general scott had defeated a very large force un der santa anna near the city of mexico this was a mexican rumor and very pos sibly was as authentic as the one which reached matamoros a few days later we annex the latest letter we have re ceived trom monterey special correspondence ofthe picayune monterey mexico july 13 1817 the day we started for mamalequi ra ther an interesting incident occurred at gen taylor's camp a mexican lady re siding in monterey drove up to the gener al's tent accompanied by three young children two girls ami a boy and solici ted advice from hini.l she stated that she was extremely anxiols that her children should be properly aftj thoroughly educa ted at some good iapitution in the i nited states and partiqmu-ly that they should be taught the english language and she was desirous of taking them herself to the united states for that purpose bu being totally unacquainted there wished the ad vice ol some competent person as to what course she should pursue the general gave her good advice and promised her conveyance and escort to the brazos bv the next train that goes down i understand that a mexican robber was brought info tie taylor's camp last night by two mexicans bound in some thing more substantial than " slumber's chains as a matter of course he will be turned over to the mexican authorities unless they have evidence that he has committed some offence against our peo ple intelligence was received here a few days since from san luis via saltillo that gen scott had met a very large force under santa anna near the city of mexi co and defeated them from texas by the arrival of the steamship yacht capt crane from galveston we are in possession of papers of ihat place to the 31st ult i the u s steamer gov yell which touched at galveston about three weeks since on her way from this city to brazos santiago was wrecked on aransas bar iu the night ofthe 13th ultimo a letter irom a person on board the gazette says states that after having put into matagor da bay wuh a loss of chimneys c to pair she left that poft on the 13th lhe day was line but a heavy sea was rolling to such a degree as to'cause the vessel to labor and leak badly la the evening it was impossible to keep up steam but making aransas bar at sun set the captain attempted to run in the breakers ran high and extended entirely across the channel so that she missed the pass and struck in three feet water where the sea broke over her all night those on board remained with the wreck all night wilh ropes in hand ready to lash themselves to parts of the wreck in case she should go to pieces she however held together until daylight when the people threw overboard their baggage the greater part of which was driven a shore by the waves and by noon all had gained the beach in one way or another the boat is a total wreck • the indians it appear arc commencing their depredations again the austin democrat litis the following a report has reached town that thi in dians have again manjjsstohsyntptomsof hostility iuji-^-jj.'-r-liborliood of the ger i-ui-e-oiony we h .... that mr robert hays surveyor a from that m ighboi who brings iuioi ma i ut the 4th or 5th inst four of his party were miss ing lt seems ihat they had started to run a line to a certain point at which mr 1 1 intended to meet them by another route mr ii proceeded to the point intended ami after waiting a considerable time longer than was sufficient for the party to reach him became impatient and started to meet ihem he fell on their trail found it had been traversed by horses found the hats of some of his party but nothing of the men it is feared that they have ei ther been killed or taken prisoners by the indians as the latter have appeared to be dissatislied for some time past on account of not receiving certain presents promised them by the german agents up to the date ofthe last advices from austin nothing had been heard ofthe miss ing surveyors we learn from the galveston gazette that mr j w brown of san antonio and formerly of kentucky was killed by indians about a fortnight since within fif teen miles of the town ; and mr g k lewis who has made himself famous by running several expresses between san antonio and monterey with but a single companion was attacked also near the town as he was returning from monterey with despatches by 8 or 10 indians and received a shot but succeeded in reach ing the town it is reported in galveston that the ar my worm had made its appearance in the cotton fields on the brazos but the news is ot opinion from information received from that part ot the state that it is not the army worm but another description which confines its ravages to the grass and is therefore rather beneficial thau oth erwise to the cotton the crops through out tin state are said generally to be good particularly in the west the news learns that a number of planters have al ready commenced picking and that the cotton is opened sufficiently to enable the hands to gather one hundred pounds per day if no injury happens in the next ten days adds the news the crop will probably he sate excepting late planting it is estimated that 45,000 bushels of wheat will be grown in the state this year gen tarlor the editor of the louisville ky journal savs in a controversy with the " deiiiocrur l that city : '• we can tell the editor of the democrat that it is within mr personal inotredge ihat gen taylor thinks quite as badly of the conduct ol lhe administration in bringing on the war and of its miserable inefficiency ui the management of it as we do from the richmond i gen taylor titken .'_■• touu uf „ we announced some time ago tbatan art to mexico lor the expr.'.x purpom of hrili ing back to ihe tinted states - 1 dd roueh and ready we knew at the time of mr browns departure on this interesting though perilous undertaking that if gen lavlor ever could be taken at all he could take lum and so it has turned out for by out latest advices from gen taylor's camp we have the assurance that tlie old hero has been taken and will soon be hi the slates in a private letter received i.v us yes lerday from our esteemed friend colonel j,jhn 1 hamtramck dated " near monterey june 20 the writer says : mr i own is hard at work out at camp when he reached l";1'1';1 was at once invited to take a tent adjoining major eaton's one of the gen eral s aids and was also invited to mess wuh the general and his stall he mr b has already one ot the most perfect portraits ol the general lever saw and also oue of major bliss 1 designs to paint the general and his stall in full length as they appeared on the four bat tle tields palo alto resaca monterey and buena vista for which purpose he will visit and sketch each he will also paint a view of the general as he is seen every day at camp in front ol his tent there is an awning on rude forks and pieces which affords him a shade under which he receives company converses reads newspapers and transacts business un der this awning there are three or four rude benches " it is reported here too that mr brown intends painting the general in his check shirt bandana cravat old green mean ing the general's green coat we suppose linen pants coarse shoes and straw hat on this canvass the general will appear as having*just buckled on his sword and in the act of mounting old " whitey whom the orderly is holding near by in the back ground of the same canvass will be represented the general's common wall tent whicli is just such an one as is used by the lowest grade of lieutenants jn the interior will be seen represented the rude camp cot blankets and even tho little desk on which the old hero has writ ten the reports ofall his battles in again alluding to the portrait alrea dy taken by mr brown our friend says " all here are pleased wilh mr b and all think his head of the general without a fault this of course will be gratify ing to mr b.'s friends as well as to the public gencrallv correspondence ofthe charleston courier washington august .">. the expenses of the mexican war be gin to be alarming at one time it was asserted that the prosecution of the war would not cost six millions a year mon than the ordinary amount ofthe expendi tures ii was estimated that the eighteen million loan the expenses of the war : would be amply met even if it continued till june 30th ims allowing four mill ions to be always on hand in the treasu ry this was thf evi iii-at nl lhe lose of ... ring t'tie ijut thirteen millions of the loan have been already called for and the remain der must be in the course of the present month the expenditures for the nrmy alone during the quarter ending junc30th were over sixteen millions the excess of ex penditures over receipts lor that quarter was more than two millions should ilu war be prosecuted with the vigor which has been promised the ex penditures on account of the army will exhaust the treasury before the meeting of congress iu december i have little doubt that the hesitation on the part of the government in sending out an ade quate force to our generals for the pros ecution ot thc war is caused by the pros pect of an empty treasury to present to congress at the commencement ofthe next session barren victories a continued war and an empty treasury will be ra ther mortifying to the administration — vet lhe executive is iu this dilemma that he must abandon the attempt to conquer a peace or hazard the continuance of ex penditures which may prove unavailing lt is an easy matter to kindle up a war to extinguish it is another affair 1 men tioned some days ago that the cabinet had held a consultation ou the subject of the instructions to he sent out by the bran t/t/teiiie to mr tod and that it had been determined to recede from the ground ta ken by mr wise and heretofore counten anced by the executive in relation to the affair of lt davis and the three sailors of the u s ship saratoga subsequent information enables me to confirm that statement and to give mr buchanan due credit for sustaining con ciliatory and proper view on the subject but still it is iin opinion that there will be diliiculty in settling the matter the laiilli u r « hich paper has here tofore defended mr wise's conduct minis affair savs : though we have reason to suppose that the instructions by the executive to mr tod have h.eti framed with a lauda ble purpose to prevent a collision between the iwo countries our private nformat,on leads us to suppose that it will not be a verv easy matter the authorities ol bra zil being in a high state of exasperation i may be hoped however that mr lod will find them nol to he so lar excited by what ha passed as not to listen to reason we are not disposed to doubt the disposi tiou ol our own government to avert tins collision if it can do so by any reasonable effort marrying for monej may be gold for lhe hand but it is generally li ad ior the heart